=3.= RUBEÆ. _Rubus_ (Bramble) has the same form of receptacle as the
_Potentilleæ_, but _no epicalyx_; _the fruitlets are drupes_, not
enclosed by the persistent calyx. Most frequently shrubs or undershrubs
with prickles (emergences), glandular bristles and compound leaves.
In the Raspberry (_R. idæus_) the fruitlets unite together and detach
themselves from the receptacle.
=4.= ROSEÆ. _Rosa_; the receptacle is hollow, ovoid and contracted
beneath the insertion of the calyx (Fig. 498), ultimately _fleshy_
and _coloured_; it encloses a large number of fruitlets which are
achenes as hard as stones (“hip,” biologically a berry).--Shrubs with
imparipinnate leaves and adnate stipules. ~The sepals show clearly the
order of their development (a divergence of 2/5), the two outer ones on
both sides are lobed, the third one on one side only, and the two last,
whose edges are covered by the others, are not lobed at all. _Prickles_
(emergences) are generally present and in some species are placed in
regular order, being found immediately below each leaf (usually two)
although at somewhat varying heights.~
[Illustration: FIG. 498.--Longitudinal section of flower of
_Rosa_.]
[Illustration: FIGS. 499, 500.--_Agrimonia eupatoria._
FIG. 499.--Flower in longitudinal section.