England, =5=, 338.
=Tudela=, protects Marranos concerned in the murder of Arbues, =4=,
357.
=Tudela=, the Jews of, enjoy equality with Christians and
Mahometans, =3=, 388.
attacked at the instigation of Pedro Olligoyen, =4=, 78.
baptized, =4=, 358.
=Tugaï Bey=, Tartar chieftain, defeats the Polish troops, =5=, 11.
=Tugendbund=, the, founded by Berlin Jewesses, =5=, 423, 425.
=Tulczyn=, the Jews of, betrayed by the Poles to the Cossacks,
=5=, 9-10.
=Tunis=, Louis IX dies at, =3=, 612.
forced converts emigrate to, =4=, 179.
Spanish exiles in, =4=, 391-2.
=Turbo, Martius=, Trajan’s general, in Egypt, =2=, 397-8.
cruelty of, =2=, 398.
=Ture Zahab.= _See_ Levi, David.
=Turim= (Tur), religious code compiled by Jacob ben Asheri, =4=, 88.
based on Maimonides’ code, =4=, 88.
treats of religious practice, =4=, 88.
compared with Maimonides’ code, =4=, 89.
Kabbalistic elements in, =4=, 89.
reception of, =4=, 89-90.
=Turkey=, the beginnings of, =4=, 267.
hospitable to Jews, =4=, 268.
the Karaites in, =4=, 269-71.
tolerance of, in the fifteenth century, =4=, 285.
Spanish exiles go to, =4=, 358.
treatment of the Spanish exiles in, =4=, 364.
the chief refuge of the Spanish exiles, =4=, 383, 400.
the Spanish exiles in, =4=, 400-5.
the Jewish fugitives in, dispose themselves in national
groups, =4=, 478.
the Kabbala in, =4=, 481.
Portuguese Marranos emigrate to, =4=, 485.
Solomon Molcho in, =4=, 496.
Messianic enthusiasm in, =4=, 497.
Marranos in, =4=, 529.
refuge of the Neapolitan and Bohemian Jews, =4=, 544.
refuge of the exiles from the Papal States, =4=, 592.
war of, with Venice, enriches Smyrna, =5=, 119.
refuge of the Ancona Marranos, =4=, 570.
victorious over Ferdinand I, =4=, 597.
victorious over Venice, =4=, 601.
peace of, with Venice, =4=, 605-6.
supported by Russia, =5=, 634.
=Turkey, the Jews of=, happy condition of, =4=, 271-3.
granted liberties, =4=, 400.
occupations of, =4=, 401.
linguists, =4=, 402.
molested by the Greek Catholics, =4=, 552-3.
trade with Pesaro instead of Ancona, =4=, 578-9.
prosperity of, =4=, 593.
under Selim II, =4=, 602, 607.
interested in the choice of a king for Poland, =4=, 604.
culture of, =4=, 607-10.
mediocrity of, =4=, 611-12.
religious stagnation among, =4=, 627.
submit questions to the Polish Talmudists, =4=, 639.
ransom Polish Jews from the Tartars, =5=, 8.
free from persecution, =5=, 168.
join Jacob Frank, =5=, 273.
emancipated, =5=, 641.
hated, =5=, 641.
praised by Delaborde, =5=, 649.
secured against the blood accusation, =5=, 662.
urged to use Turkish, =5=, 664.
=Tur-Simon=, stronghold fortified by Bar-Cochba, =2=, 415.
fall of, =2=, 416.
=Tus.= _See_ Jacob Tus.
=Tuscany=, the Jews of, protected against Bernardinus of Feltre, =4=,
297.
=Tuster.= _See_ Susa.
=Tusti=, Father, suspects the Damascus Jews of Tomaso’s murder, =5=,
635.
=Tyre= (Zor), built by the Canaanites, =1=, 3.
founded, =1=, 80.
subdued by Shalmaneser, =1=, 263.
surrenders to Shalmaneser, =1=, 264.
besieged by Nebuchadnezzar, =1=, 306, 307.
messengers from, urge Zedekiah to revolt from Nebuchadnezzar, =1=,
310.
merchants from, desecrate the Sabbath in Jerusalem, =1=, 387.
taken by Alexander the Great, =1=, 412.
Olympian games celebrated at, =1=, 446.
court held at, to try Menelaus, =1=, 449.
inhabitants of, threaten the Galilean Judæans, =1=, 475.
inhabitants of, meditate the massacre of the Christians, =3=, 20.
Jehuda Halevi at, =3=, 342.
the Jews of, in the twelfth century, =3=, 426.
=Tyrol=, the Jews of, persecuted, =4=, 297-9.
excludes Jews, =5=, 523.
=U=
=Ubaid-Allah=, founder of the Fatimide dynasty, patron of Isaac
Israeli, =3=, 180-1.
=Ubaid-Allah Ibn-Suleiman=, vizir, appoints Jews to state
offices, =3=, 183.
=Ucles=, the battle of, Mahometans victorious at, =3=, 312.
=Ueberlingen, the Jews of=, charged with well poisoning, =4=, 105.
burnt on the blood accusation, =4=, 227.
=Ukba.= _See_ Mar-Ukba.
=Ukban.= _See_ Mar-Ukban.
=Ukraine=, the Cossacks enjoy independence in, =5=, 2.
Jews banished from, =5=, 12.
Jews permitted to live in, =5=, 14.
devastated by the Cossacks, =5=, 388.
=Ulam=, an open vestibule in the Temple, =1=, 165.
=Ulamma=, the Jews of, in the twelfth century, =3=, 427.
=Ulla=, friend of Judah ben Ezekiel, on the purity of the Jewish
race, =2=, 551.
insulted by Yalta, =2=, 556.
=Ulla bar Kosher=, political offender against Zenobia, =2=, 530.
=Ulm=, conference at, to transfer the claims of Jews upon Christians
to Emperor Wenceslaus, =4=, 166.
the Jews of, banished, =4=, 416.
=Ulpianus Trajan.= _See_ Trajan.
=Ultramontanes.= _See_ Caorsini, the.
=Unger, Christian Theophilus=, supplements Basnage’s work, =5=, 197.
“=Union= of American Hebrew Congregations, The,” the objects
of, =5=, 702.
=Unitarians=, the, a Christian sect of the Reformation period, =4=,
541.
meetings of, the model of the Synod of the Four Countries, =4=, 645.
influence of, in Poland, =4=, 647.
=United States=, the, espouse the cause of the Damascus Jews, =5=,
633, 657.
early Jewish immigrants in, =5=, 702.
=Unity of God=, the, ceases to be a doctrine of Christianity, =2=,
500.
defended by Simlaï, =2=, 501-2.
=University degrees=, Jews forbidden by the Council of Basle to
take, =4=, 245.
“=Upon Ecclesiastical Power= and Judaism.” _See_ “Jerusalem.”
“=Upon Mendelssohn= and the Political Reform of the Jews,” by
Mirabeau, =5=, 432.
“=Upon the Aim of Jesus= and his disciples,” one of the “Fragments”
published by Lessing, =5=, 321.
“=Upon the Civil Amelioration= of the Condition of the Jews,” by Dohm,
=5=, 352-62.
emphasizes political advantages, =5=, 352-3.
describes the condition of the Jews, =5=, 353.
reviews the history of the Jews in Europe, =5=, 354.
programme outlined in, =5=, 355-6.
effect of, =5=, 356-7.
discussion of, =5=, 358-62.
appendix to, =5=, 362.
spread in Alsace by Cerf Berr, =5=, 431.
“=Upon the Inutility= of the Jews in the Kingdoms of Bohemia and
Moravia,” called forth by Dohm’s apology, =5=, 359.
=Uranso, Vidal de=, assassin hired against Arbues, =4=, 330.
=Urban V=, pope, enemy of Pedro the Cruel, =4=, 122, 126.
=Urbib=, of Alexandria, generosity of, =3=, 23.
=Urbino=, Abraham Abulafia in, =4=, 6.
refuge of Jewish exiles from the Papal States, =4=, 592.
=Uriah=, high priest, summoned as witness against Ahaz, =1=, 259.
=Uriah=, the Hittite, betrayed by David, =1=, 131-2.
=Uriah= of Mayence, apostate, sets fire to the synagogue, =3=, 303.
=Uriah=, son of Shemaiah, prophet, slain by Jehoiakim, =1=, 301.
=Uriel=, name of an angel, =1=, 403.
=Urim= and Thummim, in the Zohar, =4=, 23.
=Urraca=, queen of Castile, marries Alfonso I of Aragon, =3=, 316.
=Ursicinus=, legate of Gallus, oppresses the Jews of Judæa,
=2=, 568-9.
punishes the inhabitants of Sepphoris, =2=, 570-1.
falls into disfavor with Constantius, =2=, 572.
=Usal.= _See_ Sanaa.
=Usha=, school of, =2=, 148.
a center for the teaching of the Law, =2=, 356.
the Synhedrion removed to, =2=, 405.
a second time the meeting place of the teachers of the Law,
=2=, 433-4.
home of Judah ben Ilai, =2=, 433, 442.
_See_ Synhedrion, the, of Usha.
=Ushaya, the Elder=, adds supplements to the Mishna, =2=, 470.
compilation of, authoritative, =2=, 471.
establishes an academy at Cæsarea, =2=, 543.
=Ushaya, the Younger=, brother of Rabba bar Nachmani, Agadist,
=2=, 575-6.
=Usque, Abraham= (Duarte de Pinel), Marrano, translates the Bible
into Spanish, =4=, 475.
editor of the Ferrara Spanish Bible, =4=, 576.
printing press of, closed, =4=, 581.
=Usque, Samuel=, poet, on the Inquisition, =4=, 324-5, 522.
on the Portuguese Marranos, =4=, 380.
on Salonica, =4=, 404-5.
on Samuel II Abrabanel, =4=, 409.
Jewish historical subjects of, =4=, 588.
historico-poetical dialogue of, =4=, 558-61.
describes Gracia Mendesia, =4=, 575-6.
=Usque, Solomon= (Duarte Gomez), poet and historian, =4=, 555, 558.
tragedy by, on Esther, translated, =5=, 90.
=Usques=, the three, protected by Gracia Mendesia, =4=, 576.
=Usury=, the laws of, as enforced by Meïr, =2=, 439.
taken by Jews from Christians, =3=, 376, 393.
practiced in France in the twelfth century, =3=, 400.
restrictions of, by the Fourth Lateran Council, =3=, 510.
prohibited by the Council of Narbonne, =3=, 518.
in England and France in the thirteenth century, =3=, 571.
practiced by Jews in England under Henry III, =3=, 591.
prohibited by the Statute of Judaism, =3=, 642.
among the Jews of Castile, =4=, 80.
in France in the fourteenth century, =4=, 174.
legalized in Mantua, =4=, 286.
charged against the Jews of Nuremberg, =4=, 415.
Manasseh ben Israel exonerates the Jews from the charge
of, =5=, 41.
practiced by Christian capitalists, =5=, 205.
practiced by the Jews of Alsace, =5=, 349, 350-1.
charged against the Jews of France, =5=, 481, 482.
discussed in the Assembly of Jewish Notables, =5=, 489, 492.
discussed by the Synhedrion, =5=, 497.
=Utrera=, the Marranos of, adopt means of defense against the
Inquisition, =4=, 313.
=Uzza=, the garden of, burial place of Manasseh, =1=, 285.
=Uzzah=, son of Abinadab, sudden death of, =1=, 119.
=Uzziah=, son of Amaziah of Judah, =1=, 226.
king of Judah, character and ability of, =1=, 228-9.
the earthquake under, =1=, 229.
drouth under, =1=, 229-30.
conquests of, =1=, 230-1.
fortifies Jerusalem, =1=, 231.
friendly relations of, with Jeroboam II, =1=, 231, 232.
models his kingdom after Solomon’s, =1=, 231.
warlike spirit of, =1=, 244.
attempts to sacrifice in the Temple, =1=, 245.
attacked by leprosy, =1=, 245.
last years of, passed in solitude, =1=, 246.
death of, =1=, 248.
=Uziel, Isaac=, preacher at Amsterdam, influence of, =4=, 672.
scourges the immorality of the Amsterdam Jews, =4=, 680.
disciples of, =4=, 682, 683, 689.
threatens Uriel da Costa with excommunication, =5=, 58.
=V=
=Vaad Arba Arazoth.= _See_ Four Countries, the, the Synod of.
=Valavigny=, surgeon, suspected of poisoning wells, =4=, 104.
“=Vale of Weeping=,” by Joseph Cohen, =4=, 590, 608.
=Valencia=, quarrel about the chief rabbinate of, =4=, 162.
Marranos from, in Algiers, =4=, 199.
opposition to the Inquisition in, =4=, 328.
refuge of the last king of Toledo, =3=, 295.
=Valencia, the Jews of=, possess penal jurisdiction, =4=, 155.
exterminated in 1391, =4=, 170-1.
accept baptism, =4=, 205, 206.
charged with the blood accusation, =4=, 344.
possessions of, sequestrated by Ferdinand the Catholic, =4=, 350.
=Valencia de Alcantara=, Gonzalo Martinez besieged in, =4=, 86.
=Valens=, Emperor of the East, tolerance of, =2=, 603.
=Valensino=, Alexandrian Jew, seconds Munk’s efforts to establish
schools, =5=, 663.
=Valentinian I=, Emperor of the West, tolerance of, =2=, 603.
=Valerianus=, emperor, taken prisoner, =2=, 527.
=Valladolid=, besieged by Alfonso XI of Castile, =4=, 79.
the Marranos of, attacked, =4=, 280-1.
=Valladolid, the cortes of=, petition Alfonso XI against usury, =4=,
80.
petition for the curtailment of Jewish privileges, =4=, 116.
pass anti-Jewish regulations, =4=, 158.
=Valladolid, the Jews of=, under Sancho, =3=, 617.
deny the charges of Alfonso Burgensis, =4=, 83.
despoiled, =4=, 125.
accept baptism, =4=, 205.
=Van den Enden, Dr. Franz=, philologist, Spinoza’s teacher,
=5=, 88-9.
=Vandals=, the, the empire of, conquered by Belisarius, =3=, 26.
antagonistic to the Catholics, =3=, 44.
=Vangioni=, the, marry Jewish women, =3=, 41.
=Vannes=, the Council of, forbids the clergy to take part in Jewish
banquets, =3=, 36.
=Vanni=, mufti, proposes the conversion of Sabbataï Zevi, =5=, 153.
instructs Sabbatian converts, =5=, 154.
teaches Sabbataï Zevi Mahometan customs, =5=, 162.
=Van Oven, Bernard=, English Jew, interested in the Damascus
affair, =5=, 653.
=Van Swieden.= _See_ Swieden, van.
=Vantabiet=, Armenian bishop, incites a crusade against the Damascus
Jews, =5=, 662.
=Varnhagen von Ense=, husband of Rachel Levin, =5=, 443.
attitude of, towards the Jews, =5=, 533.
=Varus=, representative of Agrippa II, treachery of, =2=, 275.
dismissed, =2=, 275.
=Varus, Quintilius=, governor of Syria, convicts Antipater of
attempted parricide, =2=, 114.
given charge of Jerusalem, =2=, 122-3.
orders out Roman troops against the Judæan insurgents, =2=, 125-6.
subdues the Judæan insurgents, =2=, 126.
=Vayol, Hans=, calumniates Israel Bruna, =4=, 302, 303.
retracts his calumnies, =4=, 304.
=Vaz, Diego=, Marrano, murders Henrique Nunes, =4=, 490.
=Vecinho, Joseph=, physician and astronomer, at the congress summoned
by João II, =4=, 367.
=Vega brothers=, the, found an academy at Jerusalem, =5=, 126.
=Vega Enriques, Rachel de=, marriage of, =5=, 242.
=Vega, Judah=, rabbi in Amsterdam, indulgent towards the weaknesses
of the Jews, =4=, 680.
=Veit=, in the Prussian Landtag, =5=, 697.
=Veit, Simon=, husband of Dorothea Mendelssohn, =5=, 424.
=Veitel, Ephraim=, Voltaire’s agent, =5=, 339.
school founded by, =5=, 405.
=Velasquez de Tordesillas=, bishop of Segovia, accuses the Jews of
host desecration, =4=, 195-6.
=Venaissin=, Jews in, after the banishment by Charles VI, =4=, 177.
the Jews of, expelled by Pius V, =4=, 592.
=Venice=, commerce of, in the fifteenth century, =4=, 285.
the Abrabanel family at, =4=, 385-6.
Spanish spoken at, by the exiles, =4=, 388.
exiled Jews settle in, =4=, 408.
the Marranos of, unmolested, =4=, 500.
Molcho and Reubeni at, =4=, 504-5.
Marranos well treated at, =4=, 526.
the Talmud burnt in, =4=, 565.
the rulers of, prosecute Gracia Mendesia, =4=, 574.
ordered by Turkey to liberate Gracia Mendesia, =4=, 575.
ambassador of, denounces Joseph Nassi, =4=, 595.
hostility of, to Joseph Nassi, =4=, 600.
war of, with Turkey, =4=, 600.
imprisons the Levantine merchants, =4=, 600.
peace of, with Turkey, =4=, 605-6.
Elias Montalto in, =4=, 673.
the war of, with Turkey enriches Smyrna, =5=, 119.
the Sabbatian movement in, =5=, 138, 150.
Nathan Ghazati in, =5=, 161.
Jewish exiles from Vienna settle in, =5=, 173.
Nehemiah Chayon at, =5=, 216-17.
honor shown to Crémieux at, =5=, 668.
=Venice, the Jews of=, in the twelfth century, =3=, 424.
threatened with expulsion, =4=, 600-1.
depart, =4=, 606.
position of, secured by Solomon Ashkenazi, =4=, 606-7.
number of, in the sixteenth century, =4=, 650.
in the time of Leo Modena, =5=, 68.
order Luzzatto to justify himself, =5=, 238.
=Venice, the rabbis of=, exact a promise from Luzzatto not to teach
the Kabbala, =5=, 239.
offended by Luzzatto, =5=, 239-40.
excommunicate Luzzatto, =5=, 240, 242.
excommunicate the writer of Sabbatian amulets, =5=, 263, 264.
=Venus=, temple to, on Golgotha, =2=, 422.
=Vera y Alarcon, Lope de=, martyr, celebrated by Enriquez de
Paz, =5=, 111.
=Verdun=, fortress of, refuge of the Jews, =4=, 56.
=Verona=, Jews beg for shelter in, =4=, 660.
=Vesoul family=, the, privileges of, =4=, 150.
extinction of, =4=, 152.
=Vespasian=, general of the Roman army in Judæa, =2=, 284.
met at Ptolemais by Judæan partisans of Rome, =2=, 285.
army of, =2=, 285.
defeats Josephus, =2=, 285.
defeated at Jotapata, =2=, 285-6.
takes Gabara, =2=, 286.
takes Jotapata, =2=, 287.
kindly disposed to Josephus, =2=, 288.
takes Gamala, =2=, 289-90.
truce declared by, =2=, 290.
hesitates to attack Jerusalem, =2=, 297, 298.
in fear of Licinius Mucianus, =2=, 300.
fealty sworn to, in Syria and Egypt, =2=, 300.
declares Judæa his property, =2=, 312.
celebration of the birthday of, =2=, 312.
celebrates his triumph over Judæa, =2=, 314-15.
appoints Bassus governor of Judæa, =2=, 315.
institutes the fiscus Judaicus, =2=, 316.
rewards the Judæans friendly to Rome, =2=, 316-17.
closes the Temple of Onias, =2=, 318.
treats the Jews kindly after the fall of Jerusalem, =2=, 331.
gives Galilee to Agrippa II, =2=, 333.
=Viana=, the Jews of, attacked at the instigation of Pedro
Olligoyen, =4=, 78.
=Victoria=, of England, congratulates Montefiore upon his success in
the East, =5=, 669.
honors Montefiore, =5=, 670.
approves of the abolition of the form of oath, =5=, 698.
=Vidal.= _See_ Bonafoux Vidal; Crescas Vidal.
=Vidal, Maëstro.= _See_ Moses ben Joshua Narboni.
=Vidal ben Benveniste Ibn-Labi= (Ferrer), champion of Judaism at the
Tortosa disputation, =4=, 207, 211.
holds the Agada to be authoritative, =4=, 214.
refuses to accept Christianity, =4=, 215.
relations of, become converts, =4=, 215.
neo-Hebraic poet, =4=, 230.
defends the Talmud, =4=, 233-4.
=Vidal Menachem ben Solomon Meïri= (1249-1306), rabbi of Perpignan,
style of, =4=, 26-7.
=Vieira, Antonio=, Jesuit, characterizes Isaac Aboab and Manasseh ben
Israel, =4=, 683.
=Vienna=, the Council of, confirms the anti-Jewish decrees of
Innocent III, =3=, 611-12.
court Jews appointed in, =4=, 702.
Jews re-admitted into, =5=, 189.
Judah Chassid at, =5=, 213.
Chayon at, =5=, 218, 230.
Jews allowed to live in, under certain conditions, =5=, 358.
a Jewish salon in, =5=, 413-14.
intercourse with, awakens a desire for culture in Galicia, =5=, 611.
honor shown to Crémieux at, =5=, 668.
=Vienna, the Congress of=, and the emancipation of the Jews, =5=,
513, 518-20.
statesmen of, favor the emancipation of the Jews, =5=, 514.
=Vienna, the Jews of=, declared ineligible to office, =3=, 635.
protected from the Deggenburg persecution, =4=, 99.
kill themselves to escape the Black Death persecutions, =4=, 110.
number of, =4=, 694.
importance of, during the Thirty Years’ War, =4=, 702.
privileges of, =4=, 702-3.
build a synagogue, =4=, 702.
tax paid by, =5=, 170.
banished at the instigation of Empress Margaret, =5=, 170.
call upon outsiders to have the decree revoked, =5=, 171.
go into exile, =5=, 171-2.
dispersion of, =5=, 172-4.
suppress “Judaism Unmasked,” =5=, 189-90.
join the “Society of Friends,” =5=, 418.
heterogeneous character of, =5=, 579-80.
reforms of, =5=, 580.
the Temple service of, =5=, 581.
importance of, =5=, 582.
=Viennet=, French deputy, proposes the abolition of a state
religion, =5=, 597.
=Villadiego=, the Jews of, exterminated by Pedro’s English
allies, =4=, 125.
=Villafranca=, Oran Jews settle at, =5=, 169.
=Villareal=, tribunals of the Inquisition established in, =4=, 325.
=Villaris=, treasurer, insists upon the payment of taxes by the Jews
of Spain, =4=, 344.
=Ville-Neuve=, the Jews of, suspected of well poisoning, =4=, 104.
“=Vindiciæ Judæorum=,” by Manasseh ben Israel, translated by Marcus
Herz, =5=, 362.
fundamental idea of, =5=, 363.
=Virgin Mary, the, doctrine of=, discussed by the Jews of
France, =3=, 343.
refuted by Moses Cohen de Tordesillas, =4=, 141.
=Viseu.= _See_ Vecinho.
=Vishnioviecki=, prince, Polish general, protects the Polish Jews
against Cossack cruelty, =5=, 10.
retreats before the Cossacks, =5=, 10-11.
=Vishnioviecki, the house of=, controls Cossack colonization, =5=, 3.
=Visigothic code=, the, the Jews under, =3=, 292.
translation of, =3=, 594-5.
=Visigoths=, the, the kings of, dependent on the Church, =3=, 37.
antagonistic to the Catholics, =3=, 44-5.
treat the Jews kindly until Catholic times, =3=, 45-6.
the anti-Jewish decrees of, revived by the Council of Meaux, =3=,
171.
=Vismes=, the secretary of, shows the injustice done the Jews of
Metz, =5=, 446.
=Vital.= _See_ Chayim; Samuel.
=Vitellius=, proclaimed emperor in Lower Germany, =2=, 299.
drives Otho to suicide, =2=, 299.
death of, =2=, 300.
=Vitellius=, governor of Syria, appealed to, against Pontius
Pilate, =2=, 172.
befriends the Judæans, =2=, 172-3.
offers sacrifices in the Temple, =2=, 173.
=Vitoria, the Jews of=, deed their cemetery to the town, =4=, 352.
left without physicians by the expulsion of the Jews, =4=, 353.
=Vivo.= _See_ Yechiel of Paris.
=Vizeu=, Jewish center in Portugal, =4=, 159.
=Vladislav=, of Poland, death of, =5=, 8.
=Volga= (Itil, Atel), the, Jews settle at the mouth of, =3=, 123.
kingdom of the Chazars founded on, =3=, 138.
=Volhynia=, rabbinical schools established in, =4=, 420.
Haidamaks in, =5=, 11.
=Vologeses=, king of Parthia, and Izates of Adiabene, =2=, 218.
=Vologeses=, king of Parthia, defeats Atidius Cornelianus, =2=, 447.
=Voltaggio=, Joseph Cohen at, =4=, 555.
=Voltaire, Arouet de=, compared with Lessing, =5=, 296.
hostility of, to Jews, =5=, 338-9.
financial losses of, through Medina, =5=, 339.
quarrel of, with Hirsch, =5=, 339.
Frederick the Great enraged at, =5=, 339.
slanders the Jews, =5=, 340.
answered by Pinto, =5=, 345.
compliments Portuguese Jews, =5=, 345.
“Jewish Letters” addressed to, =5=, 346-7.
admired by Jews, =5=, 411.
=Von Bohlen=, exegete, =5=, 695.
=Von der Recke=, countess, and David Friedländer, =5=, 534.
=Voss, Julius von=, defends the Jews, =5=, 533.
=Vossius, Dionysius=, translates a work by Manasseh ben Israel, =5=,
22.
=Vossius, Isaac=, recommends Manasseh ben Israel to Christine of
Sweden, =5=, 22.
Manasseh ben Israel dedicates a work to, =5=, 37.
=Vossius, John Gerard=, friendly to Manasseh ben Israel, =5=, 22.
=Vowel-points=, added to the Hebrew consonants, =3=, 112.
=Vries, Simon de=, friend of Spinoza, =5=, 107.
=Vulgate=, the, Latin translation of the Bible by Jerome, =2=, 625.
placed above the Hebrew Bible, =4=, 444-5.
=W=
“=Waage, Die=,” journal published by Börne, =5=, 542.
=Wadil-Kora=, inhabited by Jews, =3=, 55-6.
submits to Mahomet, =3=, 83.
the Jews of, driven away by Omar, =3=, 85.
the Jews of, bring love of the Arabic to Babylonia, =3=, 111.
=Wagenseil, John Christopher=, Hebraist, accuses the Jews of
blaspheming Jesus, =5=, 185-6.
interested in the conversion of Jews, =5=, 186.
tolerance of, =5=, 186-7.
denounces the blood accusation, =5=, 187.
=Wala=, incites the sons of Louis the Pious against their
step-mother, =3=, 166.
=Waldenses=, the, crusades against, begin with massacres of the
Jews, =4=, 222.
=Wales=, the Jumpers in, =5=, 378.
=Wallachia=, the Jews of, join Frank, =5=, 273.
=Wallenstein=, general, plunders the Jews, =4=, 701.
=Walter Cornutus=, archbishop of Sens, and the burning of the
Talmud, =3=, 578.
=Walther von der Vogelweide=, the style of, adopted by Süsskind von
Trimberg, =3=, 420.
=Wamba=, Visigothic king, revolt against, =3=, 104-5.
expels the Jews from Narbonne, =3=, 105.
Jews enjoy religious freedom under, =3=, 105, 106.
forced by Erwig to become a monk, =3=, 106.
“=War for God=,” defense of Maimonides by his son, =3=, 545.
“=War of the Fosse=,” between Mahomet and an alliance of tribes, =3=,
80.
=Waragi=, the, wage war with the Chazars in the tenth century, =3=,
221.
=Waraka Ibn-Naufal=, convert to Judaism, influences Mahomet, =3=, 71.
=Wars of God=, the, book of, early Hebrew poetry, =1=, 29.
=Warsaw=, Frank’s baptism at, =5=, 288.
the duchy of, created by Napoleon, =5=, 500.
=Wartburg=, the, Luther on, =4=, 469, 475.
=Wasit=, under the jurisdiction of the Sora academy, =3=, 98.
the Jews of, in the twelfth century, =3=, 437.
=Water-gate=, the, Ezra reads the Law near, =1=, 378.
=Water libation=, the, mocked at by Alexander Jannæus, =2=, 43.
re-introduced under Salome Alexandra, =2=, 51.
as celebrated on the Feast of Tabernacles, =2=, 51.
=Water-Town=, the. _See_ Rabbath-Ammon.
=Way, Lewis=, addresses the Congress of Aix on the emancipation of
the Jews, =5=, 525-7.
=Wecelinus=, chaplain, proselyte, lampoons Christianity, =3=, 245.
=Weil, Jacob=, teacher of Israel Bruna, defends him, =4=, 302.
death of, =4=, 303.
=Weil, Moses=, rabbi of the German Jews of Amsterdam, =4=, 681.
=Weissenburg, the Jews of=, persecuted in the thirteenth century, =3=,
611.
indifferent to the confiscation of Hebrew books, =4=, 438.
=Weissenfels=, rabbinical synod at, =4=, 163.
=Well poisoning.= _See_ Black Death, the.
=Wenceslaus=, emperor, punishes the priests, =4=, 164.
appealed to, by the Bohemian Jews, =4=, 165-6.
exacts a poll-tax from the Jews, =4=, 166.
friend of the rabbi of Prague, =4=, 166.
deposed, =4=, 178.
=Wenzel=, Francis, apostate, tries to arouse prejudice against the
Jews, =5=, 191.
=Werner=, archbishop of Mayence, protects the Jews, =3=, 636.
“=Werner, the good=,” supposed to have been murdered for ritual
purposes, =3=, 637.