monotheist, =1=, 5.
virtues of, =1=, 6.
revered by the Israelites, =1=, 6-7.
impresses Mahomet, =3=, 71.
in the Zohar, =4=, 23.
=Abraham of Aragon=, oculist, =3=, 583.
=Abraham de Balmes=, physician and grammarian, =4=, 411.
instructs Christians in Hebrew, =4=, 473.
=Abraham de Beya=, traveler in Portuguese employ, =4=, 368.
=Abraham of Granada=, Kabbalist, =4=, 196-7.
=Abraham de Herrera.= _See_ Herrera, Abraham de.
=Abraham ben Chasdaï=, Maimunist, as poet, =3=, 388, 560.
denounces Solomon of Montpellier, =3=, 544.
epigram by, =3=, 544.
=Abraham ben Chiya Albargeloni= (1065-1136), astronomer, =3=,
313; =4=, 120.
=Abraham ben David of Posquières= (Rabed II, 1125-1198), Talmudist,
as a controversialist, =3=, 389, 399.
disciple of Abraham ben Isaac, =3=, 392.
friend of Judah Ibn-Tibbon, =3=, 397.
writes a Mishna commentary, =3=, 399.
criticises Maimonides’ Mishne-Torah, =3=, 490.
death of, =3=, 490.
alleged founder of the Kabbala, =3=, 547.
=Abraham ben Isaac=, head of the college of Narbonne, =3=, 392.
son-in-law of, =3=, 399.
=Abraham ben Meïr Ibn-Ezra= (1088-1167), personality of, =3=, 366-7,
381.
attitude of, towards the Karaites, =3=, 366.
and Jehuda Halevi and Moses Ibn-Ezra, =3=, 367.
poetry of, =3=, 367-8.
as an exegete, =3=, 368, 370-1, 371-3.
poverty of, =3=, 368-9.
in the East, =3=, 369.
in Rome, =3=, 369-71.
as a grammarian, =3=, 371, 374.
adheres to the Massora, =3=, 371.
at Mantua and Lucca, =3=, 371.
in southern France, =3=, 373.
poem on, by Jacob Tam, =3=, 373, 376.
in London, =3=, 373-4.
as philosopher, =3=, 373.
defends the Sabbath eve, =3=, 374.
last years of, =3=, 374-5.
son of, =3=, 375.
influence of, on Italian Jews, =3=, 423.
attacked by Nachmani, =3=, 534, 608.
the works of, used by Raymund Martin, =3=, 622.
denounced as a heretic, =3=, 624.
admired by Yedaya Bedaresi, =4=, 43.
the works of, studied in the fourteenth century, =4=, 143-4.
the Pentateuch commentary by, commented upon, =4=, 144.
commentary on the works of, =4=, 191.
exegesis of, praised by Reuchlin, =4=, 442.
commentary by, in the Bomberg Bible, =4=, 476.
studied by Spinoza, =5=, 88.
=Abraham ben Samuel Abulafia= (1240-1291), Kabbalist, =4=, 3, 11,
622.
youth and ideals of, =4=, 4-5, 19.
system of, =5=, 5-6, 14.
disciples of, =4=, 6, 8, 10.
in Italy, =4=, 6.
imprisoned, =4=, 7.
Messianic claims of, =4=, 7-8.
works of, =4=, 8.
declared a heretic, =4=, 625.
=Abraham ben Sherira.= _See_ Mar-Abraham.
=Abraham Ibn-Alfachar= (1160-1223), favorite of Alfonso III of
Castile, =3=, 384-5.
ambassador to Morocco, =3=, 385.
encourages Talmud study, =3=, 386.
=Abraham Ibn-Daud Halevi= (1110-1180), physician, philosopher, and
historian, =3=, 363-6.
parentage of, =3=, 364.
attainments of, =3=, 364.
as an historian, =3=, 364, 365-6.
as a scientist, =3=, 364.
as a philosopher, =3=, 364-5.
style of, =3=, 366.
death of, =3=, 386.
the work of, consulted by Basnage, =5=, 196.
=Abraham Ibn-Shoshan=, scholar, Spanish exile in Egypt, =4=, 393.
=Abraham Ibn-Zarzal=, physician and astrologer, =4=, 116.
=Abraham, son of Manessier= de Vesoul, =4=, 150.
=Abraham Bedaresi=, poet, elegy by, =3=, 579.
compared with his son, =4=, 42.
=Abraham Benveniste Senior=, dignitary at the court of Juan II of
Castile, =4=, 228.
frames the law of Avila, =4=, 229.
promotes the marriage of Isabella of Castile, =4=, 280.
friend of Isaac Abrabanel, =4=, 341.
accepts baptism, =4=, 351.
_See also_ Coronel.
=Abraham Bibago=, favorite of John II of Aragon, =4=, 275.
=Abraham Farissol= (1451-1525), Bible commentator and geographer,
=4=, 411-12.
protegé of Hercules d’Este I, =4=, 412-13.
polemic writings of, =4=, 413.
=Abraham Israel=, excommunicates Eibeschütz’s opponents, =5=, 264.
=Abraham Klausner=, compiles the customs of various communities,
=4=, 134.
=Abraham Levi=, Spanish exile, Kabbalist, =4=, 481.
=Abraham (Abulmeni) Maimuni= (1185-1254), son of Maimonides, his
successor, =3=, 493.
Talmudist and philosopher, =3=, 495.
visited by rabbis emigrating to Palestine, =3=, 505.
and the attacks upon his father, =3=, 525-6, 545.
=Abraham Maimuni II=, great-grandson of Maimonides, converts Karaites
to Rabbanism, =4=, 71-2.
=Abraham Menz=, director of the Padua college, =4=, 410.
=Abraham Saba=, Kabbalist, leaves Portugal, =4=, 381.
=Abraham Yizchaki=, anti-Sabbatian, =5=, 220-1.
=Abraham Zacuto=, disciple of Isaac Aboab, pronounces his funeral
oration, =4=, 366.
author of an astronomical calendar, =4=, 367, 372.
escapes from Portugal, =4=, 378.
at Tunis, =4=, 391.
writes the Sefer Yochasin, =4=, 391.
flees to Turkey, =4=, 392.
compared with Elias Kapsali, =4=, 407.
chronicle of, published, =4=, 608, 629.
great-grandson of, =4=, 678.
=Abraham Zacuto Lusitano= (1576-1642), physician, honor paid
to, =4=, 678.
=Abrianim=, transgressors of the Law, addressed by Jesus, =2=, 152.
=Absalom=, son of David, instigates the murder of Amnon, =1=, 134.
seeks refuge with Talmai of Geshur, =1=, 134-5.
pardoned, =1=, 136.
plots with Ahithophel, =1=, 136, 138-44.
description of, =1=, 137.
hailed as king in Hebron, =1=, 139.
in Jerusalem, =1=, 142-3.
accepts Hushai’s advice, =1=, 143.
killed, =1=, 144-5.
mourned by David, =1=, 145.
monument of, =1=, 145.
children of, =1=, 145.
=Absalom=, son of John Hyrcanus, =2=, 34.
in Pompey’s triumph, =2=, 67.
=Abt=, friend of Mendelssohn, =5=, 303.
=Abtalion= (Pollion), head of the Synhedrion, =2=, 71-2.
maxims of, =2=, 72; =3=, 573.
disciples of, =2=, 72, 96.
opposed to Antigonus, =2=, 85-6.
counsels submission to Herod, =2=, 88.
spared by Herod, =2=, 89.
death of, =2=, 90.
=Abu-Abdullah Mahomet Alnasir=, Almohade caliph, invades Andalusia,
=3=, 506-7.
decrees Jew badges, =3=, 512.
=Abu-Afak=, poet, opponent of Mahomet, =3=, 74.
=Abu Amr Joseph ben Chasdaï.= _See_ Joseph ben Chasdaï.
=Abu-Amr Joseph ben Zadik Ibn-Zadik= (1080-1148), philosopher,
=3=, 314-15.
as a poet, =3=, 315.
death of, =3=, 361.
=Abu-Amran Moses=, founder of a Karaite sect, =3=, 157-8.
=Abu-Amranites=, Karaite sectaries, =3=, 158.
=Abu-Amrun Musa ben Maimun Obaid Allah=, Arabic name of Maimonides,
=3=, 447.
=Abu Ayub= (Solomon Ibn-Almuallem), poet and physician, =3=, 312.
=Abu Ayub Sulaiman Ibn-Yachya.= _See_ Solomon Ibn-Gebirol.
=Abu-Bekr=, Mahomet’s general, repulsed at Kamus, =3=, 82.
=Abudiente, Abraham Gideon=, Sabbatian, =5=, 155.
=Abu Fadhl Chasdaï= (1040), Arabic Jewish poet, vizir to the king of
Saragossa, =3=, 280.
=Abuhajaj Joseph Ibn-Ezra=, brother of Moses Ibn-Ezra, =3=, 319.
son of, =3=, 361.
=Abu Hussain Joseph Ibn-Nagrela.= _See_ Joseph Ibn-Nagrela.
=Abu-Ibrahim Isaac Ibn-Ezra=, brother of Moses Ibn-Ezra, =3=, 318.
=Abu Ibrahim Isaac Ibn-Kastar ben Yasus= (Yizchaki, 982-1057),
physician and philosopher, =3=, 273.
=Abu-Isa.= _See_ Obaiah Abu-Isa ben Ishak.
=Abu Ishak al-Elviri=, Mahometan poet, enemy of the Jews of
Granada, =3=, 278.
=Abu Ishak Ibn-Mohajar=, vizir to the Almoravide Ali, =3=, 312.
=Abu Jacob Yussuff Almostansir=, Almohade ruler of Morocco, =3=, 385.
=Abu-Jafar Ibn-Aljezzar=, Mahometan disciple of Isaac Israeli, =3=,
181.
=Abu Jafar Almansur=, caliph, imprisons Anan ben David, =3=, 129-30.
=Abu-Kariba Assad Toban=, king of Yemen, besieges Yathrib, =3=, 62.
convert to Judaism, =3=, 63.
end of, =3=, 63.
sons of, =3=, 64.
=Abulafia.= _See_ Abraham ben Samuel; Abulafia, Moses; Joseph ben
Todros; Levi ben Todros; Meïr ben Todros Halevi; Samuel ben
Meïr Allavi; Todros ben Joseph.
=Abulafia=, Marrano, agent of Ferdinand and Isabella, opposes the
Inquisition, =4=, 313.
burnt at the stake, =4=, 317.
=Abulafia, Moses=, accused of ritual murder, =5=, 636.
tortured, =5=, 636-7.
turns Mahometan, =5=, 638.
=Abulafia family=, the, of the nobility of Jewish Spain, =3=,
236; =4=, 116.
members of, perish during the Black Death, =4=, 113.
=Abul-Ala=, Arabic poet, =3=, 199.
=Abul Arab Ibn-Moïsha=, Mahometan theologian and poet, friend of
Maimonides, =3=, 456.
accuses Maimonides of apostasy from Islam, =3=, 474.
=Abul-Barkat Hibat-Allah ben Malka.= _See_ Nathaniel.
=Abulhassan=, king of Morocco, at war with Castile, =4=, 84.
=Abulhassan Abraham ben Meïr Ibn-Kamnial=, physician, vizir to the
Almoravide Ali, =3=, 312.
patron of Moses Ibn-Ezra, =3=, 320.
=Abulhassan Jehuda ben Samuel Halevi (Ibn-Allevi).= _See_
Jehuda Halevi.
=Abulhassan Jehuda Ibn-Ezra=, brother of Moses Ibn-Ezra, =3=, 318.
=Abulkasim Ibn-Alarif=, vizir of Habus, patron of Samuel Ibn-Nagrela,
=3=, 256.
=Abulkassim Mahomet.= _See_ Al-Mutamed.
=Abulmeni Abraham Maimuni.= _See_ Abraham Maimuni.
=Abulsari Sahal ben Mazliach Kohen=, propagandist for Karaism,
=3=, 203-5.
as controversialist, =3=, 204-5.
Hebrew style of, =3=, 204, 206.
=Abulvalid Mervan Ibn-Janach.= _See_ Jonah Marinus.
=Abu Mansur Samuel ben Chananya=, Nagid, invites Jehuda Halevi to
Cairo, =3=, 340-1.
successor of, =3=, 443.
=Abumelik=, leads a Moorish army against Castile, =4=, 84.
killed, =4=, 85.
=Abunassar Azaria=, son of Joseph Ibn-Nagrela, flees to Lucena, =3=,
279.
death of, =3=, 284.
=Abu-Sahal Ali= (835-853), medical writer, =3=, 146.
=Abusahal Dunash ben Tamim.= _See_ Dunash ben Tamim.
=Abu Said ben Chalfon Halevi=, friend of Jehuda Halevi, =3=, 340.
=Abu-Yussuf Chasdaï ben Isaac Ibn-Shaprut.= _See_ Chasdaï
Ibn-Shaprut.
=Abu-Yussuff Almansur=, Almohade prince, introduces a garb for
apostate Jews, =3=, 511-12.
=Abuzurj-Mihir=, inventor of chess, =3=, 7.
=Abydos=, Sabbataï Zevi imprisoned at, =5=, 148, 151.
enriched by the Sabbatians, =5=, 149.
=Academies, the Babylonian=, authority of the principals of, =2=, 547.
closed under Kobad, =3=, 4.
re-opened, =3=, 5.
work of, =3=, 6.
give religious instruction to the Arabian Jews, =3=, 59.
principals of, deposed by the Exilarchs, =3=, 91.
independent of each other in internal affairs, =3=, 96.
organization of, under the caliphs, =3=, 96-7.
office of the president of, not hereditary, =3=, 96.
meetings of, in Adar and Elul, =3=, 97.
income of, =3=, 97-8.
prayers for the departed at, =3=, 101.
the heads of, excommunicate Anan ben David, =3=, 134.
the Karaites on, =3=, 134-5.
and the election of the Exilarch, =3=, 137.
hold aloof from Islam theology, =3=, 148.
respect paid to, in the ninth century, =3=, 160.
_See also under_ Pumbeditha _and_ Sora.
=Academies, the Babylonian=, list of:
Firuz-Shabur,
Machuza,
Nahardea,
Nares,
Nisibis,
Pumbeditha,
Shekan-Zib,
Silhi,
Sora.
=Academies, the Palestinian=, origin of, =2=, 324.
established by the disciples of Jochanan ben Zakkai, =2=, 335.
frequented by Babylonian students, =2=, 511, 531.
decline of, =2=, 543, 548, 560.
method of, =2=, 557-8.
_See under_ Acbara; Bekiin; Cæsarea; Emmaus; Jamnia; Lydda;
Sepphoris; Tiberias; Schools.
=Academy at Jerusalem=, founded by the Vegas, =5=, 126.
=Academy of Sciences at Berlin=, prize of, won by Mendelssohn,
=5=, 303-4.
Mendelssohn proposed as member of, =5=, 308.
=Acbara=, seat of Jannaï’s academy, =2=, 470.
=Accho= (Acco; Acre; Ptolemais; St. Jean d’Acre), built by the
Canaanites, =1=, 3.
surrenders to Shalmaneser, =1=, 264.
fortifications of, destroyed by Ptolemy I, =1=, 417.
the inhabitants of, threaten the Galilean Judæans, =1=, 475.
Jonathan Haphus meets Demetrius at, =1=, 496.
Jonathan Haphus taken prisoner at, =1=, 499.
surrenders to Ptolemy VIII, =2=, 40.
Vespasian prepares for his Judæan campaign at, =2=, 285.
Talmudists in, in the twelfth century, =3=, 427.
Maimonides at, =3=, 456.
Nachmani at, =3=, 605.
Kabbalist center, =3=, 626.
Kabbalists of, burn the “Guide of the Perplexed,” =3=, 631.
Maimonides’ tomb at, desecrated, =3=, 631.
Maimunists in, =3=, 631.
David Maimuni at, =3=, 632-3.
the Jews of, blotted out, =3=, 650.
=Acha of Diphta=, proposed as principal of the Sora academy, =2=, 627.
=Acha ben Jacob=, on Chama of Nahardea, =2=, 595.
=Achaï bar Huna=, Amora, compiler of the Babylonian Talmud, =2=, 631.
=Achaia=, Paul establishes Christian communities in, =2=, 227.
=Achbâr=, teacher of the Law among the Arabic Jews, =3=, 59.
=Acher.= _See_ Elisha ben Abuya.
=Achiab=, prevents Herod from committing suicide, =2=, 116.
=Achish=, Philistine king, in friendly relations with David,
=1=, 101-2.
acknowledges David king, =1=, 108.
=Achitub=, grandson of Eli, high priest at Nob, =1=, 79.
=Achiya=, first Exilarch known, =2=, 509.
=Achiya.= _See also_ Chiya.
=Achmed I=, sultan, Jewish women under, =4=, 629, 630.
=Achmed Shaitan=, viceroy of Egypt, treachery of, =4=, 395.
avenges himself on the Jews of Cairo, =4=, 395-6.
=Achunaï.= _See_ Chananya.
=Acosta, Uriel= (Gabriel). _See_ Costa, Uriel da.
=Acra=, the, a part of Jerusalem, burnt by Titus, =2=, 308.
=Acra= (Acrapolis; Baris; Birah), the, the Temple citadel, built by
Nehemiah, =1=, 382, 524.
garrisoned by Scopas, =1=, 433.
Greek games taught in, =1=, 445.
refuge of the Hellenists, =1=, 454.
occupied by Menelaus, =1=, 470, 478.
besieged by Judas Maccabæus, =1=, 478.
Hellenists leave, =1=, 480.
reinforced by Bacchides, =1=, 491.
besieged by Jonathan Haphus, =1=, 496.
surrenders to Simon Tharsi, =1=, 523.
the towers of, taken down, =1=, 524.
called Birah, =1=, 524-5.
wife and children of Aristobulus II imprisoned in, =2=, 58.
called Antonia, =2=, 106.
_See_ Antonia.
=Acrabatene=, the Samaritans of, slaughtered by the Zealots, =2=, 243.
=Acrabattine=, the Idumæans driven out of, by Judas Maccabæus, =1=,
474.
invested by Simon bar Giora, =2=, 293.
=Acrapolis=, the. _See_ Acra, the.
=Acre.= _See_ Accho.
=Actian games=, the, introduced into Jerusalem, =2=, 105.
=Actium=, the battle of, won by Octavius, =2=, 96.
=Ada=, a Babylonian Amora, =2=, 579.
=Adalbert=, bishop of Prague, and the slave-trade of Jews, =3=, 305.
=Adam=, the book of, Sibylline chronicle, quoted, =2=, 462.
=Adam Kadmon=, Kabbalistic term, the original man, =5=, 121, 143.
=Adamantius=, apostate Jew in Alexandria, =2=, 619.
=Adams, Hannah=, history of the Jews by, =5=, 593.
=Adarsa=, the battle of, won by Judas Maccabæus, =1=, 485.
=Adath Jeshurun=, the body of advanced Jews in Amsterdam, innovations
of, =5=, 457.
=Aden=, the Jews of, in the twelfth century, =3=, 436.
=Adher-Baijan= (Aserbeidsan), Samuel Ibn-Abbas in, =3=, 442.
=Adher-Baijan, the Jews of=, in the twelfth century, =3=, 430-33.
urged to join David Alrui, =3=, 431.
followers of David Alrui, =3=, 433.
=Adiabene=, description of, =2=, 216.
the nobles of, conspire against Izates, =2=, 217-18.
the people of, friendly to the Judæans, =2=, 219.
in alliance with the Zealots, =2=, 256.
the royal house of, aids Judæa against Rome, =2=, 264.
the princes of, the only Judæan insurgents spared by Rome, =2=,
311.
conquered by Trajan, =2=, 393-4.
laid waste by Severus, =2=, 464.
=Adido=, Simon Tharsi assembles his forces at, =1=, 500.
=Adiya=, father of the poet Samuel, =3=, 68.
=Adnan=, ancestor of the Arabs, =3=, 61.
=Adolph of Nassau=, emperor, refuses to surrender Meïr of Rothenburg’
s body, =4=, 35.
war of, with Albrecht, =4=, 35.
death of, =4=, 36.
=Adonijah=, son of David, opposes Absalom, =1=, 135.
rebels, =1=, 151-4.
supporters of, =1=, 152.
royal display of, =1=, 152.
Nathan opposed to, =1=, 153.
acknowledged king, =1=, 153.
pays homage to Solomon, =1=, 154.
killed, =1=, 160.
=Adonim.= _See_ Dunash ben Labrat.
=Adoniram=, superintendent of the building of the first Temple, =1=,
163, 172.
accompanies Rehoboam to Shechem, =1=, 181.
killed, =1=, 182.
=Adonis=, Baal of the Phœnicians, =1=, 54.
statue of, worshiped at Bethlehem, =2=, 422.
=Adora=, Idumæan fortress, demolished by John Hyrcanus, =2=, 8.
=Adoyot=, the oldest Mishna compilation, =2=, 343, 460.
=Adraat=, chief town of Batanæa, =3=, 77.
Benu-Nadhir settle in, =3=, 79.
=Adrammelech=, son of Sennacherib, murders him, =1=, 280.
=Adramyttium=, treasure-house in, for the half-Shekel contributions,
=2=, 53.
=Adrianople=, Karaites move to, =4=, 269.
the Spanish exiles in, =4=, 405.
Joseph Karo at, =4=, 557.
Sabbataï Zevi at, =5=, 154-66.
Nathan Ghazati at, =5=, 158-9, 161.
Sabbatians of, devoted to Sabbataï, =5=, 163.
Cardoso at, =5=, 207.
Sabbatians in, =5=, 210.
=Adrianople, the Jews of=, divided into national groups, =4=, 478.
consider trading with Pesaro, =4=, 579.
=Adullam=, David at, =1=, 116.
=Adultery=, ritual for suspected cases of, abolished, =2=, 238.
laws against, inviolate, =2=, 424.
“=Advice= to the Representatives of the People,” by Van Swieden,
against the emancipation of the Dutch Jews, =5=, 453-4.
=Ælia Capitolina=, name of Jerusalem under Hadrian, =2=, 421-2.
=Ælius Hadrian.= _See_ Hadrian.
=Afia, Aaron=, scientist in Salonica, =4=, 405.
=Africa (northern)=, Karaites influential in, in the tenth
century, =3=, 207.
Jewish captives transported to, =3=, 213.
students from, at the Cordova Talmud school, =3=, 228.
part of the Fatimide Caliphate, =3=, 248.
Talmud authorities of, in the eleventh century, =3=, 248-9.
Abraham Ibn-Ezra in, =3=, 369.
asylum for persecuted Jews in the fifteenth century, =4=, 197-8.
the Sephardic liturgy adopted in, =4=, 198.
Portuguese conquests on the coast of, =4=, 218.
Marranos flee to, =4=, 318.
Spanish exiles in, =4=, 352, 358, 361-2, 389-96.
descendants of Portuguese Marranos in, =4=, 381.
Spanish spoken in, by the exiles, =4=, 389.
emigration of Portuguese Marranos to, forbidden, =4=, 508.
=Africa (northern), the Jews of=, conspire against the Visigothic
empire, =3=, 108.
aid Tarik, =3=, 109.
persecuted, =3=, 357-60, 451.
=Africa, Visigothic=, the Jews of, enjoy civil and political
equality, =3=, 45.
=Agada=, the, popular exposition of the Prophets and historical
writings, =2=, 328-9.
of Jochanan ben Zakkai, =2=, 329.
used by R. Meïr, =2=, 440.
the study of, preferred in Judæa, =2=, 540.
cultivated by the brothers of Rabba bar Nachmani, =2=, 575-6.
cultivated under Theodosius II, =2=, 623.
in the synagogue forbidden by Justinian I, =3=, 14.
manifests the spirit of Judaism, =3=, 15.
frequent use of, in the synagogues of the East, =3=, 16.
cultivated among the Arabic Jews, =3=, 59.
replaced by neo-Hebraic poetry, =3=, 116.
cultivated by Eleazar ben Kalir, =3=, 117.
studied by French and Italian Jews in the ninth century, =3=, 160.
used by Rashi, =3=, 288.
used by the Tossafists, =3=, 345.
effect of, on Asiatic Jews, =3=, 440.
contains philosophical doctrines according to Maimonides, =3=, 479.
reconciled with philosophy by Abraham Maimuni, =3=, 495.
rejected by Maimonides, =3=, 523, 533.
accepted literally by Solomon ben Abraham, =3=, 527-8.
view of, held by Nachmani, =3=, 533, 535, 599-600.
in the Kabbala, =3=, 549, 552.
used by Pablo Christiani, =3=, 599.
rationalized by Solomon ben Adret, =3=, 619.
used by Raymund Martin, =3=, 622.
authority of, =4=, 214.
declared without authority by Chayim Ibn-Musa, =4=, 237.
quoted, =4=, 242.
reviled by Aaron Margalita, =5=, 194.
used by Mannheimer, =5=, 581.
=Agag=, Amalekite king, defeated by Saul, =1=, 91-2.
killed, =1=, 93.
=Agape=, the meal of the Nazarenes, =2=, 223.
=Agen=, meeting-place of the Pastoureaux, =4=, 56.
=Agobard=, bishop of Lyons, incites rebellion again Louis the
Pious, =3=, 164.
refuses to restore a runaway slave to a Lyons Jew, =3=, 164.
tries to set Louis the Pious against the Jews, =3=, 165-8.
joins the conspiracy against the empress, =3=, 168.
successor to, =3=, 170.
=Agora-nomos=, inspector of markets, Abba-Areka appointed
as, =2=, 512.
choice of, left to the Jews, =2=, 616.
=Agriculture=, among the Jews of the Frankish and Burgundian
kingdoms, =3=, 35.
occupation of the Jews of Crissa, =3=, 424.
Jews restricted to, by Frederick II, =3=, 569.
occupation of the immigrants in Palestine, =4=, 74.
_See also_ Real estate.
=Agrigentum=, Jews in, in the sixth century, =3=, 28.
=Agrippa I= (10 B. C. E.-44 C. E.), grandson of Mariamne,
distinguished by Caligula, =2=, 175.
educated with the son of Tiberius, =2=, 175.
appointed to an office in Tiberias, =2=, 175.
courtier of the governor of Syria, =2=, 175.
supplanted by his brother, =2=, 175.
assisted by Alexander Lysimachus, =2=, 175-6.
kindly treated by Tiberius, =2=, 176.
imprisoned, =2=, 176.
released, =2=, 177.
king of Philip’s tetrarchy, =2=, 177.
accuses Herod Antipas of treachery to Caligula, =2=, 177.
ruler of Galilee and Peræa, =2=, 177.
rouses the resentment of the Alexandrian Greeks, =2=, 181-182.
and Caligula’s edict concerning images, =2=, 188-9.
king of all Palestine, =2=, 190.
coins in honor of, =2=, 190, 194.
change in the character of, =2=, 191.
popularity of, =2=, 191-2.
piety of, =2=, 192.
sends gifts to Athens, =2=, 193.
favors Cæsarea and Sebaste, =2=, 194.
plans of, for Judæa, =2=, 194-5.
hampered by Vibius Marsus, =2=, 195.
allied with Eastern princes, =2=, 195-6.
death of, =2=, 196.
memory of, insulted, =2=, 196-7.
=Agrippa II= (27-92), son of Agrippa I, proposed as king of
Judæa, =2=, 196.
introduces Judæan envoys to Claudius, =2=, 198.
prince of Chalcis, =2=, 235.
and his sister, =2=, 235.
titular king of Judæa, =2=, 236.
king of Philip’s tetrarchy, =2=, 245.
given four towns and Tiberias, =2=, 245-6.
accused of encroaching upon the privileges of the Temple
authorities, =2=, 247-8.
bribed to make Joshua ben Gamala high priest, =2=, 249.
summons all Judæans to Jerusalem for the Passover of 66, =2=, 251.
opposed to revolutionary measures, =2=, 257-8.
flees from Jerusalem, =2=, 258.
sends troops to Jerusalem, =2=, 259.
palace of, burnt, =2=, 260.
sends a contingent to the Roman army, =2=, 264-5.
Tiberias under, =2=, 273.
Varus, representative of, =2=, 274-5.
the inhabitants of Gamala revolt against, =2=, 275.
relation of, to Josephus, =2=, 278.
meets Vespasian, =2=, 285.
lacks patriotism, =2=, 288-9.
pays homage to Galba, =2=, 299.
helps Titus in the siege of Jerusalem, =2=, 302.
spectator at the death of Judæans in the arena of Cæsarea
Philippi, =2=, 312.
fall of, =2=, 317.
and Justus of Tiberias, =2=, 319-20.
alleviates the burdens of the conquered Jews, =2=, 332, 333.
Galilee given to, =2=, 333.
treatment of, by Titus, =2=, 388.
death of, =2=, 388.
=Agrippina=, wife of Claudius, favorable to the Herodians, =2=, 245.
=Aguilar, Baron de=, saves the Jews of Moravia from exorbitant
taxes, =5=, 252.
intercedes for the Moravian and Bohemian Jews, =5=, 253.
=Aguilar, de=, governor of Palma, asks for Gibraltar as a refuge for
Marranos, =4=, 282.
=Aguilar, Raphael Moses d’=, Sabbatian, =5=, 139, 160.
=Aguilar=, the Jews of, destroyed, =4=, 125.
=Ahab=, son of Omri, wife of, =1=, 194, 196-7.
ascends the throne of Israel, =1=, 196.
character of, =1=, 196.
builds an ivory palace, =1=, 201-2.
reproved by Elijah, =1=, 202-3.
a famine announced to, =1=, 203.
summons the priests of Baal to Carmel, =1=, 203-4.
stops the persecution of the prophets, =1=, 204.
imprisons Michaiah, =1=, 205.
ally of Ben-hadad II, =1=, 205.
ally of Jehoshaphat, =1=, 206.
death of, =1=, 206.
destruction of the house of, =1=, 211-12.
=Ahasuerus.= _See_ Xerxes.
=Ahaz=, king of Judah, character of, =1=, 257.
ally of Tiglath-Pileser, =1=, 258.
warned by Isaiah, =1=, 258-9.
introduces Assyrian idolatry into Judah, =1=, 260-1.
not buried in the royal mausoleum, =1=, 267.
=Ahaziah=, son of Ahab, reign of, over Israel, =1=, 206-7.
=Ahaziah=, son of Joram, king of Judah, killed by Jehu’s followers,
=1=, 211.
=Ahijah=, of Shiloh, prophet, at the consecration of the Temple, =1=,
167.
rebukes Solomon, =1=, 175.
prophesies success to Jeroboam, =1=, 175.
prophesies the end of Jeroboam’s line, =1=, 188.
=Ahikam=, father of Gedaliah, =1=, 319.
=Ahikam=, son of Shaphan, saves Jeremiah, =1=, 303.
=Ahimaaz=, messenger from Hushai to David, =1=, 143.
=Ahinoam=, wife of Saul, =1=, 95.
=Ahishar=, Solomon’s major-domo, =1=, 172.
=Ahithophel=, councilor of David, =1=, 122-3.
grandfather of Bathsheba, =1=, 133.
opposed to Solomon’s succession, =1=, 135.
plots with Absalom, =1=, 136, 138-43.
with Absalom in Jerusalem, =1=, 142.
advice of, rejected by Absalom, =1=, 143.
suicide of, =1=, 143.