Various representatives of the Commission were present.
Mr. SPECTER. And how long did those analysis sessions ordinarily last?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. They would normally last most of the day, about all
day.
Mr. SPECTER. And what would be done during the course of those
analytical sessions?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. In each case we would take the film and run it through
regular speed, slow motion, we would stop it on individual frames and
study it frame by frame, trying to see in the photographs anything that
would give any indication of a shot hitting its mark, a reaction of the
President, a reaction of Mr. Connally or Mrs. Connally, reaction of the
Secret Service agents, reaction of people in the crowd, relating it to
all the facts that we felt were important.
When we obtained the slides from Life magazine, we went through those
very thoroughly, because they gave so much more detail and were so
much clearer and analyzed again all these things about the reaction
of the President and Mr. Connally, trying to ascertain where he was
reacting--whether either one was reacting to being hit.
Of course the only shot that is readily apparent in any of the films,
and it appears in the Zapruder, the Nix, and the Muchmore films, is the
shot that hit the President in the head.
Mr. SPECTER. Why do you say that is readily apparent?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Because on the film there is practically an explosion
of his head and this is obviously the shot that hit the President in
the head. It is very apparent from the photograph.
Mr. SPECTER. Now, were any others present at any time, such as
witnesses who appeared before the Commission, during the analysis
sessions on these films and slides?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes.
On April 14, representatives of the Commission, FBI, and doctors--Dr.
Hume of the Navy, who is at Bethesda, Commander Boswell from the U.S.
Navy Medical School at Bethesda, Colonel Finck, Chief of the Wound
Ballistics Pathology of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology.
Mr. SPECTER. Are those the autopsy surgeons?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; that is my understanding. Dr. Olivier, from
Edgewood Arsenal, Dr. Light, from Edgewood Arsenal, were present also
with Dr. Humes and the others, on April 14.
Mr. SPECTER. Did any individuals who were present at the motorcade
itself ever have an opportunity to view the films and slides?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; on April 21, films were again viewed by
representatives of the Commission and the FBI, and at that time Drs.
Gregory and Shaw, from Parkland Hospital in Dallas, were available,
Drs. Light and Olivier, and a Dr. Dolce, and Governor and Mrs. Connally
were present.
And at all of the viewings, they were again reviewed frame by frame,
studied by the doctors to tie it in with their findings, studied by the
Parkland doctors, and studied by the Connallys, to try to tie in where
the shots occurred along the film.
Mr. SPECTER. I now hand you an album which has been marked as
Commission Exhibit No. 885.
(The document referred to was marked Commission Exhibit No. 885 for
identification.)
Mr. SPECTER. I ask you to state what that album depicts.
Mr. SHANEYFELT. This is an album that I prepared of black and white
photographs made of the majority of the frames in the Zapruder film----
Mr. SPECTER. Starting with what frame number?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Starting with frame 171, going through frame 334.
Mr. SPECTER. And why did you start with frame 171?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. This is the frame that the slides start from. This was
an arbitrary frame number that was decided on as being far enough back
to include the area that we wanted to study.
Mr. SPECTER. Is that a frame where President Kennedy comes into full
view after the motorcade turns left off of Houston onto Elm Street?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes, yes.
Mr. SPECTER. And how was the ending point of that frame sequence, being
No. 334, fixed?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. It was fixed as several frames past the shot that hit
the President in the head. Frame 313 is the frame showing the shot to
the President's head, and it ends at 334.
Mr. SPECTER. Are there any other photographs in that album in addition
to the Zapruder frames?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; there are. There are six photographs selected
at random from the Nix film, including frame 24, which is a frame
depicting the shot to the head of the President, and there are three
photographs picked at random from the Muchmore film, including frame
42, which is the frame depicting the head shot. These are the pictures
that were used in establishing the location of the Nix and Muchmore
cameras on location in Dallas. Frame 10, which is the first one of the
Nix series, is the one showing Mr. Zapruder standing on the projection.
Mr. SPECTER. And where was the viewing of the films and slides
undertaken?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. They have been viewed here at the Commission--all those
in addition to the ones I have made personally in the FBI Laboratory.
Mr. SPECTER. And was that down on the first floor of the VFW Building
here?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.
Mr. SPECTER. And was there any model available adjacent to the area
where the films were shown, for use in re-creating or reconstructing
the assassination events?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; the model was available and used.
Mr. SPECTER. Is that the model which has been described earlier this
afternoon by Inspector Gauthier?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.
Mr. SPECTER. Were you present on May 24 in Dallas, Tex.?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes.
Mr. SPECTER. And what, if anything, was done at the site of the
assassination on that date?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. On May 24, 1964, representatives of the Commission,
Secret Service, and FBI reenacted the assassination, relocated specific
locations of the car on the street based on the motion pictures, and in
general staged a reenactment.
Mr. SPECTER. Who was present at that time representing the Commission?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. The Commission was represented by Mr. Rankin, Mr.
Specter, and Mr. Redlich.
Mr. SPECTER. And who was present at that time from the FBI?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. I was present, Inspector Gauthier was present,
Inspector J. R. Malley was present, Special Agent R. A. Frazier was
present, with some aids, assistants.
Mr. SPECTER. Other aids from the FBI were also present?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; in addition, there were several agents from the
Dallas office of the Federal Bureau of Investigation who assisted.
Mr. SPECTER. And were there representatives of the Secret Service
participating in that onsite testing?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; there were. Inspector Kelley was present, Agent
John Howlett was present, the driver of the car, or the Secret Service
agent whose name I do not recall----
Mr. SPECTER. George Hickey?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.
Mr. SPECTER. And at what time did the onsite test start?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. They started at 6 o'clock Sunday morning.
Mr. SPECTER. Why was that time selected?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. The time was selected because of the traffic in the
area. The Dallas Police Department recommended that that would be the
most logical time to do it, causing the least problem with traffic.
Mr. SPECTER. At what time did the onsite tests conclude?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. They concluded about 1 o'clock, 12:45 to 1 o'clock.
Mr. SPECTER. Was there any subsequent testing done in Dallas on that
day?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; there was.
Mr. SPECTER. And where was that testing undertaken?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. There was some testing done in a railway express agency
garage nearby the assassination site.
Mr. SPECTER. At what time did that start?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That started at 3 p.m., and lasted until 5:30 p.m.
Mr. SPECTER. Where were the various individuals positioned who
participated in these onsite tests at the outset, at, say, 6 a.m., on
the 24th of May?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. At the very beginning, at 6 a.m., Mr. Rankin and
Mr. Specter were in the sixth floor window of the Texas School Book
Depository Building, which is the southeast corner of the building,
sixth floor window, which was referred to as our control point, and
where we had the master radio control for the other units.
Mr. Redlich was on the street with the car. At the car on the street
were the occupants of the car, the Secret Service driver, Mr. Hickey,
an agent from the FBI, who handled radio contact with control, Agents
Anderton and Williams in the President's and Connally's seats, Mr.
Gauthier and his aids, a surveyor, and I, were all on the ground in the
vicinity of the car.
Agent Frazier was in the window of the Book Building at the control
point with the rifle that was found at the window following the
assassination.
Mr. SPECTER. Now, was that rifle found at the window or in another
location on the sixth floor?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. In another location on the sixth floor.
Mr. SPECTER. And that is the Mannlicher-Carcano rifle which was
heretofore identified as Commission Exhibit No. 139?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.
Mr. SPECTER. And where were you positioned on most of the occasions at
the time of the onsite tests?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. For the first portion of them, I was at the car in the
street, and at the position of Mr. Zapruder, the position from which he
took his pictures.
Mr. SPECTER. What communications were available, if any, among the
participants at the various locations heretofore described?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. We had radio contact between all points.
Mr. SPECTER. What was the starting position of the car at the most
easterly position on Elm Street, immediately after turning off Houston
Street?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. The first position we established that morning was
frame 161.
Mr. SPECTER. Was there not a position established prior in sequence to
frame 161, specifically that designated as position A?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That was actually established later. But the first one
to be actually located was 161. And we went back later and positioned
point A.
Mr. SPECTER. Well, let's start with the position which is the most
easterly point on Elm Street, which I believe would be position A,
would it not?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes.
Mr. SPECTER. Have you a photographic exhibit depicting that position?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; in each of the positions that we established,
we used, insofar as possible, the Zapruder pictures to establish the
position, or we established it from the window, and made photographs
from the position Mr. Zapruder was standing in.
Mr. SPECTER. This chart has been marked as Commission Exhibit No. 886.
(The document referred to was marked Commission Exhibit No. 886 for
identification.)
Mr. SHANEYFELT. This shows the photograph that was made from the point
where Zapruder was standing looking toward the car, and is a point that
we have designated as position A because it is in a position that did
not appear on the Zapruder film.
The Zapruder film does not start until the car gets farther down Elm
Street.
Mr. SPECTER. What is that exhibit number?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Exhibit No. 886.
Mr. SPECTER. And why was that location selected for the position of the
car?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. This location was selected as the first point at which
a person in the sixth floor window of the Book Building at our control
point could have gotten a shot at the President after the car had
rounded the corner from Houston to Elm.
Mr. SPECTER. And what position is station C?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Station C is on a line drawn along the west curb line
of Houston Street in a direct line, and station C is at a point along
that line that is in line with where the car would have turned coming
around that corner. It is on a line which is an extension of the west
curb line of Houston Street.
Mr. DULLES. Where is position A on that chart?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Position A is here.
Mr. McCLOY. That is before you get to the tree?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; he isn't under the tree yet.
Mr. SPECTER. And what occupant, if any, in the car is position A
sighted on for measuring purposes?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. All of the photographs made through the rifle sight
that are shown on the exhibit in the lower left-hand corner were
sighted on the spot that was simulating the spot where the President
was wounded in the neck. The chalk mark is on the back of the coat.
Mr. SPECTER. When you say that position A is the first position at
which President Kennedy was in view of the marksman from the southeast
window on the sixth floor of the School Book Depository Building, you
mean by that the first position where the marksman saw the rear of the
President's stand-in?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.
Mr. SPECTER. So that would be the first position where the marksman
could focus in on the circled point where the point of entry on the
President was marked?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.
Mr. SPECTER. Could the marksman then have taken a shot at the President
at any prior position and have struck him with the point of entry on
that spot, on the base of the President's neck?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. I don't quite understand the question.
Mr. SPECTER. Was there any prior position, that is a position before
position A, where the marksman from the sixth floor could have fired
the weapon and have struck the President at the known point of entry at
the base of the back of his neck?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. No; because as the car moves back, you lose sight of
the chalk mark on the back of his coat.
Mr. SPECTER. And what is the distance between that point on the
President and station C?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is 44 feet from station C--91.6 feet to the rifle
in the window from the actual chalk mark on the coat. All measurements
were made to the chalk mark on the coat.
Mr. SPECTER. On the coat of the President?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.
Mr. SPECTER. The President's stand-in?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Right. The angle to the rifle in the window was 40°10´.
Mr. SPECTER. And what is the other data?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. The distance to the overpass was 447 feet, and
the angle to the overpass was minus O°27´; that is, 27´ below the
horizontal.
Senator COOPER. May I ask a question there? How did you establish the
location of the rifle in making those calculations?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. The location of the rifle was established on the basis
of other testimony and information furnished to us by the Commission,
photographs taken by the Dallas Police Department immediately after the
assassination, and the known opening of the window.
It was an estimation of where the rifle most likely was based on the
knowledge that the Commission has through testimony.
Mr. SPECTER. Senator Cooper, Mr. Frazier is present and has been sworn,
and he is going to identify that. He could do it at this time, to
pinpoint that issue.
Senator COOPER. I think we can just make a note of that, and go ahead
with this witness.
Mr. SPECTER. Fine. We will proceed then with this witness and Mr.
Frazier will testify in due course.
Mr. SHANEYFELT. I might say that this position was determined by Mr.
Frazier in the window. We moved the car around until he told us from
the window, viewing through the rifle, the point where he wanted the
car to stop. And he was the one in the window that told us where the
point A was. Once we established that, we then photographed it.
Mr. DULLES. Could he see the mark on the back of the coat from the
window?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; through the rifle scope, he could see the mark.
Mr. SPECTER. Does the picture designated "photograph through rifle
scope" depict the actual view of the rifleman through the actual
Mannlicher-Carcano weapon?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct. At point A.
Senator COOPER. When Mr. Frazier testifies, then, will he correlate
this photograph with a frame from photographs taken of the actual
motorcade at the time of the assassination?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. No; we cannot correlate this with a frame from the
motion picture because Mr. Zapruder didn't start taking pictures until
the car had passed this point.
So we, therefore, on this frame and for the next two or three points,
have no picture from Mr. Zapruder, since he wasn't taking pictures at
that time.
Mr. DULLES. Off the record.
(Discussion off the record.)
Mr. DULLES. Back on the record.
Do I understand that you are not suggesting that a shot was necessarily
fired at this point A, but this was the first point where this
particular vision of the President's back could have been obtained?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct. It is only an arbitrary point showing
the first possible shot that could have entered the President's coat at
this chalk mark.
Representative FORD. What criteria did you use for determining that you
could see the chalk mark? Was the criteria a part or the whole of the
chalk mark?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. The actual manner in which it was set up--let me see if
this answers your question. As we moved the car around, Mr. Frazier was
in the window looking through the actual scope of the rifle, and could
see very clearly the President or the man taking the President's place,
as the car moved around.
And the instant that he could first see that chalk mark is the point
where he radioed to us to stop the car, and is the first point at which
a shot could be fired that would go in where the chalk mark is located.
Mr. DULLES. And that is point A?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is point A. Does that answer your question?
Representative FORD. I think it does. Is that picture in the lower
left-hand corner of Exhibit No. 886 an actual photograph taken through
the sight of the weapon that was allegedly used in the assassination?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.
Representative FORD. And the chalk mark we see there is through that
sight?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct. And that is exactly what an individual
looking through the sight would see.
Mr. SPECTER. Then at point A, could the rifleman see the entire back
of the President's stand-in as well as the specific chalk mark, as
depicted on the exhibit?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. He could see only a portion of the back.
Mr. SPECTER. And the portion, which he could not see, is that which is
below the seat level?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes.
Mr. DULLES. You didn't say the President's stand-in, did you?
Mr. SPECTER. Yes; stand-in.
Mr. Shaneyfelt, for purposes of illustration would you produce the
photograph at this time showing the mounting of the motion picture
camera on the weapon found on the sixth floor?
I now hand you a photograph which is being marked as Commission Exhibit
No. 887 and ask you to state for the record who that is a picture of,
and what else is in the photograph.
(The document referred to was marked Commission Exhibit No. 887 for
identification.)
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Commission Exhibit No. 887 is a picture of me that was
taken on May 24, 1964. My location was at the sixth floor window of the
Texas School Book Depository that we have designated as our control
point. I have the rifle that is the assassination rifle mounted on a
tripod, and on the rifle is mounted an Arriflex 16-mm. motion picture
camera, that is alined to take photographs through the telescopic sight.
This Arriflex motion picture camera is commonly known as a reflex
camera in that as you view through the viewfinder a prism allows
you to view directly through the lens system as you are taking your
photographs so that as I took the photographs looking into the
viewfinder I was also looking through the scope and seeing the actual
image that was being recorded on the film.
Mr. SPECTER. Was the view recorded on the film as shown on Exhibit No.
886 the actual view which would have been seen had you been looking
through the telescopic sight of the Mannlicher-Carcano itself?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes.
Mr. SPECTER. How did you determine the level and angle at which to hold
the rifle?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. I placed the rifle in the approximate position based
on prior knowledge of where the boxes were stacked and the elevation
of the window and other information that was furnished to me by
representatives of the Commission.
Mr. DULLES. You used the same boxes, did you, that the assassin had
used?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. No; I did not.
Mr. SPECTER. Were those boxes used by Mr. Frazier.
Mr. SHANEYFELT. They were used by Mr. Frazier and used in making the
measurements. I had to use a tripod because of the weight of the camera
and placed the elevation of the rifle at an approximate height in a
position as though the boxes were there.
Mr. SPECTER. Was Mr. Frazier present at the time you positioned the
rifle on the tripod?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; he was.
Mr. SPECTER. Did he assist in describing for you or did you have
an opportunity to observe the way he held a rifle to ascertain the
approximate position of the rifle at that time?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.
Mr. SPECTER. May it please the Commission, we will, with Mr.
Frazier, indicate, the reasons he held the rifle in the way he did
to approximate the way we believe it was held at the time of the
assassination.
What is the next position which has been depicted on one of your
exhibits, please.
Mr. SHANEYFELT. The next position that we established during the
reenactment is frame 161 of the Zapruder motion picture film.
Mr. SPECTER. Permit me to mark that if you would as Commission Exhibit
No. 888.
(Commission Exhibit No. 888 was marked for identification.)
Mr. SHANEYFELT. This position which has been designated by us as frame
161 and as Commission Exhibit No. 888, was established as the last
position that the car could be in where the rifleman in the window
could get a clear shot of the President in the car before the car went
under the covering of the tree.
Mr. SPECTER. How was that position located, from the ground or from the
sixth floor?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. This was positioned by Mr. Frazier in the sixth floor
window. In addition we knew from the Zapruder photographs the relative
position of the car in the street as related to the curb and the
guidelines or the lane lines.
Following those lane lines we then moved the car down to a point where
Mr. Frazier radioed to us that it was the last point at which he could
get a clear shot and we stopped the car there.
Mr. SPECTER. How did you then select the appropriate frame from the
Zapruder film?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. After Mr. Frazier had stationed the car at this
point, I then went to the position of Mr. Zapruder. Based on his
motion pictures, a comparison of the photograph that we made with the
photograph from the film, I was able to state that because of the
relative position of the car in the street and in relation to other
objects in the background, it corresponded to frame 161 of the motion
picture.
Mr. SPECTER. Do you have on Exhibit No. 888 a reproduction of frame 161?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; the upper left-hand corner is a reproduction of
the frame 161 of the Zapruder motion picture. The picture on the upper
right is a photograph that I made with a speed graphic camera from
Zapruder's position of the car reestablished in that location. The
photograph in the lower left-hand corner, is a photograph of the view
through the rifle scope that Mr. Frazier saw at the time he positioned
the car there. This is the view that you would obtain from looking
through the rifle scope from the sixth floor window.
Mr. SPECTER. Was the automobile in exactly the same position at the
time of the taking of the "photograph through rifle scope" and the
"photograph from reenactment"?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; approximately the same. We went through all
stations with Mr. Frazier in the window and I took photographs from Mr.
Zapruder's position, and once establishing a frame position, we marked
it clearly in the street. After we had taken all of the photographs
from Zapruder's position, we then took the car back, and went to the
sixth floor window and mounted the motion picture camera on the rifle.
These photographs were made by rolling the car in the same position
based on the marks we had in the street so it was as accurate as could
be done in the same position.
Mr. DULLES. There is no one sitting in that right-hand corner of the
rear seat, is there in that picture?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; the person taking President Kennedy's place is
sitting in the back seat.
Mr. DULLES. Yes; I see it. It is rather hard to see through the trees.
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; we moved it up to a point where the chalk mark was
just about to disappear on the street.
Mr. DULLES. I don't think I see the chalk mark maybe someone else can.
Mr. SHANEYFELT. It may be covered by the crosshair of the rifle scope.
Representative FORD. In that picture photographed through the rifle
scope on Exhibit No. 888 a man standing in for Governor Connally is
also in the car, is he not?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct. He is mostly hidden by the tree.
Mr. DULLES. Yes; I see.
Mr. SPECTER. Was there any difference between the position of President
Kennedy's stand-in and the position of President Kennedy on the day of
the assassination by virtue of any difference in the automobiles in
which each rode?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; because of the difference in the automobiles there
was a variation of 10 inches, a vertical distance of 10 inches that
had to be considered. The stand-in for President Kennedy was sitting
10 inches higher and the stand-in for Governor Connally was sitting 10
inches higher than the President and Governor Connally were sitting and
we took this into account in our calculations.
Mr. SPECTER. Was any allowance then made in the photographing of the
first point or rather last point at which the spot was visible on the
back of the coat of President Kennedy's stand-in before passing under
the oak tree?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; there was. After establishing this position,
represented by frame 161, where the chalk mark was about to disappear
under the tree, we established a point 10 inches below that as the
actual point where President Kennedy would have had a chalk mark on his
back or where the wound would have been if the car was 10 inches lower.
And we rolled the car then sufficiently forward to reestablish the
position that the chalk mark would be in at its last clear shot before
going under the tree, based on this 10 inches, and this gave us frame
166 of the Zapruder film.
Mr. SPECTER. What Commission Exhibit number has been affixed to that?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. This is Commission Exhibit No. 889.
(Commission Exhibit No. 889 was marked for identification.)
Mr. DULLES. Is that 10 inches difference due to the difference in the
two cars?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.
Mr. DULLES. That is the President's--the car the President was in and
the car you had to use for this particular test?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct.
Mr. SPECTER. On Exhibit No. 889, is the car in the same position on
the "photograph through rifle scope" as it is on "photograph from
reenactment"?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. That is correct, the same position.
Mr. SPECTER. And what is the comparison between the photograph
from Zapruder film on that Exhibit No. 889 and the photograph from
reenactment?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. The car is in the same position relative to the
surrounding area in both the reenactment photograph and the Zapruder
photograph.
Incidentally, the position that was used throughout all of the
positioning of the car was the President's. His placement in the
photograph, and this will be clearer in some of the later photographs,
if the President's head was directly under a stop sign or a street sign
or whatever, in the background, this was then the way we positioned the
car with the person standing in for the President directly below or
slightly to the side or directly below the stop sign and so on; so all
of the calculations were based upon the position of the President.
Mr. SPECTER. Before leaving frame 161, finally, would you recite the
distances which appear from the various points on that exhibit?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes.
At the position that has been designated as frame 161, and appears
on Commission Exhibit No. 888, the distance from the wound mark on a
stand-in for President Kennedy to station C was 94.7 feet.
The distance to the rifle in the window was 137.4 feet, the angle to
the window was 26°58' based on the horizontal line, the distance to the
overpass was 392.4 feet, and the angle to the overpass was minus 0°7´.
Mr. SPECTER. Are all angles calculated thereon based on the horizontal?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes.
Mr. SPECTER. Was there any street angle taken into consideration in the
calculations here?
Mr. SHANEYFELT. Yes; there is a 3° street grade that has to be deducted
from the angle to the window to determine the actual angle from the
street to the window as opposed to the horizon.