[1] Previous census reports of the total population were as follows:
(1810) 2540; (1820) 9642; (1830) 24,831; (1840) 46,338; (1850)
115,435; (1860) 161,044; (1870) 216,239; (1880) 225,139. In the
territory within a radius of 10 m. of the United States government
building there was in 1900 a population of about 480,000.
[2] The most destructive floods have been those of 1832, 1847, 1883,
1884 and 1907; the highest stage of the water before 1904 was 71 ft.
¾ in. in 1884, the lowest 1 ft. 11 in. in 1881.
[3] The Cincinnati Southern railway is of especial interest in that
it was built by the city of Cincinnati in its corporate capacity.
Much of the city's trade had always been with the Southern states,
and the urgent need of better facilities for this trade than the
river and existing railway lines afforded led to the building of
this road by the city. The work was carried on under the direction
of a board of five trustees appointed by the superior court of
Cincinnati in accordance with the so-called Ferguson Act passed by
the Ohio legislature in 1869, and the railway was completed to
Chattanooga in February 1880. For accounts of the building and the
management of the railway, see J.H. Hollander, _The Cincinnati
Southern Railway; A Study in Municipal Activity_ (Baltimore, 1894),
one of the Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and
Political Science; and _The Founding of the Cincinnati Southern
Railway, with an Autobiographical Sketch by E.A. Ferguson_
(Cincinnati, 1905).
[4] Before 1863 Cincinnati was the principal centre in the United
States for the slaughtering of hogs and the packing of pork. The
industry began as early as 1820 and rapidly increased in importance,
but after 1863 Chicago took the lead.
[5] These figures are from the U.S. census, and are of course for
Cincinnati proper: some of the largest industrial establishments,
however, are just outside the city limits--among these are
manufactories of soap (the Ivory Soap Works), machine tools,
electrical machinery and appliances, structural and architectural
iron work, and office furnishings.