{411}
Black.
+---------------------------------------+
| #R | | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
| | | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
| #Q | | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
| | | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
| | | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
| | ^P | | | | | | #K |
|---------------------------------------|
| | ^R | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
| | | | | | | ^Q | ^K |
+---------------------------------------+
White.
FIG. 13.
[BLACK TO MOVE AND DRAW.]
In the majority of games, either one or the other player remains at the
close with a pawn, which has to be queened. Fig. 13 illustrates an ending
in which White is a pawn ahead, and if he had the move, would win with 1. R
to R 2, checkmate. It being, however, Black's turn to move, he is able to
exchange both Queen and Rook, and if he can stop White's pawn from reaching
the 8th square and becoming a Queen, he may draw the game. There {412} is a
simple method of ascertaining this at a glance without calculation (by
means of the imaginary "square" depicted in Fig. 14). Black forces the
exchange of pieces thus:
{413}
WHITE. BLACK.
... 1. Q to B 3: ch.
2. Q to Kt 2: ch. 2. Q takes Q: ch.
3. R takes Q 3. R to R 8: ch.
4. R to Kt sq. 4. R takes R: ch.
5. K takes R ...
Black.
+---------------------------------------+
| | +-|----|----|----|----|-+ | |
|-------|-----------------------|-------|
| | | | | | | | | | |
|-------|-----------------------|-------|
| | | | | | | | | | |
|-------|-----------------------|-------|
| | | | | | | | | | |
|-------|-----------------------|-------|
| | | | | | | | | | |
|-------|-----------------------|-------|
| | ^P-|----|----|----|----|-+ | #K |
|---------------------------------------|
| | | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
| | | | | | | ^K | |
+---------------------------------------+
White.
FIG. 14.
[BLACK TO MOVE AND DRAW.]
Producing the position shown in Fig. 14; and Black draws; for the Black
King can reach the pawn before the White King can approach to defend it.
Consequently White can only advance the pawn; but the Black King will be
able to stop it from queening, for his next move will bring him _within_
{414} _the square_ (indicated above) in which the pawn stands, and in such
case he can always overtake it. Thus--
WHITE. BLACK.
... 5. K to Kt 6
6. P to Kt 4 6. K to B 5
7. P to Kt 5 7. K to K 4
8. P to Kt 6 8. K to Q 3
9. P to Kt 7 9. K to B 2
And the pawn is lost. It will be seen that the Black King remains with
every move _within the square_ of the pawn.
Black.
+---------------------------------------+
| | | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
| | | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
| | | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
| | | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
| | | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
| | #K | | | | | | |
|---------------------------------------|
| | | | | | | ^P | |
|---------------------------------------|
| | | ^K | | | | | |
+---------------------------------------+
White.
FIG. 15.
[WHITE TO MOVE AND WIN.]
Fig. 15 illustrates a position in which the pawn can be supported by the
King. Here if White were at once to advance the pawn, the Black King would
move _within the square_ of the pawn and capture it. Therefore the King
must go to protect it.
1. K to Q 2 1. K to B 5
2. K to K 3 2. K to Q 4
3. K to B 4 3. K to K 3
4. K to Kt 5 4. K to B 2
5. K to R 6 5. K to Kt sq.
6. P to Kt 4 6. K to R sq.
7. P to Kt 5 7. K to Kt sq.
8. K to Kt 6 8. K to R sq.
9. K to B 7 ...
If Black had played 8. ... K to B sq., White would have played 9. K to R 7.
... 9. K to R 2
10. P to Kt 6: ch.