Officer. Condition. at Verdun. Capture. of the
Termination of
his
Imprisonment at
Verdun.
POST-CAPTAINS AND COMMANDERS
Jahleel Brenton Post-Captain, 15th Dec. 1803 3rd July 1803 Tours 31st Oct.
_Minerve_ 1805; returned
to England
Simon Miller Do., _Hostage_ 18th Dec. do.
Ed. Lov Gower Do., _Shannon_ 10th Jan. 1804 10th Dec. 1803 Returned to
England 21st
May 1806
Henry Gordon Commander, 1st June do. 24th Mar. 1804 Melun 10th May;
_Woolverene_ escaped Nov.
1810
Will. Lyall Post-Captain, 10th Aug. 1805
Passenger in a
packet
Dan. Woodriff Do., _Calcutta_ 18th Feb. 1806 Returned to
England 1807
Sir Thos. Lavie Do., _Blanche_ 20th April 1807 4th Mar. 1807 Melun 1811
Chs. Strachey Commander, 29th June do. 19th May do.
_Dauntless_
Ch. Otter Post-Captain, 7th April 1809 28th Feb. 1809
_Proserpine_
Fr. W. Fane Do., _Cambrian_ 29th Jan. 1811 18th Dec. 1810 England 1811
Benj. Walker Do., Passenger 14th Mar. do. 1st Feb. 1811
Merchantman
God. Commander, 26th April do. 12th Mar. 1811
Blemverhapet _Challenger_
Hen. Fanshaw Do., 7th Feb. 1812 25th Dec. 1811
_Grasshopper_
John Joyce Post-Captain, 17th do. 28th Jan. do.
_Manilla_
Frederick Commander, 27th May do. 3rd May do.
Hoffman _Apelles_
LIEUTENANTS, SUB-LIEUTENANTS
J. Lucas Yeo Lieutenant, 20th Nov. 1803 England parole
_Hostage_ 1804
W. H. Dillon Do., 13th Dec. 1803 25th July 1803 England 1807
_Africaine_
Jno. Fennell Do., _Minerve_ 15th Dec. do. 3rd July do.
Wm. Fitzgerald Do., do.
Wm. Walpole Paris 1807,
then to England
Lewis Nanny A Détenu 17th Dec. 1803 Escaped Arras
1807
T. L. Prescott Do. Do. Escaped 1813
T. P. Crosdale Do. Do. Escaped 1811
G. Gratrix Lieut., 24th Dec. 1803
_Cruiser_
Jno. Lambert Do., _Shannon_ 10th Jan. 1804 Dec. 1803
Rod. T. Douglas Do., do. England by
Russia 1809
G. A. Simer Do., do. Died 1806
Jno. Mackenzie Do., Aug. 1803
_Maidstone_
A. W. Thomas Do., _Grappler 30th Dec. 1803
Gp._
Richard Pridham Do., _Hussar_ 25th Mar. 1804 10th Feb. 1804
H. T. Lutwidge Do., do.
Edward Barker Do., do. Killed in a
duel 18th Feb.
1810
Philip Do., 25th Mar. 1804 Escaped 1810;
Levesconte _Magnificent_ died 1850
Geo. Ingham Do., 24th Mar. 1804
_Woolverine_
James Wallis Do., _El 8th May 1804 Escaped 10th
Vincego_ July 1813; died
1850
T. S. Hall Do., do.
T. W. Miles Do., _Mallard_ 25th Dec. 1804 Killed in duel
13th July 1806
Francis Bassan Do., _Bouncer_ 22nd Feb. 1805 Died 1811
Aug. Donaldson Do., 4th Jan. 1805 Died
_Folkestone_
R. B. Cooban Lieutenant, 19th Jan. 1805 Died 1810
_Arthur_
W. C. C. Do., _Rattler_ 4th Jan. do. Left for
Dalzell Greenwich,
England 1813
G. L. Ker Do., _Tearer_ 16th July do. Died 1809
G. S. Bourne Sub-Lieutenant,
do.
Wm. Richards Do., _Plumper_
G. S. Wingate Lieutenant, 10th Nov. 1805
_Biter_
Thos. Scandlan Sub-Lieutenant, Escaped 1811
do.
Thos. Innes Lieutenant, 14th Nov. 1805
_Woodlark_
Richard C. Ross Sub-Lieutenant,
do.
Jno. Essel Do., _Archer_ Killed in
escaping from
Bitche
J. Cotham Penny Lieutenant, 19th July 1805
_Ranger_
W. Spence Do., do. Died at Verdun
1809
Alen Bozark Do., _Dove_ 5th Aug. 1805
T. G. Westlake Sub-Lieutenant,
do.
W. Tuckey Lieutenant,
_Calcutta_
Richard Donovon Do., do. 26th Sept. 1805
John Collas Do., do. Do.
Nich. Wray Do., _Venus_ Do. Died at Verdun
1809
Rich. Ross Sub-Lieutenant, Do. Escaped 1807
_Rapid_
Will. Richards Lieutenant, 12th Oct. 1806
_Constance_
Molyn. Shuldham Do., _Adder_ 9th Dec. 1806
Edward Johnson Do., _Magpie_ 18th Feb. 1807
Robt. Basten Do., _Blanche_ 4th Mar. 1807
Will. Apreece Do., do. Do.
James Allan Do., do. Do.
G. M. Higginson Do., _Pigmy_ 5th Mar. 1807
John McDougal Do., Passenger
Will. Japper Do., 19th May 1807
_Dauntless_
W. B. Fabien Acting, do. Do.
Will. Arnold Lieu., Do.
_Inconstant_
Robt. Crosbie Do., 19th Oct. 1807
_Trompeuse_
Matt. Young Do., do. Do.
W. I. Dixon Sub-Lieutenant, Do.
_Conflict_
John Bingham Lieutenant, Do.
_Endymion_
John Carslake Do., 28th Feb. 1809
_Proserpine_
R. P. Rigby Do., do. Do.
V. W. H. Bogle Do., do. Do.
I. H. Sanders Do., _Statira_ 2nd June 1809
C. C. Owen Do., 26th July 1809 Escaped 21st
_Dreadnought_ Mar. 1810
Allen Stewart Do., _Alceste_
W. C. Jervoise Do., do. Do.
Alex. Davidson Sub., _Bruizer_ 3rd Nov. 1808
Wm. Miln Lieu., 18th Jan. 1808
_Carrier_
Chas. Stewart Do., _Jackall_ 29th May 1807
Thos. Smith Do., _Lyra_ 28th Oct. 1809
Henry Conn Do., _Junon_ 13th Dec. 1809 Escaped 22nd
Sept. 1812
Evelyn Norio Do.,
_Goldfinch_
Daniel Nuller Do., _Racer_ 28th Oct. 1810
Francis Duval Do., _Unité_ To England
Gilbert Do., _Minorca_ 27th Nov. 1810
Kennicott
G. W. Brown Do., Passenger 1st Feb. 1811
John Taylor Do., _Reynard_
Robert Snell Do., _Minotaur_ 23rd Dec. 1810
G. P. Cowley Do., 12th Mar. 1811
_Challenger_
Joseph Miller Do., do. Do.
Geo. Norton Do., 18th Feb. 1807
_Inveterate_
Thos. Connell Do., 12th June 1811 Died 28th Aug.
_Téméraire_ in consequence
of a wound
received in a
duel with
Captain Penrice
on the 13th
Geo. V. Jackson Lieutenant, 13th Dec. 1809
_Junon_
Henry Taylor Do., _Olympia_ 2nd Mar. 1811
Henry Do., _Snapper_ 14th July 1811
Thrackston
Henry Guy Sub., do. Do.
James Brown Lieu., 11th Oct. 1811
_Sceptre_
Edmond Do., 25th Dec. 1811
Stackpoole _Conquistador_
John Hawkins Do., 25th Dec. 1811
_Grasshopper_
Alex. McKnockie Do., do. Do.
J. L. Robins Do., _Manilla_ 28th Jan. 1812
J. G. Wigley Do., do. Do.
Fredrick Lloyd Do., do. Do.
John Brine Do., _Laurel_ 31st Jan. 1812
Chas. Green Do., do. Do.
W. W. P. Do., _Curaçoa_ 20th May 1812
Johnson
Chas. Simeon Do., do. Do.
R. J. Gunnell Sub., _Martial_ 12th Nov. 1812
John Tracey Lieu., _Linnet_ 27th Feb. 1813
Geo. Smithers Do.,
_Goldfinch_
MASTERS, PILOTS, AND SECOND MASTERS
Thos. Price Pilot, 3rd July 1803
_Minerve_
Henry Gooch Master, 10th Dec. do.
_Shannon_
Henry Edwards 2nd Master, 4th Aug. do.
_Redbridge_
Jas. Dillon Master, 24th Mar. 1804 Died at Verdun
_Woolverene_ 15th May 1805
G. L. Bishop Do., 23rd May 1804
_Constance_
Caleb Hiller Ac.-M., 8th May 1804
_Vincego_
Richard Skinner Do., Pass, 1st Aug. do. Escaped 1808
_Serapis_
Thos. James Pilot, 24th Mar. do.
_Woolverene_
Philip Bandains Do. _Grappler_ 30th Dec. 1803
Will. Cochran Master, 3rd July do. Died Verdun
_Minerve_ 30th Nov. 1807
Geo. Brown 2nd Master, 25th Dec. 1804 Escaped 22nd
_Mallard_ May 1811
Jas. Ayles Pilot, do. Died Sarrelibre
1807
Fras. Rebour _Teazer_ 16th July 1805
Jno. le Pilot, Died Sarrelibre
Rougetelle _Plumper_
John Beatson 2nd Master, 14th Nov. 1805
_Woodlark_
John Steedman Pilot
Benj. Hazell Master, 19th July do.
_Ranger_
David Beynon 2nd Master, 28th Feb. 1806
_Minx_
Hugh Ross Pilot, _Ranger_ 19th July 1805
Joseph Giles 2nd Master, 16th Sept. 1806
_Rapid_
Fras. Hernaman Do., _United 9th Dec. 1806
Brothers_
John McDougal Master, _Pigmy_ 5th Mar. 1807
Henry Fraser Do., 12th Oct. 1806
_Sheldrake_
John Atherdon Pilot, 18th Feb. 1807
_Inveterate_
Alex. Handisyde 2nd Master, do.
Thos. Knockner Pilot, 19th Feb. 1807 Escaped 14th
_Ignition_ Jan. 1811
John Dear 2nd Master, 29th Jan. 1807
_Jackall_
Roger Taylor Master, 4th Mar. 1807
_Blanche_
Robt. Adamson 2nd Master, 10th Nov. 1805
_Biser_
John Goodson Master, 19th May 1807
_Dauntless_
Robert Pope Pilot
Henry Brown Master, 26th Sept. 1805
_Calcutta_
Thos. Menton Acting-Master, 6th April 1809
_Arethusa_
Ed. Brown Master, 28th Feb. 1809 Died at Verdun
_Proserpine_ 6th Oct. 1813
John le Corney Pilot, _Amelia_ 16th July 1809
Jas. Long Master, 12th Aug. 1809
_Brisies_
John Cowan 2nd Master, 16th May 1808
_Cracker_
Samuel Tuck Master, 3rd April 1810
_Linnet_
Thos. Foster Do., _Racer_ 28th Oct. 1810
Richard Vannall Pilot, do. Escaped 22nd
May 1811
Jer. Mcnamara 2nd Master, 8th July 1810
_Blazer_
J. H. Gillo Do., _Thresher_ 9th July 1810
Henry Taylor Master, 15th Aug. 1809
_Podargus_
John Harrow 2nd Master, 12th Jan. 1808
_Sparkler_
Robert Thomson Master, 23rd Oct. 1810
_Minotaur_
John Filleule Do., _Thunder_ 24th April 1811
John Sullivan Do., 2nd Mar. 1811
_Challenger_
Robert 2nd Master, 22nd Oct. 1810
Templeton _Bloodhound_
Jer. Tapley Do., _Olympia_ 2nd Nov. 1811
Field Moytham Do., _Monkey_ 28th Dec. 1810
Wm. Walker Do., _Growler_ 18th June 1811
Peter Priaulx Pilot, _Royal 30th Oct. 1811
Oak_
Thos. Read Master, 25th Dec. 1811
Passenger,
Chesterfield
Packet,
_Grasshopper_
John Hales Master, 28th Jan. 1812
_Manilla_
Andrew Napier 2nd Master, 9th Dec. 1806
_Adder_
Geo. Crockett Acting-Master, 25th Feb. 1813
_Linnet_
SURGEONS, ASSISTANT-SURGEONS, AND MATES
Alex. Allen Surgeon, 3rd July 1803
_Minerve_
Robert Gordon Mate, Do. Died at Verdun
8th Feb. 1803
Chas. Taylor Assistant- 18th Dec. 1803
Surgeon,
_Hostage_
John Bell Do., _Shannon_ 10th Dec. 1803
Alex. Crigan Mate, Do. Escaped from
Arras
Wm. Porteus Assistant-Mate, 30th Dec. 1803 Escaped 1808
_Grappler_
John Graham, Surgeon, 10th Feb. 1804 As surgeon to
living at _Hussar_ the depot to
Verdun 1853 England, 4th
Jan. 1814
J. P. Hayden Surgeon’s-Mate, Died at Blois
_Hussar_ 18th Mar. 1814
Chas. Newman Do., do.
Wm. Hill Surgeon, 24th April 1804 Escaped 18th
Passenger, _M. Nov. 1809.
Vessel_
Morgan Williams Do., 24th March 1804 Escaped 18th
_Woolverene_ Nov. 1809
John Lawmont Do., _Vincego_ 8th May 1804
Ed. McGrath Surgeon-Mate, 30th June 1804 Died at Verdun
_Acasta_ 9th June 1808
Bernard Allcock Do., _Mallard_ 24th Dec. 1804 Died at Metz
March 1808
Benjm. Lawder Assistant-Mate, 22nd Feb. 1805 Poisoned
_Bouncer_ himself at
Verdun 25th May
1805
Dan. Cameron Do., _Biler_ 10th Nov. 1804 Escaped 11th
May 1809
James Moir Do., _Woodlark_ 14th Nov. 1805
Alexr. Simpson Surgeon, 19th July 1805 Strasburg 5th
_Ranger_ Jan. 1807; died
there
John Roberts Assistant-Mate, 11th Feb. 1806
_Calcutta_
Robert Stewart Surgeon, Do. 18th Feb. 1806
Jas. Breman Do., _Blanche_ 20th April 1807
John Patterson Assistant-
Surgeon, do.
Chas. Mitchell Surgeon, 24th April 1807
_Pigmy_
Robert Hoggan Assistant- 18th Feb. 1807
Surgeon,
_Inveterate_
David Gray Surgeon-Mate, 16th Sept. 1806
_Rapid_
John Roberts Do., _United 9th Dec. 1806 Died Sar Libre
Brothers_ 10th Oct. 1808
Jos. H. Hughes Do., 19th May 1807
_Dauntless_
John Watson Assistant- 29th Mar. 1807 Died at Verdun
Surgeon, 17th Dec. 1809
_Jackall_
Fras. Connin Surgeon, 28th Feb. 1809
_Proserpine_
Jos. Hawthorn Surgeon-Mate, Escaped 10th
do. Nov. 1810
Robert Abbott Surgeon, 28th Oct. 1810
_Racer_
Lewes Jones Surgeon-Mate, 23rd Oct. 1810
_Minotaur_
Danl. Godbehere Assistant- 12th Mar. 1811
Surgeon,
_Challenger_
Thos. Wells Do., _Monkey_ 28th Dec. 1810 Died, 20th Jan.
1812, in
consequence of
a wound
received in a
duel on the
27th with Mr.
Abbott
P. H. Scott Acting-Assistant- 2nd Mar. 1811
Surgeon,
_Olympia_
M. C. Woods Assistant- 18th June 1811
Surgeon,
_Growler_
Wm. Campbell Do., _Colossus_ 30th Jan. 1812
Thos. Sanderson Surgeon, 25th Oct. 1811
_Grasshopper_
Wm. Donaldson Do., _Manilla_ 28th Jan. 1812
Richard Tobin Do., _Laurel_ 31st Jan. 1812
Wm. Watts Assistant- 28th Jan. 1812
Surgeon,
_Manilla_
P. T. Maiming Surgeon, 3rd May 1812
_Apelles_
Jas. Hunter Assistant- 25th Dec. 1811
Surgeon,
Passenger in
_Grasshopper_
C. M. Snooke Surgeon, 8th May 1813
_Linnet_
PURSERS
John Hyslop _Shannon_ 10th Dec. 1803
Saml. Trewin _Vincego_ 8th May 1804 Died 2nd Mar.
1809
John Innes _Ranger_ July 1805
Alex. Livie _Calcutta_ 26th Sept. 1805 Died 12th Aug.
1808
Jas. Wilson _Diligence_ 24th Mar. 1806
H. F. Willcocks _Blanche_ 4th Mar. 1807
I. C. Cummings _Constance_ 12th Oct. 1807 England, by
order of French
Government 13th
Feb.
Arch. McMillar _Atalante_ 12th Feb. 1807
Dan. Sullivan _Dauntless_ 19th May 1807
Wm. Lamotte _Falcon_, Escaped 22nd
Passenger in May 1811
_Dauntless_
Geo. Ellis _Proserpine_ 28th Feb. 1809
Simon Heley _Amphion_ 28th Sept. 1809
W. S. Black _Briseis_ 10th Oct. 1809
Hugh Corbyn _Goldfinch_ 10th May 1810
John Boone _Trident_,
Passenger in a
transport
John Richardson _Challenger_ 12th Mar. 1811
Chas. Ross _Alacrity_ 26th May 1811 Died 22nd Nov.
1813
Thos. Bastin _Grasshopper_ 25th Dec. 1811
John Paterson _Manilla_ 28th Jan. 1812 Died 31st Oct.
1813
Hugh Hannay _Apelles_ 3rd May 1812
MARINE OFFICERS
Geo. Aug. Bell Lieutenant, 3rd July 1803
_Minerve_
Alex. Eckford Do., _Shannon_ 10th Dec. 1803
Robt. Phillips Do., _Hussar_ 10th Feb. 1804
Geo. Jones Captain, 25th Mar. 1804
_Magnificent_
John Ridley Do., do. Do.
Jasper Farmer Lieutenant, do. Do.
Chas. Stanser Captain,
_Passenger_
Wm. Sampdon Lieutenant, 26th Sept. 1805
_Calcutta_
Robt. Alexander Captain, 18th Feb. 1806
_Calcutta_
John Campbell Lieutenant, 4th Mar. 1807 Escaped 1810
_Blanche_
Henry Loveridge Captain, 16th Nov. 1807
_Majestic_
R. R. Bignall Lieutenant, 28th Feb. 1809
_Proserpine_
John Blackeney Do., _Statira_ 2nd June 1809
Thos. Morgan Do., _Cambrian_ 25th Mar. 1810
Jerh. Collins Do., _Manilla_ 28th Jan, 1812
B. Chaproniere Do., _Laurel_ 31st Jan. 1812
Phillips Do., _Hussar_ 10th Feb. 1804
PETTY OFFICERS
Chas. Halford Master-Mate, 3rd July 1803 Escaped 14th
_Minerve_ May 1811
John Moore Died 14th Nov.
1810
John Hawkey Midshipman
John Nelson Died 8th March
Geo. Hall Dacre Do. Escaped in 1809
Robert Sutton Escaped in 1811
C. S. Ricketts Escaped in 1809
Sam Mottley Died in 1809
Robert Burridge Escaped in 1806
Jack Pearson Died 11th Mar.
1807
Richard
Weatherley
W. J. Bradshaw
Chas. Hare Midshipman, 3rd July 1803 Escaped 1809
_Minerve_
William 1st Class, Escaped 1811
Streeting _Minerve_
Frank Cutler _Minerve_ Escaped 12th
May 1809
Wm. Wymer Do.
Geo. Fitzgerald Do. Escaped 9th
Nov. 1810
Robert Marsden Clerk
Ed. Dillon Midshipman, 24th Dec. 1803 Escaped 25th
_Cruiser_ April 1809
Wm. Gilpin Master-Mate, 10th Dec. 1803
_Shannon_, made
Lieutenant at
Verdun
Abr. Robinson Midshipman Escaped 4th
June 1805
T. W. Cecil Do. Bitche escaped
when on road,
14th July 1807
Wm. Allen Do.
Fras Little Do. Escaped 19th
July 1805
Edw. Knipp Clerk Do.
Maurice Hewson Midshipman, Do. Escaped 1809
_Diamond_
John Barclay Master-Mate, 2nd Aug. 1803
_Maidstone_
Ed. Boys Midshipman, Escaped
_Phoebe_
F. J. _Phoebe_ Escaped;
Whitehurst retaken on
board _La Juno_
John Murray Do. Escaped 4th
June 1805
Fras. Maxwell Clerk, 4th Aug. 1803 Bitche; escaped
_Redbridge_ on road
Robert Blakeney Midshipman, Returned to
_Amphion_ England
E. E. Temple _Narcissus_ Escaped 19th
April 1807
Richard Morris _Minerve_ 3rd July 1805
John Whitefield _Grappler_ 30th Aug. 1805
Henry Leworthy A.B., do. 13th Dec. 1803 Escaped from
Port Chaussée
1st Dec. 1810;
retaken; sent
to Bitche
Henry Worth Midshipman, Jan. 1804 Run 5th Dec.
_Argus_; 1811; retaken;
Passenger on sent to Bitche
merchant vessel
R. L. Gordon _Hussar_ 10th Feb. 1804 Bitche; escaped
on road
W. C. Smithson Do. Died 30th Nov.
1809
Eran Nepean
Henry Ashworth Escaped 1808
Edward Nickoll
Arthur Vine Died at Verdun
24th Oct. 1812
J. R. Lichford Died at Gt.
Gonesby
Jas. Mathias
Wm. Sutton
John Hopkinson 1st Class Died 4th Feb.
1853, aged 65
Jas. Mascal Clerk Died at Verdun
4th Nov. 1806
Chas. Parker Midshipman, 13th Mar. 1804 Escaped 3rd
_Tribune_ Aug. 1810
John Parkman Master-Mate, 25th Mar. 1804
_Magnificent_;
made Lieutenant
at Verdun
Chas. Shaw Midshipman Escaped 1809
John Vale
Robt. Thorley Master-Mate, Escaped 10th
_Impetueux_; July 1813; died
made Lieutenant at
at Verdun Godmanchester
Christ Tutthill Midshipman, 25th Mar. 1804 Escaped 1808
_Impétueux_
Martin Miller _Woolverene_ 24th Mar. 1804 Escaped 14th
Dec. 1809
Philip Race Do.
Wm. Richards Do.
I. S. Fletcher Do. Escaped 14th
Dec. 1807
Denis O’Brien Master-Mate, 10th Feb. 1804 Escaped 1808
_Hussar_
Jer. Mahoney Do.
Jas. Wood _Vincego_ 8th May Died 20th May
1806
Robt. Morland Midshipman, Died 16th July
_Vincego_ 1806
I. R. J. Wright Do. Escaped 24th
Dec. 1810
Geo. Sidney 1st Class, Do.
Smith
Wm. L. Mansall Do. Escaped 1808
John Trewin Do.
Isaac Brown Clerk, 8th May 1804 Died 16th Feb.
_Vincego_ 1809
Thos. G. Wills Master-Mate, 30th June 1804
_Acasta_
Thos. Dawson Midshipman, 3rd June 1804 Died at Verdun
_Morgiana_ 15th Oct. 1810
Matthew Low Master-Mate, Died Nov. 1809
_Cameleon_
John Adams Clerk, 24th Mar. 1804
_Woolverene_
John Perryman Clerk, 10th Dec. 1803 Died 11th Mar.
_Grappler_ 1813
B. Belchambers Do., _Leda_ 31st July 1804
Edward Hunt Midshipman, 4th Feb. 1804 Escaped 8th
_Imperial Dec. 1813
Service_
Geo. P. Potts Midshipman, 8th May 1804
_Vincego_
Robt. James _Rambler_ 11th Aug. 1804
Obediah Waller _Mallard_ 24th Dec. 1804 Escaped on the
road from Blois
to Guéret 14th
Feb.; retaken
21st Mar. 1814
Richard Clerk, do.
Stockings
Scroope Ayston Midshipman, 22nd Feb. 1805
_Bouncer_
John Lynch Clerk, do. Do.
Thos. Webb Master-Mate, 16th Feb. 1805
_Nautilus_
Thos. Davies 1st Class, do. Do.
I. M. A. Hervey Midshipman, 20th April 1805 Died at Metz
_Doris_
Samuel Do., _Imperial 25th Mar. 1805
Blackmore Service_
Augs. O. Midshipman, 16th Feb. 1805
Kenessy _Nautilus_
Andrew McDougal Do., do. Do. Died Verdun
John Woodroffe Do., _Teazer_ 16th July 1805
Jas. March Do., do. Do.
John McGraw Do., do Do.
W. I. Do., _Biter_ 10th Nov. 1805 Escaped 21st
Devonshire July 1811
John Wingate 1st Class, do. Do. Escaped 27th
April 1809;
retaken 29th
May 1809
Roger Aitkin Do., _Woodlark_ 14th Nov. 1805
Wm. Hamilton Do., do. Do.
Robert Rawlins Master-Mate, Do.
Passenger in
_Woodlark_ to
join _Eagle_
Valent. Stone Midshipman, 14th Nov. 1805
Passenger in
_Woodlark_ to
join _Eagle_
R. B. Robertson Do., do. Do. Died 1810
John Crick Do., do. Do. Died 1808
Joseph Harries 1st Class do., Do.
_Eagle_
John Robertson Clerk, do. Do.
Patrick Nairne Midshipman, Do.
do., _Eagle_
Aug. Arabin Do., do. Do.
Robert Legg Master-Mate, 25th Sept. 1805
_Calcutta_
Andrew Munro Master-Mate, 19th July 1805
_Ranger_; made
Lieutenant at
Verdun
Robert Ed. Midshipman, Do. Escaped 1808
Hunter _Ranger_
Geo. Bissett Do., do. Do. Escaped Dec.
1809
Chas. Robinson 1st Class, do. Do. Escaped do.
Theos. Thomson Midshipman, 5th Aug. 1805 Killed 21st
_Dove_ Mar. 1811
Robt. Rochford Master-Mate, 26th Sept. 1805 Escaped 1809
_Calcutta_
John Low Midshipman, Do.
_Calcutta_;
made Lieutenant
at Verdun
Thos. Denniston Do., do. Do. Died at Verdun
29th June 1806
Rich. Nason Do., do. Do. Escaped 28th
Jan. 1811
W. W. Kingstone Do., do. Do. Escaped 14th
Sept. 1807
Donald Mackey Clerk, _Dove_ 5th Aug. 1805
Geo. C. Do., _Calcutta_ 26th Sept. 1805 Died at Verdun
Chappell 19th Feb. 1813
J. F. Hughes Midshipman, do. Do.
John Hallows 1st Class, 19th July Escaped 9th
_Ranger_ Nov. 1810
J. H. Wall Midshipman, 26th Sept. 1805
_Calcutta_
Andrew Scott Do., do. Do. Killed in a
duel 14th Oct.
1811, by M. P.
Morris
Wm. Hall Do., do. Do.
Thos. Sheers Do., do. Do.
Geo. Carter Do., do. 26th Sept. 1805
Cornels Randel Clerk, _Ranger_ 19th July 1805 Escaped 1809
Henry Lewis Master-Mate, Do. Escaped 1809
_Diana_
Lochlan Grant Midshipman, 10th Mar. 1806
_Growler_
Richard Dew Master-Mate, Do. Died at S.
_Impétueux_ Libre Feb. 1811
Wm. Campbell Clerk, _Teazer_ 16th July 1805
Thos. Midshipman, Escaped 1809
Blackinston _Revenge_
Thos. Marriott Clerk, _Adder_ 9th Dec. 1806 Escaped and
retaken
Jas. H. Midshipman, do. Do. Died at Verdun
Glasscott 3rd Mar. 1807
Isaac Do., _United Do.
Haberfield Brothers_
J. B. Tatnall Do., Do. Escaped 1809
_Impérieuse_
Roger Hall Midshipman, do. Do. Escaped 1809
Roger Grant Master-Mate, 10th Feb. 1807 Escaped 1809
_Renown_
John Wildey Midshipman, do. Do.
W. Herniman Do., _United 9th Dec. 1806
Brothers_
Joseph Stingsby Master-Mate, 4th Mar. 1807
_Blanche_
Henry Stanhope Midshipman, do. Do. Escaped 14th
May 1811
J. S. P. Do., do. Do. Escaped 27th
Masters Nov. 1808
John Rootes Do., do. 4th Mar. 1807 Died 22nd April
1813
F. C. L. Viret Do., do. Do.
W. T. Williams Do., do. Do.
Chs. Street 1st Class, do Do. Escaped 21st
July 1811
Geo. Gordon Do., do. Do. Escaped do.
Robert Hoy 1st Class, do. 4th May 1807
J. F. Secretan Do., do. Do.
J. C. G. Mowatt Clerk, do. Do.
Wm. Moyses Master-Mate, Do.
_Pomone_;
Passenger in
_Blanche_
Wm. McLeod Midshipman, 4th May 1807 Escaped in 1809
_Pigmy_
John Do., Do. Deserted and
Butterfield _Impétueux_ retaken
Chas. Turrell Do., _Minerva_ 16th Dec. 1806
Joseph Meek Clerk, 18th Feb. 1807 Escaped in 1809
_Inveterate_
David Wilson Master-Mate, Do.
_Magpie_
Wm. Heard Midshipman, Do. Escaped and
_Magpie_ retaken
Robert Mortimer Do., do. Do. Entered French
service 1809;
quitted it in
1880
Jas. H. Gale Do., _Ignition_ 18th Feb. 1807
Alfred Parr Do., do. Do. Entered French
service 1809;
quitted it in
1810
Chas. F. Do., _Kangaroo_ 24th Feb. 1807
Thompson
H. J. Hill Do., 26th Dec. 1806
_Speedwell_
John Sheckleton Master-Mate, 5th Aug. 1805
_Dove_
J. N. Lyall Ord.- 4th Mar. 1807
Midshipman,
_Blanche_
Thos. Greg Do., do. Do.
Simn. Midshipman, 26th June 1807
Ounkovesky _Egyptienne_
John Wier Do., 12th July 1807
_Inconstant_
Reuben Paine Master-Mate, 4th Mar. 1807
_Jamaica_
Andr. Russel Do., _Hydra_ 30th Oct. 1807
Lord John Boyle Do., _Gibralta_ 22nd July 1807
Wm. Brander Do., _Amphion_ 10th Sept. 1807
Jas. S. G. Do., _Monkey_ 19th Oct. 1807
Caffry
Geo. Blake Midshipman, 14th Oct. 1807
_Lively_
Wm. Heywood Do., _Alfred_ 6th Jan. 1808
Edward Brydges Do., _Rose_ 26th Dec. 1807
Wm. Hutchinson Master-Mate, Jan. 1808 Escaped 14th
_Rose_ Jan. 1811
Wm. Astley Midshipman, 20th Feb. 1808
_Pomona_
John McFee Master-Mate, 30th April 1808 Escaped 14th
_Alfred_ Jan. 1811
W. Hearbour Midshipman, 18th Jan. 1808
_Carrier_
David Master-Mate, 6th Dec. 1808 Escaped 21st
Littlejohn _Shannon_ Dec. 1810; died
J. W. Dupre Do., 7th Jan. 1809
_Melpomone_
E. P. Montague Midshipman, 28th Feb. 1809 Escaped 21st
_Proserpine_ July 1811
Wm. Pratt Do., do. Do. Died 6th Jan.
1810
Chas. Lardner 1st Class, do. 28th Feb. 1809
R. G. M. Midshipman, 18th Feb. 1809 Escaped 15th
Darrocott _Bonne Dec. 1811;
Citoyenne_ retaken to
Blois
N. J. Reynolds Master-Mate, 28th do.
_Proserpine_
Jos. Petfield Do., do. Do. Escaped 21st
Dec. 1810
John Wilcke Midshipman, do. Do.
W. H. Savigny Do., do. Do.
Geo. Forbes 1st Class, do. Do. Escaped 20th
Feb. 1810
Peter Allen Do.,
_Proserpine_
Thos. Rodnell Midshipman, 6th April 1809 Afterward in
_Arethusa_ Customs at Hull
Henry Thomas Do., do. Do. Escaped 20th
July 1810
Edward Crowe 1st Class, do. Do. Do., do.
Geo. Back Do., do. Do.
Jas. Reid Midshipman, 2nd July 1809
_Statira_
Robert Hemer Midshipman, 26th July 1809
_Dreadnought_
John Bee Do., _Padmus_ 29th May 1809
Ed. Herbert Do., _Amelia_ 16th July 1809
Geo. Powell Master-Mate, 28th Sept. 1809 Escaped 20th
_Amphion_ July 1810
H. B. Mason Midshipman, do. Do. Escaped 9th
Nov. 1810
J. R. Drew Do., _Belle 28th Sept. 1809 Escaped do.
poule_
Wm. Randal Master-Mate, Do. Escaped 24th
_Wizard_ Dec. 1809
Jas. P. Parker Midshipman, 30th Sept. 1809 Escaped 20th
_Alceste_ Jan. 1810
Edward Walker Master-Mate, 14th Dec. 1808
_Herald_
Fredk. Lacaste Do., _Thames_ 2nd Mar. 1808
Geo. Cordry Midshipman, 20th Dec. 1805
_Polyphemus_
Geo. Bateman Do., 12th Jan. 1807
_L’Aimable_;
made Lieutenant
at Sarrelibre
Thos. Lowis Midshipman, 26th Sept. 1805
_Calcutta_
Peter Stark Do., _Eudymion_ 19th Nov. 1809 Escaped 9th
Nov. 1810
Saml. Kneeshaw Master-Mate, 15th Jan. 1809
_Alcmène_
John Atkinson Do., do. 30th Mar. 1809
Wm. Walker Clerk, 28th May 1807
_Jackall_
John Taylor Midshipman, do. Do.
Henry Do., _Rapid_ 14th Nov. 1807 Died 23rd Feb.
Richardson 1812
Wm. Baker Do., 27th June 1808
_Strenuous_
Thos. Morris Do., 19th Feb. 1807
_Inveterate_
H. E. Hawkins Master-Mate, 9th Sept. 1809
_Raleigh_
Ralph Cornutt Midshipman, 28th Oct. 1809
_Lyra_
Chas. Mayo Do., _Jackall_ 29th May 1807 Escaped 28th
Jan. 1811
Hamilton Davies Do., 20th Jan. 1808
_Conqueror_;
made Lieutenant
at Verdun
Robert McWha Do., _Sylvia_ 10th Sept. 1807
John Coulson Do., 25th Feb. 1808
_Guerrière_
Thos. McDougal Do., _Medusa_ 11th Sept. 1809
Wm. Radford Master-Mate, 3rd Oct. 1809
_Hydra_
Adam Gordon Midshipman, 21st Oct. 1809
_Seahorse_
Ed. Bold Master-Mate, 16th Jan. 1810
_Virginie_
Godfrey Fosbery Midshipman, do. Do.
Wm. Thomas Master-Mate, 13th Dec. 1809
_Junon_
Chas. Paynter Midshipman, 14th Jan. 1810 Escaped 27th
_Indefatigable_ Dec. 1813
Peter Morris Master-Mate, April 1810
_Goldfinch_
P. H. Mollett Midshipman, 20th June 1810 Died in
_Escort_ hospital at
Fontainebleau
1814
John Brothers Midshipman, 8th May 1810
_Goldfinch_
Wm. Handby Do., _Atlas_ 8th Mar. 1810
John Webster Master-Mate, 10th Nov. 1810
_Parthion_
Henry Jackson Midshipman, 28th Oct. 1810
_Pacer_
Thos. Jackson Do., do. Do.
E. F. Price Midshipman, do. 28th Oct. 1810
Geo. Jenson Clerk, do. Do. Died 1st June
I. C. Taylor Midshipman, 9th July 1810
_Bruiser_
Robert Holder Do., _Spencer_ 10th Jan. 1811 Escaped 28th
Jan. 1811
I. P. Campbell Do., _Blazer_ 9th Nov. 1808
John S. Smith Master-Mate, 13th Dec. 1810
_Kent_
John Parsons Do., _Podargus_ 15th Aug. 1809 Escaped 24th
Dec. 1813
Benj. Hart Midshipman, 23rd Dec. 1810
_Minotaur_
Jos. O’Brien Do., do. Do. Escaped 24th
Dec. 1813
G. T. Mitchell Do., do. Do.
Geo. Elry Do., do. Do.
I. I. Hamilton Master-Mate, 27th Nov. 1810
_Minorca_
Wm. Lyth Clerk, _Biter_ 10th Nov. 1805 Died 15th May
1811
Wm. Hains Midshipman, 13th Oct. 1810
_Impétueux_
Jos. Barrett Do., _Cadmus_ 6th Mar. 1811
Henry Davis Do., 12th Mar. 1811
_Challenger_
Thos. Jennings Do., do. Do.
Francis 1st Class, do. Do.
Stevenson
Wheatley Byass Do., do. 12th Mar. 1811
Stephen Green Clerk, do. Do.
Geo. Norton 1st Class, 18th Feb. 1807
_Inveterate_
F. Wahtstrand Midshipman, 2nd Mar. 1811
_Olympia_
Jas. I. Do., do. Do.
Sullivan
Thos. Rowe Master-Mate, 12th Mar. 1811
_Challenger_
Anth. Gibbs Midshipman, 21st Feb. 1811
_Pioneer_
Chas. Blissett Do., _Vesuvius_ 20th Nov. 1809
F. I. Midshipman, 13th Dec. 1809
Whitehurst _Junon_; made
Lieutenant at
Bitche
Ed. Turner Master-Mate 21st May 1811
_Boyne_
Henry Midshipman, Do. Deserted from
Kirkpatrick _Poictiers_ Gueret 30th
Mar. 1814
Jas. Barton Master-Mate, 14th July 1811
_Snapper_
Richard Midshipman, do. Do.
Pickersgill
Robert Furze Do., 16th July 1811
_Semiraris_
I. P. Were Do., _Sceptre_ 15th Sept. 1811
Jas. Woolcock Do., _Hibernia_ 15th July 1808
Dal. Baird Master-Mate, 27th Dec. 1811
_Conquistador_
Fra. Sutherland Midshipman, do. Do.
Geo. Peard Do., do. 17th Dec. 1811
Edwin I. Do., do. Do.
Caulfield
Donet O’Brien Vol.. do. Do.
John Franklyn Midshipman, Do.
_Colossus_
Peter Hodder Do., do.; made Do.
Lieutenant at
Verdun
Niel Malcolm Do., do. Do.
H. L. Parry Master-Mate, 25th Dec. 1811 Escaped 11th
_Grasshopper_ Feb. 1814
Edw. Yelland Midshipman, do. Do.
Thos. W. Tyler Do., do. Do.
John Strong Clerk, do. Do.
Dk. Sarsfield Midshipman, Do.
_Flypass_, do.
Phil. Harvey Master-Mate, 16th Dec. 1811
_Porcupine_
W. C. Robins Vol., _Manilla_ 28th Jan. 1812
W. A. Willis Do., do. 17th Feb. 1812
David Harrop Midshipman, 7th Feb. 1812
_Christian_
John Gowdie Master-Mate, Do.
_Manilla_
Wm. Hubbard Do., do. Do. Escaped from
Blois 11th Feb.
1814
Geo. Bland Midshipman, Do. Do.
M. W. Batty Do., do. 28th Jan. 1812
J. H. Johnstone Do., do. Do.
Henry Randall Do., do. Do.
Henry Sadler Do., do. Do.
I. M. Johnson Vol., do. Do.
John Ward Clerk, do. Do.
Geo. Maryon Midshipman, 28th Aug. 1811
_Arrow_
Jos. Townsend Do., _Rose_ 23rd Jan. 1812 Escaped 24th
Dec. 1812
Hanbury Do., _Laurel_ 31st Jan. 1812
Clements
Danl. Galway Vol., do. Do.
Montg. Digges Do., do. Do.
Thos. Pettigrew Do., do. Do.
Robert Tighe Do., do. Do.
Danl. McCarthy Clerk, _Laurel_ 31st Jan. 1812
G. E. Davies Midshipman, 26th May 1811 Escaped 27th
_Alacrity_ Dec. 1818
J. E. Sterling Do., 25th Dec. 1811 Escaped 11th
_Grasshopper_ Feb. 1814
J. Lechmere Do., do. Do.
Chas. Do., _Manilla_ 31st Jan. 1812 Escaped Feb.
Jeaffreson 1814
W. S. Johnston Do., _Apelles_ 3rd May 1812
Jas. Craggs Do., _Calypso_ 25th Dec. 1811
W. B. Hare Do., _St. 14th Dec. 1810
Finengo_
John Downey Master-Mate, 22nd July 1812
_Nieman_
Jas. Birch Midshipman, 8th July 1812
_Alban_
Henry King Do., 17th July 1812
_Venerable_
J. J. Lane Do., do. Do.
Arch. Grant Do., _New Do.
Magnificent_
Richard Rosser Do., Do.
_Volontaire_
Henry Barrow Do., 25th June 1812 Escaped 27th
_Strenuous_ Dec. 1813
Henry Carrique Midshipman, 24th Aug. 1812
_Wizard_
A. W. Nicholls Clerk, _Pigmy_ 24th Nov. 1812
H. A. Whitcomb Do., _Apelles_ 5th Mar. 1807
J. H. Hindley Clerk, _La 2nd Oct. 1806
Constance_
Henry Jho. Midshipman, 26th Jan. 1813
Callaghan _Arrow_
Geo. Simmonds Clerk, _Osprey_ 29th July 1812
John Barnes Midshipman, Do.
_Britonart_
Saml. Cornish Do., _Linnet_ 25th Feb. 1813
Hugh Carroll Clerk, do. Do.
Bendon Sharvell Master-Mate, 23rd Dec. 1812
_Horatio_
Robert O’Neil Do., _Dispatch_ 14th April 1813 Escaped Feb.
1814
Geo. Evans Midshipman, 13th Jan. 1813
_Cretan_
Thos. Keith Master-Mate, 18th Sept. 1813 Escaped Feb.
Steward _Clarence_ 1814
Wm. Alex. Midshipman, 21st Sept. 1813
Longmore _Hannibal_
John Frith 1st Class, 3rd Dec. 1813
_Désirée_
Wm. Litheby Midshipman, 4th Mar. 1814
_Telegraph_
Saml. Edwards Do., Do.
_Impérieuse_
WARRANT OFFICERS
Wm. Little Gunner, 3rd July 1803 Died 26th Sept.
_Minerve_ 1806
Andrew Brown Boatswain, do. Do.
Wm. Rice Carpenter, do. Do.
John Johnson Gunner, 24th Mar. 1804
_Woolverene_
Robert Bulger Boatswain, 8th May 1804
_Vicengo_
Andrew Allen Carpenter, do. Do.
Wm. Cliff Boatswain, 24th Mar. 1804 Escaped from
_Woolverene_ Bitche
John Richards Carpenter, Do.
_Woolverene_
Ed. Gilligan Boatswain, 10th Dec. 1803
_Shannon_
Rd. Carne Gunner, 8th May 1804
_Vincego_
Danl. Chadwick Do., _Shannon_ 10th Dec. 1803
Jas. Dobbins Do., _Shark_; 20th April 1805
taken in a
Cartel
Wm. Lennard Do., _Calcutta_ 26th Sept. 1805
Geo. Heard Carpenter, do. Do.
Tim. Quin Gunner, 19th July 1805
_Ranger_
John Windham Carpenter, do. Do. Died 1st Oct.
1809
Wm. Richardson Boatswain, do. Do. Died Jan. 1810
Wm. Carey Do., _Hussar_ 10th Feb. 1804 Died 25th May
1808
Thos. Simpson Gunner, do. Do. Escaped 1809
John Treacher Do., 24th Mar. 1806
_Diligence_
Thos. Strong Do., 19th May 1807
_Dauntless_
Thos. Gray Boatswain, do. Do.
Peter Lunn Carpenter, do. Do.
John Osborn Boatswain, 18th Jan. 1808
_Flora_
Alex. Henderson Do., 28th Feb. 1809
_Proserpine_
FIELD OFFICERS OF THE ARMY
Henry de Lieutenant- 3rd Jan. 1806
Bernier Colonel, 9th
Foot
George I. Hall Major Do.
Campbell Captain, 88th 18th Feb. 1806
Callender Foot
Guy L’Estrange Major, 31st 1st Jan. 1809
Foot
Thos. W. Gordon Captain, 3rd 3rd Nov. 1809
Foot Guards
Wm. Guard Lieutenant- Do.
Colonel, 45th
Foot
Thos. Lieutenant, 3rd 6th Dec. 1809
Fotheringham Foot Guards
S. T. Popham Major, 24th 13th Dec. 1809
Foot
Sir W. W. Captain, 2nd 17th Jan. 1810
Sheridan Foot Guards
Thos. N. Major, 1st 19th Oct. 1810
Wyndham Dragoons
Wm. Cox Lieutenant- 12th Nov. 1810
Colonel, late
61st Foot
Andw. Lord Major-General, 15th April 1811
Blaney 61st Foot
Redmond Morris Captain, 13th 20th June 1811
Dragoons
Geo. Hill Captain, 1st 7th Aug. 1811
Foot Guards
CAPTAINS
H. Falconer Captain, 1st 12th Jan. 1804
Foot
Thos. Roberts Do., 30th Foot 3rd Jan. 1806
P. R. Hawker Do., do. Do.
P. W. Lambert Do., 9th Foot 8th Jan. 1806
Danl. Orchard Do., do. Do.
G. H. Sarjant Do., do. Do.
Samps Godfrey Captain 1st 4th May 1807
Foot
Geo. Barrow Do., 15th Foot 7th May 1808
Chas. de Do., _Royal 26th Sept. 1809
Haviland Malta_
J. Somerfield Do., 83rd Foot 26th Oct. 1809
J. Laing Do., 61st do. 27th Oct. 1809
Jas. Allen Do., 23rd 31st Oct. 1809
Dragoons
D. Goodsman Do., 61st Foot 2nd Nov. 1809
T. H. Blair Do., 91st Foot 3rd Nov. 1809
Wm. Cowran Do., 21st Foot 18th Nov. 1809
Andv. Patison Do., 29th Foot Do.
Savil Spear Do., 1st Foot 26th Nov. 1809
F. M. Milman Lieutenant- 1st Dec. 1809
Colonel Guards
Hartley Captain, 61st 9th Dec. 1809
Foot
Geo. Coleman Do., 31st Foot 12th Jan. 1810
Geo. Brice Do., 3rd 13th May 1810
Dragoon Guards
Chas. Collis Do. 24th Foot Do.
Henry Stephens Do., 66th Foot 6th July 1810
J. A. Wolff Do., 60th Foot 15th Aug. 1810
H. J. Shaw Do., 4th Foot Do.
J. W. Hewitt Do., 6th Foot 12th Nov. 1810
L. Lazzarini Do., _Royal 29th Dec. 1810
Malta_
P. Jestaferrati Do., do. Do.
Fredk. Do., do. Do.
Albaldini
F. Kertsberg Do., do. Do.
J. P. Howard Do., 23rd 7th May 1811
Dragoons
John Taylor 2nd Captain, Do.
Royal Artillery
P. Matthews Captain, 47th 26th May 1811
Foot
Jas. Reynolds Do., 83rd Foot 4th June 1811 Died
— Belli Do., 13th 20th June 1811
Dragoons
Thos. Andrews Do., 24th Foot
LIEUTENANTS AND ENSIGNS
Thos. Prater Lieutenant, 21st Jan. 1804
21st Foot
C. E. Freeman Ensign, 29th 1st Mar. 1805
Foot
Robert Howard Lieutenant, 3rd Jan. 1806
30th Foot
Wm. Sullivan Ensign, do. Do.
Alex. Simpson Lieutenant, 9th 8th Jan. 1806
Foot
Geo. Saunderson Do., do. Do.
Wm. Armstrong Do., do. Do.
R. G. Thomson Ensign, do. Do.
Edward Worth Do., do. Do. Living at
Newenham Verdun 1853
Peter Sutton Do. and Do.
Adjutant
Joseph Smith Lieutenant, 6th Sept. 1806
65th Foot
H. Bermingham Do., 29th Foot 8th May 1807
Joseph R. Welsh Do., 6 W. I. 7th May 1808
Regiment
Alex. Fraser Do., Royal Do.
Engineers
John Harper Do., do. Do.
J. E. De Ensign, 16th Do.
Lappinot Foot
Robert Lewis Lieutenant, 15th do.
15th Foot
John Seaver Ensign Do.
Edward Lieutenant, 6th May 1809
l’Estrange 71st Foot
John Penrice Do., 15th 21st May 1809
Hussars
Rd. M. Brennan Do., 14th Foot 26th June 1809
Colin Campbell Ensign, 26th Do.
Foot
Wm. Laurie Do. 12th July 1809
G. L. Davies Do., 9th Foot 6th Sept. 1809
Angus Mackay 1st Lieutenant, 25th Sept. 1809
21st Fusiliers
Henry Perry Ensign, Royal Do.
Malta
Peter Wallace Lieutenant and 26th Sept. 1809
Adjutant
Wm. Auhagen 2nd Dragoon 1st Oct. 1809
Guards
G. L. Shipley Lieutenant, 2nd, do.
97th Foot
Fras. Abell Do., 83rd Foot 27th do.
Fras. Johnstone Do., do. Do.
Rd. Kirwan Do., 7th Foot 30th do.
Thos. Allen Do., 24th Foot Do.
Henry Tench Do., 61st Foot Do.
Robert Mitchell Do., 60th Foot Do.
W. E. Page Do. and 12th Nov. 1809
Adjutant, 7th
Foot
John Clarke Lieutenant 18th Nov. 1809
Jas. McNab Do., 21st Do.
Fusiliers
Fredk. Gaban Do., 1 Batt. Do.
Lewis Mordaunt Do., 61st Foot 3rd Dec. 1809 Died at Verdun
17th April 1850
Wm. Friess Do., 60th Foot 1st Jan. 1810
Robert Muter Do., 7th Foot 5th Jan. 1810
Wm. Pennyfather Ensign, 3rd Do.
Foot
Chas. Jackson Lieutenant, do. Do.
Henry Letoler Ensign, 83rd Do.
Foot
Thos. Boggie Lieutenant, do. Do.
Henry Ensign, 60th Do.
Altenstein Foot
A. W. Gamble Lieutenant Do.
Geo. Mackay Do., 48th Foot 9th Jan. 1810
E. P. During Do., 5 Batt. Do.
Geo. Beamish Do., 31st Foot 14th Jan. 1810
Add. Beamish Do., do. Do.
Fredk. Kitcher Do., Royal 29th Mar. 1810
Malta
Fredk. Do., do. Do.
Clossiers
Lewis Schlozer Do., Royal 3rd April 1810
Malta
Graves Collins Do., 61st Foot 13th May 1810 England
Theod. Butler Ensign, 87th Do. Died 1st July
Foot 1813
Chas. Stanhope Lieutenant, Do.
29th Foot
App. Morris Do., 66th Foot 29th May 1810
John Nicholson Do., 83rd Foot Do. England
Wm. Graham Ensign, 4th 13th July 1810
Foot
W. H. Scott Ensign and 18th July 1810
Lieutenant, 3rd
Guards
Geo. Richardson Lieutenant, 4th 20th July 1810
Foot
Edmd. Field Do., do. Do.
J. M. Foley Do., 28th Foot 12th Nov. 1810
L. Canehi Do., Royal 29th Dec. 1810
Malta
Fras. Bucere Do., do. Do.
J. H. Rodmer Do., do. Do.
Ph. Prochaska Lieutenant, 29th Dec. 1810
Royal Malta
Chas. Do., Royal 9th Mar. 1811
Saintcroix Artillery
R. H. Daley Do., 64th Foot Do.
Jas. Fulcher Do., York Vol. 14th Mar. 1811
Roger Sheehy Do., 89th Foot 22nd Mar. 1811
Chas. Watts Ensign, do. Do.
Thos. Reeve Lieutenant, 26th Mar. 1811
48th Foot
E. P. Dormer Do., 14th 11th April 1811
Dragoons
Edward Moulson Ensign, 89th 15th April 1811
Foot
Alex. Skeen Lieutenant, 5th May 1811
24th Foot
I. I. Moss Do., 13th 20th June 1811
Dragoons
Fredk. Wood Do., 11th do.
Geo. Baker Do., 16th do.
Frs. Grant Do., 24th Foot England
— Binney Do., 13th Light
Dragoons
Herbert Morgan Do., 66th Foot England
SURGEONS, PAYMASTERS, ETC.
Jas. Johnston Surgeon, 9th 8th Jan. 1806
Foot
H. W. Hall Pay-Master, 9th Do.
Foot
Renny Langley Artillery Store 18th Feb. 1806
Keeper
Andrew Blake Assistant- 28th April 1807
Surgeon, 98th
Foot
Wm. Bartley Artillery Store 7th May 1808
Keeper
John Gregory Assistant- Do.
Surgeon, Royal
Artillery
Arch. Armstrong Do., 26th Foot 26th June 1809
Joph. Brown Surgeon, do. Do. England
Geo. Winter Hospital 12th July 1809 England
Purveyor
John McCoy Quarter-Master, 25th July 1809
Royal Malta
Clement Banks Surgeon, do. 26th July 1809
Thos. Walker Assistant- 28th July 1809 England
Surgeon, 52nd
Foot
James Dunn Do., 53rd Foot 30th July 1809 Do.
Henry Cowan Do., 23rd Do. Do.
Dragoons
Fredk. Fiorillo Assistant- 2nd Nov. 1809 Do.
Surgeon, 9th
Hussars, Ks.
Gn. Ln.
Jas. O’Meally Do., 16th 8th Nov. 1809 Do.
Dragoons
John Glasco Do., 83rd Foot 28th Nov. 1809 Do.
Montn. Mahoney Do., 7th Foot 5th Jan. 1810 Do.
Edward Kirby Do., 29th Foot 12th Jan. 1810 Do.
J. G. Elkington Do., 24th Foot 14th Jan. 1810 Do.
Alex McDowall Surgeon, Staff 17th Jan. 1810 Do.
Saml. Higgins Do., do. Do. Do.
Thos. Rule Assistant- 19th Jan. 1810 Do.
Surgeon, 87th
Foot
John Herriott Do., 61st Foot 20th Jan. 1810 Do.
Fredk. Depper Do., 5th 20th Jan. 1810 Do.
Battalion, K.
Han. Legion
Henry Bruggeman Do., 7th 3rd Doc. 1810
Battalion D.
Fras. Camillere Do., Royal 29th Dec. 1810
Malta
J. Bertis Chaplin, Royal Do.
Malta
Thos. Richards Quarter-Master, 11th June 1810
4th Foot
— Coleman Assistant-
Surgeon, 3rd
Dragoon Guards
INDEX
Abercrombie, Sir Ralph, prisoners of war sent home, 19
_Admiral de Vries_, ship, capture, 51
Akin, H., on horn work of prisoners, 131
Aligre, M. d’, referred to, 294
Alison, Sir Archibald:
British mode of obtaining supplies in war, 82
Perth Depot for French prisoners, 146
Alkmaar Cartel, references to, 52, 54
Amiens, treaty of, 1802:
Release of prisoners of war under, 240–242
Terms, 241
Ashby-de-la-Zouch, depot for parole prisoners, 205
* * * * *
Baker, Captain, agent for prisoners of war, 247
Banks, Sir Joseph, reference to, 236
Baptismal register at Peterborough, 59
Barracks, sum allotted for building (1793), 8, 9
Bartin, M., parole prisoner, 216
Bathorse, meaning of term, 28
Batman, meaning of term, 28
Batrille, Bernard, personated by Le Fevre, 220–221
Beathand, General, report on construction of Norman Cross Prison, 13
Beef, rations allowed, 69
Beer, rations allowed, 69, 72
Bell, Mr., schoolmaster of Oundle, on attempt of a prisoner to escape,
161
Bitche, fortress of, prisoners of war sent to dungeons, 234
Black Hole at Norman Cross, 24, 64, 162
Bone work by prisoners, 130–131
Borrow, George:
Description of Norman Cross Prison, 32–34
Journey across the Fens described, 41–42
Statement respecting prisoners’ food, 33, 71
“Straw-plait hunts” mentioned, 34, 137, 143–144
Borrow, Thomas, at Norman Cross, 143
Bourchier, Charles François Marie, hanged at Norman Cross, 67
Bourde, Captain, release, 198
Bradley, Rev. E., on illicit trade in straw plaits, 135
Brassey, H. L. C., M.P., reference to, 139
_British Queen_, transport ship, mutiny of prisoners, 49
Brown, Rev. Arthur, romance on Norman Cross prisoners, 28, 180–181, 185
Brown, Rev. E. H., information on Norman Cross prisoners, 176
Brunet, General, parole prisoner, 216
Burral, Major General Sir Harry, exchange of, 85
* * * * *
Camperdown, battle of, 51
Cane, Dr. L., reference to, 132
Capitole, at Dartmoor Prison, 113–121
Careney, Prince de, refutation of Pillet’s accusations as to British
treatment of prisoners, 86–88
Cartel, meaning of term, 52
Carysfort, Lord, sale of site for Norman Cross Prison, 9
Caussade, de la Vauguyon, Prince de Carency: _See_ Carency, Prince de
Cawdor, Lord, reference to, 156
Cemetery at Norman Cross, 173–176
Charretie, M., commissioner for France:
Appointment, 56–57
Correspondence on maintenance of prisoners of war, 75–79, 166, 273
Forging of name, 132, 147
Release of British seamen without exchange, 229
Chartiée, Louis, name carved on block, 132, 147
Chatelin, M., French surgeon at Norman Cross, 77–78
Chouquet, M., marriage, 216
Christian, Sir Hugh Cloberry, transport commissioner, 7
Clothing:
British prisoners in France, 238
Correspondence with French government relative to provision of, for
prisoners, 75–88, 108–109, 272–285
Uniform provided by British Government, 73
Coeymans, Albertus, marriage with Ann Whitwell, 206
Cooke, Arthur, picture of plait merchants and French prisoners, 135–136
_Coquille_, _La_, frigate, capture, 51
Corn, prisoner, name on a silk holder, 97
Cotes, Captain, British agent in Paris, correspondence relative to
treatment of prisoners of war, 80, 81, 109, 271–272, 281
Cotgrave, Captain, agent at Dartmoor, treatment of the “Romans,” 116–117,
121–123
Cox, Colonel, effort to effect exchange, 198
Craig, Mr., inspection of Norman Cross Prison, 16
Cramer, Jan, escape, 158
* * * * *
Dack, C., curator, references to, 128, 130, 132
Dartmoor Prison:
Account of the “Romans,” 111, 112–123
Chapel built by prisoners, 125
Cheerfulness of prisoners, 109
Date of construction, 1
Granite used for, 12–13
Health of prisoners, 167
Numbers at, in 1811, 286
Records of the “Cachot” quoted, 65–66
Tragic suicide of a prisoner in 1814, 253
David, Jean Baptiste:
Engaged in illicit trade, 141, 183, 184–185, 187, 188
Passport of, 310–311
Davis, Rev. Father A. H., on Sunday trading at Norman Cross Prison, 99
Davis, Rev. Father Robert A., reference to, 19
Davis, _History of Luton_, on straw plait industry, 138
Decourbes, Captain, duel with Captain Robert, 216–217
Delafons, John, appointed agent, and instructions to, 38–40, 44
De Lancey, General, defalcations and inquiry into, x.–xii., 9
De la Porte, Jean: _See_ La Porte, Jean de
Delapoux, John Andrew:
Appointment at Norman Cross, 59, 247
Baptism of children, 178–179
Marriage register, 59
Denmark:
British prisoners of war in, reference to, 238
Prisoners of war in England, 249
Dent, Challoner, storekeeper at Norman Cross, 49
Deschamps, Nicholas, trial for forgery, 66–67
Devoust, Lieut., parole prisoner, 216
De Winter, Admiral, defeat of Camperdown, 51
Dobee, Joseph, Captain of _La Sophie_, parole prisoner, 215
Draper, Captain John, R.N.:
Agent at Norman Cross, 38
Humane treatment of prisoners, 143–144
Drummond, Hugh, baptism of son, 179
Du Chattelier, Charles Lewis de Salmon: _See_ Salmon du Chattelier
Duels:
Frequency, 159
Record of those at Verdun, 315, 320, 327
Duncan, Admiral, battle of Camperdown, 51
Dundas, Mr., Secretary of State, prisoners of war controversy with
France, 71, 80, 109
Dussage, Pierre, assumed name of Nazarean, 195
Dutch prisoners of war:
English service joined by, 55
Good conduct of, 107
Marriages to English girls, 206–209
Number in England, 203
Parole prisoners at Peterborough, 194
Registers at Norman Cross, 268
Sent to Norman Cross, 51
* * * * *
Ennis, Lieutenant Peter, 49
_Entente Cordiale_, _L’_, proposal of association to erect monument at
Norman Cross, 174
Exchange of prisoners:
Failure of negotiations, 217–222
Punishment by deprivation of chance, 64
* * * * *
Fearnall, William, report on Norman Cross Prison, 18, 26, 126, 259–264
Felix, Colonel, parole prisoner, 216
Fens, the waterways the cheapest mode of transport, 41–42
Fitzwilliam, George Wentworth, 181–182
Fitzwilliam, William, Fourth Earl:
Correspondence with and relative to the Bishop of Moulins, 141, 180,
181–187, 291–311
Yorkshire election of 1807, 182–183
Folksworth, village, residence at, of wives of soldiers, 175
Fontaine, Vincent, death certificate, 172
Food:
Contracts for and rations allowed, 69–72
Correspondence with French Government on provision of, for prisoners
of war, 270–285
Cost to the country of providing, 68–69
Diet allowed to British prisoners in France, 234, 237
Hospital diet, 169–179
Insufficiency of rations complained of, 270–285
Prices in 1797, 19
Prisoners’ committee of inspection, 63, 72
Punishment by reduction of rations, 64
Sale of rations, and measures to prevent, 121–123
Specifications for quality for Norman Cross Prison, 43
Forbes, James, prisoner at Verdun, 236
Forbes, J. Macbeth, on forgery by prisoners, 147
Forby, Rev. Robert, description of Norman Cross Prison, 34–35
Forgery of banknotes by prisoners, 145, 147–148
Foulley, French prisoner, model of Norman Cross Prison, 19–20, 91, 251
Fowkes, Mr., references to, 182, 183
France:
Correspondence with British Government relative to prisoners of war,
73–88, 108–109, 270–285
Exchange of prisoners, failure of negotiations, 217–222
Treaty of Amiens and return of prisoners of war, 239–242
War of 1793, cost to England, 2
_See also_ Norman Cross Prison and Prisoners of War
Franey, Mr., house at Norman Cross, 31
Freemasons, Masonic Lodges of prisoners of war, 204–205
_Furie_, capture, 52, 53–54
* * * * *
Gallois, M., appointment as French agent, 79
Gambling, misery and evil from, 95–96, 107–111, 113–123, 276, 280–282,
283, 285
Garden, Count Guillaume de, on treaty of Amiens, 245
Gardiner, William, clerk at Norman Cross, 247, 262
George, Sir Rupert:
Appointment as Transport Commissioner, 7
Correspondence on maintenance and treatment of prisoners, 275–282
Correspondence relative to the Bishop of Moulins, 141–143, 302–303,
309
Letter on manufacture of straw plait, 134–135
Godfrov, prisoner of war, 97
Godwin, Rev. G. N.:
On the Bishop of Moulins, 181, 185
Reference to, 241
Gourny, Jacques, prisoner of war, 97
Govstry, Helen, marriage with M. Salvert, 216
Gower, Captain, prisoner of war, 235
Grieg, M., artistic work, 97
* * * * *
Habart, Jean Marie Philippe, marriage with Elizabeth Snow, 209–219
Hadley, Mr., of Lynn, contract for conveyance of prisoners, 248
Halliday, Alexander, stabbed by a prisoner, 67
Hammocks, use of by prisoners, 90–91
Handslip, Captain, purchase of house at Norman Cross, 31
Hansell, Captain W., R.N.: _See_ Hanwell
Hanwell, Captain W., R.N.:
Agent at Norman Cross, 38
Death certificate of Vincent Fontaine, 172
References to, 126, 263, 264
Harewood, Lord, Yorkshire Election of 1807, 182–183
Hawker, Mr., inquiry into condition of prisoners, 123
Hawkins, Captain, reference to, 199
Hay, James, of Liverpool, contractor for Norman Cross, 42–44
Hayes, Corporal, reference to, 148
Hayes, Rev. W., of King’s Cliffe, baptismal register kept by, 178–179
Henderson, Mr., lease of Norman Cross Barracks 1802, 243–244
Herbert, J. A., J.P., house at Norman Cross, 30, 175
Higgins, Dr., physician at Norman Cross, on condition of prisoners, 76–78
Hill, John, plan of Norman Cross Prison, 18–19
Hinde, Rev. T., Protestant Chaplain to Norman Cross Barracks, 176
Holditch, Captain:
Conveyance of released prisoners to France, 241
Kindness to French prisoners, 241
Hopkinson, Rev. John:
Career, 224, 230–233
Narrative of English prisoners at Verdun, 223–233
Register of fellow prisoners at Verdun, 312–341
Horn work of prisoners, 131–132
Hospital at Norman Cross Prison:
Description of building, 24–25
Diet allowed, 71
Number of patients (1797), 76–79
Staff, 168–169, 287–289
Treatment of prisoners in, 168–171
Howard, Anthony, assistant surgeon at Norman Cross, 168, 288
Hulks:
Criminal prisoners of war imprisoned in, 74
Fitted up for prisoners of war, 5–6
Health of prisoners in Herne Bay, 167
Offences punished by removal to, 64
Parole breakers sent to, 196
Hunt, Joseph, Transport Commissioner, 7
* * * * *
Ijirke, Admiral, capture of ship, 51
“Indifférents, Les,” grade of society among prisoners, 113
Inquests, 151
International Law, on treatment of prisoners of war prior to Napoleon’s
wars, 3–4
_Intrépide_, _L’_, surrender, 129
Ives, Sergeant, outrage on and probable cause, 141
* * * * *
Jan, Louis, marriage with a Miss Edwards, 205–206
Jerrold, Douglas, comedy of _The Prisoner of War_, 235–236
_Jupiter_, capture, 53
* * * * *
“Kaiserlies, Les”: _See_ “Romans”
Kelly, Captain John, 29–30, 128
Kelly, Major:
Lines written on death of, 29
Plan of Norman Cross Prison, 19
Purchase of house on sale of Norman Cross Prison, 28–39
King’s Royal Rifle Corps, 53
Kingston, Mary, marriage with Adrian Roelans, 207
Knogz, E. B., surgeon on the _Duyffe_, 208
* * * * *
“Laboureurs, Les,” grade of society among prisoners, 113
Lamb, John, diary quoted, 46
Lambertini, Petronio, death at Norman Cross, 253
Lamplugh, T., reference to, 18
La Porte, Jean de, straw marquetry work, 97, 129
Larfeuil, Pierre, assistant surgeon, 168, 288
Larpent, J. S., application for release, 218
Lascelles, Hon. Henry, defeat in Yorkshire election of 1807, 182–183
La Tour, Stephen John Baptiste de Galois de, bishop of Moulins:
Career, 182–189, 293–297
Correspondence with Earl Fitzwilliam, 181–187, 291–319
Religious ministrations at Norman Cross, 99, 178–189
Servant engaged in illicit trade, 141
Traditional story erroneous, 180–185
_Lavengro_, by Borrow:
Journey across the Fens described, 41–42
Norman Cross Prison described, 32–34
“Straw-plait hunts” described, 34, 137, 143–144
Lebetre (Lebertre), Colonel, pamphlet on British ill-treatment of
prisoners of war, 88, 166–167
Leek, parole prisoners at, 214–217
Lefebre, General, breaking of his parole, 211
Le Fevre, Francis, personation of Batrille, 220–221
_Leviathan_, in action at Trafalgar, 129
Lewin, Mr., of Yaxley, description of prisoners, 92
Little, Joseph, of Thorpe, marriage with Mary Roelans, 207
Lloyd, Captain George, sketch of Norman Cross Prison, 22
Lloyd, Lieutenant J. W., 198
“Lords, Les,” grade of society among the prisoners, 113
Luneand, Charles, parole prisoner, 215
* * * * *
Macgregor, Lieutenant, plan of Norman Cross Prison, 19
Mackenzie, Mr., exchange of prisoners’ negotiations, 221
Magennis, James, surgeon at Norman Cross, 77–78
Mansell, Dr., of Pembroke, 157
Markets in prison walls:
Closed by Transport Commissioners, 148
Offences punished by closing, 65
Permission to hold, 72, 283
Regulations, 63, 97–99
Marquetry work:
Dyes used in, discussion on, 126–127
Straw, skill of prisoners, 128–129
_Marquis of Carmarthen_, transport ship, mutiny on, 49
Marriages:
Dutch prisoners to English women, 206–209
French prisoners to English women, reason for opposition to, 209
Marsh, John, Transport Commissioner, 7
Mason, Sarah, marriage with J. A. Delapoux, 179
Mellows, W. T., parliamentary paper relative to prisoners of war, 279
Mien, John, servant to General Brunet, 216
Militia, service compulsory, but purchase of substitutes, 8
Milton, C. W. Wentworth, Viscount, defeat of Tory rival in 1807, 182–183
“Misérables, Les,” of Norman Cross, account of, 111, 112–123
Moorsom, Captain, secretary to Lord Mulgrave, 302
Moulins, Bishop of: _See_ La Tour, S. J. B. de Galois de
Muir, Alexander, life saved by prisoner, 199
Mulgrave, Lord, correspondence on the Bishop of Moulins, 180, 187,
302–309
Mullot, Chevalier J. Baptiste, parole prisoner, 215
* * * * *
Napoleon Buonaparte:
Abdication and retirement to Elba, 250–251
Change in treatment of prisoners of war under, 3–6
Edict as to treatment of prisoners of war 1800, 81, 83, 108–109
Exchange of prisoners, failure of negotiations, 221–222
Mode of obtaining supplies in war, 82
Re-opening of hostilities with England 1803, 244–246
Narde, Jean de, attempts to escape and shot, 159–169
Neau, James Francis, sale of articles made by prisoners, 216
Nepean, Sir Evan, secretary of the Admiralty, 267
Nettement, M., entrusted with provision of supplies for prisoners of war,
79–89
Nicolls, General, construction of Norman Cross Prison, 13
Niou, M., prisoners of war controversy, 74, 80, 272–275
Norman Cross Prison:
Arrival and registration of prisoners, 47–57
Borrow’s description, 32–34
Burials, 173–175
Clothing and maintenance, provision of and controversy over, 73,
75–88, 108–109, 276–285
Conduct of prisoners, 149–162
Construction of, 1–16, 17–38
Demolished and site sold, 254–255
Discipline, regulations, 62–68
Employment of prisoners, 124–149
Escapes and attempts to escape, 152–161
Establishment, 37–46, 58–61
Exchange of prisoners, negotiations, 217–222
Exhibition at Peterborough of articles made by prisoners, ix.
Hospital staff, 287–289
“Los Misérables,” account of, 111, 112–123
Life of the prisoners, 89–111
Model of, by M. Foulley, 251
Mortality and sickness at, 110–111, 163–172
Numbers at, 1811, 286
Parole prisoners sent to, 195–196, 213–215
Rations allowed, 68–72
Registers, specimens of entries, 268–269
Release of prisoners 1802 and 1814, 239–242, 251–253
Religious ministration at, 174–189
Re-opening 1803, 247–251
Report on survey by Fearnall, 259–264
Sale of goods and barracks let 1802, 242–244
Norvus, M., on Napoleon’s demands on Britain, 245
* * * * *
Obscene pictures and carvings, traffic in, 148–149
Otto, M., correspondence on treatment of prisoners of war, 83–84, 111,
190–191, 276–285
Otway, Wm. Albany:
Appointed Transport Commissioner, 7
Correspondence on treatment of prisoners of war, 275–282
* * * * *
Palmer, Mr., on parole prisoners, 213–214
Paper work by prisoners, 132–133
Paris, Louis Felix, expert in the ormolu business, 146
Paris, Treaty of, 1814, release of prisoners of war, 251–253
Parole prisoners:
Allowance to, 199–201
Breaking of parole, 211–214
Conditions of life of, 190–222
Form of engagement, 196–197
French suggestions for liberating, 279
Imprisoned at Norman Cross, 195–196, 213–215
Masonic Lodges, 204–205
Number and distribution, 89, 192–195, 202–203, 212, 286
Patten, Philip, Transport Commissioner, 7
Paull, Miss, of Truro, 133
Peltier, M., prosecution by British Government, 245
Pemberton, Captain, at Norman Cross, 35
Pembroke Prison, escape of prisoners, 156–157
Perrot, James:
Agent at Norman Cross Prison, 38, 40, 44–45, 106
Escape of prisoners, 154
Statements as to condition and treatment of prisoners, 76–78
Perth Prison:
Date of construction, 1–2
Description, 149
Peterborough, buildings constructed from Norman Cross material, 37
Peterborough Museum:
Plans of Norman Cross Prison, 18–19
Specimens of prisoners’ industries, ix., 97, 128–133, 139
Phillips, Maberley, F.S.A., reference to, 93
Pillet, René Martin, misrepresentations as to British treatment of
prisoners of war, 84–88
Pineau, Ensign Louis, escape and recapture, 195
Pius VII., pope, remonstrance with on French policy, 188
Pletsz, B., Captain of the _Furie_, 206
Plymouth Mill Prison, number of prisoners at, 19
Pondicherry, captured garrison sent to Norman Cross, 51
Pontcarré, M. de, and the Bishop of Moulins, 293–294
Poore, Mr., construction of Norman Cross Prison, 13, 15
Porchester Castle, prisoners of war sent to, 19
Pors, Jean François, French prisoner killed by, 149, 159
Portland, Duke of, treatment of prisoners of war, correspondence, 80,
271–272
Poulden, Captain, agent for prisoners of war, 247
Press, English, Napoleon’s demand for restricting liberty of, 245
Pressland, Elizabeth Colinette, marriage to G. H. Walker, 24
Pressland, Captain Thomas, R.N.:
Agent at Norman Cross Depot, 24, 38, 247
Death at Norman Cross and burial, 175
Hospital staff report, 287–289
Instructions to, respecting religious ministrations to prisoners, 177
Priests, prisoners’ request for and attitude of Government, 177–189
Prisoners of War:
Accommodation of, difficulties and arrangements, 8–16
Agents for appointed, 38, 247
Allowances made to British in France, 234, 235, 237
Code of regulations, 62–65
Controversy between France and Britain over treatment of, 73–88,
108–109, 270–285
Employments, 96–99, 124–149
Escapes and attempts to escape, 152–161
Exchange of, negotiations, 217–222
“Les Misérables” and the “Romans,” 112–123
Managed by Transport Office, 6–7
Modern improvement in manner of treating, 56
Mortality and sickness among, 110–111, 163–172
Napoleon’s influence on treatment of, 3–6
Narratives of British in France, 223–238
Norman Cross Prison: _See_ that title
Number of, 5–6, 83, 90, 248, 286
Parole prisoners: _See_ that title
Personation of fellow prisoners, 220–221
Register of prisoners at Verdun kept, by Rev. John Hopkinson, 312–341
Release after Treaty of Paris, 251–253
Seized by Napoleon 1803, 246
Punishments, enumeration of, 64–65
* * * * *
Rations of prisoners: _See_ under Food
Registers:
Description and value of those at Norman Cross, 50–56
Verdun prisoners, kept by Rev. J. Hopkinson, 312–341
_Réunion_, frigate, sailors from, sent to Norman Cross, 49
_Révolutionnaire_, man-of-war, sailors from, sent to Norman Cross, 49
Ribout, prisoner of war, 97
Richards, James, chief clerk and interpreter at Norman Cross, 49
Riviere, M., of the French Admiralty, 199
Robert, Captain, duel with Captain Decourbes, 217
Robinette family, family tradition erroneous, 59–69
Roelans, Adrian Roeland Robberts, marriage to Mary Kingston, 206–207
Roelans, Mary, marriage to Joseph Little, 207, 208
“Romans” of Dartmoor Prison, 111, 112–123
Rose, Lucy, marriage with C. P. Vanderaa, 207
Rose, Nancy, marriage with Antoni Staring, 207–208
Roubillard, Jean, trial for forgery, 66–67
Ruddle, Dan, purchase of block of Norman Cross Prison, 23, 37
* * * * *
Salmon du Chattelier, C. L. de, formerly Vicar-General of the Diocese of
Mans, 179
Salvert, M., marriage with Helen Govstry, 216
Sands, H. B., proposal to erect monument at Norman Cross, 174
Sands, Mrs., 139
Sarrazin, Jean:
Career, 85–86
Refutation of statements made by Pillet, 85–86
Savary, M., French surgeon at Norman Cross, 77–78
Schank, John, Transport Commissioner, 7
Seamen, British:
Conduct as prisoners of war, 237–238
Efforts to induce prisoners to enter French service, 234
Serle (Searle), Ambrose:
Appointed Transport Commissioner, 7
Correspondence and report on treatment of prisoners, 100, 127, 152,
275–284
Sievwright, William, on illicit straw-plait trade, 144
Sissinghurst Prison, 109
Sixtieth Foot (60th): _See_ King’s Royal Rifle Corps
Sixtieth Royal Americans: _See_ King’s Royal Rifle Corps
Sleigh, _History of Leek_, on parole prisoners, 215–217
Smith, Captain Sir Sidney, efforts to obtain release, 79, 195, 273
Snow, Elizabeth, marriage with Jean Habart, 209–219
Spilsbury, Sarah, marriage with Joseph Vattel, 216
Squire, Thomas, agent for supervision of parole prisoners, 49–50, 193
Stapleton Prison, prisoners of war sent to, 246
Staring, Antoni, marriage with Nancy Rose, 207–208
Stephenson, General, inquiry into condition of prisoners, 123
Stilton cheese, origin of name, 34
_Story of Dartmoor Prison_, quoted, xiii., 65–66, 112–123, 253
Straw hats and bonnets, illicit trade by prisoners, 133–145
Straw marquetry: _See_ Marquetry work
Straw plait:
Manufacture by prisoners, 134–145, 302–319
Splitter machine invented by prisoners of war, 138–139
“Straw-plait hunts” described by Borrow, 34, 137, 143
Strazynski, Captain A., escape and recapture, 194–195
Strong, Archdeacon, 22, 127
_Stuyver_, privateer, capture, 53
Suicides, large number, 159
Sunday trading at Norman Cross Prison, 98–99
Swinburne, Mr., agent for British Government in France, 57
* * * * *
_Tableau de la Grande-Bretagne_, by Jean Sarrazin, 85
_Tartuffe_, _La_, frigate, capture, 51
Taylor, A. C, 128
Thesiger, Captain, agent for prisoners of war, 247
Thomson, Basil:
Indebtedness to, acknowledged, xiii.
_Story of Dartmoor Prison_, quoted, 65–66, 111, 112–123, 253
Thornhill, Cooper, sale of Stilton cheese, 34
Thorpe, John T., on Masonic Lodges of prisoners, 204–205
Todd, William, store-clerk at Norman Cross, 59, 247, 262
Tong, Pierre Marie, release of, 198–199
Toufflet, Jean, marriage, 216
Trafalgar, battle of, 129
Transport Office:
Creation and duties, 6, 37–38
Prisoners’ traffic in obscene articles reported to, 148
Tucker, Lieutenant, description of life as prisoner of war, 234–235
* * * * *
Usury, misery caused by, and efforts to prevent, 107–111, 113–123, 276,
281, 283, 285
* * * * *
Valenciennes, prisoners of war sent to, 236
Vanderaa, Charles Peter:
Career, 208
Marriage with Lucy Rose, 207
Vandome, naval officer, linguist, 216
Vattel, Emérie de, on treatment of prisoners of war, 4
Vattel, Joseph, marriage with Sarah Spilsbury, 216
Verdun, British prisoners of war at:
Experiences of, 223–238
Register kept by the Rev. John Hopkinson, 312–341
Vergette family, descent, 69
Victoire, Mme, of France, patroness of the Bishop of Moulins, 183, 293
_Ville de L’Orient_, _La_, capture, 51
Vinter, Mr., 133
Vird, Lieutenant, 217
* * * * *
Wages:
Paid to prisoners of war, 125
Rates of, in Norman Cross district (1797), 16
Walker, George, Surgeon:
Appointment, salary, and allowances, 168, 287, 288, 289
Marriage, 24–25
Reference to, 260
Wallis, Lieutenant, on allowance to parole prisoners, 199–209
Warne, General, suicide at Verdun, 87
Wellington, Duke of:
On exchange of prisoners, 218
Prisoners of war sent from the Peninsula, 259
Whitwell, Ann, marriage with Albertus Coeymans, 206
Wilberforce, William, Yorkshire election of 1807, 182–183
Wood, Timothy, tried for murder, 151
Wood carving by prisoners of war, 132
Woodriff, Captain, R.N.:
Agent at Norman Cross, 38, 40, 45–46
Biography, 265–267
Charges against, refuted, 86
Epidemic among prisoners, 164
Gambling and usury in prison, report on, 107–108
House at Norman Cross let (1802), 243
Inquiry into causes of mutiny on the _Marquis of Carmarthen_, 48–49
Letter on clothing for prisoners, 275–276
Order to prevent malingering, 171
Price of provisions and rates of wages, report on, 16
Prisoner of war in France, 235
Wotton, Sarah, marriage with Berthold Wyeth, 208
Wyeth, Berthold J. J., marriage, 208
* * * * *
Yeomanry, class enlisted from and duties of, 8
Yorkshire election 1807, 182–183
Ysbrands, J., Captain of the _Courier_, 207
* * * * *
PRINTED BY
HAZELL, WATSON AND VINEY, LD.,
LONDON AND AYLESBURY.
FOOTNOTES
{0a} Fortescue: _History of the British Army_, iv. 904–6. Clode:
_Military Forces of the Crown_, i. 240.
{0b} _The Story of Dartmoor Prison_, by Basil Thomson. (London: William
Heinemann. 1907.)
{0c} _The French Prisoners of Norman Cross_. A Tale by the Rev. Arthur
Brown, Rector of Catfield, Norfolk. (London: Hodder Brothers, 18, New
Bridge Street, E.C.)
{4} Vattel, _Les Droits des Gens_, book iii, chap, iii, sec. 49, p. 150.
{5} “Prisoners of War,” _Chambers’ Journal_, No. 21, 1854, p. 330.
{6a} It will be seen in a later chapter what class of men the prisoners
were to whom these words would come home.
{6b} July 1797—_Reports House of Commons_, “18th Report of Committee of
Finance.”
{7} Schomberg, _Naval Chronology_, chap. v., p. 213.
{9} In 1803 the Earl of Carysfort of the Irish Peerage took the title of
Lord Carysfort of Norman Cross, as a Peer of the United Kingdom.
{12} The price of timber had risen in December 1806 to £8 8_s._ a load;
at one date the contractor complained that even by paying £12 a load he
could not obtain fifty loads in Plymouth. _The Story of Dartmoor
Prison_, Basil Thomson. (London: William Heinemann, 1907.)
{14} The sum of £14,800 was paid to Adams between the 1st January 1797
and 29th November 1797 in the following instalments:
Jan. 1797 £1,500 April 12th 1797 £1,000
,, 2nd 1797 1,000 May 5th 1797 500
,, 6th 1797 1,000 Aug. 5th 1797 150
,, 13th 1797 1,000 „ 15th 1797 400
,, 17th 1797 500 Sept. 28th 1797 500
,, 31st 1797 1,000 Oct. 6th 1797 370
Feb. 9th 1797 500 ,, 9th 1797 500
,, 21st 1797 600 ,, 13th 1797 500
Mar. 5th 1797 500 Nov. 23rd 1797 1,000
,, 19th 1797 500 ,, 28th 1797 500
,, 26th 1797 450 „ 29th 1797 500
,, 30th 1797 330
The total amount paid to 19th November 1797 for the Norman Cross Prison
was £34,518 11_s._ 3_d._, for Hull £22,600, for Lewes £12,400, and for
Colchester £15,620.
{16} As illustrating the hardship which, already in its fourth year,
this war had imposed upon the nation, the following extract from the
report furnished to the Transport Office, by Captain Woodriff, R.N.,
agent to the Commissioners, of the average price of provisions and the
rate of wages in the district in which the Depot had been established,
during the time that the prison and barracks were erecting, may be of
interest. Mutton was 10½_d._ per lb., beef 1_s._ per lb., bread 1s. per
quartern loaf. Carpenters’ wages were 12s. per week, shoemakers’ 10_s._,
bakers’ 9_s._, blacksmiths’ 8_s._, and husbandmen 7_s._ Starvation wages
were then a literal truth. Four years later from a Parliamentary Report
we find the Government granting a bounty on all imported wheat, in order
to keep the price down to £5 a quarter, other grain being treated in the
same way. We can well understand that, as the price of provisions went
up, and the taxation increased with the prolongation of the war (a war
which, however it originated, was prolonged for years by the ambitious
projects of Buonaparte for the aggrandisement of himself and of France),
the animosity not only of the actual combatants, but also of the
suffering men, women, and children, steadily grew against the man and the
nation whom they regarded as the authors of all their misery.
{18} Appendix A.
{23a} _Auctioneer’s Catalogue_, (Jacobs’ Peterborough, 1816).
{23b} M. Foulley’s description of his model on Key Plan, Pl. xx., p.
251.
{24} The following entry in the Register of Marriages in St. John’s
Church, Peterborough, probably explains the reason for the housing of the
surgeon in a comfortable brick house within those prison walls, instead
of in the very indifferent quarters in the hospital casern:—
“October 18th, 1808, George H. Walker of Yaxley to Elizabeth
Colinette Pressland of St. John’s.—Witnesses: Thomas Pressland,
Thomas Alderson Cook, James Gibbs.”
Mr. George H. Walker was the surgeon to the Prison, which was in the
Parish of Yaxley, and Captain Pressland, R.N., had been for some years,
after the renewal of the war in 1803, Superintendent of the Prison, so
among all these dry details crops up the picture of our human life. We
see the young medical officer passing through the door in the Prison wall
which communicated with the Superintendent’s house (the door over which
the wall is seen rising with a ramp in the photographs of the only
fragments of the wall now remaining) to spend happy hours with Captain
Pressland’s family. We see friendship ripening into love, the story told
by the entry in the Register of St. John’s Church, Peterborough, and then
in the Register of St. Peter’s, Yaxley, we are brought face to face with
a tragedy, for the last entry of a burial from the Depot is “Captain
Thomas Pressland, Norman Cross. March 21st, 1814. 59 years. Signed, J.
Hinde, Curate,” and there can be little doubt that from the house to
which, mainly through his future father-in-law’s influence, Surgeon
Walker was able in the third year of its existence to bring Elizabeth
Colinette Pressland as his bride, while the bells of Yaxley Church rang
out a merry marriage peal, six years later passed the body of Captain
Pressland himself to be laid in Yaxley Churchyard, while the death bell
tolled its solemn note. For six years this house was the house of the
couple for whom it was built. It was in the auctioneer’s catalogue, when
it was sold on the 2nd October 1810, nothing more than “An excellent
brick dwelling-house, containing a cellar 12 ft. 6 in. by 11 ft. 2 in.,
parlour 13 ft. 3 in. by 13 ft. 8 in., etc., etc.” To us, 100 years
later, it is a part of the great tragedy of Norman Cross, and by the
light of the registers we see it in those short eight years from its
building to its destruction the scone of the brightest joys and the
deepest griefs of men and women whose names we know, whose persons we can
imagine, and who help to clothe those cold, dry records with the warmth
of human life.
{28a} On a range of the stabling purchased in 1816 to be re-erected as
farm buildings in a neighbouring village, over one of the doors there
stands out in bold relief, owing to the protective influence of the
paint, the letters B. A. T., and in the auctioneer’s catalogue the Range
is described as Bathorse Stable Range. From Stœqueler’s _Military
Encyclopædia_, we learn that “Bat” signified a pack saddle; “Bathorse,”
one which carried a pack; “Batman,” the man in charge of the Bathorse.
The latter term came to be used for an officer’s servant, while the
Bathorse Stable was applied to a military stable for draught and other
horses.
{28b} In his interesting romance, _The French Prisoners of Norman
Cross_, the Rev. Arthur Brown speaks of Mr. Vise as Chief Surgeon at the
Prison; this, of course, is an error, the prisoners were not attended by
the neighbouring practitioners. The statement that the surgeons were all
English is also erroneous.
{29} Major Kelly was highly esteemed and at the time of his death (when
the Indian Mutiny was not yet quelled) the following lines were published
in a local newspaper:—
A MONODY ON THE LATE MAJOR KELLY
Peace to the virtuous brave!
Another son of chivalry lies low:
Not in the flush of youth he finds a grave,
Not stricken to the dust by foreign foe
He fainting falls;—but laden with full years,
With white-hair’d glory crown’d, he lays him down
In earth’s maternal lap, and with him bears
Benevolence, high honour, renown,
And love-begetting mem’ries, such as throw
A halo round the thoughts of mortals here below.
Earth! keep thy treasured dead
Awhile, in holy trust! Not with vain tears
Wail we the loss of him who bravely bled
For England’s might and weal, in early years,
When life’s warm pulse beat high, and buoyant hopes
On tip-toe look’d afar at distant fame;
When views of greatness fill’d his vision’s scope,
And daring deeds lent glory to a name:
Here on our soldier’s grave no tear should fall;
All hidden be our grief, as ’neath a funeral pall.
O! that in this, our need,
This hour of trial, when the swart Sepoy
Blurs the fair front of nature, with each deed
Of villainy conceiving; when the joy
That, like the sun, lights up affection’s eyes,
Is blotted out by Indian hate and lust—
O! that a host of Kellys could arise,
And with avenging steel, unto the dust,
Smite down the Smiter, that the world might know
How true the Briton as a friend, how mighty as a foe!
O. P.
_The Peterborough Advertiser_, 13th February 1858.
This monody not only shows the esteem in which the Major was held by the
local poet and his neighbours, but in the last stanza it revives the
memory of a crisis in the history of the empire, and of the throes of the
Indian Mutiny, from which our country was suffering when Major Kelly
died.
{30} _Auctioneer’s Catalogue_ (Peterborough: G. Robertson, Bookseller.
1816!)
{31} The most valuable direct evidence as to the appearance of the
barracks and prison which I was able to obtain in 1891, was from an old
Mr. Lewin of Yaxley, who was born in 1802, and had been very familiar
with the Depot in his childhood. He used frequently to ride in through
this west gate in the tradesmen’s carts, but he spoke always of the
entrance on the south front as the main entrance. This old gentleman’s
memory was wonderfully clear, and his accounts I regarded as thoroughly
trustworthy.
{34} The well-known Stilton cheese was never made at Stilton, which was
not in a dairy district; it was made in Leicestershire and sent to
Stilton, where Mr. Cooper Thornhill, the sporting landlord of the old
sixteenth-century coaching inn, The Bell (he once for a wager rode 218
miles on horseback in 12 hours and 15 minutes), used to supply it to his
customers, selling the cheeses, it is said, at half a crown a pound.
{38a} To the post of agent at Norman Cross there were appointed, during
the seventeen years in which the prison was occupied, two civilians and
four naval officers. Of the two civilians, Mr. John Delafons sent in his
formal resignation eight days after his appointment.
Mr. James Perrot, appointed on the 7th April 1797, held his office until
January 1799.
Captain Woodriff, R.N., appointed January 1799, held his office until the
Peace of Amiens, April 1802 (see Appendix B).
Captain Thos. Pressland, R.N., was appointed after the War was renewed in
May 1803, and served from 18th June 1803 until August 1811.
Captain J. Draper, R.N., succeeded to the post, and held it until his
death in February 1813.
Captain W. Hansell, R.N., became agent on the death of Captain Draper,
and relinquished the post in August 1814 after the Abdication of
Buonaparte and his retirement to Elba.
{38b} There is evidence in correspondence still extant, that much
friction arose between the commander of the Military Guard and the agent,
as to the power of the latter to interfere in the steps required for the
safe custody of the prisoners.
{40} This shows that about 4,000 prisoners were to be removed from
Falmouth to Norman Cross, their hammocks, added to the 1,000 on the way
from London, making the number correspond with the 5,000 sets of bedding.
{42} _Lavengro_, chap. iii.
{44} Evidence that two years later meat could be obtained at a much
lower rate has come under my notice, from an unexpected source. On the
fly-leaf of a copy of Batty’s Bible, in the possession of a descendant of
Mr. W. Fowler, is written below the name W. Fowler (in the same writing,
but in paler ink), “Came down to Norman Cross March 10th, 1799, to serve
the prisoners of War at Yaxley.” In a different handwriting has been
inserted after “Came down,” “from London,” and after Yaxley, “with Beef
at 28_s._ the cwt.” The date 1799 has also been altered in dark ink to
1795, which was of course a wrong correction, as there was no prison at
Norman Cross until 1797.—T. J. W.
{46} Appendix B, Biographical Sketch of Captain Woodriff.
{49} So slowly did the Government inquiry which followed on Captain
Woodriff’s report progress, that it was not until two years later that
judgment was pronounced.—_Naval Chronicle_, vol. i., pp. 523–6.
{50} For examples of the individual entries in the General Register, the
Death Register, and the Register of Prisoners on Parole, see Appendix C.
{52} Cartel is an agreement between foreign states as to the exchange of
the prisoners; its meaning was extended to the document authorising the
exchange of an individual prisoner, and it was even used to signify the
transport vessel engaged to convey the exchanged prisoners to their
native country.
{59} In All Souls’ Church at Peterborough is preserved the Register,
kept by the resident Priest at King’s Cliff, of the baptisms performed by
priests within the mission of his church. Stilton, the Depot, and the
surrounding villages were within that district. Two of the entries are
baptisms of the sons of Delapoux; they will be referred to in a future
chapter. They have always been supposed to be those of the baptism of
the children of a French prisoner, who had married an English wife (these
marriages were of rare occurrence), and the discovery in the Record
Office of this entry of John Andrew Delapoux’s appointment as a clerk is
an instance of the way in which research upsets old traditions. I find
the entry of Delapoux’s marriage to Sarah Mason on the 2nd September
1802, in the Register of Stilton church. His children were baptized as
Catholics, and the priest specially calls Sarah Mason his lawful wife.
Another instance in this list, selected haphazard by Mr. Rhodes from
papers in the Record Office, shows how in two generations a false family
tradition may arise. In 1894 I visited, in search of information, the
daughter-in-law, then a widow aged eighty-six, of the James Robinette
whose engagement as a permanent mason and labourer at the Depot is
recorded on page 61. She told me her husband’s father was a French
prisoner, who had been made a turnkey at the Barracks! On searching the
church Register, 1 found that the Robinettes had been residents in Yaxley
fifty years at least before the arrival of the prisoners at Norman Cross,
and between 1748 and 1796 the records of three generations appear in the
register—James, the son of James and Catherine Robinette, born in 1780,
was doubtless the man appointed in 1813 to the job at the Barracks.
The Robinettes were probably some of the many French Huguenots who came
over after the repeal, on the 15th October 1685, of the Edict of Nantes,
and settled in the neighbourhood of Peterborough to further reclaim and
cultivate the lately drained fens. The fallacy of coming to conclusions,
founded on names only without other evidence, is illustrated by the
following sentence in a series of papers on Norman Cross published in the
_Peterborough Advertiser_ by the late Rev. G. N. Godwin: “At Stilton the
names of Habarte, of Drage, and of Tesloff, and near Thorney the name of
Egar, and at Peterborough, among others, the name of Vergette, still
speak of the old war time.” Of these names, Habarte alone is that of
descendants of a French prisoner, the majority of those bearing the
others are of the old Huguenot stock, while the Vergettes, who formerly
believed themselves to be descendants of an ancestor of this same stock,
now know that they were an old-established English family in 1555, when
their ancestor, Robert Vergette, was Sheriff of Lincoln.
{65} _Loc. cit._, 93–95.
{69} In a Parliamentary Report for the year 1800 it is stated that the
price of wheat was only kept down to £5 a quarter by the system of
bounties on imported wheat, the same applying to the prices of other
grain. The present proprietor of “The Oundle Brewery” kindly extracted
from the Books of the Firm particulars as to the beer supplied to the
Regiments quartered at Norman Cross in the year 1799. The total amount
was 4,449 barrels of 36 gallons each. This gentleman adds, the beer
could not be very good, the price being about 6_d._ a gallon. His father
said that _he_ had often been told by _his_ father, that the great
expansion of the business was due to the contract with the Barracks.
Buckles Brewery, a Peterborough business, also flourished on a large
contract to supply the prisoners with “Small Beer.” Mr. George Gaunt,
who was formerly in a large business as a butcher, informed me that,
taking the figures which I gave him as a basis, and the average weight of
a bullock at about 850 lb., he considered that from five to six would be
required every day, if beef alone and no other meat were supplied. These
figures give some idea of the advantages derived by the neighbouring
traders from this great Government Establishment.
The following extract from a letter addressed to me by Mr. Samuel Booth
shows how many people in one family group alone found employment in
connection with the Depot:
“I send you a few particulars about my relatives, which may, or may
not, be useful to you.
“My great-grandmother, Mrs. Allen, who lies in the old graveyard,
used to carry green-grocery to sell to the prisoners.
“My father’s father was Pay-Sergeant at the Barracks.
“My grandfather, Samuel Briggs, of Ailsworth, was constable; he was
also in the Militia, and was told off to keep guard on Thorpe Road,
at the entrance to Peterboro’, on the escape of some prisoners, but
who went the way to Ramsay. I have a box made by the prisoners,
presented to my grandfather, who was also a carpenter, and at times
went to work there. The prisoners used to beg pieces of wood and
other materials of him. He used to speak of their cleverness in the
making of fancy articles, and of their endeavours to escape—one got
in the manure cart, and got away.”
{70} When Greens are issued in lieu of Pease, one pound stripped of the
outer leaves and fit for the copper shall be issued to each prisoner.
Each prisoner shall receive two ounces of Soap per week.
{71} Knowing how dogs as a rule refuse to eat meat impregnated with
herbs and condiments, we probably have here the explanation of little
George Borrow’s impression of the food of the prisoners, which forty
years later made him write of it, “Rations of Carrion meat and bread from
which I have seen the very hounds occasionally turn away.” Every one who
knows the habit of dogs, knows that many of them would turn away from the
meat which had been boiled for four or five hours with a broth
impregnated with herbs.
{74a} In the light of modern science, we can well understand the origin
of the accusation by the British that the wells had been purposely
poisoned in order to kill the English prisoners. Enteric fever had not
then been differentiated from typhus, the mode of its spread was unknown,
and probably defective sanitation had led to poisoning of the well, as it
has done and still is doing in many a British town and village.
{74b} Correspondence with the French Government relative to Prisoners of
War Supplement, 1801, to Appendix No. 59. Report of the Transport Board
to the House of Commons, 1798.
{75} This will be dealt with in the following chapter.
{76} Report of the Transport Board to the House of Commons, 1798,
Appendix No. 59—Most valuable information on the merits of the dispute
between the two Governments has been obtained from the Report and its
Appendix, and from an imperfect copy of a Supplement to the Appendix,
issued from Downing Street, 6th Jan. 1801. This supplement is not to be
found either in the Library of the House of Commons or in the British
Museum, and the Fragment which contained thirty-nine out of fifty-three
letters indexed in the table of contents, in the course of its travels
through my hands and my agents’ and the typewriters’, has been lost.
This loss is irreparable, but I am able to publish in the text or in the
Appendix five of the fifty-three letters which were printed in this
supplement to the report. Appendix D.
{77} AFFIDAVITS OF PERROT, THE ENGLISH AND FRENCH SURGEON
_Copy of an Affidavit made by Mr. James Perrot_, _Agent for Prisoners of
War at Norman Cross_. _Dated Peterboro’_, 15_th December_ 1797.
These are to certify, that James Perrot, Agent for Prisoners of War at
Norman Cross, voluntarily maketh Oath, that to the best of his knowledge
and belief, the Certificate and Affidavits given by Dr. Higgins,
Physician, Mr. James Magennis, Surgeon, and Messiours Chatelin and
Savary, the French Assistant Surgeons to the Hospital at Norman Cross
Prisons, are strictly true, and corresponding with the accounts, daily
brought to him; and that the number of Patients in the said Hospital on
the 19th day of November last, were one hundred and ninety-four,
including twenty-four nurses, and the whole number of Prisoners,
including the Sick, were on that day confined in the said Prisons, 5028,
and from the first the establishment never exceeded 5178, and that to the
present date only 59 have died in the said Hospital; and further to the
best of his knowledge, neither contagious or epidemic disorders have ever
prevailed in the said Hospital or Prisons.
(Signed) J. PERROT, _Agent_.
Given under my hand at Peterboro’ this 15th day of December 1797.
(Signed) H. FREEMAN.
Copy of an Affidavit made by Dr. Higgins, Physician, and Dr. Magennis,
Surgeon.
We the undersigned do voluntarily certify upon Oath that the number of
Sick in the Hospital under our care at Norman Cross, on the 19th November
last, was 194, including 24 nurses; that the daily number from the 7th
August was always less; and that at no one period since the commencement
of the establishment did the actual number exceed 260. That the prisons
are systematically visited and searched every morning by the surgeon or
his assistants, and that every prisoner having feverish symptoms, however
slight, is immediately removed to the hospital.
No epidemic or contagious Fever.
(Signed) JAMES HIGGINS, M.D., _Physician_,
JAMES MAGENNIS, _Surgeon_.
_Translation of a certificate by the French Surgeons_, _M. Savary of the_
Hardy, _and M. Chatelaine_, _Surgeon-Major of the_ Ville de l’Orient.
The 24 men were employed as nurses. Whenever the prisoners are sent to
the Hospital, they are admitted, whether their disorders are slight or
violent, and while there, they are treated with humanity and attention,
and provided with everything necessary for the re-establishment of their
health. No epidemic or contagious distemper.
(_Ref. Parly. Paper_, 1797–8, vol. 50. pp. 131–3.)
{81} These extracts are from the lost supplement of date 1801 to the
_Parliamentary Report_, 1798.
{82} Alison’s _History of Europe_, from the commencement of the French
Revolution in 1789 to the Restoration of the Bourbons in 1815.
{90} The total number of prisoners in Britain increased greatly during
the second period of the war, until in 1814, after the abdication of
Buonaparte, there were 67,000 prisoners to be returned to France. To
provide for this vast body, Dartmoor and Perth, each capable of holding
as many prisoners as Norman Cross, had been built.
{99} My mother, who remembered being driven over at the age of five to
the stalls at the prison gate to buy a toy, could recall the appearance
of the stalls and the toys, but nothing more. It was probably one of the
fixed stalls shown at the eastern gate in MacGregor’s plan. The
materials of the stalls, the pebble paving, and the paled fence in front
of the market were sold, when the prison was demolished, for £20.
—T. J. W.
{100a} Appendix D.
{100b} _Loc. cit._, p. 131.
{103} Capt. Woodriff’s letter, Appendix D.
{104} In July 1799 the Dutch prisoners applied for the use of a building
for theatrical exhibitions, but “My Lords” would not hear of such a
thing, as “not being according to law, and might be attended with
inconvenience to the neighbourhood”; but about ten years later, as seen
in Foulley’s model, there is a theatre in the centre of the south-west
quadrangle.
{105} Appendix A.
{107} Appendix D.
{109} No. 10, Appendix D.
{111} When M. Foulley knew the prison seven years later, this block was
set apart for petty-officers and civilians.
{113} The remainder of this chapter is quoted verbatim from the _Story
of Dartmoor Prison_ (Basil Thomson).
{125} Basil Thomson, _loc. cit._, chap, xix., p. 202.
{126} _Vide_ Appendix A.
{129} In the great action off Cape Trafalgar on 21st October 1805, the
_Leviathan_, seventy-four guns, under Captain Bayton, was next to the
_Victory_. After passing through the enemy’s line she dismasted her
opponent, raked the _Santissima Trinidad_, and passed on to the _San
Augustin_, one of seven coming to surround her; this ship was silenced in
fifteen minutes, and the crew of the _Leviathan_, making her fast with a
hawser, towed her into the English Fleet with the English Jack flying.
The French ship _L’Intrépide_ had by distant firing cut into the sails
and rigging of the _Leviathan_, but three more British ships coming up,
_L’Intrépide_ was, after a noble resistance, also compelled to surrender,
and was set on fire by the _Britannia_. The crews were landed at
Portsmouth and transferred to Norman Cross, where they were received on
8th January 1806. One was Corporal Jean De la Porte, whose name appears
as the maker of signed straw marquetry pictures, and to whom are
attributed many other unsigned pictures of the same character. Mr. Jean
De la Porte is spoken of as an officer; had he been of that rank he would
not have been in the prison, but out on parole. He was a Petty Officer,
and would be in the Petty Officers’ prison. He was confined at Norman
Cross for nearly nine years, and during this long captivity his artistic
skill and taste must have enormously mitigated his suffering.
{131a} _On Horn and Tortoiseshell_, by H. Akin, late Secretary of the
Society of Arts, London. _Journal of the Franklin Institute_, _London_.
Series vol. xxvi., pp. 256–9. 1840.
{131b} I have a drinking-horn, given to me by the daughter-in-law of the
man for whom it was made, engraved with his name—J. Bates—surrounded by a
floral pattern.—T. J. W.
{133a} This art was practised by amateurs in the 18th century. In 1875
an attempt was made to reintroduce the work. “Mosaicon, or Paper
Mosaic,” W. Bemrose, jun. (Bemrose & Sons, 10, Paternoster Buildings,
E.C., and Irongate, Derby.)
{133b} The authenticity of the wine slides as Norman Cross work is
absolute. Mr. Vinter, who gave them to the author for presentation to
the museum, affirmed that his mother had known them all her life in the
house of her parents, an inn opposite the prison. Her father had
purchased them in the prison market. Mr. Vinter’s mother had herself
seen from a window of the house a prisoner shot by a sentinel as he was
attempting to escape. Of the caddies, one is in the possession of the
Countess of Lindsey at Uffington Park, twelve miles from Norman Cross
(Plate VII., Fig. 2, p. 40). Mr. Bodger has the second; it is of
beautiful design, but dilapidated. The third is in the collection of
Miss Paull, of Truro, and is known as the work of a French prisoner at
the Falmouth Depot (Plate VIII, Fig. 1, p. 46). It is possible that the
three caddies were all the work of the same artist, who may have been one
of the thousands of prisoners who were sent from Falmouth to Norman
Cross.
{134a} _Parliamentary History_, xxxvi. 450.
{134b} There were two rates for the tax on hats, those of a wider
diameter being taxed at the higher rate.
{134c} Norman Cross. Correspondence with the French Government relative
to prisoners of war, issued from Downing Street 1st January 1801, as a
supplement to Appendix 59. Report of the Transport Board to the House of
Commons, 1798.
{135} The Rev. E. Bradley (Cuthbert Bede), who half a century ago was
the incumbent of Denton, a village a little over a mile from Norman
Cross, left the following note among the MSS. which were prepared for a
history of Huntingdon, or, as he called it, _Cromwell’s County_, which
was never completed:
“The French prisoners at the prison made beautiful straw plaits,
which were purchased by people in Stilton and sold at a high rate.
For a long time they were forbidden to sell these plaits, but they
found means to do so through the soldiers. No doubt the soldiers
made a great deal of money in this way, although the plaits were sold
so cheaply that many people in Stilton made very respectable fortunes
by their sale. The soldiers secretly brought the straw plaits to the
houses, sometimes wrapped round their bodies under their clothes; in
this case they would go upstairs and undress, and then come down with
the straw plaits.
“I do not know how the prisoners got the straw, but as they could no
more make straw plaits without straw than the Israelites could make
bricks, I suppose the soldiers helped them to it. Much of the plait
(which was more neatly made than the English manufacture) was made up
and sold in Stilton. Other was hawked about round the district; also
sent to wholesale houses in London or elsewhere. One vendor of the
straw plaits cleared a thousand pounds in a few years.”
{136} Vol. 106.
{137} An old lady friend of mine, recently deceased, remembered in her
childhood seeing the children following a woman in the streets of
Peterborough, and singing, “Wind or storm, hail or snow, To the Barracks
she will go,” a doggerel which had been fastened on to her when she
carried over goods for sale at the market, and was supposed to smuggle in
cut straw and to bring back concealed about her person straw plait, which
she disposed of to the bonnet makers.—T. J. W.
{138} _Chambers’ Journal_, xxiii. 327. In the same journal (issue of
September 1908) is an article by A. F. Morris upon straw marquetry, in
which the introduction of that art into this country is ascribed to the
French.
{144} _Historical Sketch of the Old Depot_, _Perth_, William Sievwright,
1894.
{146a} Vol. ix., chap. lxiv., par. 127.
{146b} This information Alison gave from his own personal recollection.
I can confirm his account from what I have been told by my father, who in
his sixteenth and seventeenth years was living in Perth, and was in the
habit of going to the prison to take lessons in French and in fencing
from one of the officers confined there.—T. J. W.
{147} Curiously this article does not appear in Poole’s original Index,
but in the second supplement under “Banker’s Notes.”
{156} These were a part of the troops who in 1797 landed at Fishguard to
invade England through Wales. This long-planned invasion ended in a
fiasco.
{157a} Laws, _Little England Beyond Wales_, pp. 373–4.
{157b} _Legends of Huntingdonshire_, W. B. Saunders.
{158} W. H. Bernard Saunders, _loc. cit._, 1888.
{160a} _Archæologia Cantiana_, ix.–xciii.
{160b} _Chambers’ Miscellany_, No. 92, vol. vi., p. 32, New Edition.
_Story of a French Prisoner of War in England_.
{161} _Story of Dartmoor Prison_, pp. 32, 33.
{166} _Aperçu du Traitement qu’éprouvent les Prisonniers de Guerre
français en Angleterre_: Paris, 1813.
{167a} Appendix E.
{167b} _Naval Chronicle_, xxviii., 282.
{168} The expense of the prisoners’ clothing, provision, and supervision
was £1,000 a day exclusive of buildings.—_Naval Chronicle_, xxxiv., 460.
{169} Appendix F. Full return, with names, etc., of the hospital staff.
{171} The following, copied from a loose paper lying between the pages
of Reg. 628 at the Record Office, is evidently an answer to the inquiries
of a prisoner’s friends, made ten years after his death. It gives a
chance insight into one of the duties of the agent, and is evidence that
the French were at least treated with courtesy:
“Le Soussigné Agent du Gouvernement Britannique Chargé du soin et de
la Surveillance des Prisonniers de Guerre au Dépôt de Norman Cross,
Certifie que le Nommé Vincent Fontaine, natif de Veli, Pris à Bord du
transport _La Sophie_, en qualité de soldat, entre en Prison au Dépôt
de Norman Cross le 25 Septembre 1804, est mort à l’hospital du susdit
Dépôt le Vingt trois mars, mil huit cent huit, âgé de Trente ans et
demi, ainsi qu’il couste par les Registres de la Prison.
“En foi de quoi j’ai délivré le Présent Extrait pour servir à qui de
Raison.
“Norman Cross le 1er Juin 1814.
“(Signed) W. HANWELL, Capt. R.N., Agent.”
[_Translation_]
“The Undersigned Agent of the British Government in charge of the
care and the superintendence of the Prisoners of War at the Depot of
the Norman Cross, certifies that the named Vincent Fontaine, native
of Veli, taken on board the transport _La Sophie_, as being a
soldier, entered into the Prison at the Depot of Norman Cross on the
25th September 1804, died in the Hospital of the above-mentioned
Depot, 23rd March 1808, Age 30½ years, as shown by the Prison
Registers.
“In Witness whereof I have delivered the present Extract to be used
by Whom it may concern.
“Norman Cross, 1st June 1814.
“(Signed) W. HANWELL, Capt. R.N., Agent.”
Vincent Fontaine was the only prisoner who died during the week ending
27th March 1808. The certificate was signed by Thos. Pressland, the
agent at that date.
{177} _Notes and Queries_, Ser. ii., v. 204.
{180a} Appendix G.—Letter enclosing short autobiography from the Bishop
of Moulins to Earl Fitzwilliam. Reply from Earl Fitzwilliam and
correspondence between his lordship and Lord Mulgrave, etc.
{180b} _The French Prisoners of Norman Cross_. A tale by the Rev.
Arthur Brown, Rector of Catfield, Norfolk. (Hodder Brothers.)
{181} This house is selected by tradition as that of the Bishop, being
the one most suited to a wealthy ecclesiastic of high rank. The Bishop’s
letters are dated from the Bell Inn, where he probably could live, _en
pension_, on what was left out of his £240 a year, after paying the
interest due to the money-lenders.
{182} This was a remarkable election, and created immense excitement at
the time. There had been no contested election for forty-six years, and
in 1807 there were four candidates for the two seats. One, a Mr. Fowkes,
received two votes. William Wilberforce, the great advocate for the
abolition of slavery, led all the way; the real contest was between
Milton and Lascelles. Wilberforce’s expenses were largely met by
subscription; the cost to the other two was enormous. _The Recorder_ of
Leeds said, “The yellow had not only been in the hats, but had also been
in the pockets of the voters for Lord Milton.” The state of the poll at
the end was:
Wilberforce 11,806
Milton 11,177
Lascelles 10,988
Fowkes 2
Smith, _Parliaments of England_, ii. 136, 140. _The Times_, 26th, 28th,
30th May, 2nd, 4th, 6th June 1807.
Wm. Wilberforce, Esq.; Rt. Hon. Chas. Wm. Wentworth, commonly called
Viscount Milton; Hon. Henry Lascelles.
{185} “Ces jeunes captifs furent instruits par les soins de M. l’Évêque
de Moulins.”
{186} As these pages are passing through the press, the opportunity
offers of seeing through the observant eyes of Mrs. Larpent the Bishop as
he was when she met him in London, about 1804, and for the “man with a
fine presence” we must substitute the “little deformed lively man,”
described in that lady’s diary, “Nineteenth Century and After,” No. 438,
August 1913, p. 318.
{187} Appendix G.
{188a} _Mémoire des Évêques français résidant à Londres qui n’ont pas
donné leur démission_, Londres, May 1802; _Biographie des Hommes vivant_,
1818, Paris; _Biographie des Contemporains_, Paris.
{188b} _Mémoire des Évêques français résidant à Londres_, pp. 108, 217,
284.
{188c} The only reference by his French biographer to his work at Norman
Cross, which looms so large in this book, is that “he is said to have
visited the prisoners of war when in England.”
{191a} Supplement to Appendix 59, _Report of the Transport Board to the
House of Commons_, 1798. Issued from Downing Street 6th January 1801.
{191b} If the commander of a privateer before lowering his flag threw
overboard as many of his guns as he could, in order to prevent their
falling into the hands of the enemy, and thus reduced their number below
fourteen, he was no longer eligible for parole, but remained in prison.
{192} List of places where French prisoners of war were allowed on
parole at different periods of the war.
Abergavenny. Eye. Penrith.
Alresford. Falmouth. Penryn.
Andover. Fareham. Perth.
Ashbourne. Foxton. Peterborough
Ashburton. Greenlaw. Petersfield.
Ashby-de-la-Zouch. Hawick. Plymouth.
Bandon. Jedburgh. Pontefract.
Basingstoke. Kelso. Porchester.
Bedale. Knaresborough. Portsmouth.
Bideford. Lanark. Reading.
Biggar. Landore. Redruth.
Bishops Castle. Launceston. Regilliack.
Bishops Waltham. Leek. Richmond.
Bodmin. Lichfield. Roscor.
Boroughbridge. Llanfyllin. Sanquhar.
Brecon. Lockerbie. Selkirk.
Bridgnorth. Lockmaben. Stapleton.
Bristol. London. Tavistock.
Callington. Melrose. Thame.
Carlisle. Mill Prison Hospital. Tiverton.
Carnarvon. Montgomery. Tynemouth.
Chatham. Montrose. Valleyfield.
Chepstow. Moreton Hampstead. Wakefield.
Chesterfield. Newton. Wantage.
Crediton. Norman Cross. Welshpool.
Cupar. Northampton. Whitchurch.
Dartmoor. Okehampton. Wincanton.
Derby. Oldham. Winchester.
Dover. Oswestry. Wisbech.
Dumfries. Peebles. York.
Edinburgh. Pembroke.
{200} Basil Thomson, _loc. cit._, pp. 28, 29.
{202} A RETURN OF THE PRISONERS OF WAR AT PRESENT IN GREAT BRITAIN
TRANSPORT OFFICE,
26_th June_ 1812.
On Parole. French Prisoners. Danish Prisoners.
Officers, Army 1,615 —
Officers, Navy 718 —
Masters and Mates of 211 33
Merchant Vessels
Captains, etc., of 176 —
Privateers
Passengers and other 211 3
Persons of Respectability
Servants to Officers 149 —
Women and children 115 —
3,231 36
In Confinement
Soldiers 22,916 5
Seamen, taken in 11,198 305
Men-of-War
Seamen, taken in Merchant 4,076 977
Vessels
Seamen, taken in 10,146 530
Privateers
All others 1,045 15
Women and Children 37 —
49,418 1,832
Abstract.
Prisoners belonging to 24,567 5
the Army
Prisoners belonging to 26,525 1,845
the Navy
Others 1,557 18
52,649 1,868
N.B.—There are not any prisoners in Ireland.
Total, French prisoners 52,649
Total, Dutch prisoners 1,868
54,517
(Signed) RUP. GEORGE, J. BOWEN, J. DOUGLAS.
(_Parl. Pap._ 1812, vol. ix., p. 225.)
In reference to this return it may be here mentioned that very few of the
Danes were brought to Norman Cross, either in the first period of the
war, or in the second period in which this return was made.
{204} _French Prisoners’ Lodges_, by John T. Thorp, Leicester. Printed
by Bro. Geo. Gilbert, King Street, 1900.
{208} Of the after history of the young men and maidens who contracted
these romantic marriages I can give information in only two cases.
Charles Peter Vanderaa, entered in the register of the Record Office as
lieutenant on a brig-of-war, was married on the day of his release.
Whether he took his wife to Holland or not, his grandson, from whom I got
my information, did not know. All he knew was that his grandfather, in
some capacity or other, again took to the sea, and that he died of yellow
fever in Spain or one of the Spanish colonies, leaving his widow with two
sons, Thomas and Peter. The widow, after his death, lived in
Peterborough in very poor circumstances. The second son, Peter, I well
remember earning a living as a schoolmaster in Peterborough, where he had
at one time been in the police force; he married and had one daughter,
who married a blacksmith named Dawson. The couple moved to London, where
there may be a colony of the cadet’s descendants, recking nothing of
their Dutch blood. The oldest son, Thomas Vanderaa, had two sons, one of
whom I knew well. His mental capacity was not very high; he got his
living as a casual, respectable gardener and handy man. He died a few
years since, but I have preserved the letter in which he gave me the
information about his relatives.
When in 1894 Mr. Vanderaa gave me the information about his family, he
said he had a brother, who was, he believed, alive, but he did not know
where he was living.
Of the descendants of the Miss Roelans, who married Mr. Joseph Little,
several are living in a good social position; but the Dutch blood does
not seem to have passed into the collateral branches of Moores, Buckles,
and other well-known families who have intermarried with the Littles.
{210a} The gunsmith’s business was a good one, and remained in the
family, and the grandson, M. Hubert Habart, who had succeeded to it, had
an exhibit of guns in the Great Exhibition at the Crystal Palace in Hyde
Park in 1851.
{210b} Several of M. Habart’s descendants are still alive. One of his
granddaughters, Miss Habart, is my consulting-room attendant. The family
of the Rev. Father Robert A. Davis, from whose copy of Macgregor’s plan
the plate on p. 18 is taken, is connected by marriage with that of the
Habarts.—T. J. W.
{213a} _Parl. Paper_, 1812, vol. ix., p. 223.
{213b} Maberly Phillips, _The Connoisseur_, xxvii., No. 105, May 1910.
{215a} _Notes and Queries_, ser. iv., vol. v., pp. 376, 546.
{215b} Sleigh, _History of Leek_, 2nd edn., p. 221.
{218} Wellington’s _Despatches_.
{222} This is how the naval authorities summed up the failure of the
negotiations for exchange: “There is no fixing the French Government to
any basis of exchange. Every concession on our part has produced fresh
demands. We have about 50,000 prisoners of war in England, in France
there are about 12,000, two-thirds of whom are not prisoners, but
_détenus_, many of them women and children. Even these our Government
were willing to exchange, when the French Government proposed that their
50,000 should be sent over _en masse_, for the 12,000, and then
afterwards the Spaniards would be released. This would enable it to man
twenty-five sail of the line, and still retain the Spaniards, our allies,
in his hands.”—_Naval Chronicle_, vol. xxiv., p. 327.
{232} Appendix H.
{233} A good description of Verdun in 1811 will be found in the
_Narrative of a Forced Journey through Spain and France an a Prisoner of
War in the Years_ 1810 _to_ 1814, by Major-Gen. Lord Blanfrey. In 2
vols. 1814. Vol. ii., chaps, xxxvi.-xxxvii., good account, viii., ix.,
xl., xli., xlii., xliii., xliv.
The author says he was confined for seven weeks as a hostage to prevent
the English Government from punishing a French officer who had projected
a rising of the French prisoners in England.
{238} _Naval Chronicle_, xiv., 17; xv., 122; xvi., 108; xvii., 108;
Douglas Jerrold, _The Prisoner of War_, 1842; _A Picture of Verdun_, _or
the English detained in France_, from the Portfolio of a Détenue, 1810, 2
vols.; _Letters from France_, _written in the Years_ 1803 _and_ 1804,
_including a Particular Account of Verdun and the Situation of the
British Captives in that City_, 2 vols. 1806; _Chambers’ Journal of
Literature_, _Science_, _and Art_, 1854, vol. i., p. 330.
{240} Few of the Danes were brought to Norman Cross, either at this
period of the war or in the second period when there were a considerable
number confined in Great Britain. From a return made to the House of
Commons in 1812, it appears that of 54,508 prisoners confined at the
various depots, 52,640 were French and 1,868 Danes, but no register of
Danish prisoners confined at Norman Cross has been found.
{241} Mr. Share often heard his grandmother speak of her husband’s acts
of kindness to the prisoners who were landed at Plymouth. One incident
which he recollects was, that one day, just as the family were sitting
down to dinner, Captain Holditch ran in, seized the large beefsteak pie
just placed on the table, and carried it off, saying, “I want this, there
are a batch of French prisoners going by, and they look famished, they
must have it.”
Mr. Godwin (_loc. cit._), mentioning that on Christmas Day 1805 some 250
French prisoners from Porchester Castle marched into Basingstoke on their
cheerless way to Norman Cross (probably some of the heroes who had fought
against Nelson and his captains on the 21st October), asks the question,
“Did the Hampshire folk give them a share in their festivities?” The
above anecdote justifies us, I hope, in saying that the answer to this
question would be “Yes.”
{242} These had been a considerable source of profit to the farmers, who
had contracted to remove them regularly from their positions below the
latrines, and had used their contents, with the rest of the refuse of the
prison, as a guano to the great benefit of their land.
{245} Histoire générale des traités de paix et autres transactions
principales entre toutes les puissances de l’Europe depuis la paix de
Westphalie. Ouvrage comprenant les travaux de Koch, Schoell, etc.,
entièrement refondus et continués jusqu’à ce jour. Paris 1848–87, 15
tom., vol. vi., p. 49.
{247} His staff was as follows:
Wm. Gardiner, entered first clerk 1st September 1803 at £118 per annum,
abate taxes 1_s._ in the pound, £9 6_s._, Civil List at 6_d._, leaving £8
19_s._ 8¾_d._ net per month.
Wm. Todd, 1st September, as store-clerk, at £118 per annum, and an extra
£30 as French interpreter, with 18_s._ abatement; net per month £11 5_s._
3½_d._
John Andrew Delapoux, extra clerk, 1st September, at 3_s._ 6_d._ _per
diem_. He was very uneasy about the proclamation against aliens, but was
assured it would not apply to him.
Wm. Belcher, steward, at 3_s._ per day.
Thos. Adams, steward, 3rd September, at 3_s._ per day.
John Hobbs, turnkey, £50 per annum.
John Nolt, turnkey, £50 per annum.
John Belcher, turnkey, £50 per annum.
Alex Halliday, ditto, and as superintendent carpenter, £20, with 2_s._
10½_d._ abatement for Civil List.
John Hayward, labourer, 12_s._ a week.
Wm. Powell, labourer, 12_s._ a week.
Captain Pressland was informed that no clothing of any kind was to be
served out to any prisoner, though most were captured with none beyond
what they stood upright in. No soup was to be served out, except to the
prisoners who acted as barbers. He asked for some modification of this,
but was refused. He was allowed £25 per annum for coals and candles, and
10_s._ 6_d._ each time he went to Peterborough on the Board’s Order or to
make affidavits as to his accounts, etc. A few days afterwards this was
increased to 12_s._ 6_d._ The military guard consisted of 400 of the
North Lincoln Militia.
{248} _Chambers’ Journal of Literature_, etc., _loc. cit._
{250} At this time Norman Cross and the other existing prisons were
greatly overcrowded, but Wellington found it impossible to guard and
maintain his prisoners on the Continent. Not only were the troops
actually captured overwhelmingly numerous, but to their number were added
deserters. In one of his dispatches, he writes: “Two battalions of the
Regiment of Nassau, and one of Frankfort having quitted the enemies’ Army
and passed over to that under my command. . . . I now send these troops
to England.” The long-delayed completion of the prisons at Dartmoor and
Perth would relieve the overcrowding of Norman Cross; but the resources
of the staff must, in the meantime, have been strained to an extreme
point to prevent the evils which might result from the state of matters.
The breakdown of the various negotiations for exchange prevented the
relief which was afforded during the first period of the war by the
steady drain of prisoners sent back to their own country.
{252} It is said that a memorandum exists in a private diary that the
price paid for a picture of straw marquetry of Peterborough Cathedral was
only £2; the picture must have taken weeks to construct.
{253a} The prison register confirms this paragraph. The last death
certificate is that of Petronio Lambertini, a soldier of the Italian
Regiment of the French Army. He died of consumption, and was presumably
the last prisoner buried in the cemetery adjoining the North Road.
{253b} _Loc. cit._, p. 120.
{254} The copy of the catalogue used by the auctioneer, with his note of
the purchaser of and the price paid for each lot, is for the time in the
writer’s hands, and has afforded much information, especially as to the
construction of the buildings and the use to which each was appropriated.
Two years before this sale took place the Depot had been evacuated, and
in the Public Record Office is the Barrack Master’s receipt to Captain
Hanwell, dated 30th October 1814, for the Depot at Norman Cross,
delivered over to him, agreeably to the Transport Board’s order of 24th
September 1814. The document consists of ten pages in double columns.
{267} _Admiralty Records_, _Transport Department_, _Minutes No._ 38;
_Records of Captains’ Services_, O’ Byrne; _Naval Biographical
Dictionary_; _Naval Chronicle_, vol. viii., 438; xiv., 283; xvi., 107,
108; xviii., 28; xix., 170–2; _The Times_, 26th February 1842.
{276} M. Otto had at the date of this letter succeeded M. Niou as
Commissary for the French Prisoners of War confined in Great Britain.
{283} This was written three months before the fatal epidemic broke out
in the prison.—T. J. W.
{286a} The number stated to be sick, on the 30th April 1810, includes
convalescents, cases of wounds, accidents, etc.
{286b} _Parliamentary Papers_, 1810–11, vol. xi. (263), p. 115.
{312} This is not a facsimile copy of the Register, which contains many
abbreviations; it has been set out in columns, and abbreviated words have
been written in full.