34. On worship of the sky, of the signs of the zodiac, and of the elements,
cf. _Mon. myst. Mithra_, I, pp. 85 ff., 98 ff., 108 ff.
35. The magico-religious notion of sanctity, of _mana_, appeared in the
idea and notation of time. This has been shown by Hubert in his profound
analysis of _La représentation du temps dans la religion et la magie_
(_Progr. éc. des Hautes-Etudes_), 1905 = _Mélanges hist. des rel._, Paris,
1909, p. 190.
36. On the worship of Time see _Mon. myst. Mithra_, I, pp. 20, {274} 74
ff.; of the seasons: _ibid._, pp. 92 ff. There is no doubt that the
veneration of time and its subdivisions (seasons, months, days, etc.)
spread through the influence of astrology. Zeno had deified them; see
Cicero, _Nat. D._, II, 63 (= von Arnim, fr. 165): "Astris hod idem (i. e.
vim divinam) tribuit, tum annis, mensibus, annorumque mutationibus." In
conformity with the materialism of the Stoics these subdivisions of time
were conceived by him as bodies (von Arnim, _loc. cit._, II, fr. 665; cf.
Zeller, _Ph. Gr._, IV, p. 316, p. 221). The later texts have been collected
by Drexler in Roscher, _Lexikon_, s. v. "Mên," II, col. 2689. See also
Ambrosiaster, _Comm. in epist. Galat._, IV, 10 (Migne, col. 381 B). Egypt
had worshiped the hours, the months, and the propitious and adverse years
as gods long before the Occident; see Wiedemann, _loc. cit._ (_infra_, n.
64) pp. 7 ff.
37. They adorn many astronomical manuscripts, particularly the _Vaticanus
gr._ 1291, the archetype of which dates back to the third century of our
era; cf. Boll, _Sitzungsb. Akad. München_, 1899, pp. 125 ff., 136 ff.
38. Piper, _Mythologie der christl. Kunst_, 1851, II, pp. 313 f. Cf. _Mon.
myst. Mithra_, I, p. 220.
39. Bidez, _Bérose et la grande année_ in the _Mélanges Paul Fredericq_,
Brussels, 1904, pp. 9 ff.