Lausanne.
The D—— of H—— having a desire to visit some of the German Courts, we
bade adieu to our friends at Geneva, and are thus far on our intended
journey. It is of peculiar advantage in Germany, above all other
countries, to be in company with a man of rank and high title, because it
facilitates your reception every where, and supersedes the necessity of
recommendatory letters.
I have met here with my friend B——n, whose company and conversation have
retarded our journey, by supplying the chief objects of travelling,
if amusement and instruction are to be ranked among them. He is here
with the M——s of L——y, a lively, spirited young man;—one of those
easy, careless characters, so much beloved by their intimates, and so
regardless of the opinion of the rest of mankind.
Since you hold me to my promise of writing so very regularly, you must
sometimes expect to receive a letter dated from three or four different
places, when either my short stay in one place deprives me of the
leisure, or meeting with nothing uncommon in another deprives me of
materials for so long a letter as you require.
The road from Geneva to this town is along the side of the lake, through
a delightful country, abounding in vineyards, which produce the _vin
de la côte_, so much esteemed. All the little towns on the way, Nyon,
Rolle, and Morges, are finely situated, neatly built, and inhabited by a
thriving and contented people.
Lausanne is the capital of this charming country, which formerly belonged
to the Duke of Savoy, but is now under the dominion of the canton of Bern.
However mortifying this may be to the former possessor, it has certainly
been a happy dispensation to the inhabitants of the Pays de Vaud, who are
in every respect more at their ease, and in a better situation, than any
of the subjects of his Sardinian Majesty.
This city is situated near the lake, and at the distance of about thirty
miles from Geneva. As the nobility, from the country, and from some parts
of Switzerland, and the families of several officers, who have retired
from service, reside here, there is an air of more ease and gaiety
(perhaps also more politeness) in the societies at Lausanne, than in
those of Geneva; at least this is firmly believed and asserted by all
the nobles of this place, who consider themselves as greatly superior to
the citizens of Geneva. These, on the other hand, talk a good deal of the
poverty, frivolousness, and ignorance of those same nobility, and make no
scruple of ranking their own enlightened mechanics above them in every
essential quality.
Vevay.
The road between Lausanne and Vevay is very mountainous; but the
mountains are cultivated to the summits, and covered with vines.—This
would have been impracticable on account of the steepness, had not the
proprietors built strong stone-walls at proper intervals, one above the
other, which support the soil, and form little terraces from the bottom
to the top of the mountains.
The peasants ascend by narrow stairs, and, before they arrive at the
ground they are to cultivate, have frequently to mount higher than a
mason who is employed in repairing the top of a steeple.
The mountainous nature of this country subjects it to frequent torrents,
which, when violent, sweep away vines, soil, and walls in one common
destruction. The inhabitants behold the havoc with a steady concern, and,
without giving way to the clamorous rage of the French, or sinking into
the gloomy despair of the English, think only of the most effectual means
of repairing the loss.—As soon as the storm has abated, they begin, with
admirable patience and perseverance, to rebuild the walls, to carry fresh
earth on hurdles to the top of the mountain, and to spread a new soil
wherever the old has been washed away.
Where property is perfectly secure, and men allowed to enjoy the fruits
of their own labour, they are capable of efforts unknown in those
countries where despotism renders every thing precarious, and where a
tyrant reaps what slaves have sown.
This part of the Pays de Vaud is inhabited by the descendents of those
unhappy people, who were driven by the most absurd and cruel persecution
from the vallies of Piedmont and Savoy.
I will not assert, that the iniquity of the persecutors has been
visited upon their children; but the sufferings and stedfastness of the
persecuted seem to be recompensed by the happy situation in which their
children of the third and fourth generations are now placed.
Vevay is a pretty little town, containing between three and four thousand
inhabitants. It is sweetly situated on a plain, near the head of the
lake of Geneva, where the Rhone enters. The mountains behind the town,
though exceedingly high, are entirely cultivated, like those on the road
from Lausanne.
There is a large village about half-way up the mountain, in a direct line
above Vevay, which, viewed from below, seems adhering to the side of the
precipice, and has a very singular and romantic appearance.
The principal church is detached from the town, and situated on a
hill which overlooks it. From the terrace, or church-yard, there is a
view of the Alps, the Rhone, the lake, with towns and villages on its
margin.—Within this church the body of General Ludlow is deposited.
That steady republican withdrew from Lausanne to this place, after the
assassination of his friend Lisle, who was shot through the heart, as he
was going to church, by a ruffian, who had come across the lake for that
purpose, and who, amidst the confusion occasioned by the murder, got safe
to the boat, and escaped to the Duke of Savoy’s territories on the other
side, where he was openly protected.—This was a pitiful way of avenging
the death of a monarch, who, whether justly or not, had been publicly
condemned and executed.
There is a long Latin epitaph on Ludlow’s monument, enumerating many
circumstances of his life, but omitting the most remarkable of them
all. He is called, Patriæ libertatis defensor, et potestatis arbitrariæ
propugnator acerrimus, &c.—But no nearer hint is given of his having been
one of King Charles the First’s judges, and of his having signed the
sentence against that ill-fated Prince.
However fond the Swiss in general may be of liberty, and however partial
to its assertors, it is presumable that those who protected Ludlow, did
not approve of this part of his story, and on that account a particular
mention of it was not made on his tomb.
There is no travelling by post through Switzerland; we therefore hired
horses at Geneva, to carry us to Basil; from whence we can proceed by
post to Strasbourg, which is the route we design to take. We leave
Lausanne the day after to-morrow.