Harrisburg, and Pittsburgh, Pa.; also made clocks and surveying
instruments.
Heisely, George (1789-1880), Harrisburg, Pa.; also made clocks.
Hinton, William (fl. 1772), New York.
Hooker & Fairman (before 1810), Newburyport, Mass.
Jacks, James (fl. 1780's), Charleston, S.C.; also made surveying
instruments.
Jayne, John (late 18th century), Salem, Mass.
King & Hagger (1759/60 to early 1760's), Newport, R.I.; also made
nautical instruments.
King, Benjamin (1707-1786), Newport, R.I.; also made nautical
instruments.
King, Daniel (1704-1790), Salem, Mass.
King, Samuel (fl. 1786), Newport, R.I.
Lamb, A. & Son (1780's), New York.
Lamb, Anthony (1703-1784), Virginia, Philadelphia, New York, and
Hunter's Key, N.Y.; also made surveying and nautical instruments.
Lamb, John (1735-1800), New York; also made nautical and surveying
instruments.
Mendenhall, Thomas (fl. 1775), Lancaster, Pa.; also made clocks.
Newell, Andrew (1749-1798), Boston; also made compasses and surveying
instruments.
Platt, Augustus (1809-1886), Columbus, Ohio; also made surveying
instruments.
Pryor, Thomas (fl. 1778), Philadelphia.
Revere, Paul (1735-1818), Boston, Mass.
Sibley & Marble (late 18th century), New Haven, Conn.; also made clocks
and watches.
Sower, Christopher (c. 1724-1740), Germantown and Philadelphia, Pa.;
also made clocks.
Taws, Charles (fl. 1795), Philadelphia.
Thaxter, Samuel (1769-1842), Boston; also made surveying and nautical
instruments.
Walpole, Charles (fl. 1746), New York.
Whitney, John (fl. 1801), Philadelphia; also made optical instruments.
Whitney, Thomas (fl. 1798-1821), Philadelphia; also made optical and
surveying instruments.
Williams, William (1737/38-1792), Boston; also made nautical
instruments.
Witt, Christopher (fl. 1710-1765), Germantown, Pa.; also made clocks.
NAUTICAL
Bulmain & Dennies (fl. 1799), New York.
Clark, Robert (fl. 1785), Charleston, S.C.; also made surveying and
optical instruments.
Condy, Benjamin (fl. 1756-92, d. 1798), Philadelphia; also made
mathematical instruments.
Davenport, William (fl. 1800-1820), Philadelphia; also made mathematical
and surveying instruments.
Dean, William (?-1797), Philadelphia; also made surveying instruments.
Doolittle, Enos (1751-1806), Hartford, Conn.; also made surveying
instruments, directional compasses and clocks.
Emery, Samuel (1787-1882), Salem, Mass.
Fairman, Gideon (1774-1827), Newburyport, Mass.; also made mathematical
instruments.
Ford, George, I (late 18th century to 1840), Lancaster, Pa.; also made
surveying instruments.
Ford, George, II (fl. 1842), Lancaster, Pa.; also made surveying
instruments.
Godfrey, Thomas (1704-1749), Philadelphia.
Gould, John (fl. 1794), Philadelphia; also made surveying and optical
instruments.
Greenough, Thomas (1710-1785), Boston; also made mathematical and
surveying instruments.
Hagger, William G. (c.1744-1830?), Newport, R.I.
Ham, James (fl. 1754-64), New York and Philadelphia; also made
mathematical instruments.
Ham, James, Jr. (fl. 1780), Philadelphia; also made mathematical
instruments.
Hamlin, William (1772-1869), Providence, R.I.; also made mathematical
instruments.
Jayne, John (late 18th century), Salem, Mass.; also made mathematical
instruments.
King & Hagger (1759/60 to early 1760's), Newport, R.I.; also made
mathematical instruments.
King, Benjamin (1707-1786), Newport, R.I.; also made mathematical
instruments.
King, Benjamin (1740-1804), Salem, Mass.
King, Daniel (1704-1790), Salem, Mass.; also made mathematical
instruments.
King, Samuel (fl. 1786), Newport, R.I.; also made mathematical
instruments.
Lamb, A., & Son (1780's), New York; also made mathematical instruments.
Lamb, Anthony (1703-1784), Virginia, Philadelphia, New York, and
Hunter's Key, N.Y.; also made mathematical and surveying instruments.
Lamb, John (1735-1800), New York; also made surveying and mathematical
instruments.
Newell, Andrew (1749-1798), Boston; also made mathematical instruments.
Pease, Paul (fl. 1750), probably Rhode Island.
Thaxter, Samuel (1769-1842), Boston; also made mathematical and
surveying instruments.
Warren, Benjamin (fl. 1740-1790), Plymouth, Mass.; also made surveying
instruments.
Williams, William (1737/38-1792), Boston; also made mathematical
instruments.
OPTICAL
Benson, John (fl. 1793-1797).
Clark, Robert (fl. 1785), Charleston, S.C.; also made nautical and
surveying instruments.
Sommer, Widow Balthaser (fl. 1753), New York.
Whitney, John (fl. 1801), Philadelphia; also made mathematical
instruments.
Whitney, Thomas (fl. 1798-1821), Philadelphia; also made mathematical
and surveying instruments.
SURGICAL
Bailey, John (fl. 1778), Fishkill, N.Y.; also made surveying
instruments.
Fosbrook, W. (fl. 1786), New York; also made dental instruments.
Youle, James (1740-1786), New York.
Youle, John (fl. 1786), New York.
SURVEYING
Bailey, John (fl. 1778), Fishkill, N.Y.; also made surgical instruments.
Bailey, John, II (1752-1823), Hanover and Lynn, Mass.
Baldwin, Jedidiah (c. 1777-1829), Salem, Boston, and Northampton, Mass.,
and Hanover, N.H.
Biggs, Thomas (fl. 1792-1795), New York and Philadelphia.
Blakeslee, Ziba (1768-1834), Newtown, Conn.
Bowles, Thomas S. (c. 1765-1821?), Portsmouth, N.H.
Breed, Aaron (late 18th to mid-19th centuries), Boston.
Burnap, Daniel (1759-1838), East Windsor and Coventry, Conn.; also made
clocks.
Chandlee, Benjamin, Jr. (1723-1791), Nottingham, Md.; also made clocks.
Chandlee & Bros. (fl. 1790-1791), Nottingham, Md.; also made clocks.
Chandlee, Ellis (1755-1816), Nottingham, Md.; also made clocks.
Chandlee, Ellis & Bros. (fl. 1791-1797), Nottingham, Md.; also made
clocks.
Chandlee, Goldsmith (c.1746-1821), Winchester, Va.; also made clocks and
sundials.
Chandlee, Isaac (1760-1813), Nottingham, Md.; also made clocks.
Clark, Robert (fl. 1785), Charleston, S.C.; also made nautical and
optical instruments.
Clough, Jere (18th century), Boston.
Crow, George (fl. 1754-1772), Wilmington, Del.; also made clocks.
Davenport, William (fl. 1800-1820), Philadelphia; also made mathematical
instruments.
Dean, William (?-1797), Philadelphia; also made nautical instruments.
Doolittle, Enos (1751-1806), Hartford, Conn.; also made nautical
instruments and clocks.
Doolittle, Isaac, Jr. (1759-1821), New Haven, Conn.; also made clocks.
Dupee, John (after 1761), Boston.
Ellicott, Andrew (1754-1820), Baltimore; also made astronomical
instruments.
Ford, George, I (late 18th century to 1840), Lancaster, Pa.; also made
nautical instruments.
Ford, George, II (fl. 1842), Lancaster, Pa.; also made nautical
instruments.
Gould, John (fl. 1794), Philadelphia; also made nautical and optical
instruments.
Greenough, Thomas (1710-1785), Boston, also made nautical and
mathematical instruments.
Greenough, William (fl. 1785), Boston.
Halsy, James, II (1695-1767), Boston; also made mathematical
instruments.
Halsy, Joseph (fl. 1697-1762), Boston.
Hagger, Benjamin K. (c. 1769-1834), Boston and Baltimore; also made
mathematical instruments.
Hanks, Benjamin (1755-1824), Mansfield and Litchfield, Conn.
Hanks, Truman (fl. 1808), Mansfield and Litchfield, Conn.
Harland, Thomas (1735-1807), Norwich, Conn.; also made clocks.
Heisely, Frederick A. (1759-1839), Frederick, Md., and Lancaster,
Harrisburg, and Pittsburgh, Pa.; also made clocks and mathematical
instruments.
Heisely, George (1789-1880), Harrisburg, Pa.; also made clocks and
mathematical instruments.
Holcomb, Amasa (1785-1875), Southwick, Mass.; also made astronomical
instruments.
Houghton, Rowland (c. 1678-1744), Boston.
Huntington, Gurdon (1763-1804), Windham, Conn., and Walpole, N.H.; also
made clocks and other scientific instruments.
Jacks, James (fl. 1780's), Charleston, S.C.; also made mathematical
instruments.
Kennard, John (1782-1861), Newmarket, N.H.; also made clocks.
Lamb, A., & Son (1780's), New York; also made mathematical and nautical
instruments.
Lamb, Anthony (1703-1784), New York; also made mathematical and nautical
instruments.
Lamb, John (1735-1800), New York; also made mathematical and nautical
instruments.
Miller, Aaron (fl. 1748-1771), Elizabeth, N.J.; also made clocks and
directional compasses.
Newell, Andrew (1749-1798), Boston; also made mathematical instruments
and directional compasses.
Platt, Augustus (1809-1886), Columbus, Ohio; also made mathematical and
surveying instruments.
Platt, Benjamin (1757-1833), Danbury, Litchfield, and New Milford,
Conn.; Lanesboro, Mass.; and Columbus, Ohio; also made directional
compasses and clocks.
Potter, John (fl. 1785), Brookfield, Mass.
Rittenhouse, Benjamin (1740-c. 1820), Philadelphia; also made
astronomical instruments.
Rittenhouse, David (1732-1796), Philadelphia; also made astronomical
instruments.
Rittenhouse & Evans (fl. 1770's), Philadelphia.
Stiles & Baldwin (fl. 1791), Northampton, Mass.
Stiles & Storrs (fl. 1792), Northampton, Mass.
Thacher, Charles, probably Boston.
Thaxter, Samuel (1769-1842), Boston; also made nautical and mathematical
instruments.
Wall, George Jr. (fl. 1788), Bucks County, Pa.
Warren, Benjamin (fl. 1740-1790), Plymouth, Mass.; also made nautical
instruments.
White, Peregrine (1747-1834), Woodstock, Conn.; also made clocks.
Whitney, Thomas (fl. 1798-1821), Philadelphia; also made mathematical
and optical instruments.
Williams, William (1737/38-1792), Boston; also made nautical
instruments.
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FOOTNOTES:
[1] DEREK J. DE SOLLA PRICE, _Science Since Babylon_ (New Haven: Yale
University Press, 1961), pp. 62-64.
[2] JAMES SAVAGE, _A Genealogical Dictionary of the First Settlers of
New England_ (Boston, 1860), vol. 2, p. 341.
[3] _The Chronicle_ (Early American Industries Association), March 1936,
vol. 1, no. 16, p. 8; and personal correspondence with Mr. William L.
Warren, Connecticut Historical Society.
[4] R. F. SEYBOLD, "The Evening School in Colonial America," _Bureau of
Educational Research, Bulletin 31_ (University of Illinois, 1925), p.
28.
[5] H. H. SCHOEN, "The Making of Maps and Charts," _Ninth Yearbook of
the Council for the Social Studies_ (Cambridge, 1938), p. 83; also
EDMOND R. KIELY, _Surveying Instruments: Their History and Classroom
Use_ (New York: Teachers College, Columbia University, 1947), pp.
239-250.
[6] BROOKE HINDLE, _The Pursuit of Science in Revolutionary America
1735-1789_ (Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press,
1956), pp. 337-338.
[7] LEROY E. KIMBALL, "James Wilson of Vermont, America's First Globe
Maker," _Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society_ (April 1938),
p. 31.
[8] HINDLE, op. cit. (footnote 6).
[9] GEORGE H. ECKHARDT, _Pennsylvania Clocks and Clockmakers_ (New York:
Devin-Adair Co., 1955), p. 190.
[10] CATHERINE VAN C. MATHEWS, _Andrew Ellicott, His Life and Letters_
(New York, 1908).
[11] JOHN H. B. LATROBE, "Memoir of Benjamin Banneker," _Maryland
Colonization Journal_ (Baltimore, May 1845); PHILIP LEPHILLIPS, "The
Negro, Benjamin Benneker," _Records of the Columbia Historical Society_
(1916), vol. 20.
[12] ARTHUR E. JAMES, _Chester County Clocks and Their Makers_ (West
Chester, Pa.: Chester Historical Society, 1947), pp. 29-39;
_Transactions of the American Philosophical Society_, ser. I, vol. 1,
pp. 85-97.
[13] DIRK J. STRUIK, _Yankee Science in the Making_ (Boston: Little
Brown & Co., 1948), pp. 47, 70-71.
[14] ROBERT P. MULTHAUF, ed., "Holcomb, Fitz, and Peate; Three 19th
Century American Telescope Makers" (paper 26 in _Contributions from the
Museum of History and Technology_, U.S. National Museum Bulletin 228,
Washington, 1962), p. 162.
[15] _New York Gazette, Revived in the Weekly Post-Boy_, January 23,
1749.
[16] CARL BRIDENBAUGH, _The Colonial Craftsman_ (New York: New York
University Press, 1950), pp. 160-161; ISAAC Q. LEAKE, _Memoir of the
Life and Times of General John Lamb_ (Albany: Munsell, 1850); SILVIO A.
BEDINI, _Ridgefield in Review_ (New Haven: Walker-Rackliffe, 1958), pp.
71, 84.
[17] ALFRED COXE PRIME, _The Arts and Crafts of Philadelphia, Maryland
and South Carolina, 1786-1800_ (The Walpole Society, 1929), p. 230.
[18] PENROSE R. HOOPES, _Connecticut Clockmakers of the Eighteenth
Century_ (New York: Dodd Mead & Co., 1930), p. 86; _The Norwich
Courier_, February 10, 1802.
[19] HARROLD E. GILLINGHAM, "Some Early Philadelphia Instrument Makers,"
_The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography_ (1927), vol. 51,
no. 3, p. 303-305.
[20] Ibid., p. 304.
[21] _Charleston Evening Gazette_, July 24, 1785; PRIME, op. cit.
(footnote 17), p. 234.
[22] RITA S. GOTTESMAN, _The Arts and Crafts in New York, 1777-1799_
(New York: New York Historical Society, 1954), pp. 220-221.
[23] _The Pennsylvania Evening Herald_, March 17, 1787.
[24] GOTTESMAN, op cit. (footnote 22), pp. 311-312.
[25] _The Diary, or Evening Register_, November 3, 1794.
[26] GILLINGHAM, op. cit. (footnote 26), p. 306.
[27] EDWIN VALENTINE MITCHELL, _The Romance of New England Antiques_
(New York: A. A. Wyn, 1950), pp. 257-160; KIMBALL op. cit. (footnote 7).
[28] WILLIAM BENTLEY, _Diary of William Bentley, D. D._ (Salem, Mass.:
1905), vol. 1, p. 182, vol. 2, p. 414.
[29] Ibid., vol. 3, p. 130.
[30] _Boston Gazette_, June 18, 1745.