1899, setting forth America's attitude toward China. It is known as the
doctrine of the "open door." In a subsequent note (July 3, 1900) he
enlarged its scope and promulgated the integrity of China. But Russia
ignored it and flew her flag over the Chinese customs in Newchwang. It
was Japan who, on that occasion, asserted and enforced the doctrine
without outside help.
[344] General March intimated, when testifying before the House Military
Committee, that President Wilson approved of universal training,
indorsing the War Department's army program.--_New York Herald_ (Paris
edition).
[345] _Bulletin des Droits de l'Homme_, No. 10, May 15, 1919.
[346] _Journal Officiel_, November 21, 1917.
[347] _Le Populaire_, February 10, 1919.
[348] _La Stampa_, June 11, 1919. Cf. _L'Humanité,_ June 13, 1919.
[349] Cf. _The Chicago Tribune_ (Paris edition), August 27, 1919.
[350] In _The Daily Telegraph_, February 8, 1919.
[351] The Covenant leaves the mode of recruiting them undetermined.
[352] Article IV.
[353] Article VIII.
[354] M. d'Estournelles de Constant, _Bulletin des Droits de l'Homme_,
May 15, 1919, p. 450.
[355] _Ibid._
[356] _Ibid._, p. 457.
[357] Article XII.
[358] Cf. _The New York Herald_ (Paris edition), September 14, 1919.
[359] _L'Echo de Paris_, February 17, 1919.
[360] On April 11, 1919.
[361] The wording of the final Japanese amendment was: "By the
endorsement of the principle of equality of nations and just treatment
of their nationals."
[362] On April 28, 1919.
[363] The Jewish coalition in Vilna inscribed on its program the union
of Vilna with Russia.... There was an overwhelming majority in favor of
its retention by Poland.--_Le Temps_, September 14, 1919. The election
took place on September 7th.
[364] On Saturday, May 31, 1919.
[365] I published several series of articles in _The Daily Telegraph_,
_The Fortnightly Review_, and other English as well as American
periodicals, and a long chapter in my book entitled _Russian
Characteristics_.
[366] "Poland agrees that any member of the Council of the League of
Nations shall have the right to bring to the attention of the Council
any infraction, or _any danger of infraction_, of any of these
obligations, and that the Council may thereupon take such action and
give such direction as it may deem proper and effective in the
circumstances."--Article XII of the Special Treaty with Poland.
[367] Cf. _La Gazette de Lausanne_, April 24, 1919.
[368] Article XI of the Special Treaty, _L'Etoile Belge_, August 17,
1919.
[369] _Le Journal des Débats_, July 7, 1919.
[370] M. Emile Combes was the author of the laws which banished
religious congregations from France.
[371] _Le Figaro_, August 21, 1919. _L'Echo de Paris_, August 22, 1919.
[372] _The Morning Post_, July 21, 1919.
[373] _L'Echo de Paris_, April 29, 1919.
[374] _Ibid._, April 14, 1919.
[375] _The Chicago Tribune_ (Paris edition), September 17, 1919.
[376] _The New Republic_, August 6, 1919.
[377] Mr. James B. Beck.
[378] _The North American Review_, June, 1919.
[379] Cf. _The New Republic_, August 6, 1919, pp. 5, 6.