is quite natural, as that season in their high levels and latitudes
practically lasts more than six months), and say a man is so many snows
old, or that so many snow seasons have passed since an occurrence. They
have no division of time into weeks, and their months are absolutely
lunar, only twelve, however, being designated, which receive their names
upon the recurrence of some prominent physical phenomenon. For example,
the period partly embraced by February is called the 'raccoon moon';
March, 'the sore eye moon;' and April, that in which the geese lay eggs.
As the appearance of raccoons after hibernation, the causes inducing
inflamed eyes, and oviposition by geese vary with the meteorological
character of each year, and as the twelve lunations reckoned do not
bring them back to the point in the season where counting commenced,
there is often dispute in the Dakota tipis toward the end of winter as
to the correct current date" (_Mallery, 4_).
"Some tribes have twelve named moons in the year, but many tribes have
not more than six; and different bands of the same tribe, if occupying
widely separated sections of the country, will have different names for
the same moon. Knowing well the habits of animals, and having roamed
over vast areas, they readily recognize any special moon that may be
mentioned, even though their name for it may be different. One of the
nomenclatures used by the Teton-Sioux and Cheyenne beginning with the
moon just before winter is as follows:
1. The moon the leaves fall off.
2. The moon the buffalo cow's foetus is getting large.
3. The moon the wolves run together.
4. The moon the skin of the foetus of buffalo commences to color.
5. The moon the hair gets thick on buffalo foetus; called also "men's
mouth" or "hard mouth."
6. The sore-eyed moon; buffalo cows drop their calves.
7. The moon the ducks come.
8. The moon the grass commences to get green and some roots are fit to
be eaten.
9. The moon the corn is planted.
10. The moon the buffalo bulls are fat.
11. The moon the buffalo cows are in season.
12. The moon that the plums get red" (_Clark, 16_).
_Klamath and Modok._--Their months "do not coincide with the months of
our calendar, for they extend from one new moon to the next one, and
therefore should be more properly called moons or lunations. Twelve and
a half of them make up the year, and they are counted on the fingers of
both hands. The first moon of their year begins on the first new moon
after their return from the _wokash_ harvest [about the end of August],
at Klamath Marsh, which is the time when all the provisions and needful
articles have been gathered in for the winter. They have now generally
discarded the former method of counting moons upon fingers, and instead
of it they reckon time by the seasons in which natural products are
harvested (_Gatschet, 1_).
_Bannock._--They distinguish the earlier moons thus: First, "running
season for game;" second, "big moon;" third, "black smoke" (cold);
fourth, "bare spots along the trail" (i. e., no snow in places); fifth,
"little grass, or grass first comes up." They have no names for moons
after the season gets warm (_Clark, 17_).
[Illustration: BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY
SEVENTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT PL. LXXX
THE ANKO CALENDAR]
THE ANKO MONTHLY CALENDAR
(_August, 1889--July, 1893_)
_T'águñótal P'a Sän._ The calendar begins about the first of August,
1889. The figure above the crescent (moon or month) is intended for the
antler of a deer, in allusion to the name of this moon. No event is
noted.
_T'águñótal P'a._ The same symbol is used for the month. No event is
recorded, because, as Anko explains, this part of his original calendar
was accidentally burned.
_Gákiñăt'o P'a._ The name means "Ten-colds moon," indicated by the ten
strokes below the crescent. When this moon was one day old, a woman
falsely accused of being with another man was whipped by her husband;
indicated by the figure of a woman with a rod touching her head and one
stroke below.
[Illustration: FIG. 193--T'águñótal P'a Sän.]
[Illustration: FIG. 194--T'águñótal P'a.]
_Ä`gâ´nti._ The first syllable of the name, _ä_, signifies a feather.
Anko has therefore indicated the moon in its serial order by the figure
of a feather above the crescent. No event is recorded. The three strokes
show that he drew the picture on the third day of the moon.
[Illustration: FIG. 195--Gakiñat'o P'a--Woman whipped.]
[Illustration: FIG. 196--Ä`gâ´nti.]
[Illustration: FIG. 197--Tépgañ P'a--Wagon stalled.]
_Tépgañ P'a._ The name means "Geese-going moon," and the crescent lines
inverted above the regular moon crescent is intended for a conventional
representation of a double line of flying geese (see next figure). The
rest of the picture means that his wagon was stalled on the second day
of this moon.
_Gañhíña P'a_ (January? 1890). "Real-goose moon," the name being
indicated by the picture of a double line of flying geese; the single
stroke and the boot record the fact that the issue of annuity goods for
the year began on the first day of this moon.
[Illustration: FIG. 198--Gañhíña P'a--Annuity issue.]
_Ka`gúăt P'a Sän._ The name, "Little-bud moon," is indicated by the
figure of a budding tree above the crescent. The mares foal now; shown
by the picture of a horse. He says the whites usually begin to plow now.
It was drawn on the first day (one stroke) of the moon.
[Illustration: FIG. 199--Ka`gúăt P'a Sän--Mares foal.]
_Ka`gúăt P'a_, "Bud moon." Indicated by a tree with red buds. The rude
figure of an ax sticking in the tree shows that he began to split rails
in this moon.
_Aideñ P'a_, "leaf moon." The name is indicated by the figure of a tree
with green leaves. He lost his horses, hunted, found them, and drove
them home; shown by the representation of horses and horse tracks.
_Pai Ä`gâ´nti._ There is nothing to indicate the name of the moon. In
this moon (about May, 1890) the Kiowa, having first heard of the
ghost-dance messiah, went and camped with the Arapaho and Cheyenne to
learn more about it from them. It is indicated by pictures of the three
tipis above the crescent.
[Illustration: FIG. 200--Ka`gúăt P'a--Split rails.]
[Illustration: FIG. 201--Aideñ P'a--Horses lost.]
[Illustration: FIG. 202--Pai Ä`gâ´nti--Visit Cheyenne.]
[Illustration: FIG. 203--Pai Tépgañ P'a--Ghost dance.]
_Pai Tépgañ P'a._ There is nothing to indicate the name of the moon.
They went again to the Cheyenne when the moon was two days old (two
strokes) and danced the ghost dance with them for the first time. The
picture shows two persons wearing the head feather and holding hands as
in the ghost dance.
[Illustration: BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY
SEVENTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT PL. LXXXI
ANKO]
_Pai Gañhíña P'a_ (July, 1890). There is nothing to indicate the name of
the moon. In this moon, on July 20, 1890, the agent sent troops to
prevent the sun dance, as already related (see summer 1890); there was
also a payment of grass money by the cattlemen on the third day of the
moon. The record is made by means of the picture of the decorated
medicine pole, the three circles for dollars, and the three strokes for
the time. This ends his first year of moons.
[Illustration: FIG. 204--Pai Gañhíña P'a--Sun dance stopped; Grass
payment.]
[Illustration: FIG. 205--T'águñótal P'a Sän.]
[Illustration: FIG. 206--T'águñótal P'a--Ä´piatañ.]
_T'águñótal P'a Sän._ No event is recorded. The name of the moon is
indicated by means of a figure intended to represent the antlers of a deer.
_T'águñótal P'a._ The artist has tried to indicate the name of the moon,
as before, by a picture of the branching antlers of a deer, under the
human figure, intended for Ä´piatañ, who went during this moon to visit
the ghost dance messiah, as already narrated. (See winter 1890-91.)
_Gákiñăt'o P'a._ The moon name is indicated as before. In this month
Sitting-bull, the Arapaho apostle of the ghost dance, came to teach the
doctrine to the Kiowa, and a great ghost dance was held on the Washita;
this was about October, 1890 (see winter 1890-91). The human figure
beside the buffalo indicates the name "Sitting-bull."
[Illustration: FIG. 207--Gákiñăt'o P'a--Sitting-bull.]
[Illustration: FIG. 208--Ä`gâ´nti.]
_Ä`gâ´nti._ The moon name is indicated as before. No event is
recorded.
_Tépgañ P'a_ (January, 1891). It is indicated in the regular way. In
this moon the three schoolboys were frozen to death, as already related
(winter 1890-91); they ran away from the school on January 9, 1891, and
are represented by the figures as wearing hats and holding out a book.
Anko drew only two figures, but explains that "everybody knows there
were three."
[Illustration: FIG. 209--Tépgañ P'a--Schoolboys frozen.]
[Illustration: FIG. 210--Gañhíña--Annuity issue.]
_Gañhíña P'a._ The moon is indicated as before. The annuity issue was
made in this moon, shown by the pictures of a boot and a blanket. This
was about the end of January, 1891.
_Ka`gúăt P'a Sän_ (February, 1891). The moon is indicated in the regular
way, and the rude human figure is intended by the artist for Ä´piatañ,
who returned this month (February, 1891) from his visit to the Indian
messiah (see winter 1890-91). The two strokes show that he returned, or
that the picture was drawn, on the second day of the moon.
_Ka`gúăt P'a._ It is indicated as before by means of a budding tree. The
agent issued wire for fencing, shown by a reel of wire upon the tree,
with a single stroke for the date.
_Aídeñ P'a._ It is indicated as before by a tree in foliage. No event is
recorded.
[Illustration: FIG. 211--Ka`gúăt P'a Sän--Ä´piatañ]
[Illustration: FIG. 212--Ka`gúăt P'a--Wire issue.]
_Pai Ä`gâ´nti_ (June, 1891). There is nothing to indicate the name of
the moon. About this time a commission came to negotiate with the Caddo
and Wichita for a sale of their reservation; an agreement was reached in
June, 1891 (_Report, 117_). The figure shows a white man and an Indian
beside a sectional figure to represent the allotments of lands, with
circles above for the purchase money.
[Illustration: FIG. 213--Aídeñ P'a.]
[Illustration: FIG. 214--Pai Ä`gâ´nti--Treaty sale.]
_Pai Tépgañ P'a_ (July, 1891). There is nothing to distinguish the moon.
In this moon occurs the Fourth of July, on which occasion there are
always great gatherings of the Indians for races at Fort Sill and
Anadarko. Anko ran races with the rest, but lost his bet. The figure
shows a quirt and a dollar, for the race and the bet.
_Pai Gañhíña P'a._ There is nothing to show the name of the moon. A
young man "stole" the wife of Paul Sétk`opte, indicated by the picture
of a woman beside a man wearing a pair of buffalo horns, Sétk`opte when
a boy having been known as "Buffalo-horns." This ends the second year of
the calendar.
[Illustration: FIG. 215--Pai Tépgañ P'a--Races.]
[Illustration: FIG. 216--Pai Gañhíña P'a--Woman stolen.]
_T'águñótal P'a Sän._ The figure at the extreme top is intended for a
deer antler, to indicate the name of the moon. The Kiowa visited the
Cheyenne to dance the "Pueblo dance," which they obtained originally
from the Pueblo Indians, and received in return several war-bonnets as
presents; in this dance the men carry rattles in their hands, and the
women follow behind. The picture shows a man wearing a war-bonnet and
holding out a rattle, while a woman follows him.
_T'águñótal P'a._ The moon is distinguished as before by a picture of a
deer antler above the principal figure, which, although rudely drawn, is
intended for a man with a snake near his head; this records the killing
of P'odalä´ñte, "Coming-snake," as already related (see summer 1891).
[Illustration: FIG. 217--T'águñótal P'a Sän--Pueblo dance.]
_Gákiñat'o P'a._ The moon is distinguished as before by the ten strokes
below the crescent. In this moon T'enétaide, "Bird-chief," alias P'ató,
was sick, and they made "medicine" for his recovery, indicated by the
picture of the sacred pipe; in this moon also Anko cut wood for the
government, noted in the figure of a man with an ax beside a tree. The
two strokes within the crescent may refer to the date either of one of
the events noted or to the day on which the picture was drawn.
[Illustration: FIG. 218--T'aguñótal P'a--P'odalä´ñte killed.]
[Illustration: FIG. 219--Gákiñat'o P'a--Made medicine; Cut wood.]
_Ä`gâ´nti_ (November, 1892). The name of this moon is indicated as
before by the picture of a feather above the crescent; the crescent
itself is filled in with black between the horns to note the fact of the
total lunar eclipse of November 4, 1892, as recorded by the Nautical
Almanac.
_Tépgañ P'a._ The name of the moon is indicated as in the first
instance. No event is recorded. The two strokes may mark the date of the
drawing.
[Illustration: FIG. 220--Ä`gâ´nti--Lunar eclipse.]
[Illustration: FIG. 221--Tepgañ P'a.]
[Illustration: FIG. 222--Gañhíña P'a--Annuity issue.]
_Gañhíña P'a._ There is nothing to indicate the name of the month. The
annuity issue of clothing, etc, about the beginning of the year 1892, is
recorded as before by means of conventional representations of a boot
and a blanket.
_Ka`gúăt P'a Sän._ The moon is distinguished as before, and the issue of
wire for fencing, which occurs usually in early spring and soon after
the annuity issue, is indicated as before by a reel of wire upon the
tree.
_Ka`gúăt P'a._ The moon is distinguished in the regular way. In this
month he removed from the winter camp near the agency to his home camp
near the mountains; the tipi picture records the fact. In the same moon
came a late frost which killed the springing vegetation; the cross notes
the fact, being a pictorial representation of the gesture sign for "cut
off," "stopped," or "ended."
[Illustration: FIG. 223--K'agúăt P'a Sän--Wire issue.]
[Illustration: FIG. 224--Ka`gúăt P'a--Move camp.]
[Illustration: FIG. 225--Áideñ P'a--Immigrants arrive.]
[Illustration: FIG. 226--Pai Ä`gâ´nti--Íatäkía dies; Grass payment.]
_Aíden P'a_ (April, 1892). The moon is distinguished as before by the
figure of a tree in full foliage. The picture of the wagons records the
appearance of emigrants in the Cheyenne country, which was formally
opened for settlement on April 19, 1892.
_Pai Ä`gâ´nti._ There is nothing to distinguish the moon. A Ute captive
named Íatäkía, "Ute-man," died, and the fact is noted in the picture of
a man with his hand pointing downward; in accordance with the tribal
custom, Anko for a long time refused to pronounce the name of the dead
man. In this moon also began a grass payment, indicated by means of
circles for dollars.
_Pai Tépgañ P'a._ There is nothing to distinguish the moon. He notes the
great measles epidemic of the spring of 1892 (see summer 1892), and the
finishing of the grass payment, by pictures respectively of a human
figure with red blotches and of circles for dollars. Two strokes may
indicate the date of the drawing.
_Pai Gañhíña P'a_ (July, 1892). There is nothing to distinguish the
month. The picture of a man and horse records the occurrence of the
Fourth of July races.
[Illustration: _Fig._ 227--Pai Tépgañ P'a--Measles; Grass payment.]
[Illustration: FIG. 228--Pai Gañhíña P'a--Fourth of July races.]
[Illustration: FIG. 229--T'águñótal P'a Sän--Cheyenne dance.]
_T'águñótal P'a Sän._ The moon is distinguished by the figure of a
deer antler above the principal picture, which is intended to record the
visit of a large party of Cheyenne and Arapaho in full dress, for dancing
purposes; they arrived on July 29,1892, and remained about two
weeks.
MILITARY AND TRADING POSTS, MISSIONS, ETC, WITHIN THE LIMITS OF THE
ACCOMPANYING MAP
ARIZONA
Apache--1870--Existing.
Barrett--May-July, 1862.
Beale's Springs--1871--1874.
Bowie--1862--1894.
Breckenridge--1860--1862.
Buchanan--1856--1861.
Cameron, Camp--1866--1867.
Crittenden--1868--1873.
Date Creek, Camp--1867--1873.
Defiance (now Navaho Agency)--1852--1861.
Ganado, or Pueblo Colorado (trading place of Cotton &
Hubbell)--Existing.
Goodwin, Camp--1864--1871.
Grant, Camp (old)--1865--1872.
Grant--1872--Existing.
Huachuca--1877--Existing.
Hualpai, Camp--1869--1873.
Keam's (trading place)--1869--Existing.
Lowell--1862--1891.
McDowell--1865--1891.
Mason--1865--1866.
Mohave--1859--1890.
Pinal, Camp--1870--1871.
Rawlings, Camp--1870.
Reno, Camp--1867--1870.
Round Rock (trading place)--
Rucker, Camp J. A.--1878--1880.
San Carlos (subpost of Fort Grant)--1882--Existing.
San Xavier del Bac Mission (Catholic)--Church erected, 1699; mission
abandoned, 1750; reoccupied, 1752; practically abandoned as a mission,
1828.
Supply, Camp (old)--
Thomas--1876--1892.
Tubac (presidio and mission)--1752; presidio transferred to Tucson,
1772; reestablished, 1824, but evidently abandoned as presidio and
mission shortly afterward.
Tucson--Visita of San Xavier about 1772, when presidio was transferred
from Tubac; abolished as a presidio at beginning of Mexican war.
Tumacacori Mission (Catholic)--Established between 1699 and 1701;
practically destroyed by Apaches, 1769; reoccupied about 1784; destroyed
again by Apaches, 1820.
Verde--1866--1891.
Wallen, Camp--1866--1869.
Whipple--1864--1898.
Whipple, Camp (old)--1863--1864.
Willow Grove, Camp--1867--1869.
ARKANSAS
Smith--1817--1871.
CALIFORNIA
Yuma--1850--1883.
COLORADO
Bent's (old)--1834--1867: Originally established as a trading post by
Charles Bent and Ceran St Vrain in 1834, sometimes known as Fort
William. In 1860 it was occupied by the United States as a part of the
new Fort Wise, established adjoining in that summer, and sometimes known
as Old Fort Lyon. In 1867 Fort Wise was abandoned and (New) Fort Lyon
established, the buildings of Bent's Fort being then in ruins.
Bent's (new)--1852--1853.
Collins--1864--1866.
Crawford--1880--1890.
Garland, or Massachusetts--1850--1883.
Lewis--1878.
Logan--1889--Existing.
Lupton--
Lyon (new)--1867--1889.
Morgan--1865--1868.
Pike's Blockhouse--1806.
Pike's Fort--1807.
Reynolds--1867--1872.
Sedgwick--1864--1871.
St Vrain's, trading post of Bent and St Vrain--1826--1847.
White River, Camp on--1891.
William--_see_ Bent's (old).
Wise, or Old Fort Lyon--1860--1867--_see_ Bent's (old).
IDAHO
Boisé (Hudson Bay Company and United States)--United States,
1863--Existing.
Coeur d'Alène or Sherman--1878--Existing.
Hall (Hudson Bay Company and United States--before 1844)--1883.
Henry's (Missouri Fur Company)--1809--1811.
Lapwai--1862--1885.
Lyon, Camp--1865.
Sacred Heart Mission (Catholic)--1842--Existing.
Sherman--_see_ Coeur d'Alène.
Winthrop, Camp--1866.
INDIAN TERRITORY AND OKLAHOMA
Arbuckle, Camp (on Canadian)--1850--1851.
Arbuckle, Fort (new--near Washita)--1851--1870.
Arbuckle Fort (old--on Arkansas)--June-November, 1834.
Augur, Camp--1884 (summer).
Cantonment--1879--Existing.
Chouteau's--Camp Holmes, of treaty conference in 1835; Chouteau's
trading post 1835-38.
Cobb--1859--1869.
Coffee--1834--1838.
Gibson--Trading post 1822; United States 1824.
Holmes, Camp--_see_ Chouteau's.
Holmes, Fort--
McCulloch--
Madison's--_see_ "Tométe's."
Radziminski, Camp--1858--1859.
Reno--1874--Existing.
Sill--1869--Existing.
Supply--1868--1894.
"Tométe's"--Trading post established in 1836; same site occupied by
Madison in 1869.
Towson--1824--1854.
Washita--1842--1861.
Wayne--1838--1842.
IOWA
Dodge, or Clarke--1850--1853.
KANSAS
Atkinson--1850--1854.
Beecher, Camp--1868--1869.
Chouteau's--1845.
Dodge--1865--1882.
Harker (at Ellsworth)--1864--1873.
Hays--1865--1889.
Larned--1859--1878.
Leavenworth--1827--Existing.
Lincoln--1863--1864.
Mann--trading post, marked on map of 1846.
Riley--1853--Existing.
Scott--1842--1865.
Wallace--1865--1882.
Zarah--1864--1869.
MINNESOTA
Ridgely--1853--1867.
Ripley--1849--1877.
MISSOURI
Carondelet (Chouteau's)--1790.
Osage--1809--1835.
MONTANA
Alexander (American Fur Company)--1842.
Assinniboine--1879--Existing.
Belknap--
Benton (American Fur Company and United States)--United States,
1869--1881.
Browning--
Canby, Camp--
Charles--
Clagett--
Cook, Camp--1866--1870.
Custer--1877--Existing.
Ellis--1867--1886.
Galpin--
Gilbert--
Harrison--1895 (September)--Existing.
Hawley--
Keogh--1877--Existing.
Kipp--
La Barge--1862.
Lewis, Camp--1874.
Lisa's (Missouri Fur Company), _a_. 1808-9; _b_. 1807-8, later site of
Fort Van Buren.
Logan--1869--1880.
Maginnis (on Box Elder creek)--1890.
McGinnis (on Birch creek)--
McIntosh, Camp--
Merritt, Camp (subpost of Fort Keogh)--1892 (October)--Existing.
Missoula--1877--1898.
Owen (trading)--_see_ St. Mary's Mission.
Pease--1875--1876.
Peck--
Poplar River, Camp--1882--1893.
Saint Ignatius Mission (Catholic)--1851.
Saint Mary's Mission (Catholic)--1841--1850, then changed to trading
post, Fort Owen.
Saint Peter's Mission (Catholic)--
Sarpy (America Fur Company)--1850.
Shaw--1867--1891.
Smith, O. F.--1866--1868.
Stewart--
Turnay--
Union--American Fur Company, 1832; United States, 1867.
Van Buren or Tullock (American Fur Company)--1839--1841; _see_ Lisa's.
NEBRASKA
Atkinson, or Calhoun--1821--1827.
Bellevue (Missouri Fur Company; American Fur Company; agency;
mission)--1805--1854.
Crook--1896 (June)--Existing.
Hartsuff--1874--1881.
Kearney (old)--1847--1848.
Kearney (new)--1848--1871.
McPherson--1863--1866.
Niobrara--1880--Existing.
North Platte station--1867--1878.
Omaha--1868--1896.
Red Willow, Camp--1872.
Robinson--1874--Existing.
Ruggles, Camp--1874.
Sheridan, Camp--1874--1881.
Sidney--1867--1894.
NEVADA
Halleck--1877--1886.
Ruby, Camp--1862--1869.
NEW MEXICO
Albuquerque, Post--1846--1867.
Bascom--1863--1870.
Bayard--1866--Existing.
Burgwin, Cantonment--1852--1860.
Conrad--1851--1854.
Craig--1854--1885.
Cimarron or Maxwell's Ranch, trading post, established about 1848;
occupied as Ute and Jicarilla agency, 1861--1872.
Cummings--1863--1886.
Defiance--_see_ under Arizona.
Fillmore--1851--1861.
Las Cruces--1863--1865.
Las Lunas--1852--1862.
Los Pinos--1862--1866.
Lowell--1866--1869.
Lyon--_see_ Wingate.
McLane--1860--1861.
McRae--1863--1876.
Marcy--1846--1897.
Mimbres--
Selden--1865--1891.
Stanton--1856--1896.
Sumner--1862--1869.
Thorn--1853--1859.
Tularosa--1872--1874.
Union--1851--1891.
West--1863--1864.
Wingate (old)--1862--1868.
Wingate--Fort Lyon 1860--1861; Wingate 1868--Existing.
NORTH DAKOTA
Abercrombie--1858--1878.
Bad Lands, Camp--1879--1883.
Berthold--American Fur Company, 1845--1862; United States, 1865--1867.
Buford--1866--1895.
Clark--
Lincoln, A.--1872--1891.
Mandan--Lewis and Clark, winter 1804-05.
Pembina--1870--1895.
Ransom--1867--1872.
Rice--1864--1878.
Seward--abandoned 1877.
Standing Rock Agency (at Fort Yates)--1874--Existing.
Stevenson--1867--1883.
Totten--1867--1890.
Yates--1878--Existing.
SOUTH DAKOTA
Bennett (Cheyenne River Agency)--1870--1891.
Dakota--1865--1869.
George--
Hale--1870--1884.
James--1865--1866.
Lookout--trading post; United States, 1856--1867.
Meade--1878--Existing.
Pierre--American Fur Company, 1819; United States, 1865--1867.
Ponca--1865--1866.
Randall--1856--1892.
Sisseton--1864--1889.
Sully--1866--1894.
Sully (old)--1863--1866.
Thompson (Crow Creek agency)--1864--1867.
TEXAS
Anderson's, trading post--
Barnard's, trading post--
Belknap--1851--1867.
Bliss--1848--Existing.
Brown--1846--Existing.
Chadbourne--1852--1867.
Charlotte, Camp--
Clark--1852--Existing.
Colorado, Camp--1856--1861.
Concho--1867--1889.
Cooper, Camp--1856--1861.
Davis--1854--1891.
Del Rio, Camp--1876--1891.
Duncan (afterward Eagle Pass)--1849--1883.
Eagle Pass (subpost of Fort Clark)--1883--Existing.
Elliott--1875--1890.
Esperanza (Confederate)--1862--1864.
Espiritu Santo Mission (Catholic)--
Ewell--1852--1854.
Gates--1849--1852.
Graham--1849--1853.
Griffin--1867--1881.
Hancock--1884--1895.
Hudson, Camp--1857--1868.
Inge--1849--1869.