Our subject now demands that we should relate the doings of Attalus,
for he is also one of the Athenian Eponymi. A Macedonian by name
Docimus, one of Antigonus’ generals, who afterwards gave himself and
his fortune into the hands of Lysimachus, had a Paphlagonian eunuch
called Philetærus. Now all the circumstances of Philetærus’ revolt from
Lysimachus, and how he invited in Seleucus, shall be narrated by me
in my account of Lysimachus. But this Attalus was the son of Attalus,
and nephew of Philetærus, and got the kingdom from Eumenes his cousin
handing it over to him. And this is the greatest of his exploits, that
he compelled the Galati to leave the coast and go inland to Galatia,
the country which they now inhabit.
And next to the statues of the Eponymi are images of the gods,
Amphiaraus and Peace with Wealth as a boy in her arms. Here, too, are
statues in bronze of Lycurgus the son of Lycophron, and of Callias who
negotiated peace, as most of the Athenians say, between the Greeks
and Artaxerxes the son of Xerxes. Here, too, is Demosthenes, whom the
Athenians drove into exile to Calauria, the island near Trœzen, and
after having recalled him drove him into exile a second time after
the defeat at Lamia. And when Demosthenes went into exile the second
time, he crossed over again to Calauria, where he died by taking
poison. And he was the only exile who was not handed over to Antipater
and the Macedonians by Archias. Now this Archias, who was a native
of Thurii, acted very inhumanly. All who had opposed the Macedonians
before the disaster which befel the Greeks in Thessaly, Archias handed
over to Antipater for punishment. Now this was the end of Demosthenes’
excessive affection for the Athenians. And it seems to me deserving of
record, that a man who had been cruelly exiled for his policy, and had
yet believed in the democracy, came to a bad end.
And near the statue of Demosthenes is the temple of Ares, where are
two images of Aphrodite, and one of Ares designed by Alcamenes, and one
of Athene designed by a Parian by name Locrus. Here too is an image of
Enyo by the sons of Praxiteles. And round the temple are statues of
Hercules, and Theseus, and Apollo with his long hair in a fillet: and
statues of Calades, who was a legislator of the Athenians according
to tradition, and of Pindar, who amongst other honour obtained this
statue from the Athenians because he praised them in an Ode. And at no
great distance are statues of Harmodius and Aristogiton, the murderers
of Hipparchus: the motive and manner of this murder has been told by
others. And of these statues some are by Critias, but the oldest ones
by Antenor. And although Xerxes when he captured Athens, (the Athenians
having left the city), took them off as booty, Antiochus sent them back
afterwards to the Athenians.
And in the theatre, which they call Odeum, there are statues, in the
entrance, of the Egyptian kings. Their names are all Ptolemy alike,
but each has another distinguishing name also. Thus they call one
Philometor, and another Philadelphus, and the son of Lagus Soter, a
name the Rhodians gave him. Philadelphus is the one whom I have before
made mention of as one of the Eponymi. And near him is also a statue of
his sister Arsinoe.