In this way there gathered round the carpenter of Nazareth more
disciples and friends, who wished to accompany Him in His wanderings
through the land. For Jesus had decided. He desired only to wander
through the land and bring men tidings of the Heavenly Father and of
the Kingdom of God. He appointed some of His disciples to prepare for
Him a reception and lodging everywhere. Then there were the assemblies
of the people to regulate; and the disciples, so far as they themselves
understood the new teaching, must act as interpreters and expositors
for those who could not understand the Master's peculiar language.
Among those was John, the carpenter, who had once been an apprentice to
Jesus, a near relative of the Master. Other of His disciples were
called James, he was the boat-builder; then Simon, Andrew, and Thomas,
the fishermen; Levi Matthew, the publican; Thaddeus, the saddler; and
further--but my memory is weak--James, the little shepherd; Nathan, the
potter; and his brother Philip, the innkeeper from Jericho;
Bartholomew, the smith; and Judas, the money-changer from Carioth.
Like Simon and Matthew, they had all left their trades or offices to
follow with boundless devotion Him they called Lord and Master.
How shall I dare to describe the Master! His personality defies
description. It left none cold who came in contact with it. It was
attractive not only by humility and gentleness, but more by active
power, and by such sacred and fiery anger as had never before been seen
in any one. People were never tired of looking at the man with the
tall, handsome figure. His head was crowned with lightly curling,
reddish, bright-looking hair, which hung down soft and heavy at the
side and back, and floated over His shoulders. His brow was broad and
white, for no sunbeam could penetrate the shade formed by His hair. He
had a strong, straight nose, more like that of a Greek than of a Jew,
and His red lips were shaded with a thick beard. And His eyes were
wonderful, large, dark eyes, with a marvellous fire in them.
Ordinarily it was a fire that burnt warm and soft, but at times it
shone with a great glow of happiness, or sparkled with anger, like a
midsummer storm by night in the mountains of Lebanon. On that account
many called Him "fiery eye." He wore a long, straight gown, without
hat or staff. He generally wore sandals on His feet, but sometimes He
forgot to put them on, for in His spiritual communings He did not
perceive the roughness of the road. So He wandered through the stony
desert, as through the flowery meadows of the fertile valleys. When
His companions complained of the storm or heat, and tore their limbs on
the sharp stones and thorns, He remained calm and uncomplaining. He
did not, like the holy men of the East, seek for hardships, but He did
not fear them. He was an enemy of all external trappings, because they
distracted the attention from the inner life, and by their attractions
might induce a false appearance of reality. He gladly received
invitations to the houses of the joyful, and rejoiced with them; at
table He ate and drank with moderation. He added to the pleasures of
the table by narrating parables and legends, by means of which He
brought deep truths home to the people. Since He left the little house
at Nazareth, He possessed no worldly goods. What He needed in His
wanderings for Himself and His followers, He asked of those who had
possessions. His manner was often rough and spiced with bitter irony,
even where He proved Himself helpful and sympathetic. Towards His
disciples, whom He loved deeply--expecially young John--He always
showed Himself absorbed in His mission to make strong, courageous,
God-fearing men out of weak creatures. He was so definite about what
He liked and what He disliked, that even the blindest could see it. He
suffered no compromise between good and evil. He specially disliked
ambiguous speakers, hypocrites, and sneaks; He preferred to have to do
with avowed sinners.
One of His fundamental traits was to be yielding in disposition, but
unflinching in His teaching. He avoided all personal dislikes,
hatreds, all that might poison the heart. His soul was trust and
kindness. So high did He rank kindness, and so heavily did he condemn
selfishness, that one of His disciples said, to sin from kindness
brought a man nearer to God than to do good through selfishness. The
hostility and reverses He met with He turned into a source of
happiness. Happiness! Did not that word come into the world with
Jesus?
"He is always talking of being happy," someone once said to John.
"What do you understand by being happy?"
John replied; "When you feel quite contented inwardly, so that no
worldly desire or bitterness disturbs your peace, when all within you
is love and trust, as though you were at rest in the eternity of God
and nothing can trouble you any more, that is, as I take it, what He
means by being happy. But it cannot be put into words, only he who
feels it understands."
And Jesus possessed, too, the high sense of communion with God, which
he transmitted to all who followed Him. But I should like to add that
where Jesus was most divine, there He was most human. In thrusting
from Him all worldly desire, all worldly property, and worldly care, He
freed Himself from the burden which renders most men unhappy. In
communion with God He was at once a simple child, and a wise man of the
world. No anxiety existed about accidents, perils, loss and ruin.
Everything happened according to His will, because it was the will of
God, and He enjoyed life with simplicity and a pure heart. Is not that
the true human lot? And does not such a natural, glad life come very
near to the Divine?
Thus, then, He followed the Divine path across that historic ground
which will be known as the Holy Land to the end of time.
And now that great day, that great Sabbath morning came.
For a long time damp, grey mists had hung over the valleys of Galilee;
banks of fog had hovered over the mountains of Lebanon; showers of cold
rain fell. But after the gloom dawned a bright spring morning. From
the rocky heights a fertile land was visible. Green meadows watered by
shining streams adorned the valleys, and groups of pines, fig trees,
olive trees, and cedars, the slopes and the hill-tops. Vines and dewy
roses were in the hedges. A full-voiced choir of birds and fresh
breezes from the Lake filled the soft air. Westwards the blue waters
of the Mediterranean might be discerned, and in the east, through
distant clefts in the rocks, the shimmer of the Dead Sea. Southwards
lay the plain, and the yellowish mounds which marked the beginning of
the desert. And towards the west the snow peaks of Lebanon were
visible above the dark forest and the lighter green of the slopes. A
perfect sunny peacefulness lay over everything.
The flat rocks of the gentler slopes were crowded with people, many of
whom had never seen this district. And they still came from every
village and farm. Instead of going as usual to the synagogue, they
hastened to this mountain height. Instead of seeking soft repose, as
their desire of comfort bade them, they hurried thither over stocks and
stones. Instead of visiting friend or neighbour they all climbed the
heights together. For they knew that Jesus was there, and would speak.
And so they stood or sat on the flat stones--men and women, old and
young, rich and poor. Many only came out of curiosity, and passed the
time in witty sallies; others jested together; others, again, waited in
silent expectation. Those who already knew Him whispered excitedly,
and Simon said to James; "My heart has never beat so violently as
to-day."
And Jesus stood on the summit of the mountain. As if all men were
turned to stone at sight of Him, a silence and stillness now took the
place of the subdued murmur of the crowd. He stood in His long,
light-coloured gown, like a white pillar against the blue sky. His
left hand hung motionless by His side, the right was pressed against
His heart. He began to speak softly, but clearly. Not in the even
tone of a preacher, but quickly and eagerly, often hesitating a moment
while collecting His thoughts for a pregnant saying. It was not as if
He had thought out His speech beforehand, or learned it out of books.
What His own individual temperament had originated, what time had
matured in Him, He poured forth in the rush of the Holy Spirit.
"I am sent to make appeal to you. I come to all, but especially to the
poor. I come to the afflicted, to the distressed, to the sick, to the
imprisoned, to the cast down. I come with glad tidings from the
Heavenly Father."
After this introduction He, in His humility, looked out into the great
world of Nature, as if she would supply Him with words. But Nature was
silent; indeed, at that hour, all creatures were silent and listened.
Then Jesus lifted His eyes to the crowd, and began to speak as men had
never heard any one speak before.
"Brothers! Rejoice! Again I say, Rejoice! A good Father lives in
heaven. His presence is everywhere, His power is boundless, and we are
His children whom He loves. He makes His sun to shine over all; He
overlooks no one. He sees into the dark recesses of all hearts, and no
one can move a hair's breadth without His consent. He places freely
before men happiness and eternal life. Listen to what I say to you in
His name:
"All ye children of men who seek salvation, come to Me. I bless the
poor, for no earthly burden can keep them from the Kingdom of Heaven.
I bless the suffering, the afflicted, disappointed--abandoned by the
world they take refuge in life in God. I bless the kind-hearted and
the peace-loving. Their hearts are not troubled with hate and guilt;
they live as happy children of God. I bless those who love justice,
for they are God's companions, and shall find justice. I bless the
pure in heart. No bewildering desire obscures the face of God from
them. I bless the merciful. Sympathetic love gives strength, brings
compassion where it is needed. And blessed, thrice blessed, are you
who suffer persecution for the sake of righteousness. Yours is the
Kingdom of Heaven. Rejoice and be glad, all of you--no eye hath yet
seen, no ear hath yet heard the joys that are laid up for you in
heaven. Now hear My mission. Many say I wish to change the old laws.
That is not so. I come to fulfil the old laws, but according to the
spirit, not according to the letter. The learned men who preach in the
synagogues fulfil it according to the letter, and desire to guide the
people; but if you do as they, you will not be righteous, nor will you
find the Kingdom of God. The wise men say, you shall not kill. I say,
you shall not get angry, or be contemptuous. He who grows angry and
censorious shall himself be judged. Your pious gifts are of no avail
if you live at enmity with your neighbour. In the law of the sages it
is written, you shall not commit adultery. I say, you shall not even
think of breaking your marriage vows. Rather should you become blind
than let your eye desire your neighbour's wife. Better lose your sight
than your purity. Rather cut off your hand than reach it after your
neighbour's goods. Better lose your strength than your virtue. It is
said in the Law, you shall not swear falsely. I say, you shall not
swear at all, either by God, or by your soul, or by your child. Yes or
no, that is enough. Now say whether I change the laws. Rather do I
desire the strictest obedience to them. But there are laws which I do
change. Listen; An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth. I say you
shall not treat your adversary in a hostile fashion. What you can in
justice do for yourself, that do, but go no farther; it is a thousand
times better to suffer wrong than to do wrong. Overcome your enemy
with kindness. If any one smites you on the right cheek, keep your
temper and offer him the left. Maybe that will disarm his wrath. If
any one tears off your coat ask him kindly if he would not like the
undergarment too? Perhaps he will be ashamed of his greediness. If
any asks you for something that you can grant, do not refuse him, and
if you have two coats give one to him who has none. In the law of the
sages it is said: Love your neighbour; hate your enemy. That is false.
For it is easy enough to love them that love you, and hate them that
hate you. The godless can manage so much. I tell you, love your
neighbour, and also love your enemy. Listen, my brothers, and declare
it throughout the whole world what I now say to you: Love your enemies,
do good to them that hate you."
He stopped, and a stir went through the assembly. Words had been
spoken the like of which had not before been heard in the world. A
holy inspiration, as it were, entered the universe at that hour such as
had not been felt since the creation.
Jesus continued speaking: "Do good to those who hate you; that is how
God acts towards men, even when they mock at him. Try to imitate the
Father in heaven in all things. What good ye do, do it for the sake of
God, not for the sake of men. Therefore the second commandment is as
important as the first. Love God more than everything, and your
neighbour as yourself. But you shall not boast of your good works.
When you give alms, do it secretly, and speak not of it, so that the
left hand knows not what the right hand doeth. If you do not give up
the goods of this world, you will not attain to the Kingdom of Heaven.
If you fast, do not wear a sad face. Be cheerful; what matters it that
others should know that you fast? If you do not keep the Sabbath holy,
you cannot see the Father. But when you pray, do it secretly in your
chamber; you are nearest your Father in heaven in quiet humility. Use
not many words in your praying as idolaters do. Not he who constantly
praises the Lord finds Him, but he who does His will. Lift up your
heart in trust, and submit to the will of Him who is in heaven. Honour
His name, seek His kingdom. Ask pardon for your own fault, and be
careful to pardon him who offends against you. Ask that you may
receive what you require for your needs each day, so that you may find
strength against temptation, and freedom from impatience and evil
desire. If you pray thus, your prayer will be heard; for he who asks
in the right way shall receive, and for him who continually knocks
shall the gate be opened. Is there a father among you who would give
his child a stone when he asks for bread? And if a poor man grants his
child's request, how much more the mighty, good Father in heaven. But
be not too anxious for your daily needs: such anxiety spoils pure
pleasure. If you heap up material goods, then death comes. Gather not
the treasures which pass away; gather spiritual treasures to your inner
profit, treasures which your Heavenly Father stores up into life
eternal. Such a store will benefit the souls of those who come after
you. Man is so fashioned that his heart always inclines to his
possessions; if his possessions are with God, then will his heart be
with God. He who is for the body cannot be for the soul, because he
cannot serve two masters. Earn for the day what ye need for the day,
but take no care for the morrow. Be not anxious about what you shall
eat to-morrow, about how you shall be clothed in the years to come.
Trust in Him who feeds the birds, and makes the flowers bloom. Shall
not the Heavenly Father have greater love for the children of men than
for the sparrow or the lily? Do not burden your life with cares, but
be glad, glad, glad in God, your Father. Set your minds on the Kingdom
of Heaven; all else is second to that. . . . I observe, my brothers,
that these words come home to you; but first see if the teacher follows
His own precepts. Beware of preachers, wolves in sheep's clothing, who
live otherwise than they teach. Whoever speaks to you in My name, look
first at his works, as ye recognise the tree by its fruit. Judge men
according to their works, but do not condemn them! Before you condemn,
remember that you yourself may be condemned. As you judge others so
shall you yourself be judged. How often, my friend, do you see a Mote
in your brother's eye, while you do not see a whole beam in your own
eye. Get rid of your own faults before you censure the faults of your
brother. The path which leads to salvation is narrow, and while you
escape the abyss on the left hand you may fall into that on the right.
And that you may proceed in safety along the narrow way, take heed to
My words: _Everything that you wish to be done unto you, that do unto
others_. Now, My brothers and sisters, in the land of our fathers, let
those of you who must return to your work, return and ponder on the
message I have brought you. Every one who has heard it, and does not
live according to it, is like the man who builds his house on sand; but
he who lives in accordance with this teaching builds his house on the
rocks, and no storm can destroy it. The words that I deliver to you in
the name of the Heavenly Father will outlast all the wisdom of the
earth. He who hears and does not heed is lost to Me; he who follows My
teaching will attain eternal life."
Thus ended the speech which became one of the greatest events of the
world. Many were terrified by the concluding sentences, for they heard
the word but were too weak to follow it. Their cowardice did not
escape Jesus, and because He could not let any depart uncomforted, they
seemed to hear Him murmur: "The Kingdom of Heaven belongs to those who
untiringly reach out after it. Blessed are the weak whose will is
good."