allusion to the beauty of the plant, and to its being one of the
leguminous kind). ORD. _Leguminosæ_. A hardy deciduous shrub, with
axillary pedunculate racemes of yellow flowers, and impari-pinnate
leaves. This is well adapted for the front of shrubberies. It is
somewhat difficult to propagate, except by seeds, which, however, in
fine seasons, are produced in abundance. Grafted high on the common
Laburnum, it forms an object at once singular, picturesque, and
beautiful, whether covered with blossoms, or with its fine reddish pods.
=C. wolgarica= (Volga).* _fl._ yellow. May, June. _l._, leaflets
six or seven pairs, orbicular, velvety beneath, as well as the
calyces. _h._ 2ft. to 3ft. Siberia, 1786. (W. D. B. 83.)
=CALOPHANES= (from _kalos_, beautiful, and _phaino_, to appear;
alluding to the flowers). ORD. _Acanthaceæ_. A genus of about thirty
species, widely distributed, principally in the tropical regions of
both hemispheres. The best garden plant is that mentioned below; it is
an interesting hardy herbaceous perennial, excellent for growing in
borders, in loam and peat, or sandy loam soil; and may be propagated by
dividing the roots, in March.
=C. oblongifolia= (oblong-leaved).* _fl._ blue; corolla
funnel-shaped, throat ventricose, limb bilobed, nearly equal; tube
of corolla one-half longer than the calyx; pedicels axillary.
August. _l._ opposite, oblong-spathulate, entire, acuminated. _h._
1ft. Florida, &c., 1832. (S. B. F. G., ser. ii., 181.)
=CALOPHYLLUM= (from _kalos_, beautiful, and _phyllon_, a leaf; the
leaves are large, of a beautiful green, and elegantly veined).
ORD. _Guttiferæ_. Fine stove evergreen trees. Flowers disposed in
axillary racemes. Leaves furnished with numerous transverse, parallel
nerves. They thrive in a compost of loam, sand, and peat. Cuttings of
half-ripened shoots will root in sand, if placed under a glass, in
bottom heat.
=C. Calaba.= Calaba-tree. _fl._ white, sweet-scented, loosely
racemose; racemes lateral, very short. _fr._ green. _l._ obovate or
oblong, obtuse or emarginate. _h._ 30ft. West Indies, &c., 1780.
=C. inophyllum= (fibrous-leaved). _fl._ snow-white, sweet-scented,
loosely racemose; racemes axillary; peduncles one-flowered, usually
opposite. _fr._ reddish, the size of a walnut. _l._ oblong or
obovate, obtuse, but usually emarginate. Branches round. Tropics of
the Old World, 1793. A medium-sized tree.
[Illustration: FIG. 330. CALODENDRON CAPENSIS.]
=CALOPOGON= (from _kalos_, beautiful, and _pogon_, a beard; in
reference to the fringe on the lip). ORD. _Orchideæ_. Very pretty,
hardy, tuberous-rooted orchids, admirably suited for a good shady
position at the foot of the rockwork, or for an open situation in a
hardy fernery. Propagated by offsets, taken from the tuberous roots;
but this method of increase is very uncertain. Perhaps the only species
in cultivation is the following:
=C. pulchellus= (beautiful).* _fl._ purple, with a very pretty pale
yellow beard or tuft of hairs growing from the lip; two or three to
a plant. Late summer. _l._ few, radical, grass-like. _h._ 1-1/2ft.
North America. 1791. SYN. _Limodorum tuberosum_. (S. B. F. G. 115.)
=CALOSANTHES INDICA.= A synonym of _Oroxylum indicum_.
=CALOSCORDUM= (from _kalos_, beautiful, and _skorodon_, garlic). ORD.
_Liliaceæ_. A genus of half-hardy bulbs, allied to _Allium_, but now
referred to _Nothoscordum_. For culture, _see_ =Calochortus=.
=C. nerinæflorum= (Nerine-flowered).* _fl._ rose; umbels about
twelve-flowered; spathe one-valved. June and July. _l._ narrow,
semi-terete, channelled above. _h._ 6in. Chusan, 1843. (B. R. 1847,
5.)
=CALOSTEMMA= (from _kalos_, beautiful, and _stemma_, a crown). ORD.
_Amaryllidaceæ_. Handsome greenhouse bulbous plants, natives of New
Holland. Flowers funnel-shaped, irregular; perianth with the orifice
surmounted by a corona; stamens erect, united by their dilated bases;
ovary three-celled, many-seeded. Leaves linear-lorate.
=C. album= (white). _fl._ white. May. _l._ ovate, acute, 3in. to
5in. long, 2in. to 3in. broad. _h._ 1ft. 1824.
=C. luteum= (yellow). _fl._ yellow. November. _l._ strap-shaped,
narrow. _h._ 1ft. 1819. (B. M. 2101.)
=C. purpureum= (purple). _fl._ purple. November. _l._ like those of
_C. luteum_. _h._ 1ft. 1819. (B. M. 2100.)
=CALOTHAMNUS= (from _kalos_, beautiful, and _thamnos_, a shrub; in
reference to the elegance of the shrubs, from their scarlet flowers and
terete leaves). ORD. _Myrtaceæ_. Greenhouse evergreen shrubs. Flowers
scarlet, axillary and solitary, sessile. Leaves scattered, crowded,
terete. They require much the same culture as _Callistemon_. Cuttings
of young wood, firm at the base, will root in sand, if covered by a
hand glass, which requires to be occasionally taken off and wiped, to
prevent damp.
=C. quadrifidus= (four-cleft). _fl._ scarlet, somewhat secund;
bundles of stamens four, distinct, equal. July. _l._ glabrous (as
well as the flowers). _h._ 2ft. to 4ft. West Australia, 1803. (B.
M. 1506.)
=C. villosa= (villous). _fl._ scarlet, quinquefid; bundles of
stamens equal, distinct. July to September. _l._ villous (as well
as the fruit). _h._ 2ft. to 4ft. West Australia, 1823. (B. R. 1099.)
=CALOTIS= (from _kalos_, beautiful, and _ous_, _otos_, an ear; in
reference to the chaffy scales of the pappus, or seed-head). Allied
to _Bellium_. ORD. _Compositæ_. Greenhouse or half-hardy herbaceous
perennials, rarely annuals, all natives of Australia. Receptacle naked;
involucre nearly equal, many-leaved, in a single or double row. They
may be grown successfully in any ordinary garden soil. Propagated by
divisions of the root.
=C. cuneifolia= (wedge-leaved).* _fl.-heads_ blue, solitary,
terminal. July and August. _l._ cuneate, cut, toothed at end. _h._
1ft. 1819. Greenhouse herbaceous perennial. (B. R. 504.)
=CALOTROPIS= (from _kalos_, beautiful, and _tropis_, a keel; literally
"beautifully twisted," apparently in reference to the corolla of _C.
gigantea_). ORD. _Asclepiadeæ_. A genus of stove evergreen shrubs,
or small trees. The three species bear large handsome flowers, in
interpetiolar umbels. They thrive best in a mixture of loam, sand, and
peat. Young cuttings, thinly dibbled in a pot of sand, strike root
freely under a hand glass, in heat. Care must be taken that they do not
receive an excess of moisture, or they will rot.
=C. gigantea= (gigantic).* _fl._ very handsome, a mixture of
rose and purple; corona shorter than the gynostegium, obtuse,
circinately recurved at the base; umbels sometimes, though rarely,
compound, surrounded by several involucral scales. July. _l._
decussate, broad, wedge-shaped, bearded on the upper side at the
base, woolly-downy on the under side, 4in. to 6in. long, 2in. to
3in. broad. _h._ 6ft. to 15ft. India, &c., 1690. (B. R. i. 58.)
=C. procera= (tall). _fl._ white; petals spreading, marked at the
top by a purple spot. July. _l._ obovate-oblong, on short petioles,
whitish from wool. _h._ 6ft. Persia, 1714. (B. R. 1792.)
=CALPICARPUM.= _See_ =Kopsia=.
=CALPIDIA.= A synonym of =Pisonia= (which _see_).
=CALTHA= (a syncope of _kalathos_, a goblet; in allusion to the form of
the perianth, which may be likened to a golden cup). Marsh Marigold.
ORD. _Ranunculaceæ_. Hardy herbaceous perennials, of easy culture on
the margin of a piece of water, or in a marshy bog, or in the ordinary
border, where their showy blossoms look very brilliant. Propagation is
readily effected by dividing the roots, in early spring, or in summer
after flowering.
=C. leptosepala= (slender-sepaled).* _fl._ pure white, one to
two upon erect, scape-like peduncles. May, June. _l._ radical,
cordate, the margins nearly entire, or sometimes crenate. _h._ 1ft.
Northwestern America, 1827. (H. F. B. A. 1, 10.)
[Illustration: FIG. 331. CALTHA PALUSTRIS MONSTROSA PLENA.]
=C. palustris= (marsh).* _fl._ golden-coloured, large;
peduncles furrowed. Spring. _l._ cordate, somewhat orbicular,
roundly-crenate, with rounded auricles. Stems dichotomous, erect.
_h._ 1ft. Great Britain. (Sy. En. B. 40.) The double forms of
this species, under the names of _nana plena_ and _monstrosa
plena_ (see Fig. 331) are excellent plants, and, though growing
best in the immediate vicinity of water, and most appropriate
for rough scenery, they, like the type, do very well in ordinary
well-enriched soil. A variety named _purpurascens_, from Southern
Europe, is also showy, more erect, and branching; the shoots and
pedicels purplish.
=C. p. biflora= (two-flowered). A twin-flowered variety of _C.
palustris_. North America, 1827. This is not quite so tall as the
type, and the flowers are rather larger.
=C. p. parnassifolia= (Parnassia-leaved). _fl._ yellow, on
few-flowered peduncles. April, May. _l._ cordate-ovate, crenated.
_h._ 3in. to 4in. North America, 1815.
=C. radicans= (rooting).* _fl._ bright yellow, several in small
cyme. April, May. _l._ reniform-cordate, sharply crenate-serrate,
spreading. _h._ 6in. Scotland. (Sy. En. B. 41.)
=CALTROPS.= _See_ =Tribulus=.
=CALTROPS, WATER.= _See_ =Trapa natans=.
=CALUMBA, FALSE.= _See_ =Coscinium fenestratum=.
=CALUMBA ROOT.= _See_ =Jateorrhiza Calumba=.
=CALUMBA WOOD.= _See_ _Coscinium fenestratum_.
=CALYCANTHACEÆ.= A natural order of shrubs, with square stems, having
four woody axes surrounding the central one. Flowers solitary, lurid;
calyx of numerous coloured sepals compounded with the petals. Leaves
opposite, entire, exstipulate. The two genera known are _Calycanthus_
and _Chimonanthus_.
=CALYCANTHUS= (from _kalyx_, _kalykos_, a calyx, and _anthos_, a
flower; in reference to the calyx being coloured, and appearing
like a corolla). Allspice. ORD. _Calycanthaceæ_. A genus of hardy,
deciduous, North American shrubs. Flowers lurid purple, axillary, and
terminal, stalked, sweet-scented; stamens numerous. Leaves opposite,
oval or ovate-lanceolate, entire, generally rough on the surface;
sweet-scented. All are handsome and well worth growing. They thrive
best in a peaty compost, but grow freely in almost any soil. Increased
by layers, put down in the summer; or by seed, sown as soon as ripe, or
in spring, in a cold frame.
=C. floridus= (Floridan).* Carolina Allspice. _fl._ with a sweet
apple scent. May. _l._ ovate, downy beneath, as well as the
branchlets. Branches spreading. Wood and roots smelling strongly
of camphor. _h._ 4ft. to 6ft. Carolina, 1726. See Fig. 332. (B. M.
503.) There are several varieties of this species.
[Illustration: FIG. 332. FLOWERING BRANCH OF CALYCANTHUS FLORIDUS.]
=C. glaucus= (glaucous).* _fl._ lurid purple, not strongly scented.
May. _l._ ovate-lanceolate, acuminated, glaucous and pubescent
beneath. _h._ 4ft. to 6ft. Carolina, 1726. SYN. _C. fertilis_. (B.
R. 404.) _C. oblongifolius_ is a variety with ovate-lanceolate
elongated leaves.
[Illustration: FIG. 333. FLOWERING BRANCH OF CALYCANTHUS LÆVIGATUS.]
=C. lævigatus= (smooth-leaved).* _fl._ lurid purple. May. _l._
oblong, thin, either blunt or taper-pointed, bright green,
and glabrous, or nearly so, on both sides, or rather pale
beneath. Branches strictly erect. _h._ 3ft. to 6ft. Mountains of
Pennsylvania, &c., 1806. See Fig. 333. (B. R. 481.)
=C. macrophyllus= (large-leaved). A garden synonym of _C.
occidentalis_.
=C. occidentalis= (Western).* _fl._ brick-red, sweet-scented, 3in.
to 4in. across, each petal about 2in. long and 1/2in. broad. June
to October. _l._ oblong or ovate-cordate, acuminate, slightly
pubescent on the veins only beneath. _h._ 6ft. to 12ft. California,
1831. In California, this is called the Sweet-scented Shrub. SYN.
_C. macrophyllus_, of gardens. (B. M. 4808.)
=CALYCIFLORÆ.= A sub-division of dicotyledonous plants, having the
stamens inserted on the calyx or disk.
=CALYCIFORM.= Formed like a calyx.
=CALYCINE.= Of, or belonging to, the calyx.
=CALYCOPHYLLUM= (from _kalyx_, a calyx, and _phyllon_, a leaf; in
allusion to one of the teeth of the calyx being expanded into a large
petiolate coloured leaf). ORD. _Rubiaceæ_. Stove evergreen shrubs,
requiring a compost of loam, peat, and a little sand and charcoal.
Cuttings of half ripe shoots will root in sand if placed under a bell
glass, in bottom heat.
=C. candidissimum= (whitest).* _fl._, corolla white, campanulate,
with a bearded throat, three together, the middle one bearing a
petiolate leaf, but the two lateral ones naked; corymbs terminal.
_l._ ovate, bluntly acuminated, 2in. to 3in. long. _h._ 30ft. Cuba,
1830.
=CALYCOTOME= (from _kalyx_, _kalykos_, calyx, and _tome_, a section;
lips of calyx fall off). ORD. _Leguminosæ_. A small genus of hardy,
divaricately-branched, spiny shrubs, formerly included as a section of
_Cytisus_. Flowers yellow, disposed in short branched leafy fasicles.
For culture, _see_ =Cytisus=.
=C. spinosa= (spiny). _fl._ yellow. June and July. _l._, leaflets
obovate-oblong. Branches angular, spiny. _h._ 5ft. to 6ft. Genoa,
Corsica, &c., 1846. (B. R. 55.)
=CALYCULATE.= Having bracts so placed as to resemble an external or
additional calyx.
=CALYMMODON.= _See_ =Polypodium=.
=CALYPSO= (from the beautiful nymph, _Calypso_, or from Greek
_kalypto_, to conceal; in reference to its place of growth). ORD.
_Orchideæ_. An elegant terrestrial monotypic genus. It thrives well in
half-shady spots on the margins of a rock garden or artificial bog, in
a light, moist, vegetable soil, composed of peat, leaf soil, and sand,
mulched with cocoa-nut fibre refuse in winter. Propagated by offsets.
=C. borealis= (Northern).* _fl._ solitary, delicate rose and brown,
with a yellow crest on the lip; labellum longer than the sepals,
the lateral lobes cohering in their upper part over the saccate
central one, which is usually bifid at the tip, resembling those of
a Cypripedium. Summer. _l._ solitary, thin, many-nerved, ovate or
cordate. Stems usually thickening into pseudo-bulbs. _h._ 1ft. High
latitudes of Northern hemisphere, 1820. (B. M. 2763.)
=CALYPTRA.= Literally an extinguisher; applied to the hood which covers
the theca in mosses.
=CALYPTRANTHES= (from _kalyptra_, a covering, and _anthos_, a flower;
in allusion to the operculum of the flower). ORD. _Myrtaceæ_.
Strong-growing stove evergreen shrubs or small trees. Peduncles
axillary, many-flowered. Leaves feather-veined. They are of easy
culture, in a compost of loam and peat, and may be propagated by
layers, or by cuttings, placed in heat.
=C. Chytraculia= (Chytraculia). _fl._ white, small, glomerate;
peduncles axillary and terminal, trichotomous, panicled, and are,
as well as the flowers, clothed with rufous velvety down. March.
_l._ ovate, attenuated at the apex, stiffish, glabrous. _h._ 10ft.
Jamaica, 1778. (N. S. 1, 26.)
=C. Syzygium= (Syzygium). _fl._ white, on short pedicels; peduncles
axillary, trichotomous, many-flowered. May to July. _l._ ovate,
obtuse, stiff. _h._ 10ft. to 12ft. Jamaica, 1779.
=CALYPTRARIA.= _See_ =Centronia=.
=CALYPTRATE.= Resembling an extinguisher.
=CALYPTRIFORM.= Shaped like an extinguisher.
=CALYPTRION.= _See_ =Corynostylis=.
=CALYPTROCALYX= (from _kalyptra_, an extinguisher, and _kalyx_, a
calyx, in allusion to the form of the outer perianth segments).
ORD. _Palmeæ_. A monotypic genus of stove palms. For culture, _see_
=Calamus=.
=C. spicatus= (spiked). _fl._, spadices elongated, spicate, leafy
at base; spathe opening longitudinally. _l._ terminal, pinnatisect;
segments reduplicate, linear, acuminate, bifid at the apex; petiole
fibrous at the base. Caudex finally smooth. _h._ 12ft. Moluccas.
SYNS. _Areca_ and _Pinanga globosa_.
=CALYPTROGYNE= (from _kalyptra_, an extinguisher, and _gyne_, a
woman--pistil--in allusion to the form of the pistil). Including
_Calyptronoma_. ORD. _Palmeæ_. A small genus comprising five species of
handsome stove palms, allied to _Geonoma_ (which _see_ for cultivation).
=C. Ghiesbreghtiana= (Ghiesbreght's). _fl._, peduncles erect,
overtopping the leaves, bearing a single cylindrical, undivided
spadix, 9in. to 12in. in length. _l._ pinnate, 2ft. to 5ft.
long; pinnæ opposite or alternate, sessile, of unequal breadth,
the narrower ones one to two-nerved, the broader ones six to
ten-nerved, usually from six to twelve on each side of the rachis;
the intervals between the pinnæ vary from 1in. to 2in.; petiole
broadly sheathing at the base, from a few inches to 1-1/2ft.
long. Stem short or absent. Mexico. A very elegant dwarf-growing
species. SYNS. _Geonoma Ghiesbreghtiana_, _G. magnifica_ and _G.
Verschaffeltii_. (B. M. 5782.)
=C. spicigera= (ear-bearing). _l._ irregularly pinnate, 2ft. to
3ft. long, 1ft. broad, deeply bifid at apex, rich bright green;
petioles short, sheathing at the base, flat on the upper side,
rounded below. Stems stout. _h._ 5ft. Guatemala. A very elegant
species.
=C. Swartzii= (Swartz's). _l._ equally pinnatisect; pinnæ deeply
reduplicate at the base, bifid at the top. Trunk smooth. _h._ 50ft.
to 60ft. Jamaica, 1878. A handsome plant when young, and useful for
general decorative purposes. SYN. _Calyptronoma Swartzii_.
=CALYPTRONOMA SWARTZII.= _See_ =Calyptrogyne Swartzii=.
=CALYSTEGIA= (from _kalyx_, a calyx, and _stege_, a covering; in
reference to the two large persistent bracts enclosing the calyx).
Bearbind. ORD. _Convolvulaceæ_. Hardy, glabrous, twining or prostrate
herbs. Peduncles solitary, one-flowered; corolla campanulate,
five-plicate. All the species are of easy cultivation in common garden
soil. Propagation may be effected by dividing the plants; or by seeds,
sown in spring.
=C. dahurica= (Dahurian).* _fl._, corolla of a rosy-purple;
sepals lanceolate, acute, the two outer ones broadest; peduncles
tetragonal, tomentose; bracts broad-ovate, acute, longer than the
calyx. July. _l._ glabrous or hairy, oblong-cordate, having the
margins and nerves on the under side tomentose. Dahuria, 1826. (B.
M. 2609.)
=C. inflata= (inflated). Synonymous with _C. sepium incarnata_.
[Illustration: FIG. 334. FLOWERING BRANCH OF CALYSTEGIA PUBESCENS
FLORE-PLENO.]
=C. pubescens flore-pleno= (downy, double-flowered).* _fl._ 2in. to
3in. across; petals long, narrow, wavy, and reflexed, flesh-colour,
but ultimately bright rose; pedicels 2-1/2in. to 3-1/2in. long.
Summer and autumn. _l._ alternate, hastate, downy. China, 1844. See
Fig. 334.
=C. sepium= (hedge). Common Bindweed. _fl._ white, sometimes tinged
with red; peduncles tetragonal, exceeding the petioles; bracts
cordate, keeled, acute, longer than the calyx, but one-half shorter
than the corolla. Summer. _l._ sagittate or cordate, very acute;
hind lobes obtuse, or truncate, entire. Britain. A very troublesome
weed. (Sy. En. B. 924.) There is a variety named _incarnata_, with
rose-coloured flowers. North America. SYN. _C. inflata_. (B. M.
732.)
=C. Soldanella= (Soldanella-like).* Sea Bells. _fl._ pale red, with
five longitudinal, yellowish plaits, large; peduncles angular,
angles winged; bracts large, ovate, blunt, mucronate, generally
shorter than the calyx. June. _l._ rather fleshy, reniform, entire
or a little angular. Sea-shores, Britain. This pretty species can
only be grown with success in a very sandy soil. (Sy. En. B. 925.)
=CALYTHRIX= (from _kalyx_, a calyx, and _thrix_, a hair; in reference
to the lobes of the calyx, which each end in a long hair). ORD.
_Myrtaceæ_. A genus of very pretty and interesting greenhouse
Heath-like shrubs, natives of Australia. Flowers small; bracteoles
two under each flower; they are either free or joined together at the
base, sometimes in the form of an operculum. Leaves scattered, crowded,
opposite, full of dots, axillary, solitary, almost sessile. They grow
well in a mixture of loam, peat, and sand, with good drainage and firm
potting. Cuttings, made from young shoots, will root in April or May,
if placed in sand, under a bell glass, in a cool house.
=C. ericoides= (Heath-like). A synonym of _C. tetragona_.
=C. glabra= (glabrous). A synonym of _C. tetragona_.
=C. tetragona= (tetragonal).* _fl._ white; bracts one-half shorter
than the tube of the calyx. _l._ scattered, petiolate, glabrous;
stipules deciduous. _h._ 2ft. 1825. SYNS. _C. ericoides_, _C.
glabra_. (B. R. 409.)
_C. angulata_, _aurea_, and _breviseta_ are other species which
have been introduced, but are not worth house room when that
described above is grown.
=CALYX.= The external whorl of floral leaves.
=CAMARIDIUM= (from _kamara_, an arched roof; in reference to the arched
tip of the stigma). ORD. _Orchideæ_. A pretty stove orchid, allied to
_Cymbidium_. It thrives best if grown in a shallow basket, or raised
above the surface of the pots with sphagnum and broken pots.
=C. ochroleucum= (yellowish-white).* _fl._ yellowish-white. July.
_l._ ligulate. Pseudo-bulbs oblong, compressed, smooth. _h._ 1ft.
Trinidad, 1823. SYN. _Cymbidium ochroleucum_. (B. M. 4141.)
=CAMAROTIS.= _See_ =Sarcochilus=.
[Illustration: FIG. 335. CAMASSIA ESCULENTA.]
=CAMASSIA= (from _Quamash_, so called by the North American Indians,
who eat the bulbs). SYN. _Sitocodium_. ORD. _Liliaceæ_. A small genus
(two species) of handsome bulbous plants. Perianth of six segments,
slightly connected at base, and spreading out horizontally, but not
equally. Leaves narrow, about 1ft. long, grooved down the inside.
They thrive best in a sheltered, partially-shaded situation, but will
do fairly well in almost any ordinary good garden soil. A compost of
loam and leaf mould, with a liberal mixture of sharp sand, suits them
best. They need not be disturbed for several years; but a top-dressing
of rich soil or well-rotted manure may be given yearly. Propagated by
offsets and seeds. The plants are so hardy that they ripen seeds in
warm situations. These may be sown as soon as ripe, or the following
spring, either in a warm situation out of doors, or in pots or boxes,
under glass. The young plants make rapid progress, and should remain
for at least two years in the seed beds. The best time for final
transplanting is in February. Offsets are produced very freely,
and should be removed either when in a dormant condition, or just
previously to starting into fresh growth, and arranged in clumps or
lines, placing a little sand about them.
=C. esculenta= (edible).* Camash or Quamash. _fl._ blue, about
2in. across; racemes loose, ten to twenty-flowered, borne on
stout scapes; perianth six-cleft, the five upper segments close
together, the sixth standing by itself. Summer. _l._ linear, about
1ft. high. Columbia, &c., 1837. The colour of the flowers varies
from a deep blue to nearly white. See Fig. 335. (B. R. 1486.) The
white-flowered form is figured in B. M. 2774, under the name of
_Scilla esculenta flore albo_.
=C. e. Leichtlini= (Leichtlin's).* _fl._ creamy-white, larger than
those of the type, with more numerous nerves in the keel of the
segments of the perianth; racemes longer, and sometimes compound.
Spring. _h._ 2ft. Columbia, 1853. This also differs from the type
in its more robust habit and broader leaves. SYN. _Chlorogalum
Leichtlini_. (B. M. 6287.)
=C. Fraseri= (Fraser's).* _fl._ pale blue, smaller than those of
_C. esculenta_; pedicels and scape much more slender. _l._ narrow,
acute; capsule more acutely angled. _h._ 1ft. Eastern States of
North America. A smaller and more slender plant. (B. M. 1574, as
_Scilla esculenta_.)