_Southwestern and Midwestern_
(5)
Pilot Station, Lower Yukon 79.4
(8)
Togiak and vicinity 80.5
(4)
Chukchee 81.1
(12)
Hooper Bay 81.7
(9)
Mumtrak 81.7
(9)
Little Diomede Island 82.2
(234)
St. Lawrence Island 83.0
(10)
St. Michael Island 84.3
(22)
Pastolik 84.4
(90)
Nunivak Island 84.4
(4)
Southwest Alaska 84.7
(5)
Cape Nome and Port Clarence 84.9
(22)
Indian Point (Siberia) 85.0
(22)
Nelson Island 85.5
_Northwestern_
(39)
Igloos north of Barrow 84.1
(14)
Shishmaref 84.4
(171)
Point Hope 84.6
(31)
Wales 84.9
(38)
Barrow 85.8
(66)
Point Barrow 87.1
_Northern and northeastern_
(9)
Smith Sound 82.7
(13)
Southampton Island 83.7
(7)
Hudson Bay and vicinity 84.4
(23)
Baffin Land and vicinity 85.7
(89)
Greenland 85.9
(10)
Northern Arctic 86.5
Sex differences in the index are small, nevertheless the females tend
to show a slightly higher index, due to relatively slightly smaller
breadth of the arch.
The size of the arch and its index differ but little over the three
main areas of the Eskimo territory, yet there are slight differences.
They appear plainly in the following table. Notwithstanding the fact
that on the whole the southwestern and midwestern groups are somewhat
taller than those of the far north and northeast, the largest palate,
in the males at least, is found in the latter area.
In the southwest and midwest the upper alveolar arch is relatively
(as well as absolutely, barring one group) somewhat broad and short.
This may be in correlation with the broader head in this area, just
as the absolutely slightly longer palates over the rest of the Eskimo
territory and particularly (in males) in the northeast may correlate
with the longer heads in those regions. This point may be tested on
our splendid material from St. Lawrence Island. Taking the broadest
and the narrowest skulls from this locality, the following data are
obtained for the proportions of the upper dental arch: