The male skull, No. 332513, is represented by the frontal bone united
with a larger part of the face, a separated left temporal, and the
right half of the lower jaw. A large Inca bone, recovered from the
beach a year later, may also belong to the same specimen. The missing
parts are probably still somewhere in the sands of the beach where
there is going on a very instructive scattering and redeposition on a 4
to 6 feet lower level of the contents of the old bank.
The skull is that of a male of somewhat over 50 years of age, judging
from the moderate to marked wear of the remaining teeth. It is a normal
undeformed specimen, and the same applies to the bones of the skeleton.
_Notes and measurements._--The frontal shows a medium development, no
slope. The supraorbital ridges are rather weakly developed for a male,
leaving the upper borders of the orbits rather sharp.
Cm.
Diameter frontal minimum 9.75
Diameter frontal maximum 11.8
Diameter nasion-bregma 11.5
The skull as a whole was evidently mesocephalic, and neither low nor
very high. The thickness of the frontal is about medium for an Indian.
The face is of medium proportions and strength, with rather large
orbits, good interorbital breadth, medium malars, medium broad nose,
and but moderate alveolar prognathism. The nasal bridge is not high,
nasal bones fairly broad, spine moderate, lower borders well defined
though not sharp. The sub-malar (canine) fossae are shallow.
_Measurements_
Alveolar point-nasion height cm 7.8
Facial breadth about medium
for an Indian.
Nose:
Height cm 5.5
Breadth, near cm 2.75
Index _50_
Left orbit:
Height cm 3.75
Breadth cm 4
Index _93.7_
Minimum interorbital distance cm 2.6
Upper dental arch:
Length, approximately cm 5.6
Breadth, approximately cm 7
Index, approximately _80_
Lower jaw:
Height at symphysis
approximately cm 4.1
Thickness at M₂ (with the
tooth held midway between
branches of compass) cm 1.5
Height of asc. ramus cm 6.9
Breadth minimum of asc. ramus cm 3.7
The condyloid process of the lower jaw is high, mandibular notch deep.
The whole jaw is strong but not thick or massive. It is Indianlike, not
Eskimoid, in all its features. The teeth are of good medium size.
_Skull No. 333383._--Of this skull I brought the right parietal
with about one-third of the frontal; Mr. Krieger, a year later, the
remainder of the frontal. Other parts are missing.
The specimen was evidently, a good-size female skull, normal,
undeformed, probably mesocephalic in form, and moderately high. The
thickness of the bones is not above moderate.
Cm.
Diameter frontal minimum 9.7
Diameter frontal maximum 12.5
Diameter nasion-bregma 11.1
_Skull No. 333950._--Of the third skull, recovered from the sands of
the beach at low water in 1927 by Mr. Lawrence, there are only the two
parietals. The specimen is that of a young adult female. The bones,
rather submedium in thickness, indicate a skull of slightly smaller
size and slightly shorter than the preceding but of much the same
general type.
_The skeletal parts of male No. 332513._--Humeri: The long bones all
give the impression of straightness, length, and of a certain gracility
of form combined with strength, but without massiveness. The right
humerus presents a small but distinct supracondylar process, a rarity
among Indians. The fossae are not perforated. Measurements:
Length, maximum:
Right cm 35.8
Left cm 35.3
Major diameter at middle:
Right cm 2.5
Left cm 2.4
Minor diameter at middle:
Right cm 1.65
Left cm 1.6
Index at middle:
Right _66_
Left _66.7_
Type of shaft at middle,
prismatic:
Right cm 1
Left cm 1
Right radius:
Length, maximum, near cm 27
Radio-humeral index,
approximately _75.5_
The shaft approaches type IV (quadrilateral). There is but small
curvature.
Right ulna: Lacks the olecranon; shaft prismatic, with anterior and
posterior surfaces fluted; but a moderate curvature backward upper
third.
Femora:
Length, bicondylar, right cm 48.2
Humero-femoral index _74.3_
Diameter antero-posterior
maximum at middle--
Right cm 3.05
Left cm 3.2
Diameter lateral maximum
at middle--
Right cm 2.5
Left cm 2.65
Index at middle--
Right _82_
Left _82.8_
Diameter maximum at upper
flattening--
Right cm 3.5
Left cm 3.7
Diameter minimum at upper
flattening--
Right cm 2.1
Left cm 2.25
Index at upper flattening--
Right _60_
Left _60.8_
Type shaft at middle--
Right 1
Left, near 1
The bones, especially the right, are remarkable for their graceful form
and approach to straightness. The linea aspera is high but not massive
or rough.
Right tibia: Length (?), extremities wanting. A moderate physiological
curvature forward, middle third.
Diameter antero-posterior at middle, right cm 3.25
Diameter lateral at middle cm 1.95
Index at middle _60_
The bone is distinctly platycnaemic, as the femora are platymeric and
the humeri platybrachic, a harmony of characters which is often met
with in the continental Indian.