| | | | | Per Cent.
| | | | | above and
+ Total | |Proportion| Number of | below the
| for 4 | Average | to all |Illegitimate| Average.
| Years. |per Year.| Births, | in every |† denotes above
| | |1 in every|1000 Births.|* „ below
+--------+---------+----------+------------+---------------
| 1,344 | 336 | 12·9 | 77 | †14·9
| 1,843 | 461 | 12·5 | 79 | †17·9
| 1,259 | 315 | 14·2 | 70 | †4·4
| 1,694 | 423 | 15·0 | 66 | *1·5
| 4,514 | 1128 | 11·3 | 89 | †32·8
| 2,136 | 534 | 21·0 | 47 | *29·8
| 2,555 | 639 | 9·2 | 108 | †61·2
| 2,626 | 656 | 12·2 | 81 | †20·9
| 3,273 | 818 | 19·7 | 50 | *25·3
| 1,370 | 342 | 14·9 | 66 | *1·5
| 3,296 | 824 | 16·3 | 60 | *10·4
| 2,485 | 621 | 16·6 | 60 | *10·4
| 3,153 | 788 | 15·6 | 64 | *4·5
| 1,095 | 274 | 10·0 | 100 | †49·2
| 1,551 | 388 | 13·9 | 72 | †7·4
| 394 | 98 | 20·7 | 48 | *28·3
| 3,994 | 998 | 14·8 | 54 | *19·4
| 22,687 | 5672 | 12·9 | 77 | †14·9
| 2,331 | 583 | 12·6 | 79 | †17·9
| 3,282 | 820 | 15·0 | 66 | *1·5
| 8,801 | 2200 | 24·7 | 40 | *40·3
| 1,075 | 269 | 20·4 | 49 | *26·8
| 5,495 | 1374 | 9·5 | 105 | †56·7
| 1,666 | 416 | 16·6 | 60 | *10·4
| 2,740 | 685 | 13·6 | 73 | †8·9
| 3,233 | 808 | 10·9 | 91 | †35·8
| 1,583 | 396 | 13·1 | 76 | †13·4
| 161 | 40 | 17·5 | 56 | *16·4
| 2,559 | 640 | 10·1 | 99 | †47·7
| 3,389 | 847 | 15·7 | 63 | *6·0
| 2,812 | 703 | 16·6 | 60 | *10·4
| 5,365 | 1341 | 14·5 | 69 | †3·0
| 3,582 | 895 | 11·7 | 85 | †26·8
| 3,611 | 903 | 22·6 | 44 | *34·3
| 2,647| 662 | 14·5 | 68 | †1·5
| 3,323| 831 | 17·7 | 56 | *16·4
| 624| 156 | 11·3 | 87 | †29·8
| 2,024| 506 | 14·3 | 69 | †3·0
| 2,718| 679 | 14·9 | 66 | *1·5
| 16,619| 4155 | 13·9 | 71 | †6·0
| 3,388| 847 | 12·7 | 78 | †16·4
| 5,234| 1308 | 13·7 | 72 | †7·4
+--------+---------+----------+------------+---------------
|149,642 |37,410 | 14·8 | 67 |
| | | | |
| | | | |
+--------+---------+----------+------------+---------------
LIST OF COUNTIES IN THE ORDER OF THEIR ILLEGITIMATE BIRTHS, AS SHOWN
BY THE NUMBER OF ILLEGITIMATES IN EVERY 1000 CHILDREN BORN.
_Counties above the Average._
Cumberland 108
Norfolk 105
Hereford 100
Salop 99
Nottingham 91
Chester 89
Westmorland 87
Suffolk 85
Derby 81
Berks 79
Leicester 79
North Wales 78
Lancaster 77
Bedford 77
Oxford 76
Northumberland 73
Hertford 72
South Wales 72
York 71
Bucks 70
Wilts 69
Stafford 69
Sussex 68
_Counties below the Average._
Cambridge 66
Dorset 66
Lincoln 66
Worcester 66
Gloucester 64
Somerset 63
Southampton 60
Northampton 60
Essex 60
Durham 60
Warwick 56
Rutland 56
Kent 54
Devon 50
Monmouth 49
Hunts 48
Cornwall 47
Surrey 44
Middlesex 40
---
Average for England and Wales 67
THE EARLY MARRIAGES AND THE INCREASE OF THE POPULATION
IN EACH COUNTY COMPARED.
----------------------------+--------------+------------------------+
| | Annual No. of |
| Rate of |Early Marriages in every|
_Counties in which the_ | Increase of | 1000 Marriages, from |
_Increase of the _ |the Population| 1844-48. |
_Population and the_ | from +------------------------+
_number of Early_ | 1841 to 1851 | Among | Among |
_Marriages are both_ | per cent. | Males. | Females. |
_above the Average._ +--------------+-----------+------------+
Lancaster | 22 | 50 | 139 |
Stafford | 20 | 62 | 176 |
Bedford | 16 | 109 | 235 |
Chester | 15 | 54 | 151 |
|
_Counties in which the Increase of the Population and the_ |
_number of Early Marriages are both below the Average._ |
|
Northumberland | 13 | 39 | 124 |
Southampton | 13 | 25 | 118 |
Cumberland | 10 | 33 | 105 |
Gloucester | 6 | 42 | 104 |
Devon | 6 | 22 | 82 |
Rutland | 5 | 36 | 128 |
Cornwall | 4 | 32 | 131 |
North Wales | 4 | 27 | 77 |
Hereford | 3 | 17 | 79 |
Westmorland | 3 | 32 | 128 |
Salop | 1 | 29 | 95 |
|
_Counties in which the Increase of the Population and the_ |
_Early Marriages among Females are above the Average and_ |
_those among Males below it._ |
Durham | 26 | 35 | 142 |
Kent | 14 | 46 | 140 |
|
_County in which the Increase of the Population and Early_ |
_Marriages among Females are below the Average, and those_ |
_among Males above it._ |
Warwick | 18 | 46 | 131 |
|
|
|
|
|
+----------------------------+--------------+--------------------------
| | | Annual No. of
|_Counties in which the_ | Rate of |Early Marriages in every
|_Increase of the Population_| Increase of | 1000 Marriages, from
|_is below_ |the Population| 1844-48.
+_the Average, and_ | from +-------------------------
|_the number of_ | 1841 to 1851 | Among | Among
|_Early Marriages is_ | per cent. | Males. | Females.
+_above it._ +--------------+------------+------------
|Cambridge | 13 | 73 | 227
|Worcester | 13 | 56 | 151
|York | 13 | 57 | 187
|Hunts | 9 | 99 | 336
|Nottingham | 9 | 60 | 158
|Derby | 9 | 46 | 138
|Essex | 7 | 57 | 204
|Hertford | 7 | 75 | 210
|Norfolk | 7 | 50 | 148
|Suffolk | 7 | 52 | 1623
|Northampton | 7 | 71 | 190
|Leicester | 7 | 79 | 179
|Berks | 5 | 148 | 143
|Bucks | 4 | 94 | 743
|Oxford | 4 | 46 | 151
|Wilts | 0·7 | 68 | 164
|
| _Counties in which the Increase of Population is above the_
| _Average, and the number of Early Marriages is below it._
|Middlesex | 20 | 18 | 85
|Surrey | 17 | 16 | 91
|Monmouth | 17 | 28 | 105
|South Wales | 14 | 30 | 82
|
| _Counties in which the Increase of the Population and the_
| _Early Marriages among Males are below the Average and_
| _those among Females above it._
|Lincoln | 12 | 39 | 153
|Sussex | 12 | 38 | 160
|
| _Counties in which the Increase of the Population and Early_
| _Marriages among Females is below the Average and those_
| _among Males above it._
|Somerset | 2 | 47 | 112
|Dorset | 6 | 47 | 125
[Illustration: MAP SHOWING THE NUMBER OF EARLY MARRIAGES AMONGST MALES
IN EVERY 1000 MARRIAGES, IN EACH COUNTY OF ENGLAND AND WALES.
⁂ The counties printed _black_ are those in which the number of
Improvident Marriages is _above_ the Average.
The counties left _white_ are those in which the number of Improvident
Marriages is _below_ the Average.
The Average is taken for five years (as long as the returns will allow).
_The Average for all England and Wales is 43 in 1,000._]
TABLE SHOWING THE NUMBER OF EARLY MARRIAGES OF MALES AND FEMALES IN THE
SEVERAL COUNTIES FOR THE UNDERMENTIONED YEARS.
⁂ _The returns of the Registrar do not admit of the average being
calculated from a longer series of years._
------------------+---------+---------------------------------------------------------
| Annual | Number of Early Marriages.
| Average +--------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+
COUNTIES. |Number of| | | | |
|Marriages| 1844. | 1845. | 1846. | 1847. |
| from | | | | |
| 1844-48.|-----+--------+-----+-------+-----+-------+-----+-------+
| |Males| Females|Males|Females|Males|Females|Males|Females|
------------------+---------+-----+--------+-----+-------+-----+-------+-----+-------+
Bedford | 960 | 102 | 237 | 103 | 216 | 108 | 238 | 115 | 221 |
Berks | 1,322 | 52 | 186 | 61 | 182 | 62 | 201 | 74 | 204 |
Bucks | 974 | 66 | 181 | 66 | 175 | 87 | 196 | 76 | 179 |
Cambridge | 1,428 | 115 | 324 | 89 | 308 | 112 | 349 | 96 | 311 |
Chester | 2,764 | 153 | 393 | 175 | 427 | 154 | 455 | 132 | 372 |
Cornwall | 2,510 | 86 | 312 | 84 | 348 | 80 | 334 | 86 | 313 |
Cumberland | 1,060 | 31 | 88 | 54 | 145 | 28 | 133 | 23 | 94 |
Derby | 1,954 | 86 | 276 | 76 | 243 | 104 | 289 | 82 | 270 |
Devon | 4,574 | 84 | 324 | 95 | 352 | 104 | 367 | 97 | 401 |
Dorset | 1,209 | 62 | 155 | 64 | 161 | 46 | 130 | 57 | 166 |
Durham | 3,137 | 82 | 353 | 110 | 468 | 118 | 463 | 124 | 462 |
Essex | 2,154 | 125 | 454 | 133 | 436 | 116 | 415 | 123 | 411 |
Gloucester | 3,568 | 133 | 350 | 162 | 378 | 180 | 414 | 114 | 340 |
Hereford | 648 | 15 | 47 | 10 | 61 | 11 | 60 | 14 | 47 |
Hertford | 1,009 | 86 | 218 | 77 | 229 | 83 | 227 | 68 | 193 |
Hunts | 455 | 77 | 370 | 41 | 91 | 29 | 110 | 42 | 94 |
Kent | 4,339 | 98 | 584 | 112 | 614 | 128 | 659 | 108 | 567 |
Lancaster | 18,785 | 831 | 2310 |1040 | 2729 |1005 | 2784 | 773 | 2330 |
Leicester | 1,827 | 160 | 330 | 168 | 359 | 150 | 321 | 125 | 277 |
Lincoln | 2,862 | 112 | 393 | 115 | 430 | 82 | 453 | 110 | 417 |
Middlesex | 16,859 | 249 | 1262 | 360 | 1477 | 329 | 1606 | 322 | 1428 |
Monmouth | 1,395 | 28 | 119 | 38 | 149 | 43 | 147 | 44 | 157 |
Norfolk | 3,189 | 164 | 467 | 173 | 448 | 158 | 472 | 144 | 444 |
Northampton | 1,648 | 109 | 317 | 136 | 354 | 112 | 326 | 110 | 287 |
Northumberland | 2,161 | 68 | 219 | 79 | 283 | 98 | 310 | 97 | 255 |
Nottingham | 2,204 | 148 | 369 | 133 | 365 | 139 | 365 | 113 | 302 |
Oxford | 1,154 | 53 | 172 | 52 | 190 | 56 | 156 | 51 | 163 |
Rutland | 164 | 2 | 10 | 5 | 16 | 4 | 14 | 11 | 34 |
Salop | 1,596 | 36 | 144 | 32 | 118 | 62 | 165 | 52 | 151 |
Somerset | 3,159 | 144 | 375 | 159 | 328 | 166 | 385 | 116 | 319 |
Southampton | 3,085 | 77 | 370 | 81 | 414 | 100 | 370 | 67 | 304 |
Stafford | 4,807 | 215 | 634 | 278 | 818 | 285 | 835 | 391 | 1045 |
Suffolk | 2,453 | 115 | 367 | 133 | 401 | 139 | 420 | 123 | 394 |
Surrey | 5,550 | 84 | 485 | 90 | 523 | 108 | 532 | 86 | 536 |
Sussex | 2,231 | 83 | 320 | 98 | 355 | 95 | 411 | 72 | 345 |
Warwick | 3,650 | 130 | 383 | 158 | 437 | 175 | 482 | 176 | 502 |
Westmorland | 436 | 10 | 44 | 11 | 40 | 22 | 80 | 17 | 64 |
Wilts | 1,681 | 117 | 265 | 108 | 294 | 134 | 308 | 99 | 246 |
Worcester | 2,796 | 151 | 421 | 201 | 583 | 254 | 604 | 93 | 272 |
York | 14,399 | 828 | 2586 | 934 | 2868 | 841 | 2774 | 747 | 2649 |
North Wales | 2,643 | 75 | 200 | 75 | 186 | 65 | 224 | 67 | 207 |
South Wales | 4,337 | 113 | 280 | 118 | 377 | 141 | 417 | 129 | 345 |
+---------+-----+--------+-----+-------+-----+-------+-----+-------+
Total for England | | | | | | | | | |
& Wales |139,146 |5515 |17,410 |6287 |19,376 |6313 |20,001 |5566 |18,118 |
------------------+---------+-----+--------+-----+-------+-----+-------+-----+-------+
--------------+---------------+--------------+--------------+----------------+---------------
| | | | |Per Cent. above
+-------------+ Total | Average |Proportion to | Number of |and below the
| | for 5 years. | per year. |all Marriages,| early Marriages| Average.
| 1848. | | | 1 in every | to every 1000. |† denotes above
| | | | | |* „ below
+-----+-------+-------+-------+-----+--------+------+-------+------+---------+------+--------
|Males|Females| Males |Females|Males| Females| Males|Females| Males| Females | Males| Females
+-----+-------+-------+-------+-----+--------+------+-------+------+---------+------+--------
| 96 | 218 | 524 | 1,130 | 105 | 226 | 9·1 | 4·2 | 109 | 235 | †153 | †74
| 70 | 171 | 319 | 944 | 64 | 189 | 20·6 | 6·9 | 48 | 143 | †12 | †6
| 67 | 213 | 362 | 944 | 72 | 189 | 13·5 | 5·1 | 74 | 194 | †72 | †44
| 115 | 328 | 527 | 1,620 | 105 | 324 | 13·6 | 4·4 | 73 | 227 | †70 | †68
| 136 | 446 | 750 | 2,093 | 150 | 419 | 18·4 | 6·5 | 54 | 151 | †25 | †12
| 68 | 341 | 404 | 1,648 | 81 | 330 | 30·9 | 7·6 | 32 | 131 | *25 | *3
| 38 | 97 | 174 | 557 | 35 | 111 | 30·2 | 9·5 | 33 | 105 | *23 | *22
| 109 | 275 | 457 | 1,353 | 91 | 271 | 21·4 | 7·2 | 46 | 138 | †7 | †2
| 124 | 430 | 504 | 1,874 | 101 | 375 | 45·2 | 12·1 | 22 | 82 | *49 | *39
| 57 | 147 | 286 | 759 | 57 | 152 | 21·2 | 7·9 | 47 | 125 | †9 | *7
| 115 | 489 | 549 | 2,235 | 110 | 447 | 28·5 | 7·0 | 35 | 142 | *19 | †5
| 121 | 462 | 618 | 2,178 | 124 | 436 | 17·3 | 4·9 | 57 | 202 | †33 | †50
| 163 | 372 | 752 | 1,854 | 150 | 371 | 23·7 | 9·6 | 42 | 104 | *2 | *23
| 7 | 42 | 57 | 257 | 11 | 51 | 58·9 | 12·7 | 17 | 79 | *60 | *41
| 68 | 192 | 382 | 1,059 | 76 | 212 | 13·2 | 4·7 | 75 | 210 | †74 | †56
| 37 | 102 | 226 | 767 | 45 | 153 | 10·1 | 2·9 | 99 | 336 | †130 | †149
| 128 | 625 | 574 | 3,049 | 115 | 610 | 37·7 | 7·1 | 26 | 140 | *40 | †4
|1100 | 2864 | 4749 |13,017 | 950 | 2603 | 19·7 | 7·2 | 50 | 139 | †16 | †3
| 124 | 347 | 727 | 1,634 | 145 | 327 | 12·6 | 5·5 | 79 | 179 | †84 | †33
| 138 | 509 | 557 | 2,202 | 111 | 440 | 25·7 | 6·5 | 39 | 153 | *9 | †13
| 286 | 1437 | 1546 | 7,210 | 309 | 1442 | 54·5 | 11·6 | 18 | 85 | *58 | *37
| 44 | 165 | 197 | 737 | 39 | 147 | 35·7 | 9·4 | 28 | 105 | *35 | *22
| 164 | 504 | 803 | 2,335 | 161 | 467 | 19·8 | 6·8 | 50 | 146 | †16 | †81
| 119 | 281 | 586 | 1,565 | 117 | 313 | 14·0 | 5·2 | 71 | 190 | †65 | †41
| 77 | 278 | 419 | 1,345 | 84 | 269 | 24·5 | 8·0 | 39 | 124 | *9 | *81
| 130 | 341 | 663 | 1,742 | 133 | 348 | 16·5 | 6·3 | 60 | 158 | †40 | †17
| 57 | 196 | 269 | 877 | 54 | 175 | 21·3 | 6·5 | 46 | 151 | †7 | †12
| 6 | 33 | 28 | 107 | 6 | 21 | 27·3 | 7·8 | 36 | 128 | *16 | *5
| 55 | 177 | 237 | 755 | 47 | 151 | 33·9 | 10·5 | 29 | 95 | *33 | *30
| 159 | 371 | 744 | 1,778 | 149 | 356 | 21·2 | 8·8 | 47 | 112 | †9 | *17
| 70 | 367 | 395 | 1,825 | 79 | 365 | 39·0 | 8·4 | 25 | 118 | *42 | *13
| 319 | 907 | 1488 | 4,239 | 298 | 848 | 16·1 | 5·6 | 62 | 176 | †44 | †30
| 128 | 420 | 638 | 2,002 | 128 | 400 | 19·1 | 6·1 | 52 | 163 | †21 | †21
| 70 | 462 | 438 | 2,538 | 88 | 508 | 63·0 | 10·9 | 16 | 91 | *63 | *25
| 79 | 356 | 427 | 1,787 | 85 | 357 | 26·2 | 6·2 | 38 | 160 | *12 | †19
| 212 | 597 | 851 | 2,401 | 170 | 480 | 21·4 | 7·6 | 46 | 131 | †7 | *3
| 8 | 50 | 68 | 278 | 14 | 56 | 31·1 | 7·7 | 32 | 128 | *25 | *5
| 115 | 282 | 573 | 1,395 | 115 | 279 | 14·6 | 6·0 | 68 | 164 | †58 | †21
| 89 | 240 | 788 | 2,120 | 158 | 424 | 17·6 | 6·5 | 56 | 151 | †30 | †12
| 794 | 2619 | 4144 |13,496 | 829 | 2699 | 17·3 | 5·3 | 57 | 187 | †33 | †39
| 79 | 211 | 361 | 1,028 | 72 | 206 | 36·7 | 12·8 | 27 | 77 | *37 | *43
| 150 | 372 | 651 | 1,791 | 130 | 358 | 33·3 | 12·1 | 30 | 82 | *30 | *39
+-----+-------+-------+-------+-----+--------+------+-------+------+---------+------+--------
| | | | | | | | | | | |
|6091 |19,336 |29,772 |94,241 |5954 |18,848 | 23·3 | 7·3 | 43 | 135 | |
+-----+-------+-------+-------+-----+--------+------+-------+------+---------+------+--------
LIST OF COUNTIES IN THE ORDER OF THEIR EARLY MARRIAGES, AS SHOWN BY
THE NUMBER OF MARRIAGES, UNDER TWENTY-ONE YEARS OF AGE, IN EVERY 1000
MARRIAGES.
AMONGST MALES.
_Counties above_ | _Counties below_ |
_the Average._ | _the Average._ |
| |
Bedford 109 | Gloucester 42 |
Hunts 99 | Lincoln 39 |
Leicester 79 | Northumb. 39 |
Hertford 75 | Sussex 38 |
Bucks 74 | Rutland 36 |
Cambridge 73 | Durham 35 |
Northamp. 71 | Cumberland 33 |
Wilts 68 | Cornwall 32 |
Stafford 62 | Westmor. 32 |
Nottingham 60 | S. Wales 30 |
Essex 57 | Salop 29 |
York 57 | Monmouth 28 |
Worcester 56 | N. Wales 27 |
Chester 54 | Kent 26 |
Suffolk 52 | Southamp. 25 |
Lancaster 50 | Devon 22 |
Norfolk 50 | Middlesex 18 |
Berks 48 | Hereford 17 |
Dorset 47 | Surrey 16 |
Somerset 47 | -- |
Derby 46 | Average for |
Oxford 46 | England |
Warwick 46 | and Wales 43 |
AMONGST FEMALES.
_Counties above_ | _Counties below_ |
_the Average._ | _the Average._ |
Huntingdon 336 | Warwick 131 |
Bedford 235 | Cornwall 131 |
Cambridge 227 | Westmor. 128 |
Hertford 210 | Rutland 128 |
Essex 204 | Dorset 125 |
Bucks 194 | Northumb. 124 |
Northamp. 190 | Southamp. 118 |
York 187 | Somerset 112 |
Leicester 179 | Monmouth 105 |
Stafford 176 | Cumberland 105 |
Wilts 164 | Gloucester 104 |
Suffolk 162 | Shropshire 95 |
Sussex 160 | Surrey 91 |
Nottingham 158 | Middlesex 85 |
Lincoln 153 | Devon 82 |
Oxford 151 | S. Wales 82 |
Chester 151 | Hereford 79 |
Worcester 151 | N. Wales 77 |
Norfolk 148 | --- |
Berks 143 | Average for |
Durham 142 | England |
Kent 140 | and Wales 135 |
Lancaster 139 |
Derby 138 |
⁂ The rule is, that where the greatest number of males marry at
an early age, the greatest number of females do so likewise--the
exceptions being Dorset, Somerset, and Warwick, among the males, and
Sussex, Lincoln, Durham, and Kent among the females.
††† There are, on an average, rather more than 3 females married at an
early age to every male.
-----------------------------------------------------------
THE ILLEGITIMATE BIRTHS AND EARLY MARRIAGES IN THE SEVERAL
(† denotes _plus_.) COUNTIES COMPARED. (* denotes _minus_.)
--------------------------+--------------------------------
|Percent. above & below the Aver.
|--------------------------------
_Counties in which the_ | In No. |In No. of Early
_Illegitimate Births_ | of | Marriages.
_and the Early_ | Illegitimate +-------+---------
_Marriages are both_ | Births. | Among | Among
_above the Average._ | |Males. |Females.
+--------------+-------+---------
Norfolk | †56 | † 16 | †81
Nottingham | †35 | † 40 | †17
Suffolk | †26 | † 21 | †17
Suffolk | †26 | † 21 | †17
Suffolk | †26 | † 21 | †21
Derby | †20 | † 7 | † 2
Chester | †32 | † 25 | †12
Leicester | †17 | † 84 | †33
Berks | †17 | † 12 | † 6
Lancaster | †14 | † 16 | † 3
Bedford | †14 | †153 | †74
Oxford | †13 | † 7 | †12
Hertford | † 7 | † 74 | †56
York | † 6 | † 33 | †39
Bucks | † 4 | † 72 | †44
Stafford | † 3 | † 44 | †30
Wilts | † 3 | † 58 | †21
_Counties in which the Illegitimate Children and Early_
_Marriages are both below the Average._
Middlesex | *40 | *58 | *37
Surrey | *34 | *63 | *25
Cornwall | *29 | *25 | * 3
Monmouth | *26 | *35 | *22
Devon | *25 | *49 | *39
Rutland | *16 | *16 | * 5
Southampton | *10 | *42 | *13
Gloucester | * 4 | * 2 | *23
_Counties in which the Illegitimate Children and Early_
_Marriages among Males are both below the Average,_
_and those among Females above it._
Kent | *19 | *40 | † 4
Durham | *10 | *19 | † 5
Lincoln | * 1 | * 9 | †13
_Exceptional County._
Sussex | † 1 | *12 | †19
_Counties in which the Illegitimate Births are above_
_the Average and the Early Marriages below it._
+--------------+-------+---------
Cumberland | †61 | *23 | *22
Hereford | †49 | *60 | *41
Salop | †47 | *33 | *30
Westmorland | †29 | *25 | * 5
North Wales | †16 | *37 | *43
Northumberland | † 8 | * 9 | *81
South Wales | † 7 | *30 | *39
⁂ In the majority of these counties some peculiar
form of courtship (as “night courtship” and “bundling”)
prevails.
_Counties in which the Illegitimate Children are below the_
_Average, and the Early Marriages above it._
Hunts | *28 | †130 | †149
Northampton | *10 | † 65 | † 41
Essex | *10 | † 33 | † 50
Worcester | * 1 | † 30 | † 12
Cambridge | * 1 | † 70 | † 68
_Counties in which the Illegitimate Children and the Early_
_Marriages among Females are both below the Average,_
_and those among Males above it._
Warwick | *16 | †7 | * 3
Somerset | * 6 | †9 | *17
Dorset | * 1 | †9 | * 7
⁂ The rule appears to be, that in those counties in which there are
the greatest number of Early Marriages, there are (_generally_) the
greatest number of Illegitimate Children, and _vice versâ_.
[Illustration: MAP SHOWING THE NUMBER OF FEMALES TO EVERY 100 MALES IN
EACH OF THE COUNTIES OF ENGLAND & WALES.
⁂ The counties printed _black_ are those in which the proportion of
Females to Males is _above_ the Average.
The counties left _white_ are those in which the proportion of Females
to Males is _below_ the Average.
_The Average for all England and Wales is 105 Females to every 100
Males._]
TABLE SHOWING THE PROPORTION OF FEMALES TO MALES IN THE DIFFERENT
COUNTIES OF ENGLAND AND WALES.
----------------+-----------------------+----------+------------
| 1851. | | Proportion
| | | per Cent.
|-----------+-----------+ Number | above and
| | |of Females| below the
COUNTIES. | | | to every | Average.
| Male | Female |100 Males.| † denotes
|Population.|Population.| | above.
| | | | * below.
----------------+-----------+-----------+----------+------------
Bedford | 62,420 | 67,369 | 108 | †2·9
Berks | 99,227 | 99,927 | 101 | *3·8
Bucks | 70,784 | 72,886 | 103 | *1·9
Cambridge | 95,505 | 96,351 | 101 | *3·8
Chester | 206,715 | 216,723 | 105 |
Cornwall | 171,979 | 184,683 | 107 | †1·9
Cumberland | 96,106 | 99,381 | 103 | *1·9
Derby | 129,379 | 131,328 | 101 | *3·8
Devon | 271,579 | 300,628 | 111 | †5·7
Dorset | 85,816 | 91,781 | 107 | †1·9
Durham | 206,666 | 204,866 | 99 | *5·7
Essex | 172,161 | 171,755 | 100 | *4·8
Gloucester | 198,122 | 221,353 | 112 | †6·7
Hereford | 49,694 | 49,418 | 99 | *5·7
Hertford | 86,331 | 87,632 | 102 | *2·9
Hunts | 29,984 | 30,336 | 101 | *3·8
Kent | 308,115 | 311,092 | 101 | *3·8
Lancaster | 1,005,627 | 1,058,286 | 105 |
Leicester | 115,295 | 119,643 | 104 | *1·0
Lincoln | 201,027 | 199,239 | 99 | *5·7
Middlesex | 885,614 | 1,010,096 | 114 | †8·6
Monmouth | 92,095 | 85,070 | 92 | *12·4
Norfolk | 210,360 | 223,443 | 106 | †1·0
Northampton | 106,533 | 107,251 | 101 | *3·8
Northumberland | 149,158 | 154,377 | 103 | *1·9
Nottingham | 144,428 | 150,010 | 104 | *1·0
Oxford | 85,449 | 84,837 | 99 | *5·7
Rutland | 12,270 | 12,002 | 98 | *6·7
Salop | 122,022 | 122,997 | 101 | *3·8
Somerset | 216,716 | 239,521 | 111 | †5·7
Southampton | 199,834 | 202,199 | 101 | *3·8
Stafford | 320,394 | 310,112 | 97 | *7·6
Suffolk | 165,267 | 170,724 | 103 | *1·9
Surrey | 325,155 | 359,650 | 111 | †5·7
Sussex | 166,828 | 172,600 | 103 | *1·9
Warwick | 235,263 | 244,716 | 104 | *1·0
Westmorland | 29,064 | 29,316 | 101 | *3·8
Wilts | 113,839 | 122,164 | 103 | *1·9
Worcester | 126,739 | 132,023 | 104 | *1·0
York | 886,845 | 901,922 | 102 | *2·9
North Wales | 200,538 | 203,622 | 102 | *2·9
South Wales | 300,645 | 306,851 | 102 | *2·9
+-----------+-----------+----------+------------
TOTAL FOR | | | |
ENGLAND AND | 8,762,588 | 9,160,180 | 105 |
WALES | | | |
LIST OF COUNTIES IN THE ORDER OF THEIR PROPORTION OF FEMALE TO MALE
POPULATION, AS SHOWN BY THE NUMBER OF FEMALES TO EVERY 100 MALES.
COUNTIES ABOVE THE AVERAGE.
Middlesex 114
Gloucester 112
Devon 111
Somerset 111
Surrey 111
Bedford 108
Cornwall 107
Dorset 107
Norfolk 106
---
Average for England
& Wales 105
COUNTIES BELOW THE AVERAGE.
Chester 105
Lancaster 105
Leicester 104
Nottingham 104
Warwick 104
Worcester 104
Bucks 103
Cumberland 103
Northumb. 103
Suffolk 103
Sussex 103
Wilts 103
Hertford 102
York 102
North Wales 102
South Wales 102
Berks 101
Cambridge 101
Derby 101
Hunts 101
Kent 101
Northampton 101
Salop 101
Southampton 101
Westmorland 101
Essex 100
Durham 99
Hereford 99
Lincoln 99
Oxford 99
Rutland 98
Stafford 97
Monmouth 92
THE EXCESS OF FEMALES AND ILLEGITIMATE BIRTHS COMPARED.
-------------------+---------------------+-------------------+---------------------
| Percentage | | Percentage
| above and below | | above and below
| the Average. | | the Average.
| † denotes above | | † denotes above
| and * below. |_Counties in_ | and * below.
_Counties in_ | |_which the_ |
_which the_ +--------+------------+_Number of Females_+--------+------------
_Number of Females_| In No. | In No. |_is above and of_ | In No. | In No.
_and Illegitimate_ | of | of |_the Illegitimate_ | of | of
_Births_ |Females |Illegitimate|_Births_ |Females |Illegitimate
_are both above_ | to | Births. |_is below_ | to | Births.
_the Average._ | Males. | |_the Average._ | Males. |
+--------+------------+ +--------+------------
Bedford | † 3 | †14 | Middlesex | † 8 | *40
Norfolk | † 1 | †56 | Gloucester | † 6 | * 4
| Devon | † 5 | *25
| Surrey | † 5 | *34
| Somerset | † 5 | * 6
| Cornwall | † 2 | *29
| Dorset | † 1 | * 1
|
_Counties in which the Number of_ |_Counties in which the Number of_
_Females and Illegitimate Births_ |_Females is below the Average and_
_are both below the Average._ |_the Illegitimate Births above it._
|
Monmouth | *12 | *26 | Stafford | * 7 | † 3
Rutland | * 6 | *16 | Oxford | * 5 | †13
Lincoln | * 5 | * 1 | Hereford | * 5 | †49
Durham | * 5 | *10 | Westmorland | * 3 | †29
Essex | * 4 | *10 | Salop | * 3 | †47
Hunts | * 3 | *28 | Derby | * 3 | †20
Northampton | * 3 | *10 | Berks | * 3 | †17
Kent | * 3 | *19 | York | * 2 | † 6
Cambridge | * 3 | * 1 | Hertford | * 2 | † 7
Southampton | * 3 | *10 | South Wales | * 2 | † 7
Warwick | * 1 | *16 | North Wales | * 2 | † 6
Worcester | * 1 | * 1 | Northumb. | * 1 | † 8
| Cumberland | * 1 | †61
| Wilts | * 1 | † 3
| Suffolk | * 1 | †26
| Bucks | * 1 | † 4
| Nottingham | * 1 | †35
| Leicester | * 1 | †17
| Sussex | * 1 | † 1
| Lancaster | .. | †14
| Chester | .. | †32
⁂ The rule appears to be, that in those counties in which
the number of females, in proportion to the males, is the _smallest_,
the number of illegitimate births is the _greatest_, and where
it is the _greatest_, the illegitimate births are the _smallest_.
[Illustration: MAP SHOWING THE NUMBER OF PERSONS COMMITTED FOR RAPE IN
EVERY 10,000,000 OF THE POPULATION, IN THE SEVERAL COUNTIES OF ENGLAND
AND WALES.
⁂ The counties printed _black_ are those in which the number committed
for Rape is _above_ the Average.
The counties left _white_ are those in which the number committed for
Rape is _below_ the Average.
The Average has been calculated for the ten years from 1841 to 1850.
_The Average for all England and Wales is 68 in every 10,000,000 People._
_Monmouth (the highest) 171 „ „ _
_Nottingham (the lowest) 28 „ „ _
]
TABLE SHOWING THE CRIMINALITY OF THE DIFFERENT COUNTIES OF ENGLAND AND
WALES WITH REGARD TO RAPE.