Ambitious Manufacturer Died Poor, but
He Bequeathed His Great Purpose
to His Young Son.
Friedrich Krupp, the founder of the Krupp steel industry, died with all
the work he had outlined uncompleted, but he died satisfied that all he
had wished to do and all he had planned would in the course of time be
brought to fulfilment. This first Krupp possessed a little money, and in
1818 he built a tiny furnace at Essen, in Prussia, and started in to
manufacture steel. His declared intention was to make the little Prussian
town of Essen a greater steel center than Sheffield, England.
In four years he lost all his money and his home. He moved to a small
cottage, borrowed a few thousand marks, and again began operations. In
four years more his health was shattered, the borrowed money was gone, and
he died in absolute poverty.
The heir to his debts and his desire to manufacture steel was Alfred
Krupp, a boy fourteen years old. The only thing else the boy had was the
dilapidated furnace around which his father worked until it killed him.
There was, however, a command from his father that he was resolved to
obey.
"You are to make Essen the most famous steel-manufacturing place in the
world," the dying Krupp had said. "Your mother will help you do it."
The boy and his mother then began to conduct the business. There were four
workmen ready to assist them, and ready to trust them for the future
payment of the wages that could not be paid during the first few months of
operation.
Success came slowly. Every foot of the way had to be fought. Prussian-made
steel was mistrusted, for at that time England was supreme in the art of
steel-working. But the elder Krupp had been on the right track, and would
have won if his strength had held out. Alfred Krupp, though a boy, was not
afraid to do a man's work in the foundry during the day, and at night he
attended to the business end of affairs. His mother assisted him in
everything, working in the office, soliciting orders, performing the work
of an overseer in the foundry, and attending to the household. By the time
young Krupp was twenty-one the business had begun to move, and he was
employing a score of workmen.
When the business was on such a solid basis that the future was assured,
Alfred Krupp was urged to marry. He steadfastly refused. His father had
left to him the task of looking after his mother, as well as that of
building up the business of steel-making, and it was not until after Mrs.
Krupp died in 1852 that her son took a wife.
Even when the business had begun to prosper, all was not easy for him. The
Prussian government placed obstacles in his way, and it was not until 1859
that he received a government order for cannon. The "Cannon King" had at
last been recognized, and it was he who thereafter armed the Prussian
soldiers, and he made the batteries that wrought such havoc in the French
forces in the war of 1870.
When he died in 1887 he left a plant in which twenty thousand men were
employed. In Essen alone, at the present time, fifty thousand men find
work, and at the Krupp shipyards, where the German battleships are
constructed, and in the subsidiary Krupp industries, fifty thousand more
are employed.