obscuration of its disk, 132; rotation round the center of gravity of the
whole solar system, 145; velocity of its translatory motion, 145; narrow
limitations of its atmosphere as compared with the nucleus of other nebulous
stars, 141; "sun stones" of the ancients, 122; views of the Greek
philosophers on the sun, 122.
Symond, Lieut., his trigonometrical survey of the Dead Sea, 296, 297.
Tacitus, distinguished local climatic relations from those of race, 352.
Temperature of the globe, see Earth and Ocean; remarkable uniformity over
the same spaces of the surface of the ocean, 303; zones at which occur the
maxima of the oceanic temperature, 319; causes which lower the temperature,
319, 320; temperature of various places, annual, and in the different
seasons, 322, 323-328; thermic scale of temperature, 324, 325; of
continental climates as compared with insular and littoral climates, 321,
322; law of decrease with increase of elevation, 327; depression of, by
shoals, 309; refrigeration of the lower strata of the ocean, 303.
Teneriffe, Peak of its striking scenery, 26.
Theodectes of Phaselis on the color of the Ethiopians, 353.
Theon of Alexandria described comets as "wandering light clouds," 100.
Theophylactus described Scythia as free from earthquakes, 204.
Thermal scales of cultivated plants, 324, 325.
Thermal springs, their temperature, constancy, and change, 221-224; animal
and vegetable life in, 345.
Thermometer, 338.
Thibet, habitability of its elevated plateaux, 331, 332.
Thienemann on the Aurora, 197, 200.
Thought, results of its free action, 53, 54; union with language, 56.
Tiberias, Sea of, its depression below the level of the Mediterranean, 296.
Tides of the ocean, their phenomena, 305, 306.
Tillard, Capt., on the sudden appearance of the island of Sabrina, 242.
Tournefort, zones of vegetation on Mount Ararat, 347.
Tralles, his notice of the negative electricity of the air near high
waterfalls, 336.
Translator, notes by, 29; on the increase of the earth's internal heat with
increase of depth, 45; silicious infusoria and animalculites, 46; chemical
analysis of an aerolite, 64; on the recent discoveries of planets, 90, 91;
observed the comet of 1843, at New Bedford, Massachusetts, in bright
sunshine, 101; on meteoric stones, 111; on a MS., said to be in the library
of Christ's College, Cambridge, 124; on the term "salses," 161; on
Holberg's satire, "Travels in the World under Ground," 171; on the Aurora
Borealis of Oct. 24, 1847, 194, 195, 199; on the electricity of the
atmosphere during the Aurora, 200; on volcanic phenomena, 203, 204;
description of the seismometer, 205; on the great earthquake of Lisbon, 210;
impression made on the natives and foreigners by earthquakes in Peru, 215;
earthquakes at Lima, 216, 217; on the gaseous compounds of sulphur, 217,
218; on the Lake of Lasch, its craters, 218; on the emissions of inflammable
gas in the district of Phasells, 233; on true volcanoes as distinguished
from salses, 224; on the volcano of Pichincha, 228; on the hornitos de
Jorullo, as seen by Humboldt, 230; general rule on the dimensions of
craters, 230; on the ejection of fish from the volcano of Imbaburn, 223; on
the little isle of Volcano, 234; volcanic steam of Pantellaria, 235; on
Daubeney's work "On Volcanoes," 236; account of the island of Santorino,
241; on the vicinity of extinct volcanoes to the sea, 244; meaning of the
Chinese term "li," 245; on mineral metamorphism, 248; on fossil human
remains found in Guadaloupe, 250; on minerals artifically produced 267, 268;
fossil organic structures, 271, 272; on Coprolites, 271; geognostic
distribution of fossils, 276; fossil fauna of the Sewalik Hills, 278;
thickness of coal measures, 281; on the amber pine forests of the Baltic,
283, 284; elevation of mountain chains, 286, 287; the dinornis of Owen, 287;
depth of the atmosphere, 302; richness of organic life in the ocean, 309; on
filaments of plants resembling the spermatozoa of animals, 341; on the
Diatomaceae in the South Arctic Ocean, 343; on the distribution of the
floras and faunas of the British Isles, 348, 349; on the origin and
diffusion of the British flora, 353, 354.
Translatory motion of the solar system, 145-150.
Trogus, Pompeius, on the supposed necessity that volcanoes were dependent on
their vicinity to the sea for their continuance, 243, 244; views of the
ancients on spontaneous generation, 346.
Tropical latitudes, their advantages for the contemplation of nature, 33;
powerful impressions from their organic richness and fertility, 34;
facilities they present for a knowledge of the laws of nature 35;
transparency of the atmosphere, 114; phosphorescence of the sea, 202.
Tschudi, Dr., extract from his "Travels in Peru." See Translator's note,
215, 216, 217.
Turner, note on Sir Isaac Newton, 132.
Universality of animated life, 342, 343.
Valz on the comet of 1618, 106.
Varenius, Bernhard, his excellent general and comparative Geography, 66, 67;
edited by Newton, 66.
Vegetable world, as viewed with microscopic powers of vision, 341; its
predominance over animal life, 343.
Vegetation, its varied distribution on the earth's surface, 29-31, 62;
richness and fertility in the tropics, 33-35; zones of vegetation on the
declivities of mountains, 29-32, 346-350. See Aetna, Cordilleras,
Himalayas, Mountains.
Vico, satellites of Saturn, 96.
Vigne, measurement of Ladak, 322.
Vine, thermal scale of its cultivation, 324.
Volcanoes, 28, 30, 35, 159, 161, 214, 215, 224-248; author's application of
the term volcanic, 45; active volcanoes, safety-valves for their immediate
neighborhood, 214; volcanic eruptions, 161, 210-270; mud volcanoes or
salses, 224-228; traces of volcanic action on the surface of the earth and
moon, 228; influence of relations of height on the occurrence of eruptions,
228-233; volcanic storm, 233; volcanic ashes, 233; classification of
volcanoes into central and linear, 238; theory of the necessity of their
proximity to the sea, 243-246; geographical distribution of still active
volcanoes, 245-247; metamorphic action on rocks, 247-249.
Vrolik, his anatomical investigations on the form of the pelvis, 352, 353.
Wagner, Rudolph, notes on the races of Africa, 352.
Walter on the decrease of volcanic activity, 215.
Wartmann, meteors, 113, 114.
Weber, his anatomical investigations on the form of the pelvis, 353.
Webster, Dr. (of Harvard College, U.S.), account of the island named
Sabrina. See note by Translator, 242.
Winds, 315-321; monsoons, 316, 317; trade winds, 32-, 321; law of rotation,
importance of its knowledge, 315-317.
Wine on the temperature required for its cultivation, 324; thermic table of
mean annual heat, 325.
Wolleston on the limitation of the atmosphere, 302.
Wrangel, Admiral, on the brilliancy of the Aurora Borealis, coincident with
the fall of shooting stars, 126, 127; observations of the Aurora, 197, 200;
wood hills of the Siberian Polar Sea, 281.
Xenophanes of Colophon, described comets as wandering light clouds, 100;
marine fossils found in marble quarries, 263.
Young, Thomas, earliest observer of the influence different kinds of rocks
exercise on the vibrations of the pendulum, 168.
Yul-sung, described by Chinese writers as "the realm of pleasure," 332.
Zimmerman, Carl, hypsometrical remarks on the elevation of the Himalayas, 32.
Zodiacal light, conjectures on, 86-92; general account of, 137-144;
beautiful appearance, 137, 138; first described in Childrey's Britannia
Baconica, 138; probable causes, 141; intensity in tropical climates, 142.
Zones, of vegetation, on the declivities of mountains, 29-33; of latitude,
their diversified vegetation, 62; of the southern heavens, their
magnificence, 85, 86; polar, 197, 198.
END OF VOL. I.