We have already followed the development of the early Flemish or
Netherlandish art during the fifteenth century, and observed how
it eventually passed under the Italianising influences which are
unmistakable in the pictures of Barend van Orley (1495?-1542) and
his contemporaries. The early painters of Holland as distinct from
Flanders cannot be traced with any certainty much farther back than
Albert von Ouwater (fl. 1420-1460), who worked at Haarlem from 1430 to
1460. As we have already seen, the early Flemish painter, Gerard David
(1460?-1523), was born at Ouwater, which may well have had its school
of painters. Neither Albert von Ouwater, who is represented to-day by
a single work, the _Raising of Lazarus_ in the Berlin Gallery, nor his
unidentifiable contemporary who painted the _Exhumation of St. Hubert_,
in the National Gallery (No. 783), are included in the collection of
pictures at the Louvre.