3. CONJUNCTIONS.

§ 218. (a) Copulativ: =jah=, _and, also_; =-uh=, _and_ (cp. § 24, n.

2); =nih=, _and not_. (b) Disjunctiv: =aíþþau=, _or_; =andizuh...

aíþþau=, _either ... or_; =jaþþê...jaþþê=, _whether ... or_; =þau=

(=þáuh=), _or_. (c) Adversativ: =iþ=, =þan=, =aþþan=, =akei=, _but,

however_; =ak=, _but_. (d) Causal: =allis=, =auk=, =untê=, =raíhtis=,

_for, because_. (e) Conclusiv: =þanuh=, =þaruh=, =eiþan=, =nu=, =nuh=,

=þannu=, =nunu=, _now, therefore, hense_. (f) Conditional: =jabai=,

_if_, =niba=, =nibai=, _if not, unless_ (§ 10, n. 2). (g) Concessiv:

=þáuhjabai=, _even if, tho_; =swêþauh=, _yet, indeed, however_. (h)

Final: =ei=, =þatei=, =þêei=, =þei=, _that, in order that_; =ei=,

=swaei, waswê=, _so that_; =ibai= (=iba=), _that not, lest_. (i)

Comparativ: =ƕaiwa=, _how?_; =swê=, _as_; =swaswê=, _so as, as_; =þau=,

(=þáuh=), _than_. (k) Temporal: =swê=, _as, when_; =þan=, =þandê=,

_when, as long as_; =biþê=, =miþþanei=, _while_; =sunsei=, _as soon

as_; =faúrþizei=, _before_; =untê=, =und þatei=, =þandê=, _til, until,

as long as_.

NOTE. Sum of these conjunctions ar uzed also as adverbs. The adverbial

origin of a few is even recognizabl from their form; e. g., =allis=,

=raihtis=, =faúrþizei= (=faúrþis=, adv., _beforehand_).

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