solio-paper, a formula for developer for kodak films, and a formula
for washing trays. The following is the formula given by the
manufacturers of solio-paper for making a combined bath:
STOCK SOLUTION "A."
Hyposulphite of soda 8 oz.
Alum (crystals) 6 oz.
Granulated sugar 2 oz.
Water 80 oz.
When this is dissolved, add borax, 2 oz., dissolved in 8 oz. of hot
water. Let it stand overnight, and turn off the clear liquid into a
clean bottle, and mark "A."
STOCK SOLUTION "B."
Chloride of gold 7-1/2 grs.
Acetate of lead (sugar of lead) 64 grs.
Water 8 oz.
Mark bottle "B," and shake before using. To mix for toning
solution, take 8 oz. of solution "A" and 1 oz. of solution "B."
Place the prints in this solution without washing. Tone to desired
color, and wash for an hour in running water. For developing
formula see No. 862 (February 25, 1896). Clean trays with a little
nitric or sulphuric acid in water.
SIR KNIGHT P. HOSMER says that he has trouble in developing, as the
film washes off from the plate in the washing water, and wishes to
know the reason and remedy. The reason of the film softening is
because the water is too warm, owing probably to the extreme heat
of the past few weeks. Use alum in the fixing bath to harden the
films, and instead of washing the plates in running water, place
them in a dish of water in which put a small piece of ice not
enough to make the water ice cold, but to lower the temperature to
about 50°. Leave them in the water an hour, changing it two or
three times, and the films will not frill or leave the plate.
SIR KNIGHT JOHN MILLS wishes to know the number of the ROUND TABLE
containing a formula for printing-out paper. Formulas for plain
paper will be found in Nos. 796 and 803 (January 22 and March 19,
1895). A formula for blue-print paper will be found in Nos. 797,
823, and 828. See also No. 869.
SIR KNIGHT A. P. LAZARUS asks when the next competition will take
place, how to take pictures of insects and make them appear sharp
and of good size, and a formula for making blue-print paper. A
photographic contest will probably be conducted some time this
fall. Announcements will be made through the Camera Club. To take
photographs of insects and have them at least two-thirds size one
should use a copying camera. A copying camera has a long bellows
and a lens specially adapted for making pictures at short range.
Formulas for blue-print paper will be found in Nos. 797, 823, and
828.
SIR KNIGHT E. A. STABLER asks if bicarbonate of potash could be
used in place of carbonate of potash, which the formula for
developer calls for. In Professor Mason's table showing the
comparative value of alkaline carbonates in developers, he says
that equal work is done by 165 parts of carbonate of potassa, and
200 parts of bicarbonate of potassa. If the developer formula calls
for 1 oz. carbonate of potassa, 1 oz. of bicarbonate of potassa
could be substituted for the carbonate of potassa. It is better to
use the carbonate of potassa if it can be obtained.
SIR KNIGHT FRANK F. SMITH, P.O. Box 239, Cumberland, Md., asks to
have a notice in the Camera Club that he would like to exchange
some books on photography and electricity for a Pocket Kodak. He
also wishes to know of some corresponding photographic chapter of
the Round Table. Niepce Chapter, of which Arthur F. Atkinson, 1711
I Street, Sacramento, Cal., is the president. Sir Knight John
Chamberlain, 6 Franklin Avenue, Dayton, O., wishes to form a
chapter.
SIR KNIGHT A. SMITH, 3 East State Street, Trenton, N. J., asks if
boiled or filtered water answers the same purpose for photography;
how to make photographs on watch crystals; and would like to
correspond with any member owning a 4 by 5 camera, a Pocket Kodak,
or a Quad Camera. The water should be filtered in order to remove
the impurities, but it is not necessary to boil it. For all
ordinary purposes the simple filtering of the water will be
sufficient, but for delicate operations the distilled water must be
used. See No. 840 for method of making transferrotypes. Pictures
may be transferred to watch crystals by the process there
described.
* * * * *
Here is a laughable incident of the civil war in which General Grant
took an active part. It was during the march through the wilderness in
the southwestern part of Arkansas. An advance-guard of some eight
hundred men, under the command of Lieutenant Wickfield, after marching
all the morning came upon a small farm-house. The Lieutenant dismounted,
and hailing the inmates, some ladies, desired to know if he could get
any food on the premises.
"Who are you, sir?" demanded the lady of the house.
With a most dignified demeanor Lieutenant Wickfield replied,
"Brigadier-General Grant."
This produced a sensation among the ladies, and, happy to accommodate
the General, they flew around and got him something to eat in short
order. The Lieutenant satisfied his hunger, and requested the ladies to
let him know how much there was to pay for the very hearty repast he had
had the pleasure of eating. They declined, however, to accept any
payment, and the Lieutenant went on his way rejoicing.
Shortly after, General Grant himself arrived, and being also in need of
food, applied at the farm-house. To his astonishment he was refused, and
upon asking why, was told, to his utter amazement, that his betters,
namely, General Grant, had but a short time before eaten everything
there was with the exception of one solitary pie.
"Humph!" said the General, and, after a moment's thought, "Well, I'll
buy that pie, and here is the money for it. Will you kindly keep it for
me, and I will send for it later."
Grant then rode on, and when he and his soldiers went into camp for the
night he had caught up with the Lieutenant and his advance-guard. Soon
the unusual call for full parade sounded through the camp. The parade
formed, and after the regular ceremonies the following order was read by
one of the officers:
HEADQUARTERS ARMY IN THE FIELD.
_Special Order_.
Lieutenant Wickfield, of the --th Indiana Cavalry, having on this
day eaten everything at the farm-house near the crossing of the
Ironton and Pocahontas and Black River and Cape Girardeau roads,
except one pie, he is hereby ordered to return with an escort of
one hundred cavalry and _eat that pie also_.
U. S. GRANT,
Brigadier-General Commanding.
A broad smile spread over the faces of the soldiers, and rank after rank
suppressed a giggle. The Lieutenant blushed, but proceeded to obey the
order, and left the camp amidst loud laughter and cheers. The report was
that he ate the entire pie, and appeared to enjoy it.
ADVERTISEMENTS.
There are a dozen good reasons for the unquestioned success of the
DeLONG Hook and Eye.
Let us begin with the first:
1--"The DeLONG Hook and Eye never unhooks except at the will of the
wearer."
2--"The DeLONG"--but never mind the rest, the first covers the
ground.
[Illustration]
See that
hump?
RICHARDSON & DELONG BROS., Philadelphia.
Also makers of the
CUPID Hairpin.
Postage Stamps, &c.
[Illustration: STAMPS]
100 all dif. Venezuela, Bolivia, etc., only 10c., 200 all dif. Hayti,
Hawaii, etc., only 50c. Ag'ts w't'd at 50% com. List FREE! =C. A.
Stegmann=, 5941 Cote Brilliante Ave., St. Louis, Mo
STAMPS
=10= stamps and large list =FREE!=
L. DOVER & CO., 1469 Hodiamont, St. Louis, Mo.
[Illustration: THOMPSON'S EYE WATER]
LI HUNG-CHANG.
Li Hung-Chang, the most famous Chinese statesman and soldier of this
century, accompanied by forty secretaries, aides, interpreters, and
servants, arrived in New York last week. Li comes from England, where he
was received by Queen Victoria, and lionized by the British nation. He
came to England from Russia, in which latter country, as representative
of the Chinese Emperor, he attended the recent coronation of the Czar.
Li was entertained here for a period of about ten days, after which he
sailed from Vancouver for China. General Ruger, representing this
government, engaged the state suite of some sixty rooms at the Waldorf
Hotel, which Li occupied. Our largest battle-ships formed in array, flew
the Chinese dragon at the fore, manned their yards, and fired salutes as
he came up the bay. President Cleveland came on from Washington to
officially receive him at the Fifth Avenue home of ex-Secretary of the
Navy Whitney. Then followed private entertainments galore, a visit to
the military academy at West Point, and the placing of a wreath upon the
tomb of General Grant at Riverside Drive and 123d Street, New York, in
commemoration of the affectionate friendship which originated between
General Grant and Li on the occasion of the former's trip around the
world.
[Illustration: LI HUNG-CHANG.]
Li is seventy-four, of pure Chinese blood, vigorous, of fine physique,
full six feet high, of magnetic presence, with piercing eye, and a face
indicative of mental strength and character. He speaks no language other
than his own, dresses always in characteristic Chinese fashion in
parti-colored silken robes, head shaved, and hair plaited in a cue, and
he travels with his cooks and menial servants, preserving while on his
journey, so far as possible, a Chinese dietary according to the customs
of his country. This is the first occasion on which he has left Asia.
Our visitor's titles bespeak his eminence in his own country. First, he
is Viceroy of the province of Chih-li, which includes Peking, the
capital, and the whole of northern China. Next, he is the Senior
Guardian of the Heir Apparent to the Chinese Throne, a title explaining
itself. Lastly, the syllables "Hung-Chang" which are pronounced as part
of his name, signify "Grand Secretary"--so that his name, translated
into English, would be "Grand Secretary Li." His Three-eyed Peacock
Feathers, Yellow Jacket, Third Degree, White Button, Black Feather, and
other ornaments, which Europeans have been in the habit of ridiculing,
each represents a decoration, or honor conferred for some act of
brilliant generalship or successful diplomatic negotiation.
Li's career is strikingly interesting to young people. Not of
distinguished parents, he first leaps into prominence by carrying off
honors at an examination where there are twenty thousand competitors.
The subjects are not, as with us, mathematics, geography, arts, and
sciences, but the teachings of Confucius, theory of government, and
Chinese poetry and history. Passing this examination promotes Li into
official circles, and he becomes a compiler in the imperial
printing-office. But the T'ai-p'ing rebellion breaks out, and the
student is soon called upon to become a soldier. He raises a regiment of
home militia, and enters upon the field of war. In less than five years
he achieves honor and distinction, and then imperial Generalissimo Tseng
Kwo-Fan appoints him on his staff.
Then Li is for the first time brought into closer relations with the
Europeans. Shanghai, a port thrown open to European trade, is threatened
by Chinese rebels. A number of wealthy merchants interested there
subscribe for a foreign contingent to protect the city. Two Americans,
Ward and Burgevine, and afterwards the English General Gordon, commonly
known as Chinese Gordon, commanded this force. Li Hung-Chang acted
conjointly with them, and the rebels were routed. Li promised Gordon
that the lives of the rebel chiefs should be spared. As soon, however,
as those unfortunates were turned over into Li's custody, they were
promptly beheaded. For this, Gordon is said never to have forgiven Li.
Li is admired by western nations because he is the first influential
Chinaman who has advocated the introduction of European civilization and
reforms into the Chinese Empire. Since his advent to power, missionaries
of every creed have been tolerated in every part of China, and, so far
as possible, protected in their avocations. The number of seaports at
which foreigners are permitted to trade has been increased. Some
telegraph lines have been constructed, and even a short railway line is
now in operation near Tien-tsin. The Chinese army has been properly
drilled and equipped with modern rifles, accoutrements, artillery, and
ammunition, their navy rehabilitated with modern battle-ships and
gun-boats, their seaports protected by fortifications.
In China the displeasure of the Emperor is visited upon statesmen by
depriving them of their titles and decorations. This misfortune has
several times befallen Li. No later than last year, after the defeat of
the Chinese in their war with the Japanese, this happened. His
successful peace negotiations with Japan, however, during which he
nearly lost his life at the hands of a Japanese fanatic assassin,
brought about his restoration to royal favor, which he deserved.
Devotion to his parents and love of country are strong traits in Li's
character. Some years ago he resigned office to attend the bedside of
his dying mother. His every word and act are indicative of the latter
trait.
Li's present journey is looked upon as an important step towards the
throwing open of China to European progress, arts, trade, and
civilization.
* * * * *
Early in the sixties a party of young men were hunting near Yellowstone
Park. They had a number of guides with them, and one was a character. He
was full of witty remarks, and amused the company generally. One day
they were out shooting, and had not proceeded very far from the camp
when they started a flock of birds. The shot-guns came into active play,
and accidentally one of the party received a load of small shot in the
back of his neck. As it had spread considerably, the injury was of but a
slight nature. The "character," as they had nicknamed their witty guide,
seeing the blood, cried out,
"Run, man! run for all you're worth to the camp yonder, for if ye drop
we'll have that much less to carry ye."
[Illustration: STAMPS]
This Department is conducted in the interest of stamp and coin
collectors, and the Editor will be pleased to answer any question
on these subjects so far as possible. Correspondents should address
Editor Stamp Department.
The London Philatelic Society has definitely fixed upon the rooms of the
Water-Color Society in Piccadilly, London, in which to hold the great
exhibition of postage-stamps next year. There are three very large
connected rooms, lighted from above. It is expected that stamps valued
at nearly $2,000,000 will be on exhibition.
During July and August stamp-collecting is abandoned in favor of
out-of-door sports; but the indications of a revived interest are
already to be noted. A new fad has developed during the summer--the
collection of badges and buttons with portraits and mottoes. One large
collector in New York has a very interesting series of badges,
portraits, etc., used for election purposes, running back over eighty
years.
G. R. MOFFITT.--Your copy of the 1 fl. Hungary is simply one that
has been poorly printed.
E. H. TRAPHAGEN.--In the case of stamps still in use, always buy
unused if offered _at the same price_ as used. In the case of the
Columbian stamps, the reason used stamps are still as high as
unused is that the bulk of the cost is for the $1, $2, $3, $4, and
$5 stamps. If you put them on a package or on a bundle of letters
the chance is that they will be damaged, and hence worth much less
than if in good condition. This risk must be paid for. Confederate
bills are worth 2c. or 3c. apiece.
A. OAKLEY.--The 24c. U.S. 1872 is worth $5 unused, $2 used. The
1861 1c. is worth 5c. unused, 1c. used.
TOM W. B. WELCH, Millburn, N. J.; H. G. HALL, Ridley Park, Pa.;
W. A. MACON, Ridley Park, Pa., wish to exchange stamps.
A. SAXE.--There are two types of the French stamps 1876 issue. If
you have very sharp eyes you will see the name of the engraver,
J. A. SAGE, INV., immediately under the word REPUBLIQUE. In Type I.
the letter N of INV. will be found directly under the letter B of
Republique. In Type II. the same N is under the U of Republique.
INV. is the abbreviation of the Latin word meaning to design.
G. KLINTEICH.--The New South Wales stamps issued in 1849 are
usually called "Sydney Views," from the fact that the stamps bear a
view of a city on the seashore, with a ship in the offing, and
several figures in the foreground. There are about 50 varieties in
the 1d., 120 varieties in the 2d., 25 varieties in the 3d., as each
stamp was separately engraved, and some plates retouched or
re-engraved. They are worth from $8 to $25 each used, and from $50
to $100 each unused. If you have any of your grandfather's letters
from Sydney in 1850 they should bear these stamps.
[Illustration: Fig. 1.]
[Illustration: Fig. 2.]
J. ABELER.--Your drawing is very good, but I cannot make out the
date. I am inclined to think that your stamps are the 1 sh. black
of the 1870 issue (Fig. 1), and the 1 sh. black of the 1872 issue
(Fig. 2). The first, on the letter, is worth $15, the second, if on
the letter, about $2, provided the stamps are in fairly good
condition. All Afghanistan stamps were cancelled by tearing or
gouging a piece out of the stamp. The centre ornament in these
stamps represents a tiger's head.
J. A.--If you have a strip of four 5c. Express U.S. Revenue stamps
unsevered it is worth about $2. Single stamps showing two sides
unperforated are not worth any more than those perforated all
around. Too many such stamps are in the market which are simply
"fakes"--that is, they are made from ordinary perforated stamps.
S. L. COE.--Your Prussian gold coin is worth its weight in gold. It
is not scarce.
C. WILLISTON.--A complete set of Columbian stamps from 1c. to $5
can be bought for $25 either unused or used.
PHILATUS.
[Illustration: Ivory Soap]
Those who think that imported soaps must be the finest, do not know that
the materials for Ivory Soap are the best to be found anywhere. The
vegetable oil of which Ivory Soap is made, is imported, almost in ship
loads, from the other side of the world.
THE PROCTER & GAMBLE CO., CIN'TI.
ALL AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHERS--YOUNG AND OLD
ARE INVITED TO ENTER THE
PRIZE PHOTOGRAPH COMPETITION
$25 IN PRIZES. OPEN TO DEC. 10th.
* * * * *
=NO RESTRICTIONS= as to the number of photographs from any competitor; nor
as to assistance from others; nor as to ages of competitors. Photographs
may be of any size, from 3x4 to 10x12. Size will not be considered by
the Judging Committee.
The =Prize-Winning Photographs= will become the property of the
publishers; =all others= which the publishers may desire to retain =will
be purchased=.
Every photograph must be =original=; that is, the copying of other
photographs, paintings, or pictures is not permissible. Every photograph
should indicate action; that is, the children or animals should be
apparently doing something--playing a game, making something, etc. Some
interesting phase of child or animal life or action should be the
central point of interest. A photograph that is merely a portrait or
landscape will not be considered.
Address all communications and inquiries,
Prize Photograph Competition,
ALPHA PUBLISHING COMPANY, 212 Boylston Street, BOSTON.
Publishers of BABYLAND and LITTLE MEN AND WOMEN.
JOSEPH GILLOTT'S
STEEL PENS
Nos. 303, 404, 170, 604 E.F., 601 E.F.
And other styles to suit all hands.
THE MOST PERFECT OF PENS.
[Illustration]
EARN A TRICYCLE.
We wish to introduce our Teas. Sell 30 lbs. and we will give you a Fairy
Tricycle; sell 25 lbs. for a Solid Silver Watch and Chain; 50 lbs. for a
Gold Watch and Chain; 75 lbs. for a Bicycle; 10 lbs. for a Gold Ring.
Write for catalog and order sheet Dept. I
W. G. BAKER,
Springfield, Mass.
[Illustration: THOMPSON'S EYE WATER]
POPULAR BOOKS
By HOWARD PYLE
* * * * *
=THE WONDER CLOCK.= Large 8vo, Cloth, $3.00.
=PEPPER AND SALT.= 4to, Cloth, $2.00.
=THE ROSE OF PARADISE.= Post 8vo, Cloth, $1.25.
=TWILIGHT LAND.= 8vo, Half Leather, Ornamental, $2.50.
=MEN OF IRON.= 8vo, Cloth, $2.00.
=A MODERN ALADDIN.= Post 8vo, Cloth, $1.25.
* * * * *
HARPER & BROTHERS, Publishers, New York.
* * * * *
[Illustration: UNWISELY SELFISH.
"THAT WORM IS MINE, I TELL YOU."
"NONSENSE. I GOT HERE FIRST. IF YOU WANT A WORM, GET ONE ON YOUR OWN
HOOK."]
* * * * *
A BOY'S REASON.
"Tom, which will you have for your birthday, a bicycle or a watch?"
"Bicycle," said Tom. "The wheels are bigger."
* * * * *
NOT A PLEASANT FEELING.
"How did you feel, Harry, when you were lost?"
"Like being a whole game of hide-and-go-seek. I couldn't seem to find
myself at all, either, so it wasn't much fun."
* * * * *
A TALENTED TUTOR.
"Well, Tommie, I hear you had a tutor with you on the farm."
"Yes."
"Did he teach you anything?"
"Yes. He taught me a little matthewmatics, and how to milk a cow."
* * * * *
THE COLLEGE BOY MAKES A JOKE.
"Guess we gotter stand up, Maria," said Uncle Si, as they stepped aboard
the lake steamer, and found all the chairs taken. "There don't seem to
be no cheers fer us to set in."
At this a fresh young college boy got up and proposed to his comrades
that they give "Three cheers for Uncle Si."
* * * * *
THE UNPLEASANT PART OF IT.
"Well, Johnnie," said the visitor, "I suppose you'll begin going to
school again very soon."
"Yes."
"Do you like going to school?"
"Yes; it's staying there after I get there that I don't like."
* * * * *
The Colonel had for a servant a darky that at times was inclined to grow
lazy. For a long while the Colonel had noted this, and had scolded and
threatened, but all to no purpose. One day there was a party of
gentlemen dining with him, and among them a military man. The Colonel
had entertained the company with anecdotes, and finally came around to
the subject of his lazy servant.
"I can fix that fellow," said the military man. "Just send for him,
Colonel, and I'll give him an order, and we'll see if he will obey it
quickly or not."
The Colonel sent for his servant. As he entered the room the military
man assumed a most severe mien, and gave him an order to go fix his
horse's bridle, which needed looking after, "And be sure you do it right
and quickly"; and he significantly drew his sword and laid it on the
table near his plate, at the same time looking hard at the servant. In a
short while the man returned and brought with him a pitchfork, which he
gravely laid on the table alongside the sword, saying,
"Ise fixed de bridle, General."
"What on earth did you bring this pitchfork here for, eh?" exclaimed the
military man.
"Why, sah, Ise thought that wid so big er knife like your sword the best
thing to use wid it would be de pitchfork."
* * * * *
A bright little chap in the White Mountains wrote to his papa in the
city the other day the following letter:
"DEAR PAPA,--I can't write to you 'cause I got nothing to say, and
I send this 'cause I can't say it.
"With love, BOB,
"Please send some candies."
* * * * *
[Illustration: A POUTER.]
"I SAY THERE, YOUNG FELLOWS, YOU'D BETTER LOOK OUT;
THAT PIGEON, I NOTICE, IS IN A GREAT POUT!"
End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, September 8, 1896, by Various