perforations found inside the skull.
202-8252. A pendant or nose ornament made of haliotis
shell and stained pink in places found on the lower jaw
(Fig. 92).
202-8253. Dentalium shells.
202-8254. A long shell pendant with two perforations.
202-8255. A pendant made of haliotis shell bearing a pink
stain with a perforation and part of a second perforation
(Fig. 90).
202-8256. A long shell pendant with one perforation.
202-8257a, b. Two triangular objects made of shell.
202-8258. Pieces of shell found near the lower jaw.
PRIEST RAPIDS.
202-8259. One pebble showing use at the end as a pestle.
Found on the surface of the divide 25 miles east of
Ellensburg, and about 15 miles west of Mr. Craig's house
near the head of Priest Rapids.
202-8260a, b. Pieces of a pestle made of part of a column
of basalt, with the corners rounded by pecking. Found on
the surface at the head of Priest Rapids on the west side
of the river.
202-8261. A pestle made by rounding the edges of a piece
of a basaltic column. Found on the surface of the west
bank of the Columbia River 8 miles above Mr. Craig's
house, which is at the head of Priest Rapids.
* * * * *
Numbers 202-8262 to 202-8266 were found on the surface
near the head of Priest Rapids.
202-8262. A pestle or part of a pestle.
202-8263. A river pebble partly pecked into the form of a
pestle (Fig. 22).
202-8264. The end of a pestle having a large striking
head.
202-8265. Part of a stone pestle.
202-8266. Pestle formed by rounding the corners of a
small basaltic column.
202-8267. to 202-8290. Numbers 202-8267 to 202-8290 are
pestles made of stone found on the surface near the head
of Priest Rapids (Fig. 21, 202-8281).
Numbers 202-8291 to 202-8295 were found on the surface
near the head of Priest Rapids.
202-8291. Part of a pestle made of stone.
202-8292a. A pebble battered on each end (Fig. 41).
202-8292b. Pebble, one side of which has been used as a
mortar.
202-8293. Part of a mortar made of stone.
202-8294. Part of a mortar.
202-8295. Disk-shaped boulder, one side of which is
notched opposite a natural notch. Possibly this has been
a net sinker similar to the following.
* * * * *
Numbers 202-8296 to 202-8334 were found on the surface of
the bank of the Columbia River near the head of Priest
Rapids.
202-8296. River pebble. Such pebbles were made into
sinkers for fish nets. See 202-8310 and adjacent
catalogue numbers (Fig. 13a).
202-8297. Scraper or knife made of a river pebble one
side of which is chipped (Fig. 55).
202-8298. River pebble of disk shape, partly chipped.
202-8299. River pebble of disk shape, partly chipped on
two edges.
202-8300. River pebble of disk shape, partly chipped on
one edge.
202-8301. River pebble of disk shape, partly chipped on
two edges.
202-8302. River pebble of disk shape, partly chipped on
four edges (Fig. 53).
202-8303. River pebble, partly chipped.
202-8304. River pebble of disk shape, chipped around the
edge from one side only.
202-8305. Disk-shaped river pebble, chipped around the
edge from both sides.
202-8306. Disk-shaped river pebble, chipped in two
places, opposite each other from both sides, and at a
place equi-distant from these two from only one side.
202-8307. Scraper or knife chipped from a pebble (Fig.
54).
202-8308. Chipped pebble.
* * * * *
202-8309 to 202-8322. Numbers 202-8309 to 202-8322 are
oblong flat river pebbles with a notch chipped in the
edge at each end from both sides. They are probably
sinkers for fish nets. (202-8313, see Fig. 13_c_;
202-8318, see Fig. 13_b_).
202-8323 to 202-8325. Numbers 202-8323 to 202-8325 are
oval flat river pebbles with pieces chipped from the
edges in several places.
202-8326. Flat oval river pebble with pieces chipped from
both sides of the edge at five places, probably a sinker
for a fish net.
202-8327. Flat disk-shaped pebble with four notches about
equi-distant around the edge, and chipped from each side,
probably a sinker for a fish net.
202-8328. Oval river pebble with four notches chipped in
the edge nearly equi-distant from each other, probably a
sinker for a fish net.
202-8329. Oval flat river pebble with four notches
chipped in the edge from both sides, and about
equi-distant from each other, probably a sinker for a
fish net.
202-8330. Oval flat river pebble with four notches
chipped in the edge from both sides, and about
equi-distant from each other, probably a sinker for a
fish net (Fig. 13_d_).
202-8331. Half of a stone ring, probably a sinker for a
fish net.
202-8332. Boulder in which groove is partly pecked,
probably a net sinker or anchor.
202-8333. Large chipped implement made of basalt (Plate
I, Fig. 1).
202-8334. Large chipped form made of white chert (Plate
I, Fig. 3).
* * * * *
Numbers 202-8335 to 202-8383 were found on the surface
near the head of Priest Rapids.
202-8335. Chipped form.
202-8336. Chipped form of white chalcedony (Fig. 3).
202-8337. Chipped form.
202-8338. Chipped form made of red jasper (Plate _I_,
Fig. 2).
202-8339 to 202-8344. Numbers 202-8339 to 202-8344 are
chipped forms.
202-8345. Basal half of a chipped point.
202-8346. Half of a chipped form.
202-8347. Point of a chipped form.
202-8348. Part of a chipped form.
202-8349 to 202-8354. Numbers 202-8349 to 202-8354 are
points of chipped forms.
202-8355. Triangular chipped point.
202-8356. Triangular chipped point.
202-8357. Chipped form.
202-8358. Chipped point.
202-8359. Chipped point made of brown horn stone (Plate
II, Fig. 11).
202-8360. Triangular chipped point made of pale yellow
chalcedony. The chalcedony is flint-like in texture
(Plate II, Fig. 14).
202-8361. Chipped point made of yellow agate (Plate II,
Fig. 10).
202-8362. Chipped point.
202-8363. Chipped point made of pale fulvous chalcedony
(Plate II, Fig. 8).
202-8364. Chipped arrow, knife or spear point made of
chalcedony (Fig. 2).
202-8365. Chipped arrow, spear or knife point.
202-8366. Chipped arrow point made of pale fulvous
chalcedony (Plate II, Fig. 7).
202-8367. Chipped arrow point.
202-8368. Chipped arrow point made of opaline whitish
chalcedony (Plate II, Fig. 9).
202-8369. Chipped arrow point made of chalcedony (Fig.
1).
202-8370. Point for a drill chipped from chert (Fig. 48).
202-8371. Scraper chipped from petrified wood (Fig. 49).
202-8372. Scraper chipped from agate (Fig. 50).
202-8373. Scraper chipped from chalcedony (Fig. 51).
202-8374. Chipped piece of chalcedony.
202-8375. Chipped piece of petrified wood.
202-8376. Flake of stone.
202-8377. Flake of stone.
202-8378a. Piece of antler showing knife marks.
202-8378b. Part of a wedge made of antler.
202-8379. A piece of antler that has been whittled.
202-8380a, b, c. Three pieces of antler.
202-8381. Bleached barb for a fish spear made of bone
(Fig. 12).
202-8382. Six clam shells from the Columbia River.
202-8383. Seventeen clam shells from the old shell bed
shown in Plate V, Fig. 1.
202-8384. Four shell disks found among the refuse of a
rock-slide grave near the head of Priest Rapids (Fig.
76).
202-8385. One dentalium shell found among the refuse of a
rock-slide grave near the head of Priest Rapids.
202-8386. Pendant made of haliotis shell, triangular in
form, perforated at the most acute corner. This shell
came from the Pacific Coast. Found in the grave of a
child in a rock-slide near the head of Priest Rapids west
of the Columbia River near the home of Mr. Craig (Fig.
89). Numbers 202-8387 to 202-8390 were also found here.
202-8387a, b, c, d. Vertebrae of a fish.
202-8388. Pendant made of a shell probably a young
_Pectunculus gigantea_. The hinge side has been smoothed
off (Fig. 88).
202-8389. Three dentalium shells.
202-8390. Twenty-eight shell disks or beads.
* * * * *
Grave No. 38. A rock-slide grave located on the east side
of the escarpment that runs south to the Columbia River
about two miles southwest of Mr. Craig's house near the
head of Priest Rapids. Stones were heaped up over this
grave and sticks about 6 feet long were standing up and
extended from the earth above the skeleton to 3 feet
above the surface. Numbers 99-4333 and 202-8391 to
202-8392 were found in the grave.
99-4333. An adult skeleton was found at a depth of 3 feet
from the top of the rock heap. The head was east. The
skeleton was flexed and it was lying on the left side.
202-8391. Stitched rush matting, probably recent, found
in contact with the skin on this skeleton (Fig. 70). Part
was of the stitch shown in Fig. 71.
202-8392. A roll of birch bark.
* * * * *
Grave No. 39. Grave of a child near grave No. 38. This
child's grave was of the same kind as grave No. 38.
202-8393. Pendant or bead made of sea shell (Fig. 87).
* * * * *
Grave No. 40. A rock-slide grave found 8 miles above Mr.
Craig's house in a small slide at the foot of the bluff.
Upright cedar slabs about 8 feet long were found along
about 6 feet of the lower part of the grave. The skeleton
of an adult lay flexed along the slabs with the head to
the north.
99-4334. The skull.
Several similar graves, most of which have been rifled,
were seen at this place.
* * * * *
Grave No. 41. Grave found about 5 miles south of Mr.
Craig's house on the western bank of the Columbia. It was
in the sand, covered with flat river boulders. No
artifacts were found in the grave.
99-4335. Adult skeleton, bleached. Much of the skeleton
was found exposed and parts were missing. The head was
north.
* * * * *
Grave No. 42. Boulder-covered grave in sand was located
at the edge of the river 12 miles up the Columbia from
Mr. Craig's house. Numbers 99-4336 and 202-8394 to
202-8395 were found in this grave.
99-4336. An adult skeleton was found in this grave with
the head north, face down, and flexed.
202-8394. Fragment of a large mortar made of stone (Fig.
18).
202-8395a, b, c. Three pestles found among the covering
boulders of this grave.
* * * * *
Numbers 202-8396 to 202-8398 were presented by Mrs. J. B.
Davidson of Ellensburg. The specimens were collected at
the head of Priest Rapids.
202-8396. Pipe made of limestone decorated with the
circle and dot design similar to that used in the
Thompson River region (Fig. 106 also negative 44505,
6-6).
202-8397. Double notched point chipped from black glassy
basalt or trap (Plate II, Fig. 6).
202-8398. Point for a drill or perforator chipped from
chalcedony (Fig. 47).
202-8399. River pebble partly pecked into the form of a
pestle. Found on the surface 8 miles above the head of
Priest Rapids (Fig. 23).
VARIOUS LOCALITIES.
Numbers 20.0-1463 to 20.0-1471 were collected and
presented by Mr. D. W. Owen of Kennewick.
20.0-1463. Bone object broken and partly missing from
Blalock Island fifteen miles below Umatilla in the
Columbia River.
20.0-1464. Wedge made of antler from the surface near the
Columbia River near the mouth of the Snake River (Fig.
39).
20.0-1465. Bleached awl made of bone from an island in
the Columbia River, forty miles above the mouth of the
Snake River (Fig. 57).
20.0-1466. Bleached awl made of bone from the surface of
an island in the Columbia River near the mouth of the
Snake River (Fig. 56).
20.0-1467. Awl made of brownish bone nearly circular in
section with five incised lines on two sides, four on
one, and none on the other which is plain because worn
smooth probably by age or use. From a grave on Blalock
Island, a long island in the Columbia River fifteen miles
below Umatilla.
20.0-1468. Awl made of brownish bone. The shaft has
nearly parallel sides and rounded corners but the base is
nearly circular in section. Striations such as are made
by a gritstone show on the surface. Found with another in
a grave on an island in the Snake River five miles above
its mouth (Fig. 10).
20.0-1469. Sculptured arm with hand made of black slate
having four nearly parallel sides and rounded corners.
From Umatilla, Oregon.
20.0-1470. Pipe made of sandstone bearing design. From
the Snake River Indians (Figs. 107 and 115).
20.0-1471. Sculptured handle broken from a club made of
serpentine. The broken surface is smooth. There are
notches 1/4 inch long on the edge. From Blalock Island
opposite Umatilla in the Columbia Valley (Fig. 167h,
Smith, (b).).
20.0-3343. Fluted stone, possibly an unfinished pestle.
From near Lewiston, Idaho. Presented by Mr. Henry Fair,
Spokane, Idaho.
* * * * *
Numbers 20.0-3344 to 20.0-3346 are from an old village
site near Fort Simcoe. Collected by Dr. H. J. Spinden.
20.0-3344. Mortar.
20.0-3345. Pestle.
20.0-3346. Pestle.
T-21184 (H-180). Fragment of a leaf-shaped point made of
chert. From Wallula near the Columbia River, Oregon.
Collected by Judge James Kennedy in 1882 (Fig. 6).
T-22107 (H-177). Fragments of a figure made of antler.
From Umatilla, Oregon. Collected by Mrs. James Terry
(Fig. 123).
[Illustration: CHIPPED POINTS. (Page 24) PLATE I.]
[Illustration: CHIPPED POINTS. (Page 25) PLATE II.]
[Illustration: QUARRY NEAR NACHES RIVER. (Page 16)
HOUSE SITE NEAR NACHES RIVER. (Page 51) PLATE III.]
[Illustration: HOUSE SITES NEAR NACHES RIVER. (Page 52) PLATE IV.]
[Illustration: CAMP SITES NEAR SENTINAL BLUFFS. (Page 56) PLATE V.]
[Illustration: FORT NEAR ROCK CREEK. ROCK-SLIDE GRAVE ON YAKIMA RIDGE.
(Page 14) PLATE VI.]
[Illustration: TERRACED ROCK-SLIDE ON YAKIMA RIDGE. (Page 141)
PLATE VII.]
[Illustration: ROCK-SLIDE GRAVES ON YAKIMA RIDGE. (Page 140)
PLATE VIII.]
[Illustration: CREMATION CIRCLE NEAR MOUTH OF NACHES RIVER. (Page 142)
GRAVE IN DOME OF VOLCANIC ASH NEAR TAMPICO. (Page 139) PLATE IX.]
[Illustration: OPENED GRAVE IN DOME OF VOLCANIC ASH NEAR TAMPICO.
(Page 139) PLATE X.]
[Illustration: PETROGLYPHS NEAR SENTINAL BLUFFS.( Page 121) PLATE XI.]
[Illustration: PETROGLYPHS IN SELAH CANON. (Page 122) PLATE XII.]
[Illustration: PETROGLYPH IN SELAH CANON. (Page 123)
PETROGLYPH NEAR WALLULA JUNCTION. (Page 123) PLATE XIII.]
[Illustration: PICTOGRAPHS AT MOUTH OF COWICHE CREEK. (Page 119)
PLATE XIV.]
[Illustration: PICTOGRAPHS AT MOUTH OF COWICHE CREEK. (Page 120)
PLATE XV.]
[Illustration: PICTOGRAPHS AT MOUTH OF COWICHE CREEK. (Page 120)
PLATE XVI.]
* * * * *
TRANSCRIBER NOTES:
Archaic, alternate and misspellings of words have been retained to
match the original work with the exception of those listed below
Missing punctuation has been added and obvious punctuation errors
have been corrected.
Page 19: "gulley" changed to "gully" (on either side by a
gully).
Page 36: footnote 78, added "p." ( Spinden, p, 194.)
Page 82: "anterio" changed to "anterior" (leaving a large
anterior lateral projection).
Page 92: "assymetrical" changed to "asymmetrical" ( a slightly
asymmetrical disk)
Page 93: illustration caption: "n" changed to "in" ( in
the collection of)
Page 97: "he" changed to "be" ( contents will be found)
Page 108: "begining" changed to "beginning" (first
beginning at the East).
Page 108: "untill" changed to "until" (held the pipe until
I took).
Page 109: "simitransparent" changed to "semi-transparent"
(where the semi-transparent green steatite).
Page 113: "p.13" changed to "p. 131" (under the section of art on p.
131.)
Page 129: "fo" changed to "of" (and the method of
indicating)
Page 145: "familar" changed to "familiar" (not be one merely
familiar with)
Page 149: "Bibiography" changed to "Bibliography"
Page 160: "tibiæ" changed to "tibiae" and "fibulæ" changed
to "fibulae" for consistency.