Force Technical Report 5915, (Wright Patterson AFB, OH: Wright Air
Development Center, 1949) and Maj. John P. Stapp, _Part II. The Aft
Facing Position and the Development of a Crash Harness_, Air Force
Technical Report 5915 (Wright Patterson AFB, OH: Wright Air Development
Center, 1951).
[62] _High Altitude Balloon Dummy Drops, Part II_, 6.
[63] Signed, sworn statement of Joseph W. Kittinger, Jr., Col., USAF
(Ret).
[64] ibid.
[65] Alderson Research Laboratories, Inc., “Instructions for Operation
and Maintenance, Model F-95 Anthropomorphic Test Dummies,” May 3,
1956, 1, and Glenn Richards, retired Balloon Branch Instrumentation
Specialist, telephone interview with Capt. James McAndrew, September 5,
1995.
[66] Alderson Research Laboratories, Inc., “Instructions for Operation
and Maintenance, Model F-95 Anthropomorphic Test Dummies,” May 3,
1956, 1, and Ronald G. Hansen, Lt. Col. USAR, (Ret), Balloon Recovery
Helicopter Pilot, telephone interview with 1st Lt. James McAndrew, May
1, 1995.
[67] _High Altitude Balloon Dummy Drops, Part I_, 7–8.
[68] Blankenship.
[69] ibid.
[70] _The Beverly Hills Citizen_, March 12, 1956, 7.
[71] Research Division, College of Engineering, New York University,
_Special Report No. 1, Constant Level Balloon_, May 1947, 20–22.
[72] Research Division, College of Engineering, New York University,
Technical Report No. 93.03, _Constant Level Balloons, Operations_,
March 1, 1951, 105.
[73] U.S. Air Force Phillips Laboratory, “Phillips Laboratory Space
Experiments Directorate, Balloon, Rocket, and Satellite Capabilities,”
n.d., 33.
[74] Bernard D. Gildenberg, Balloon Branch Meteorologist and Engineer,
interviewed by 1st Lt. James McAndrew, May 28, 1995, and _Contributions
of Balloon Operations 1947–1958_, 73.
[75] ibid.
[76] ibid.
[77] _Contributions of Balloon Operations 1947–1958_, 73.
[78] “Flight Summary, Non-Extensible Balloon Operations, 6580th Test
Squadron (Special), June 1950 to October 1954,” 22–24.
[79] _Contributions of Balloon Operations 1947–1958_, 73–74.
[80] Lt. Col. David G. Simons (MC), _Stratosphere Balloon Techniques
for Exposing Living Specimens to Primary Cosmic Ray Particles_,
Holloman Air Development Center TR 54-16, November 1954, 10–11.
[81] “Flight Summary Non-Extensible Balloon Operations 6580th
Test Squadron (Special), June 1950 to October 1954,” 1–31, and
_Contributions of Balloon Operations 1947–1958_, 24.
[82] “Flight Summary Non-Extensible Balloon Operations 6580th Test
Squadron (Special), June 1950 to October 1954,” 4.
[83] Research Division, College of Engineering, New York University,
_Technical Report No. 93.02, Constant Level Balloons_, Section 3,
_Summary of Flights_, July 15, 1949, 32, in Headquarters United States
Air Force, _The Roswell Report: Fact vs. Fiction in the New Mexico
Desert_ (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1995),
Appendix 12.
[84] Holloman Air Development Center, “Test Report on Radar Target
Balloons”, October 31, 1955, Air Force Historical Research Agency,
Maxwell, AFB, AL, Reel # 31811, Frame 1139, and _Contributions of
Balloon Operations 1947–1958_, 40–45.
[85] Kevin C. Ruffner, ed., _Corona: America’s First Satellite Program_
(Washington, D.C.: Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central
Intelligence Agency, 1995), 22.
[86] ibid., 21–22.
[87] Air Force Missile Development Center, “Chronology of Events,”
Sept. 1, 1957-Aug 10, 1962, Air Force Historical Research Agency,
Maxwell, AFB, AL, Reel # 31731, Frame 561, and Flight Records of
Bernard D. Gildenberg, Meteorologist, Holloman AFB Balloon Branch,
October 12, 1956-March 14, 1961.
[88] Flight Summary, DISCOVERER Balloon Flights, March 31, 1960-April
22, 1960, Air Force Historical Research Agency, Maxwell, AFB, AL, Reel#
31811, frame 569.
[89] ibid.
[90] ibid.
[91] Kevin C. Ruffner, ed., _Corona: America’s First Satellite Program_
(Washington, D.C.: Center for the Study of Intelligence, Central
Intelligence Agency, 1995), 21–22.
[92] ibid.
[93] ibid.
[94] Martin Marietta Corporation, “Viking '75, Balloon Launched
Decelerator Test Program Post Flight Report, BLDT Vehicle AV-3,” TR
3720293, 1972, IV-I and Edward J. Kirschner, _Aerospace Balloons; From
Montgolfiere to Space_ (Blue Ridge Summit, Pa.: Aero Publishers, 1985),
64–66.
[95] Martin Marietta Corporation, “Viking '75, Balloon Launched
Decelerator Test Program Post Flight Report, BLDT Vehicle AV-3,” TR
3720293, 1972, IV-I.
[96] Kevin D. Randle and Donald R. Schmitt, _The Truth About the UFO
Crash at Roswell_ (New York: Avon Books, 1994), photograph section.
[97] Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories, “Report on Research,
for the Period July 1965-June 1967”, AFCRL TR-68-0039, November 1967,
150–151.
[98] Gildenberg.
[99] Database of high altitude balloon operations on file at SAF/AAZD
compiled from the following sources: Research Division, College of
Engineering, New York University, _Technical Report No. 93.02, Constant
Level Balloons_, Section 3, _Summary of Flights_, July 15, 1949;
“Flight Summary Non-Extensible Balloon Operations 6580th Test Squadron
(Special), June 1950 to October 1954,” National Archives and Records
Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.,
Accession No. 342-62A-181, box 14/18; Flight Records of Bernard D.
Gildenberg, Meteorologist, Holloman AFB Balloon Branch, October 12,
1956-March 14, 1961; “Summary of Balloon Flights Launched from Holloman
AFB, N.M., 1962 thru 1987”, Space and Missile Command, Test and
Evaluation Unit (SMC/TE, OL-AC) files, Holloman AFB, N.M. Additional
flight data on file (microfilm), U.S. Air Force Phillips Laboratory,
Geophysics Directorate, Hanscom AFB, Mass.
[100] Bernard D. Gildenberg, _Meteorological Aspects of Constant-Level
Balloon Operations in the Southwestern United States_, AFCRL-66-706
(L.G. Hanscom Field, Bedford, MA: Air Force Cambridge Research
Laboratories, October 1966), and Bernard D. Gildenberg, _General
Philosophy and Techniques of Balloon Control_, in Lewis A. Grass, ed.,
_Proceedings, Sixth AFCRL Scientific Balloon Symposium_, AFCRL-70-0543,
(L.G. Hanscom Field, Bedford, Mass.: Air Force Cambridge Research
Laboratories, October 1970).
[101] Blankenship.
[102] ibid.
[103] ibid.
[104] ibid.
[105] ibid.
[106] Joseph Longshore, Balloon Branch Supervisor, telephone interview
with Capt. James McAndrew, August 16, 1995.
[107] Signed sworn statement of James Ragsdale in Ragsdale Productions
Inc., _The Jim Ragsdale Story: A Closer Look at the Roswell Incident_
(Hall Poorbough Press, Inc., 1996), 10–11, and signed sworn statement
of James Ragsdale in Karl T. Pflock, _Roswell in Perspective_
(Washington, D.C.: Fund for UFO Research, 1994), 167.
[108] James Ragsdale, interview with Donald R. Schmitt, January 26,
1993.
[109] _High Altitude Balloon Dummy Drops, Part II_, 17.
[110] _High Altitude Balloon Dummy Drops Part I_, 27–30 and _High
Altitude Balloon Dummy Drops, Part II_, 6, 10–12, 17.
[111] Joseph W. Kittinger, Jr., Col., USAF (Ret), interview with 1st
Lt. James McAndrew, June 23, 1995.
[112] _Contributions of Balloon Operations to Research and Development
at the Air Force Missile Development Center, 1947–1958_, 90, and
_Meteorological Aspects of Constant-Level Balloon Operations in the
Southwestern United States_, 1.
[113] _High Altitude Balloon Dummy Drops Part I_, 24.
[114] Blankenship and Kittinger.
[115] ibid.
[116] Memorandum, subj: Balloon Tracking and Recovery Equipment, n.d.,
National Archives and Records Administration, National Personnel
Records Center, St. Louis, Mo., Accession No. 342-67B-2133, box 65/249,
file 2, “Biophysics Branch-Escape Section, High Altitude Escape
Studies, 7218-71719.”
[117] ibid., and Blankenship.
[118] Charles Berlitz and William L. Moore, _The Roswell Incident_ (New
York: Berkley, 1980), 64, and Don Berliner and Stanton Friedman, _Crash
at Corona_ (New York: Paragon House, 1992), 88.
[119] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Knight interview.
[120] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Maltais interview.
[121] Charles Berlitz and William L. Moore, _The Roswell Incident_ (New
York: Berkley, 1980), 64, and Don Berliner and Stanton Friedman, _Crash
at Corona_ (New York: Paragon House, 1992), 88.
[122] Berliner and Friedman, 89.
[123] Mark Rodeghier and Fred Whiting, _The Plains of San Agustin
Controversy, July, 1947: Gerald Anderson, Barney Barnett, and the
Archaeologists_, Introduction (Chicago, IL, Washington, D.C.: J. Allen
Hynek Center for UFO Studies and The Fund for UFO Research, June 1992),
2.
[124] ibid.
[125] Kevin D. Randle, Donald R. Schmitt, and Thomas J. Carey, _Gerald
Anderson and the Plains of San Agustin, in The Plains of San Agustin
Controversy, July, 1947: Gerald Anderson, Barney Barnett, and the
Archaeologists_ (Chicago, IL, Washington, D.C.: J. Allen Hynek Center
for UFO Studies, and The Fund for UFO Research, June 1992), 19.
[126] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[127] Berliner and Friedman, 90.
[128] ibid., 91.
[129] Gerald F. Anderson, interview with Kevin D. Randle, February 4,
1990, in _The Plains of San Agustin Controversy, July, 1947: Gerald
Anderson, Barney Barnett, and the Archaeologists_ (Chicago, IL,
Washington, D.C.: J. Allen Hynek Center for UFO Studies and The Fund
for UFO Research, June 1992), 59.
[130] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[131] ibid.
[132] ibid.
[133] ibid.
[134] ibid.
[135] Blankenship and Kittinger.
[136] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[137] “Sierra Sam: Scientific Whipping Boy,” _Machine Design_, December
22, 1960 and “Dummy Takes a Beating for Science’s Sake,” _Aviation
Week_, January 12, 1953.
[138] Ragsdale.
[139] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[140] Alderson Research Laboratories Inc., “Modular Series
Anthropomorphic Test Dummies,” Alderson Research Laboratories Inc.,
June 1955), 5.
[141] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[142] ibid.
[143] Signed, sworn statement of Raymond A. Madson, Lt. Col., USAF
(Ret).
[144] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[145] _High Altitude Balloon Dummy Drops, Part I_, 22.
[146] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[147] _High Altitude Balloon Dummy Drops, Part I_, 9, and _High
Altitude Balloon Dummy Drops, Part II_, 8.
[148] Berliner and Friedman, 91.
[149] ibid., 92–94.
[150] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[151] ibid.
[152] Memorandum, subject: Balloon Tracking and Recovery Equipment,
n.d., National Archives and Records Administration, National Personnel
Records Center, St. Louis, Mo., Accession No. 342-67B-2133, box 65/249,
file 2, “Biophysics Branch-Escape Section, High Altitude Escape
Studies, 7218-71719,” and _High Altitude Balloon Dummy Drops, Part I_,
17, and “Weekly Test Status Report on Project 7218, Manned Balloon
Flights, (MX-1450B)”, for Week Ending 28 February 1955, National
Archives and Records Administration, National Personnel Records Center,
St. Louis, Mo., Accession No. 342-66A-181, Box 14/18.
[153] Kittinger and Historical Branch, Office of Information Services,
Air Research and Development Command, _History of Flight Support
Holloman Air Development Center 1946–1957_ (Holloman AFB, N.M.:
Holloman Air Development Center, 1957), 101.
[154] Blankenship.
[155] Berliner and Friedman, 106.
[156] Bernard D. Gildenberg, _Techniques Developed for Heavy Load
Non-Extensible Balloon Flights_, Report No. HADC-TN-54-3 (Holloman AFB,
NM: Holloman Air Development Center, March 1954), 7.
[157] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[158] Blankenship and Ole Jorgeson, MSgt., USAF, (Ret), Balloon Branch
Communications Supervisor, interview with 1st Lt. James McAndrew, May
28, 1995.
[159] ibid.
[160] Berliner and Friedman, 107.
[161] ibid.
[162] Blankenship.
[163] Berliner and Friedman, 106.
[164] Blankenship.
[165] Signed sworn statement of James Ragsdale in, Ragsdale Productions
Inc., _The Jim Ragsdale Story: A Closer Look at the Roswell Incident_
(Hall Poorbough Press, Inc., 1996), 10–11, and signed sworn statement
of James Ragsdale in Karl T. Pflock, _Roswell in Perspective_
(Washington, D.C.: Fund for UFO Research, 1994), 167.
[166] Ragsdale.
[167] Frank J. Kaufman, interview with Kevin Randle and Donald Schmitt,
January 27, 1990.
[168] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[169] Ragsdale.
[170] ibid.
[171] Berliner and Friedman, 92.
[172] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Maltais interview.
[173] ibid., Knight interview.
[174] ibid., Anderson interview.
[175] ibid., Maltais interview.
[176] ibid.
[177] ibid., Anderson interview.
[178] Ragsdale.
[179] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[180] ibid., Maltais interview.
[181] ibid., Anderson interview.
[182] ibid.
[183] ibid., Maltais interview.
[184] ibid., Anderson interview.
[185] Charles Berlitz and William L. Moore, _The Roswell Incident_ (New
York: Berkley, 1980), 61.
[186] Berliner and Friedman, 92.
[187] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[188] Berliner and Friedman, 91.
[189] ibid.
[190] ibid., 92.
[191] ibid., 91.
[192] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Maltais interview.
[193] Berliner and Friedman, 93.
[194] ibid., 93–94.
[195] ibid., 92.
[196] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[197] Berliner and Friedman, 106.
[198] Ragsdale.
[199] ibid.
[200] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[201] ibid.
[202] Ragsdale.
[203] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[204] ibid.
[205] ibid.
[206] Berliner and Friedman, 106.
[207] Ragsdale.
[208] Berliner and Friedman, 107.
[209] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[210] ibid.
[211] Ragsdale.
[212] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[213] Ragsdale.
[214] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[215] Ragsdale.
[216] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Anderson interview.
[217] ibid.
[218] Berliner and Friedman, 107.
Notes - Section Two
[1] Karl T. Pflock, “Star Witness: The Mortician of Roswell Breaks His
Code of Silence,” _Omni_, Fall 1995, 103.
[2] Don Berliner and Stanton T. Friedman, _Crash at Corona_ (New York:
Paragon House, 1992), 117, 120, and W. Glenn Dennis, interview with
Karl T. Pflock, November 2, 1992, 18–19.
[3] Video, _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, W. Glenn Dennis
interview (Washington, D.C.: Fund for UFO Research, 1993) (hereafter
_Recollections of Roswell, Part II_).
[4] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, W. Glenn Dennis interview.
[5] ibid.
[6] ibid.
[7] ibid.
[8] ibid., and W. Glenn Dennis, interview with Karl T. Pflock, November
2, 1992, and Karl T. Pflock, “Star Witness: The Mortician of Roswell
Breaks His Code of Silence,” _Omni_, Fall 1995, 103.
[9] Karl T. Pflock, “Star Witness: The Mortician of Roswell Breaks His
Code of Silence,” _Omni_, Fall 1995, 103.
[10] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, W. Glenn Dennis interview.
[11] ibid.
[12] ibid.
[13] Don Berliner and Stanton T. Friedman, _Crash at Corona_ (New York:
Paragon House, 1992), 120, and W. Glenn Dennis, interview with Karl T.
Pflock, November 2, 1992.
[14] Karl T. Pflock, “Star Witness: The Mortician of Roswell Breaks His
Code of Silence,” _Omni_, Fall 1995, 103.
[15] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, W. Glenn Dennis interview.
[16] Don Berliner and Stanton T. Friedman, _Crash at Corona_ (New York:
Paragon House, 1992), 117.
[17] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, W. Glenn Dennis interview.
[18] ibid.
[19] ibid.
[20] ibid.
[21] W. Glenn Dennis, interview with Stanton T. Friedman, August 5,
1989.
[22] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, W. Glenn Dennis interview.
[23] W. Glenn Dennis, interview with Karl T. Pflock, November 2, 1992.
[24] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, W. Glenn Dennis interview.
[25] W. Glenn Dennis, interview with Karl T. Pflock, November 2, 1992.
[26] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, W. Glenn Dennis interview.
[27] ibid.
[28] ibid.
[29] Don Berliner and Stanton T. Friedman, _Crash at Corona_ (New York:
Paragon House, 1992), 119, and Karl T. Pflock, “Star Witness: The
Mortician of Roswell Breaks His Code of Silence,” _Omni_, Fall 1995,
105.
[30] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, W. Glenn Dennis interview.
[31] ibid.
[32] W. Glenn Dennis, interview with Karl T. Pflock, November 2, 1992.
[33] ibid.
[34] Karl T. Pflock, “Star Witness: The Mortician of Roswell Breaks
His Code of Silence,” _Omni_, Fall 1995, 105, and W. Glenn Dennis,
interview with Karl T. Pflock, November 2, 1992.
[35] Karl T. Pflock, “Star Witness: The Mortician of Roswell Breaks His
Code of Silence,” _Omni_, Fall 1995, 105.
[36] W. Glenn Dennis, interview with Stanton T. Friedman, August 5,
1989.
[37] ibid.
[38] Don Berliner and Stanton T. Friedman, _Crash at Corona_ (New York:
Paragon House, 1992), 119.
[39] Headquarters United States Air Force, _The Roswell Report:
Fact vs. Fiction in the New Mexico Desert_ (Washington, D.C.: U.S.
Government Printing Office, 1995), Attachment 32, “Synopsis of Balloon
Research Findings by 1st Lt. James McAndrew”.
[40] 427th AAFBU Sq “M” Morning Reports, July 8–9, 1947, National
Archives and Records Administration, National Personnel Records Center,
St. Louis, Mo.
[41] Personnel record of 1st Lt. Angele A. (LaRue) Thessing, National
Archives and Records Administration, National Personnel Records Center,
St. Louis, Mo.
[42] ibid.
[43] Personnel records of Capt. Joyce Goddard, 1st Lt. Rosemary J.
Brown, 1st Lt. Eileen M. Fanton, 1st Lt. Angele A. LaRue, 1st Lt.
Claudia Uebele, National Archives and Records Administration, National
Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[44] Karl T. Pflock, “Star Witness: The Mortician of Roswell Breaks
His Code of Silence,” _Omni_, Fall 1995, 132, and W. Glenn Dennis,
interview with Stanton T. Friedman, August 5, 1989.
[45] Paul McCarthy, “The Case of the Vanishing Nurses,” _Omni_, Fall
1995, 107–114.
[46] WD AGO FORM 66, “Officer’s Qualification Record,” Personnel
Record of Capt. Eileen M. Fanton, National Archives and Records
Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[47] DD Form 214, “Armed Forces of the United States Report of
Transfer or Discharge”, April 30, 1958, Personnel file of Capt. Eileen
M. Fanton, National Archives and Records Administration, National
Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[48] Karl T. Pflock, “Star Witness: The Mortician of Roswell Breaks His
Code of Silence,” _Omni_, Fall 1995, 132.
[49] WD AGO FORM 66, “Officer’s Qualification Record,” and WD AGO FORM
66-3, “AAF Medical Dep’t Officer’s Qualification Record,” Personnel
Record of Capt. Eileen M. Fanton, National Archives and Records
Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[50] W. Glenn Dennis, interview with Karl T. Pflock, November 2, 1992.
[51] WD AGO FORM 66-3, “AAF Medical Dep’t Officer’s Qualification
Record,” Personnel Record of Capt. Eileen M. Fanton, National Archives
and Records Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St.
Louis, Mo.
[52] Karl T. Pflock, “Star Witness: The Mortician of Roswell Breaks His
Code of Silence,” _Omni_, Fall 1995, 104 and W. Glenn Dennis, interview
with Karl T. Pflock, November 2, 1992, 11, 15.
[53] WD AGO FORM 66, “Officer’s Qualification Record,” Personnel
Record of Capt. Eileen M. Fanton, National Archives and Records
Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[54] ibid.
[55] WD MD FORM 55A, “Clinical Record Brief,” September 5, 1947, and WD
AGO FORM 8-38, “Special Examination or Additional Data,” September 11,
1947, Personnel Record of Capt. Eileen M. Fanton, National Archives and
Records Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis,
Mo.
[56] ibid, and Physical Examination Board Proceedings, Capt. Eileen M.
Fanton, August 24, 1955, Personnel Record of Capt. Eileen M. Fanton,
National Archives and Records Administration, National Personnel
Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[57] W. Glenn Dennis, interview with Stanton T. Friedman, August 5,
1989, and W. Glenn Dennis, interview with Karl T. Pflock, November 2,
1992.
[58] W. Glenn Dennis, interview with Stanton T. Friedman, August 5,
1989.
[59] ibid.
[60] Roster of Officers, 6th Bomb Wing, Walker AFB, N.M., December
30, 1952, “History of the 6th Bomb Wing, December 1952,” Air Force
Historical Research Center, Maxwell AFB, AL.
[61] ibid.
[62] Dr. Frank B. Nordstrom, interview with Capt. James McAndrew, April
25, 1996, and Dr. Frank B. Nordstrom, Signed Sworn Statement, April 25,
1996.
[63] Charles E. Clouthier, Signed Sworn Statement, April 26, 1996.
[64] ibid.
[65] J.P. Cahn, “Flying Saucers and the Mysterious Little Green Men,”
_True_ 31, No. 184, (September 1952), 19.
[66] ibid., 103.
[67] ibid., 19.
[68] J.P. Cahn, “Flying Saucer Swindlers,” _True_ 36, No. 231, (August
1956), 36.
[69] ibid., 36.
[70] J.P. Cahn, “Flying Saucers and the Mysterious Little Green Men,”
_True_ 31, No. 184, (September 1952), 110.
[71] ibid.
[72] “4 Rank Titles Change,” _Air Force Times_, March 29, 1952, 1, 22.
[73] Alan L. Gropman, _The Air Force Integrates, 1945–1964_
(Washington, D.C.: Office of Air Force History, 1985), 243.
[74] Don Berliner and Stanton T. Friedman, _Crash at Corona_ (New York:
Paragon House, 1992), 117.
[75] WD AGO FORM 66, “Officer’s Qualification Record,” and AF FORM 11,
“Officer Military Record,” Personnel Record of Col. Lee F. Ferrell,
National Archives and Records Administration, National Personnel
Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[76] ibid.
[77] Karl T. Pflock, “Star Witness: The Mortician of Roswell Breaks
His Code of Silence,” _Omni_, Fall 1995, 105, and W. Glenn Dennis,
interview with Karl T. Pflock, November 2, 1992.
[78] Karl T. Pflock, “Star Witness: The Mortician of Roswell Breaks His
Code of Silence,” _Omni_, Fall 1995, 105.
[79] Karl T. Pflock, “Star Witness: The Mortician of Roswell Breaks
His Code of Silence,” _Omni_, Fall 1995, 105, and W. Glenn Dennis,
interview with Karl T. Pflock, November 2, 1992.
[80] W. Glenn Dennis, interview with Karl T. Pflock, November 2, 1992.
[81] ibid.
[82] ibid.
[83] 427th AAFBU Sq. “M” Morning Reports, July 1–31, 1947, National
Archives and Records Administration, National Personnel Records Center,
St. Louis, Mo.
[84] WD AGO FORM 1, “Morning Report,” 427th AAFBU Sq. “M,” April
1, 1947 through October 1, 1947, and WD AGO FORM 66, “Officer’s
Qualification Record,” Personnel Record of Capt. Joyce Goddard,
National Archives and Records Administration, National Personnel
Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[85] WD AGO FORM 66, “Officer’s Qualification Record,” Personnel Record
of Capt. Joyce Goddard, National Archives and Records Administration,
National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[86] WD AGO FORM 1, “Morning Report,” 427th AAFBU, Sq. “M,” August 7,
1947, National Archives and Records Administration, National Personnel
Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[87] ibid., and WD AGO FORM 66, “Officer’s Qualification Record,”
Personnel Record of Capt. Lucille C. Slattery, National Archives and
Records Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis,
Mo.
[88] Ethel Kovatch-Scott, Col., USAF (Ret), telephone interview with
Capt. James McAndrew, May 5, 1995 and July 3, 1996, and Mary Hoadley,
Lt. Col., USAF (Ret), telephone interview with 1st Lt. James McAndrew,
May 5, 1995, and Mary L. Wiggins, Maj., USAF (Ret), telephone interview
with 1st Lt. James McAndrew, May 5, 1995.
[89] ibid.
[90] WD AGO FORM 66, “Officer’s Qualification Record,” Personnel
Record of Capt. Lucille C. Slattery, National Archives and Records
Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[91] WD AGO FORM 1, “Morning Report,” 427th AAFBU, Sq. “M,” 509th
Station Medical Group, 509th Medical Group, 509th Medical Squadron,
January 1947 through February 1952, National Archives and Records
Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
and Rosters of Officers, 509th Bomb Wing- February 1952 through July
1958, 6th Bomb Wing- February 1952 through March 1967, and AF FORM 11,
“Officer Military Record,” Personnel Record of Maj. Idabelle M. Wilson,
National Archives and Records Administration, National Personnel
Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[92] AF FORM 11, “Officer Military Record,” Personnel Record of Maj.
Idabelle M. Wilson, National Archives and Records Administration,
National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[93] ibid.
[94] Idabelle M. Wilson, Maj., USAF, (Ret), telephone interview with
1st Lt. James McAndrew, April 28, 1995.
[95] ibid.
[96] Memo: Jack A. Comstock, Maj. (MC), Surgeon, 509th Station Medical
Group, to Major Robert W. Schick, Investigating Officer, Headquarters,
USAF, subj: Investigation of B-29 Crash, 18 August 1948, Aircraft
Accident No. 48-8-12, Aircraft #44-86383, Air Force Historical Research
Agency, Maxwell AFB, AL. and WD AGO Form 8-33, “Clinical Record Brief,”
12 August 1948, Personnel records of Air Force members, service
numbers AF 18041408 and AF 16191866, National Archives and Records
Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[97] ibid.
[98] ibid.
[99] WD AGO Form 8-33, “Clinical Record Brief,” 16 May 1949, Personnel
records of Air Force members, service numbers AO 827137 and AF
42050093, National Archives and Records Administration, National
Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[100] WD AGO Form 5-4, “Individual Crash Fire Report,” 20 May 1949,
Aircraft Accident No. 49-5-16, Aircraft #43-48401, Air Force Historical
Research Agency, Maxwell AFB, AL.
[101] WD AGO Form 8-33, “Clinical Record Brief,” 16 May 1949,
Personnel records of Air Force members, service numbers AO 827137 and
AF 42050093, National Archives and Records Administration, National
Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[102] WD AGO Form 5-4, “Individual Crash Fire Report,” 19 December
1949, Aircraft Accident No. 49-12-15-2, Air Force Historical Research
Agency, Maxwell AFB, AL.
[103] WD AGO Form 8-33, “Clinical Record Brief,” 19 December 1949,
and “Autopsy Report,” Personnel records of Air Force members, service
numbers 17343A, AF 11101085, and 15239923, National Archives and
Records Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis,
Mo.
[104] ibid.
[105] WD AGO Form 8-33, “Clinical Record Brief,” 1 June 1950,
Personnel records of Air Force members, service numbers AO 685565 and
AF 32668639, National Archives and Records Administration, National
Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[106] ibid.
[107] ibid.
[108] Standard form 503, “Autopsy Protocol,” June 16, 1955 of Air Force
members, service numbers AO 3006516 and AO 3004607, Aircraft Accident
No. 55-6-16-6, Air Force Historical Research Agency, Maxwell AFB, AL.
[109] DD Form 481-3, “Clinical Record Cover Sheet,” June 16, 1955,
Personnel Records of Air Force members, service numbers AO 3006516 and
AO 3004607, National Archives and Records Administration, National
Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[110] Standard form 503, “Autopsy Protocol,” June 16, 1955, of Air
Force members, service numbers AO 3006516 and AO 3004607, Aircraft
Accident No. 55-6-16-6, Air Force Historical Research Agency, Maxwell
AFB, AL.
[111] Air Force Form 14b, “Medical Report of an Individual Involved in
AF Aircraft Accident,” 3 October 1955, Aircraft Accident No. 55-10-3-6,
Air Force Historical Research Agency, Maxwell AFB, AL.
[112] Official Trip Report Walker AFB, N.M. October 4, thru October
7, 1955, George Schwaderer, Identification Specialist to MCTSG,
October 12, 1955, Accession No. 342-65A-6025, Box 25/28, folder Trip
Rpts., Search & Ident: Mar 56 to Dec 56. Trip #198 to 234, National
Archives and Records Administration, National Personnel Records
Center, St. Louis, Mo., and AF Form 715, “Preparation Room History,”
4 October 1955, Personnel Record of Air Force member, service number
1521B/2009467, National Archives and Records Administration, National
Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[113] Air Force Form 14b, “Medical Report of an Individual Involved in
AF Aircraft Accident,” 3 October 1955, Aircraft Accident No. 55-10-3-6,
Air Force Historical Research Agency, Maxwell AFB, AL.
[114] Standard form 503, “Autopsy Protocol,” June 27, 1956, Personnel
Record of Air Force members, service numbers AO 2223861 and AF
37578524, National Archives and Records Administration, National
Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[115] Official Trip Report Walker AFB, N.M. 27 June through 30 June
1956, George Schwaderer, Identification Specialist to Thomas W. Toy,
Chief Memorial Affairs Branch, Air Force Services Division, Accession
No. 342-65A-6025, Box 25/28, folder Trip Rpts., Search & Ident:
Mar 56 to Dec 56. Trip #198 to 234, National Archives and Records
Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[116] Standard form 503, “Autopsy Protocol,” June 27, 1956, Personnel
Record of Air Force members, service numbers AO 2223861 and AF
37578524, National Archives and Records Administration, National
Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo., and Air Force Form 14b,
“Medical Report of an Individual Involved in AF Aircraft Accident,”
June 26, 1956, Headquarters Air Force Safety Agency, Kirtland AFB, N.M.
[117] AF Form 697, “Identification Findings and Conclusions,” 3 Feb
1960, Personnel Records of Air Force members, service numbers AO 794152
and 1046844, National Archives and Records Administration, National
Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[118] ibid.
[119] ibid.
[120] Charles A. Ravenstein, _Air Force Combat Wings; Lineage and
Honors Histories, 1947–1977_ (Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Printing
Office, 1984), 16, 275–276.
[121] Air Force Form 14, “Report of Air Force Aircraft Accident,” June
26, 1956, Headquarters Air Force Safety Agency, Kirtland AFB, N.M.
[122] ibid.
[123] ibid.
[124] ibid.
[125] ibid.
[126] Official Trip Report Walker AFB, N.M. 27 June through 30 June
1956, George Schwaderer, Identification Specialist to Thomas W. Toy,
Chief Memorial Affairs Branch, Air Force Services Division, Accession
No. 342-65A-6025, Box 25/28, folder Trip Rpts., Search & Ident:
Mar 56 to Dec 56. Trip #198 to 234, National Archives and Records
Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[127] ibid.
[128] Jack L. Whenry, Maj., USAF, (Ret), telephone interview with 1st
Lt. James McAndrew, January 26, 1995, and John C. Walter, MSgt., USAF
(Ret), telephone interview with Capt. James McAndrew, June 29, 1995 and
July 12, 1996.
[129] ibid.
[130] Official Trip Report Walker AFB, N.M. 27 June through 30 June
1956, George Schwaderer, Identification Specialist to Thomas W. Toy,
Chief Memorial Affairs Branch, Air Force Services Division, Accession
No. 342-65A-6025, Box 25/28, folder Trip Rpts., Search & Ident:
Mar 56 to Dec 56. Trip #198 to 234, National Archives and Records
Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[131] ibid.
[132] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, W. Glenn Dennis interview,
and Karl T. Pflock, “Star Witness: The Mortician of Roswell Breaks His
Code of Silence,” _Omni_, Fall 1995, 104.
[133] DD Form 481-3, “Clinical Record Cover Sheet,” June 26, 1956,
Personnel Record of AF 37578524, National Archives and Records
Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[134] Whenry, Walters, and Air Force Manual 143-1, 1 November 1953,
“Mortuary Affairs,” 28, Record Group 341, Entry 36, Box 13, Microfilm
Reel 167, National Archives and Record Administration, College Park, Md.
[135] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, W. Glenn Dennis interview.
[136] Standard form 503, “Autopsy Protocol,” June 27, 1956, Personnel
Record of Air Force members, service numbers AO 2223861 and AF
37578524, National Archives and Records Administration, National
Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[137] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, W. Glenn Dennis interview.
[138] Standard form 503, “Autopsy Protocol,” June 27, 1956, Personnel
Record of Air Force member, service number AF 37578524, National
Archives and Records Administration, National Personnel Records Center,
St. Louis, Mo.
[139] ibid.
[140] ibid.
[141] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, W. Glenn Dennis interview.
[142] Standard form 503, “Autopsy Protocol,” June 27, 1956, Personnel
Record of Air Force members, service numbers AO 2223861 and AF
37578524, National Archives and Records Administration, National
Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo., and Air Force Form 14b,
“Medical Report of an Individual Involved in AF Aircraft Accident,”
June 26, 1956, Headquarters Air Force Safety Agency, Kirtland AFB, N.M.
[143] DD Form 481-3, “Clinical Record Cover Sheet,” June 26, 1956,
Personnel Record of Air Force members, service numbers AO 2223861 and
AF 37578524, National Archives and Records Administration, National
Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[144] Karl T. Pflock, “Star Witness: The Mortician of Roswell Breaks
His Code of Silence,” _Omni_, Fall 1995, 108.
[145] Official Trip Report Walker AFB, N.M. October 4, thru October 7,
1955, George Schwaderer, Identification Specialist to MCTSG, October
12, 1955, Accession No. 342-65A-6025, Box 25/28, folder Trip Rpts.,
Search & Ident: Mar 56 to Dec 56. Trip #198 to 234, National Archives
and Records Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St.
Louis, Mo., and AF Form 697, “Identification Findings and Conclusions,”
3 Feb 1960, Personnel Records of Air Force members, service numbers
AO 794152 and 1046844, National Archives and Records Administration,
National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[146] Air Force Manual 143-1, 1 November 1953, “Mortuary Affairs,”
28–29, Accession No. 341, Entry 36, Box 13, Microfilm Reel 167,
National Archives and Record Administration, College Park, Md.
[147] Official Trip Report—Walker AFB, N.M. 27 June through 30 June
1956, George J. Schwaderer, Identification Specialist, to Thomas
W. Toy, Chief Memorial Affairs Branch, July 5, 1956, Accession No.
342-65A-6025, Box 25/28, folder Trip Rpts., Search & Ident: Mar 56 to
Dec 56. Trip #198 to 234, National Archives and Records Administration,
National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo., and Jack L. Whenry,
Maj., USAF, (Ret), telephone interview with 1st Lt. James McAndrew,
January 26, 1995, and John C. Walter, MSgt., USAF (Ret), telephone
interview with Capt. James McAndrew, June 29, 1995 and July 12, 1996.
[148] Walter and Whenry.
[149] ibid.
[150] WD AGO FORM 66, “Officer’s Qualification Record,” and AF FORM 11,
“Officer Military Record,” Personnel Record of Col. Lee F. Ferrell,
National Archives and Records Administration, National Personnel
Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[151] “Air Force Care of Deceased Personnel (1951–1959), Volume
1: Text”, Historical Study No. 236, Call No. K 201-326, Air Force
Historical Research Agency, Maxwell AFB, AL.
[152] Air Force Manual 143-1, 1 November 1953, “Mortuary Affairs,”
27, Accession No. 341, Entry 36, Box 13, Microfilm Reel 167, National
Archives and Record Administration, College Park, Md.
[153] Official Trip Report Walker AFB, N.M. 27 June through 30 June
1956, George Schwaderer, Identification Specialist to Thomas W. Toy,
Chief Memorial Affairs Branch, Air Force Services Division, July 5,
1956 and Official Trip Report Walker AFB, N.M. October 4, thru October
7, 1955, George Schwaderer, Identification Specialist to MCTSG, October
12, 1955, Accession No. 342-65A-6025, Box 25/28, folder Trip Rpts.,
Search & Ident: Mar 56 to Dec 56. Trip #198 to 234, National Archives
and Records Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St.
Louis, Mo.
[154] Official Trip Report Walker AFB, N.M. 27 June through 30 June
1956, George Schwaderer, Identification Specialist to Thomas W. Toy,
Chief Memorial Affairs Branch, Air Force Services Division, July 5,
1956, Accession No. 342-65A-6025, Box 25/28, folder Trip Rpts., Search
& Ident: Mar 56 to Dec 56. Trip #198 to 234, National Archives and
Records Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis,
Mo.
[155] George J. Schwaderer, telephone interview with Capt. James
McAndrew, June 28, 1996.
[156] ibid.
[157] Air Force Manual 143-1, 1 November 1953, “Mortuary Affairs,”
27, Accession No. 341, Entry 36, Box 13, Microfilm Reel 167, National
Archives and Record Administration, College Park, Md.
[158] Karl T. Pflock, “Star Witness: The Mortician of Roswell Breaks
His Code of Silence,” _Omni_, Fall 1995, 104.
[159] Memo, Charles J. Stahl, M.D., Armed Forces Medical Examiner,
to Capt. James McAndrew, SAF/AAZD, subj: Request for Information on
Aircraft Crash Fatalities, October 13, 1995.
[160] Unit history, 4036 USAF Hospital, Walker AFB, N.M., June 1956, 6,
Air Force Historical Research Agency, Maxwell AFB, AL.
[161] ibid.
[162] Standard form 503, “Autopsy Protocol,” June 27, 1956, Personnel
Record of of Air Force members, service numbers AO 2223861 and AF
37578524, National Archives and Records Administration, National
Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[163] Air Force Missile Development Center, _MAN-HIGH I_, MDC-TR-59-24,
1959, and Lt. Col. David G. Simons, _MAN HIGH II_, Air Force Missile
Development Center, Holloman AFB, N.M., AFMDC-TR-59-28, June 1959, 1,
and Air Force Missile Development Center, _MAN HIGH III_, MDC-TR-60-16,
1961.
[164] Historical Branch, Office of Information Services, Air Force
Missile Development Center, Air Research and Development Command,
Holloman AFB, N.M., _Contributions of Balloon Operations to Research
and Development at the Air Force Missile Development Center Holloman
Air Force Base, N. Mex. 1947–1958_ (hereafter _Contributions of Balloon
Operations 1947–1958_), 11.
[165] ibid., and Air Force Missile Development Center FORM 597,
Schedule Request- Project 7222/4.2- “Manned Gondola Flight,” May 19,
20, 22, 1959, Accession No. 342-65B-3185, Box 4/22, National Archives
and Records Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St.
Louis, Mo.
[166] DD FORM 481-3, “Clinical Record Cover Sheet,” May 21, 1959,
Personnel Record of Capt. Dan D. Fulgham, National Archives and Records
Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.,
and Air Force Missile Development Center FORM 597, Schedule Request-
Project 7222/4.2- “Manned Gondola Flight,” May 20, 1959, Accession No.
342-65B-3185, Box 4/22, National Archives and Records Administration,
National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[167] DD Form 613, R&D Progress Card, Project 7164, “Physiology of
Flight,” Task 71840, “Life Supporting Systems for Advanced Vehicles,”
February 24, 1959, 30–31, National Archives and Record Administration
Accession No. 342-75-095, Box 93/100, folder 1, and Technical “R&D”
Record Book, Aeromedical Laboratory, Physiology Branch, “Life Support
System for Orbital Flight,” Project 7164, Task 71840, 13–16, National
Archives and Record Administration, National Personnel Records Center,
St. Louis, Mo. Accession No. 342-75-095, Box 93/100, folder 2.
[168] Air Force Form 77, “USAF Officer Effectiveness Report, 1 Feb
58 to 31 Jan 59, Personnel Record of Capt. Joseph W. Kittinger, Jr.,
National Archives and Records Administration, National Personnel
Records Center, St. Louis, Mo., and Capt. Joseph W. Kittinger, Jr.,
_The Long, Lonely Leap_, (New York: E.P. Dutton & Co., Inc., 1961) 131.
[169] Air Force Missile Development Center, _Man-High I_, MDC-TR-59-24,
1959.
[170] Schedule Request- Project 7222/4.2- “Manned Gondola Flight,”
May 19, 20, 22, 1959, Accession No. 342-65B-3185, Box 4/22, National
Archives and Records Administration, National Personnel Records Center,
St. Louis, Mo.
[171] ibid.
[172] Ole Jorgeson, MSgt., USAF, (Ret), interview with 1st Lt. James
McAndrew, May 28, 1995.
[173] Air Force Missile Development Center FORM 597, Schedule
Request- Project 7222/4.2- “Manned Gondola Flight,” May 19, 1959,
Accession No. 342-65B-3185, Box 4/22, National Archives and Records
Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[174] Air Force Missile Development Center FORM 597, Schedule
Request- Project 7222/4.2- “Manned Gondola Flight,” May 20, 1959,
Accession No. 342-65B-3185, Box 4/22.
[175] ibid.
[176] ibid.
[177] ibid., and Joseph W. Kittinger, Jr., Col., USAF (Ret), interview
with 1st Lt. James McAndrew, June 23, 1995.
[178] Kittinger.
[179] ibid.
[180] ibid.
[181] Dan D. Fulgham, Col., USAF, (Ret), interview with 1st Lt. James
McAndrew, May 26, 1995.
[182] ibid. and Standard Form 539, “Abbreviated Clinical Record,” May
21, 1959, Personnel Record of Col. Dan D. Fulgham, National Archives
and Records Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St.
Louis, Mo.
[183] ibid.
[184] Jorgeson and Roland H. Lutz, CMSgt., USAF (Ret), interview with
1st Lt. James McAndrew, May 31, 1995.
[185] ibid.
[186] Fulgham and William C. Kaufman, Lt. Col., USAF, (Ret), interview
with 1st Lt. James McAndrew, May 24, 1995.
[187] ibid.
[188] Jorgeson.
[189] Kaufman.
[190] Signed, sworn statement of Dan D. Fulgham, Col., USAF, (Ret), May
25, 1995.
[191] Kittinger.
[192] ibid.
[193] Video, _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, Gerald Anderson
interview, (Washington, D.C.: Fund for UFO Research, 1993).
[194] Kittinger and Air Force Form 77, “USAF Officer Effectiveness
Report,” 1 Feb 58 to 31 Jan 59, Personnel Record of Col. Joseph W.
Kittinger, Jr., National Archives and Records Administration, National
Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[195] Kittinger.
[196] ibid., and Kaufman.
[197] Kittinger.
[198] ibid.
[199] ibid.
[200] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, W. Glenn Dennis interview.
[201] Signed, sworn statements of Charles A. Coltman, Col. (MC), USAF,
(Ret), Dan D. Fulgham, Col., USAF, (Ret), Joseph W. Kittinger, Jr.,
Col., USAF, (Ret), Roland H. Lutz, CMSgt., USAF, (Ret), Ole Jorgeson,
MSgt., USAF, (Ret), and statement of William C. Kaufman, Lt. Col.,
USAF, (Ret).
[202] Kittinger.
[203] Capt. Joseph W. Kittinger, Jr., _The Long, Lonely Leap_, (New
York: E.P. Dutton & Co., Inc., 1961) 130.
[204] Kittinger.
[205] Signed, sworn statements of Charles A. Coltman, Col. (MC), USAF,
(Ret), Dan D. Fulgham, Col., USAF, (Ret), Joseph W. Kittinger, Jr.,
Col., USAF, (Ret), Roland H. Lutz, CMSgt., USAF, (Ret), Ole Jorgeson,
MSgt., USAF, (Ret), and statement of William C. Kaufman, Lt. Col.,
USAF, (Ret).
[206] Craig D. Ryan, _The Pre-Astronauts_, (Annapolis: Naval Institute
Press, 1995), 200.
[207] Air Force Missile Development Center FORM 597, Schedule
Request- Project 7222/4.2- “Manned Gondola Flight,” May 19, 1959,
Accession No. 342-65B-3185, Box 4/22, National Archives and Records
Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo., and
Memo: Maj. Lawrence M. Bogard, Chief, Balloon Branch, to MDWXB, subj:
Project 7222, 8 May 1959.
[208] ibid., and Jorgeson.
[209] Jorgeson.
[210] ibid.
[211] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, W. Glenn Dennis interview.
[212] ibid.
[213] ibid.
[214] Karl T. Pflock, “Star Witness: The Mortician of Roswell Breaks
His Code of Silence,” _Omni_, Fall 1995, 103.
[215] _Recollections of Roswell, Part II_, W. Glenn Dennis interview.
[216] Jorgeson.
[217] Unit History, 47th Air Division, June 1954, photo section, Air
Force Historical Research Agency, Maxwell AFB, AL.
[218] Unit History, 6th Bomb Wing, June 1959, Annex “N,” “Base Support
Plan, Medical,” June 1, 1959.
[219] Charles A. Ravenstein, _Air Force Combat Wings; Lineage and
Honors Histories, 1947–1977_ (Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Printing
Office, 1984), 16.
[220] Kaufman.
[221] ibid.
[222] Roland H. Lutz, CMSgt., USAF, (Ret), interview with 1st Lt. James
McAndrew, May 31, 1995.
[223] Fulgham.
[224] Kittinger.
[225] ibid.
[226] ibid.
[227] ibid., and ltr., Dr. J. Allen Hynek, Director, Dearborn
Observatory, Northwestern University, to Maj. Hector Quintanilla, Chief
Aerial Phenomena Branch, December 6, 1965, National Air Intelligence
Center historical files, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH.
[228] Kevin D. Randle and Donald R. Schmitt, _The Truth About the UFO
Crash at Roswell_ (New York: Avon Books, 1994), 22.
[229] Standard Form 539, “Abbreviated Clinical Record,” May 21, 1959,
Personnel Record of Col. Dan D. Fulgham, National Archives and Records
Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[230] Fulgham.
[231] Kittinger.
[232] ibid.
[233] Kaufman.
[234] DD Form 640, “Nursing Notes,” May 24, 1959, and DD Form 728,
“Doctor’s Orders,” May 22, 1959, Personnel Record of Col. Dan D.
Fulgham, National Archives and Records Administration, National
Personnel Records Center, St. Louis, Mo.
[235] Kittinger, Kaufman, and DD Form 728 “Doctor’s Orders,” May 22,
1959, Personnel Record of Col. Dan D. Fulgham, National Archives and
Records Administration, National Personnel Records Center, St. Louis,
Mo.
[236] ibid.
[237] Kittinger.
[238] ibid.
[239] Fulgham.
Appendix A
[Illustration: Anthropomorphic Dummy Launch and Landing Locations
Source: Test records of U.S. Air Force aeromedical project no.
7218, task 71719 (HIGH DIVE) and project no. 7222, task 71748
(EXCELSIOR).]
High Altitude Balloon Dummy Drops
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Number Date Launch Site Landing Site
----------------------------------------------------------------------
1 6/23/54 Holloman AFB, N.M. Holloman AFB, N.M.
2 6/28/54 Holloman AFB, N.M. Dunkin, N.M.
3 6/30/54 Holloman AFB, N.M. 10 miles Southwest of
Holloman AFB, N.M.
4 12/1/54 Holloman AFB, N.M. Holloman AFB, N.M.
5 12/2/54 Holloman AFB, N.M. 12 miles South of Artesia, N.M.
6 12/6/54 Holloman AFB, N.M. Near Twin Buttes, N.M.
7 12/9/54 Holloman AFB, N.M. 3 miles West of Twin
Buttes, N.M.
8 2/23/55 Holloman AFB, N.M. 28 miles East of Roswell, N.M.
9 3/1/55 Holloman AFB, N.M. 25 miles South of Caprock, N.M.
10 3/3/55 Holloman AFB, N.M. 25 miles East/Northeast of
Roswell, N.M.
11 6/15/55 Holloman AFB, N.M. 5 miles Northwest of
Dunkin, N.M.
12 6/23/55 Holloman AFB, N.M. 35 miles Southwest of
Holloman AFB, N.M.
13 6/29/55 Holloman AFB, N.M. 25 miles West of Three
Rivers, N.M.
14 7/7/55 Holloman AFB, N.M. 13 miles West of Tularosa
Peak, N.M.
15 7/15/55 Holloman AFB, N.M. 15 miles Northeast of
Hatch, N.M.
16 11/17/55 Holloman AFB, N.M. 8 miles Northwest
of Roswell, N.M.
17 11/21/55 Holloman AFB, N.M. Holloman AFB, N.M.
18 1/25/56 Holloman AFB, N.M. Holloman AFB, N.M.
19 2/8/56 Holloman AFB, N.M. 20 miles South of
Roswell, N.M.
20 2/21/56 Holloman AFB, N.M. 20 miles East of Dunkin, N.M.
21 2/21/56 Holloman AFB, N.M. Holloman AFB, N.M.
22 5/18/56 Holloman AFB, N.M. Data Not Available
23 5/22/56 Holloman AFB, N.M. Data Not Available
24 8/21/56 Holloman AFB, N.M. Holloman AFB, N.M.
25 5/16/57 Truth or White Sands Proving
Consequences, N.M. Ground, N.M.
26 5/29/57 Hatch, N.M. 25 miles Northwest of
Las Cruces, N.M.
27 6/4/57 Holloman AFB, N.M. 11 miles North of
Las Cruces, N.M.
28 6/6/57 Holloman AFB, N.M. 17 miles South of
Holloman AFB, N.M.
29 6/7/57 Holloman AFB, N.M. Holloman AFB, N.M.
30 6/11/57 Hatch, N.M. West of San Agustin Pass, N.M.
31 6/13/57 Holloman AFB, N.M. Holloman AFB, N.M.
32 9/27/57 White Sands Natl
Monument
Picnic Area Orogrande, N.M.
33 10/8/57 White Sands Proving 10 miles East of Picacho, N.M.
Ground
34 1/29/58 Data Not Available 20 miles South of
Alamogordo, N.M.
35 1/9/59 Holloman AFB, N.M. White Sands Proving
Ground, N.M.
36 1/14/59 Las Palomas, N.M. 30 miles East/Southeast of
Roswell, N.M.
37 1/30/59 Nutt, N.M. White Sands Proving
Ground, N.M.
38 2/4/59 Holloman AFB, N.M. 1 mile North of Bent, N.M.
39 2/6/59 Lake Valley, N.M. Data Not Available
40 2/10/59 Caballo Dam, N.M. White Sands Proving
Ground, N.M.
41 2/11/59 Hatch, N.M. Data Not Available
42 2/14/59 Data Not Available 30 miles West of
Holloman AFB, N.M.
43 2/16/59 Ft. Craig, N.M. Mescalero Apache Reservation
(N.M.)
Appendix B
STATEMENT OF WITNESS
Date: 26 April 1996 Place: Farmington, NM
I Charles E. Clouthier, hereby state that James McAndrew, was
identified as a Captain, USAFR on this date at my place of
employment do hereby, voluntarily and of my own free will, make the
following statement. This was done without having been subjected to
any coercion, unlawful influence or unlawful inducement.
I was on active duty in the US Air Force and stationed at Walker
AFB, Roswell, NM, from February 1955 until October 1956. During that
time I was a pharmacist assigned to the base hospital. Following
my tour of duty with the Air Force, I returned to my hometown,
Farmington, NM, where I became an employee and eventually a
co-owner of Farmington Drug.
With the exception of the two years in the US Air Force, I have
been a resident of Farmington, NM since 1934. It is my recollection
that Dr Frank B. Nordstrom was the first pediatrician to practice
in the Farmington area and he remained the only pediatrician in
Farmington until approximately 1970. I base these recollections on
extensive professional and personal contacts with physicians in the
Farmington area and as a father of two children who were patients
of Dr Nordstrom’s.
Also based on nearly 40 years of contact with physicians in the
Farmington area, I believe that Dr Nordstrom is the only physician
who served a tour of duty at Walker AFB. During the 1960s, I
became aware that Dr Nordstrom had also served at the Walker AFB
hospital. At various times in the ensuing years. Dr Nordstrom
and I reminisced about our service at Walker AFB. During these
conversations Dr Nordstrom never mentioned any activities during
his tour of duty I considered unusual or that might explain reports
of bodies or aliens. During the time I was stationed at Walker AFB,
I did not witness, nor did I hear rumors, of anything that involved
flying saucers, aliens, or anything else of an extraterrestrial
nature.
I am not part of a conspiracy to withhold information from either
the US government or the American public. There is no classified
information that I am withholding related to this inquiry, and I
have not been threatened by US government persons concerning not
talking about this matter.
SIGNED: Subscribed and sworn before a
person authorized to administer oaths
this 26th day of April 1996 at
Farmington, NM
[Signature] [Signature]
Charles E. Clouthier James McAndrew, Capt, USAFR
WITNESS:
[Signature]
STATEMENT OF WITNESS
Place Date: 25 May 95
I, Charles A. Coltman, Jr., Col, USAF, MC (Ret), hereby state that
James McAndrew was identified as a Lieutenant, USAFR, on this date
at my place of employment and do hereby, voluntarily and of my own
free will, make the following statement. This was done without
having been subjected to any coercion, unlawful influence or
unlawful inducement.
I entered the U.S. Air Force in 1957 as a flight surgeon and was
assigned to Walker AFB, NM, in 1958. Following a residency at Ohio
State University from 1959 to 1963, I was assigned to Wilford Hall
USAF Medical Center, Lackland AFB, TX, where I eventually became
the Chairman of the Department of Medicine. I retired from the Air
Force in 1977. I am presently a Professor at The University of
Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, and Chief Executive
Officer of the Cancer Therapy and Research Foundation of South
Texas.
I remember a balloon crash that happened north of Roswell, NM, in
May, 1959. I received a phone call from the NCOIC of the Flight
Surgeon’s office, who informed me of the crash. The NCOIC, Earl
Wormwood, came to my quarters and we drove, in an old blue Air
Force “crackerbox” ambulance, to the crash site. I remember the
gondola laying on its side and the deflated balloon on the ground.
The crew members were sitting next to the gondola. I examined the
pilots and determined they were not seriously injured. They told me
they were practicing touch-and-go’s and a gust of wind had dumped
them on the ground, and the gondola had struck one of the pilots
in the head. Also present were Air Force technicians in trucks who
tracked the balloon. The injured pilots were transported to the
Flight Surgeon’s office at the hospital at Walker AFB.
The injury sustained by the crew member was a head
abrasion/contusion and a hemotoma. The hemotoma caused the
patient’s head to swell, however, it was not serious enough for
him to be admitted. I remember receiving a call from Col (Dr.)
John Stapp. He was in charge of the balloon project and was quite
famous. Dr Stapp inquired about the injuries to the pilots and he
wanted them returned to Holloman AFB as quickly as possible.
The hospital was an old World War II cantonment-type building with
long corridors and a capacity of fifty beds. I do not recall a
nurse assisting me in the treatment of the patient, although a
nurse may have been on duty and observed the patient. I was the
only doctor in the hospital that morning. There were no visiting
doctors from other bases or facilities. I do not remember any
altercations or arguments that day. During my time at Walker, I do
not recall that any autopsies were performed at the hospital, since
we did not have a pathologist on staff. I do not recall any remains
brought to the hospital in body bags, or wreckage transported in
the back of an ambulance. There may have been remains brought to
the hospital in body bags after a KC-97 crash, but that was before
I arrived at Walker. Dr Ed Bradley was involved in the recovery of
the remains.
At no time was there ever any involvement of the Walker hospital
with UFO’s or “space aliens” I know this to be true because the
hospital was very small and had a small staff. If any activity,
other than normal hospital functions, had occurred, I would have
known about it.
I am not part of any conspiracy to withhold or provide misleading
information to the United States Government or the American public.
There is no classified information that I am withholding related to
this inquiry and I have never been threatened by U.S. Government
persons concerning refraining from talking about this matter.
SIGNED: Sworn to and subscribed before me,
an individual authorized to administer
oaths, this 25th day of May, 1995,
at
[Signature] [Signature]
Charles A. Coltman, Jr., M.D. James McAndrew, 1st Lt, USAFR
WITNESS(s):
[Signature]
STATEMENT OF WITNESS
Place Date: 25 May 95
I, Dan D. Fulgham, Col, USAF (Ret), hereby state that James
McAndrew was identified as a Lieutenant, USAFR on this date at my
place of employment and do hereby, voluntarily and of my own free
will, make the following statement. This was done without having
been subjected to any coercion, unlawful influence or unlawful
inducement.
I entered the U.S. Air Force in 1952 as an aviation cadet. I flew
F-84s on 100 combat missions during the Korean war. After a tour as
a flight instructor I was assigned to the Aero Medical Laboratory
at Wright Patterson. I participated in both the Air Force Man in
Space program and Project Mercury. I also participated in the X-15
and X-20 programs and worked as a bioastronautics officer with NASA
on Gemini. During my Air Force career, I earned both a Master’s and
Doctorate degree from Purdue University. I flew a combat tour in
Southeast Asia in F-4s as a member of the 555th Tactical Fighter
Squadron and flew 133 combat missions. I retired from the Air Force
in 1978 as the Commander of the Human Resources Laboratory at
Brooks AFB, TX. I am presently the Director Of Biosciences for a
research organization in San Antonio, TX.
In 1959 I volunteered for training to become a back up pilot for
Capt Joe Kittenger in his high altitude balloon projects. I flew
two missions for training purposes with Capt Kittenger and Capt
Bill Kaufman from Holloman AFB, NM in May, 1959. On the second
flight we were practicing touch and go landings north of Roswell,
NM when we “crashed” on one of the landings. The gondola flipped
over and my head was pinned to the ground by the lip of the
gondola. We managed to lift the gondola off of my head and looked
it over for damage. Capt Kittenger was bleeding from a cut on his
face and I noticed that my head seemed to be protruding outward
from underneath my helmet. Realizing I was injured, I sat down and
feared I might go into shock. I was not in pain but my entire head
was throbbing and began to swell.
I then remember boarding the “chase” helicopter that was following
us and flying a short distance to Walker AFB for medical treatment.
I recall walking into the hospital and also stopping on the
front step to smoke a cigarette. I remember security personnel
escorting and questioning us to determine who we were. Security
was very tight at Strategic Air Command bases such as Walker. On
occasion surprise inspection teams from SAC headquarters arrived
in helicopters just as we did. In addition, a story of three Air
Force officers crashing in a balloon was somewhat far fetched. The
security people were convinced of our identities when they spoke
with Col John P. Stapp, the Aero Medical Laboratory Commander.
While I was at Walker my head had swelled considerably and both
eyes were turning black. Later the skin on my face turned yellow.
I remember being seen by one doctor and I do not believe any other
doctors participated in my treatment. I do not recall any nurses
attending to me. I also do not recall that a black NCO was present
nor do I recall any civilian men in the hospital. I do not recall
that Capt Kittenger was involved in an altercation of any kind
while we were there. After I was treated and released we all flew
back to Holloman on the helicopter.
At Holloman I was admitted to the hospital and had blood aspirated
from under my scalp. I remember my forehead drooping down, I had
to use my fingers to open my eyelids, and I had to sleep sitting
up. Several days later I returned to Wright Patterson with Capt
Kittenger and Capt Kaufman. My wife met the airplane and when she
saw me, she burst into tears due to the swelling of my head, the
two black eyes, and the yellow color of my skin. When I returned to
my office at Wright Patterson, my secretary also began to cry when
she saw me. After some weeks my head returned to normal size and I
was returned to flying status.
During my Air Force career I was involved in many different
scientific research projects including the space program. I can
state with certainty that none of them, including the incident
described here, had anything to do with UFOs or “space aliens”.
I am not part of any conspiracy to withhold or provide misleading
information to the United States Government or the American public.
There is no classified information that I am withholding related to
this inquiry and I have never been threatened by U.S. Government
persons concerning refraining from talking about this matter.
SIGNED: Subscribed and sworn before me, an
individual authorized to administer
oaths, this 25th day of May, 1995,
at
[Signature] [Signature]
Dan D. Fulgham, Col, USAF (Ret) James McAndrew, 1st Lt, USAFR
WITNESS(s):
[Signature]
STATEMENT OF WITNESS
Place Date: 28 May 95
I, Bernard D. Gildenberg, GS-14, (Ret), hereby state that James
McAndrew was identified as a Lieutenant, USAFR on this date at my
home and do hereby, voluntarily and of my own free will, make the
following statement. This was done without having been subjected to
any coercion, unlawful influence or unlawful inducement.
I became involved in high altitude balloon development while an
undergraduate student at New York University (NYU). Following
graduation I was hired by the Air Force at Holloman AFB and worked
continuously as both a meteorologist and aerospace engineer at
the Balloon Branch from 1951 until my retirement in 1981. My job
responsibilities were to forecast the weather and fly by remote
control, high altitude balloons for many different scientific
projects. During this time. I became internationally recognized as
an authority on high altitude balloon trajectory forecasting. I
have published numerous technical reports and articles.
The first project in which I was involved, while still an
undergraduate student at NYU, was the acoustical detection of
nuclear explosions. The name of the project, Mogul, was classified
and I didn’t know this name until several years ago. Based on
my experience with this project I am certain project Mogul was
responsible for some portions of what has become to be known as the
“Roswell Incident”.
Following project Mogul I was involved in perfecting high
altitude balloon technology and made many test flights with large
polyethylene balloons from Holloman AFB. I worked extensively on
atmospheric sampling projects and biological flights in which
the balloons lifted small animals to altitude for cosmic ray
experiments. I also worked on the Moby Dick Project that collected
meteorological data and the classified Gopher (119L) reconnaissance
project.
I was relied upon to forecast the weather, conduct climatological
studies, predict balloon trajectories, and to hit with precision,
ground targets both on and off the White Sands Missile Range.
Balloon trajectories in New Mexico below the tropopause, are
predominantly towards the east-northeast, when launched from
Holloman AFB with the exception of July and August when balloons
remained over the Holloman area. At high altitude, above the
tropopause, trajectories are generally westerly during the summer
and easterly during the spring, fall, and winter. As a result
these winds, the Holloman balloon branch recovered many, probably
hundreds, of balloons and scientific payloads from the Roswell, NM
area over the years.
During the time of the year when trajectories were to the east I
attempted to drop the equipment near accessible non mountainous
areas and paved roads. The main target area was the first large
north-south road on the other side of the Sacramento Mountains
from Holloman AFB, Highway 285. This road goes north and south
through Roswell. The standard procedure was to preposition military
recovery crews near the projected point of payload impact. The
crews consisted primarily of Air Force members in uniform and
they operated military vehicles. I often directed these crews to
“standby” along the shoulder of Highway 285, both north and south
of Roswell until the balloon was in position. The recovery crews
received detailed instructions from the tracking aircraft that led
them to the exact location of the payload. The recovery vehicle
included, depending on the mission, a crane, weapons carriers,
communications van, and occasionally tanker trucks to refuel the
aircraft that would sometimes land on nearby roads.
During the time of the year when balloon trajectories were to the
west, I attempted to drop the payloads in the Rio Grande Valley.
I also aimed for another valley, the flat area north of Truth or
Consequences that includes the Plains of San Augustin. In addition,
many remote balloon launch sites were located throughout the Rio
Grande Valley west of the White Sands Proving Grounds. Launch crews
were also mostly military and used much of the same equipment as
the recovery crews.
I had extensive involvement with Project 7218 that later became
Project 7222. This project studied the free-fall characteristics
of anthropomorphic dummies dropped from balloons from altitudes
up to 100,000 feet. The missions usually consisted of two dummies
attached to a suspension rack that I directed to be released at
altitude. Depending on the wind conditions and time of year, the
dummies, on many occasions, landed in the Roswell area. I recall
some difficulties in the release mechanisms of the dummies that
resulted in some of them free-falling to the ground while they were
still attached to the rack. Someone without a good vantage point
or not associated with the project might mistake these dummies for
“aliens” due to their odd flesh tones and abstract human features.
I also recall an accident involving a manned balloon flight. I
remember this event clearly because I am also a balloon pilot
and had an accident approximately two years before. The accident
occurred on a flight that Capt Joe Kittenger was “checking out”
two back up pilots for his high altitude missions. The balloon was
launched around midnight from behind the Balloon Branch at Holloman
AFB. I remember that some of the steel ballast used by the balloon
caused a “fireworks” display when it contacted some nearby power
lines during the launch. I was operating the control center for
this flight and I received notification from the communications
vehicle that was following the balloon that there had been an
accident north of Roswell. I later learned that the gondola had
rolled over during a practice touch and go landing and one of the
pilots had been struck in the head and injured. I recall speaking
to Capt Kittinger about the accident and I saw the injured pilot.
Although his injury was not serious, his head had considerable
swelling and he looked very odd.
I also worked with Capt Kittinger on Project Stargazer. I also had
met several times the civilian scientific advisor Dr. J. Allen
Hynek. Dr Hynek was thoroughly familiar with the balloon operations
at Holloman and visited the Balloon Branch numerous times. This
project experienced some difficulties and only one manned flight
was conducted.
Another project I was involved with was the Air Force
investigations of UFOs. Project Bluebook. Since I was a
meteorologist and amateur astronomer I evaluated, starting in 1951,
local sightings of UFOs. New Mexico had alot of sightings because
of the good visibility and the many experimental projects of the
White Sands Proving Grounds. During my time on Project Bluebook
there wasn’t any sightings that we could not explain. Nevertheless
popular literature still refers to some of these sightings as
unexplained.
Another project with which I was involved, was the NASA Voyager
and Viking Projects. These space vehicles were tested by launching
them from our balloons at extremely high altitude to simulate the
atmosphere of Venus and Mars. To utilize the instrumentation on
the White Sands Missile Range I elected to launch the balloons and
attached space vehicles from the Roswell Industrial Air Center,
formerly the Roswell Army Airfield. The Holloman Balloon Branch
made approximately eight launches of these two vehicles from
Roswell. In appearance the Viking and Voyager probes could be
mistaken for a flying saucer. They were both unclassified highly
publicized projects and I do not recall getting any UFO reports for
these flights. I believe one of these probes is on display at White
Sands Missile Range and its known as the “flying saucer”.
I am not part of any conspiracy to withhold or provide misleading
information to the United States Government or the American public.
There is no classified information that I am withholding related to
this inquiry and I have never been threatened by U.S. Government
persons concerning refraining from talking about this matter.
SIGNED: Subscribed and sworn before me, an
individual authorized to administer
oaths, this 25th day of May, 1995,
at
[Signature] [Signature]
Bernard D. Gildenberg, GS-14 (Ret) James McAndrew, 1st Lt. USAFR
WITNESS(s):
STATEMENT OF WITNESS
Place Date: 28 May 95
I, Ole Jorgeson, MSgt. USAF, (Ret), hereby state that James
McAndrew was identified as a Lieutenant, USAFR on this date at my
home and do hereby, voluntarily and of my own free will, make the
following statement. This was done without having been subjected to
any coercion, unlawful influence or unlawful inducement.
I enlisted in the U.S. Air Force in 1957 and became a Ground
Communications and Electronic Repairman. I remained in this career
field throughout my career. I completed three tours at the Balloon
Branch at Holloman AFB, NM. I retired from the Air Force in 1977 as
the NCOIC of the Communication and Instrumentation Section of the
Balloon Branch at Holloman AFB.
I recall an overnight balloon training mission that was conducted
in May, 1959. Capt Joe Kittinger was training back up pilots
for one of his upcoming projects. I was an airman assigned to
coordinate communications and to assist in the recovery of the
balloon upon completion of the mission. I followed the balloon in
an old Korean War vintage “crackerbox” ambulance that had been
converted into a communications van. Another airman and I followed
the balloon throughout the night on an easterly trajectory over the
Sacramento Mountains to an area north of Roswell. Also following
the balloon were recovery technicians in a weapons carrier. We
stayed in contact with the balloon crew by radio and also observed
flares the crew would light at various intervals so we could
visually track them. Just after sunrise I recall the balloon
landing north of Roswell and Capt Kittinger offered me some coffee
and told me he was going to make one more touch and go landing to
complete the mission. I remember that I took some photographs of
the balloon and waited for the last landing. Several minutes later
I remember hearing a “bang”, this was the squib that fired to
release the gondola from the balloon. We immediately went to where
the gondola landed and saw the gondola laying on its side and saw
two of the pilots standing and one lying down. Lying on the ground
was a shattered helmet that was worn by one of the pilots. Capt
Kittinger told me they were attempting to land to avoid some power
lines and a row of trees.
Soon after I arrived at the crash site, a helicopter that was also
following the flight landed and transported the three aircrew
members to Walker AFB for medical attention. I recall I assisted
the recovery technicians load the balloon and the gondola on the
weapons carrier and then drove 15 to 20 minutes to the hospital
at Walker AFB. When I arrived at Walker, we parked the converted
ambulance near the hospital and either the other airman with me
or the recovery technicians called the balloon control center to
notify them of the accident. I recall waiting near the hospital
for a short period of time and then returning to Holloman AFB.
During the time I was waiting at the hospital I did not observe
any arguments or altercations. I did not observe Capt Kittinger
speaking disrespectfully to anyone. I also do not recall any male
civilians or any vehicles that belonged to a mortuary.
I participated in many, probably more than 100, balloon recoveries.
I often recovered payloads and balloons from the area surrounding
Roswell, NM. It was routine to be directed by the balloon control
center to an area near Roswell to wait to recover a balloon. We
would wait along the side of the road, at small airports, or at
the armory in Roswell. It would not be uncommon for our recovery
vehicles to be seen waiting to recover balloons throughout New
Mexico, Arizona, and West Texas. When we recovered the balloons
and payloads sometimes civilians would be in the area and make
inquires. We would tell them what we were doing and provide them
with a telephone number at Holloman AFB if they wanted to report
any damages. We were required to clean up the area and remove all
debris before we left. In addition to the recoveries, I recall
making balloon launches from sites up and down the Rio Grande
Valley. I remember that some of these launches were made from an
area west of Soccoro, NM.
Another project I participated in was the testing of the Viking
space probe in 1972. These four launches were all made from the
Roswell Industrial Air Center, the former Roswell Army Airfield.
Approximately twenty Air Force personnel were on temporary duty to
Roswell throughout the summer of 1972 to support this project. NASA
personnel prepared the spacecraft for launch from the old hangers
of the former Air Force base. This project was not classified and
was covered by the news media.
I am not part of any conspiracy to withhold or provide misleading
information to the United States Government or the American public.
There is no classified information that I am withholding related to
this inquiry and I have never been threatened by U.S. Government
persons concerning refraining from talking about this matter.
SIGNED: Subscribed and sworn before me, an
individual authorized to administer
oaths, this 25th day of May, 1995,
at
[Signature] [Signature]
Ole Jorgesen, MSgt, USAF, (Ret) James McAndrew, 1st Lt, USAFR
WITNESS(s):
STATEMENT OF WITNESS
Place Date: 28 October 1996
I, William C. Kaufman, Lt. Col., USAF (Ret), hereby voluntarily and
of my own free will, make the following statement. This was done
without coercion, unlawful influence or unlawful inducement.
I was drafted into the Army of the United States in 1943,
transferred to the Army Air Forces, and was commissioned as a pilot
in 1944. From 1950 until 1967, with a break for training for a
combat tour in Korea and for educational assignments to AFIT, I was
assigned to the Aero Medical Laboratory at Wright Patterson AFB,
OH. During that time I was a physiological training officer and
worked in the development of early pressure suits. I tested many
high altitude pilots and also the first group of astronauts. Later
during my Air Force career, in 1961, I earned a Ph.D. in Physiology
and Biophysics. I was assigned to the Aero Medical Laboratory for
three tours and retired in 1968 as the Chief of the Biodynamics
Branch of the Aero Medical Field Laboratory at Holloman AFB, NM.
During my third assignment at Wright Patterson, I volunteered,
along with Capt Dan Fulgham, to be a backup pilot for Capt Joe
Kittinger for his high altitude balloon project, Project Excelsior.
Capt Kittinger instructed Capt Fulgham and me in ballooning in May
1959. At the end of an overnight training flight, on the morning
of May 21, 1959, northwest of Roswell, NM, we (Kittinger, Fulgham
and I) had an accident with the balloon. We were practicing touch
and go landings when a severe gust of wind overturned the gondola,
dumping all of us to the ground with the gondola on top of us.
The accident occurred in a small pasture where a pony was grazing
next to a small cottage. For safety, we were followed during hours
of darkness by a C-131 aircraft and during the day by a H-21
helicopter. We were followed the entire time by technicians in a
truck for communications and for the recovery of the balloon and
gondola. Seeing the accident, the crews of the helicopter and the
recovery trucks came to our assistance, much to the dismay of the
farmer who owned the pony, which had run away when the truck broke
down the fence to reach the crash site. I recall that a member of
the helicopter crew attempted to calm the farmer.
Capt Fulgham sustained an injury to the forehead when the lip of
the gondola struck him. Capt Fulgham thought he had fractured
his skull but the experimental helmet he was wearing apparently
protected him. Capt Kittinger was bleeding from a cut on the face.
I was beneath Fulgham and Kittinger and unhurt. Fulgham was loaded
into the helicopter and we were taken to the nearest hospital,
at Walker AFB, in Roswell. I recall the helicopter pilot called
the air traffic control tower at Walker and informed them we were
inbound with an injured pilot from a balloon accident. This was
quite unusual and I believe the tower personnel might have thought
we were a surprise Strategic Air Command inspection team that at
the direction of the SAC Commander, Gen. Curtis E. LeMay, sometimes
made unannounced visits by helicopter. We landed in front of the
tower and were met by an ambulance along with a detail of military
police with machine guns. The military police escorted us to the
hospital for treatment and to verify our story of the balloon crash.
While Capt Fulgham and Capt Kittinger were being treated I was
asked to explain to the Walker AFB Base Commander what had
happened. After Capt Kittinger was treated he called Col Stapp from
a phone adjacent to the waiting room were numerous military wives
were waiting for pre-natal care. Capt Kittinger, as the project
officer, was concerned what effect this accident might have on the
future of his program. As we waited for Fulgham, Kittinger paced up
and down the hall concerned about Fulgham and getting out of the
hospital before Walker AFB officials might complicate matters. I
do not recall any male civilians in the hospital, nor do I recall
Capt Kittinger being involved in an altercation of any kind. Capt
Kittinger did not shout or use obscene language, he was simply
interested in getting medical attention for Fulgham and leaving as
soon as possible. I do recall that one or two nurses were present.
I do not recall a black NCO accompanying Kittinger while we were in
the hospital.
When the medical personnel were finished treating Fulgham, all
three of us returned to Holloman AFB by helicopter about noon the
same day. The following day I took my FAA exam and was awarded a
balloon pilot license. Three days later, on Sunday, Kittinger,
Fulgham and I returned to Wright Patterson via a special C-131
flight. Fulgham looked very odd with two black eyes and protruding
forehead; his head was so swollen he could not wear his uniform hat
for some time. I later worked with Capt Kittinger on the Stargazer
project and and occasionally flew aircraft with him.
During my entire time at the Aero Medical Laboratory I neither
saw nor heard anything that would lead me to believe that the Air
Force was keeping “aliens” at Wright Patterson. I knew there was a
project on UFOs called Bluebook, at the base, but to my knowledge
the Aero Medical Laboratory was not involved. Many scientific
accomplishments came out of the various laboratories at Wright
Patterson but I am unaware of any that might have involved aliens
or UFOs.
I am not part of any conspiracy to withhold or provide misleading
information to the United States Government or the American public.
There is no classified information that I am withholding related to
this inquiry and I have never been threatened by U.S. Government
persons concerning refraining from talking about this matter.
This is as I recollect those events.
SIGNED:
[Signature]
William C. Kaufman, LtCol. USAFC (Ret)
WITNESS(s):
[Signature: Patricia A. Kaufman]
STATEMENT OF WITNESS
Place Date: 24 June 95
I, Joseph W. Kittinger. Jr., Col. USAF (Ret), hereby state that
James McAndrew was identified as a Lieutenant, USAFR on this
date at my home and do hereby, voluntarily and of my own free
will, make the following statement. This was done without having
been subjected to any coercion, unlawful influence or unlawful
inducement.
I entered the U.S. Air Force in 1949 as an Aviation Cadet. From
1950 to 1953 I flew fighters in Europe before being assigned to the
Fighter Test Section at Holloman AFB, NM in July, 1953. During my
tour as a test pilot I conducted the first zero gravity tests and
was the balloon pilot of the first Project Man High high altitude
research mission. In 1958 I was assigned to the Escape Section of
the Aero Medical laboratory at Wright Patterson AFB, OH. During
this tour I was the Project Officer of Project Excelsior and made
three high altitude parachute jumps, the highest from 102,800 feet,
which today remains a world record. For these jumps I was awarded
the Hannon Trophy for 1960 by President Eisenhower. Following
Excelsior, I was the Project Officer of Stargazer, a project that
made astronomical observations from a high altitude balloon. I
flew two combat tours in Southeast Asia with the Air Commandos. I
later flew a tour in F-4s and was the Squadron Commander of the 555
Tactical Fighter Squadron. I accumulated over 1,000 combat flying
hours and I am credited with one aerial victory. I spent ten months
as a POW in Hanoi. Upon my return I attended Air War College, flew
F-4s and retired from the Air Force in 1978. In 1984 I became the
first person to make a solo crossing of the Atlantic by balloon.
In 1958 I was made the Project Officer of Excelsior by Col John
Paul Stapp, the Aero Medical Laboratory Commander. I supervised
and was actively involved in the dropping and recovery of
anthropomorphic dummies from high altitude balloons at Holloman
AFB, NM for this project. We also dropped dummies, from aircraft
only, at Wright-Patterson AFB, OH. The object of the Holloman tests
were to study the free fall characteristics of dummies dropped from
balloons at altitudes of 50,000 to 100,000 feet. Based on this data
we designed a parachute that stabilized the dummies and I later
used this parachute on my three high altitude jumps.
The balloons carrying the dummies were launched from various
locations in New Mexico and often impacted off of the White Sands
Proving Ground depending on the wind conditions. The dummies were
outfitted with clothing and equipment of an Air Force pilot. The
facial features of the dummies were not as pronounced as a human.
The ears and noses did not protrude. I do not recall any dummies
with ears or noses. Some of the dummies were not complete; they
sometimes did not have arms or legs. To someone not associated with
the project or who viewed the dummies from a distance, they could
appear to be human or with some imagination a space “alien.” In
fact, I recall one incident at Wright-Patterson where one of our
dummies landed near the backyard of Gen. Rawlings, Commander of
the Air Research and Development Command. Gen. Rawling’s wife was
entertaining officer’s wives that afternoon when one of our dummy’s
parachute failed to deploy and impacted the ground in full view of
the ladies at Gen. Rawling’s home. I acted quickly to retrieve the
dummy and went to the impact site and recovered it by throwing it
in the back of a pickup truck and quickly driving away. Later that
day I received a call from Col Stapp who informed me that some of
the women at the party believed that the dummy was a human and they
were appalled to see the careless nature in which the obviously
dead or injured “parachutist” was hauled away.
At Holloman AFB recoveries of the dummies were handled by the
Balloon Branch but members of my project team, including myself,
often assisted. The standard procedure was to track the dummy
both from the ground and air to attempt to recover the dummies
in a timely manner. On the ground we used an assortment of Air
Force vehicles to track and recover not only the dummies but also
other scientific balloon payloads. We used trucks, communications
vans, converted field ambulances, cranes, and trailers. In the
air we used helicopters, C-47s transports, and L-19 and L-20
light observation aircraft. On occasion civilians would observe
our recovery operations. We often attracted a crowd due to the
odd appearance of the balloon payloads and dummies and also the
aircraft that circled overhead or landed on nearby roads. We also
used many of the same procedures and equipment to launch from off
range locations. During the recoveries weapons were not carried
because there was no classified information or equipment. I do not
recall any altercations of any kind. At no time did I or any of the
personnel makes threats against civilians. We always attempted to
maintain good relations with the local civilians and explained the
purpose of the project to them if they asked. We were directed to
remove as much of the material dropped by the balloon as possible.
Sometimes this was difficult because the balloon and pay load would
break apart and cover a large area. We collected the debris in
these cases by “fanning out” across a field until we had collected
even very small portions of the payload and balloon. We were
particularly careful to recover the large plastic balloons because
cattle would ingest the material and the ranchers would file claims
against the government. Additionally, there were reward notices
that offered twenty five dollars for the return of the equipment
attached to each of the balloons. I wrote a book, _The Long, Lonely
Leap_ (E. P. Dutton & Co., 1961), that completely describes Project
Excelsior and my participation.
Also as a part of the high altitude balloon projects, I trained
balloon pilots in May 1959 at the request of Col Stapp. Col Stapp
was concerned that I might be injured as a result of the hazardous
nature of the projects and he wanted backup pilots to be trained.
The backup pilots, Capt Dan Fulgham and Capt Bill Kaufman were
volunteers from the Aero Medical Laboratory and they were sent to
Holloman from Wright-Patterson for training on a temporary duty
basis. On our second training flight, Fulgham, Kaufman and I, flew
an overnight mission that was launched at Holloman and ended with
a crash northwest of Roswell, NM. We were followed on this mission
by an aircraft at night, a helicopter during the day, and a ground
crew in trucks at all times.
I recall that just after sunrise the weather had deteriorated and I
directed Fulgham to land the balloon in a small field. This was the
last suitable field before we would overfly the City of Roswell. I
remember approaching the field just over the trees and I recall our
forward velocity was about 10–12 knots, a little fast for landing.
When we touched down Fulgham cut the balloon away and due to the
forward velocity the gondola flipped over spilling all three of us
on the ground. While lying on the ground I realized that Fulgham
was injured and Kaufman and I raised the gondola. Fulgham had been
struck in the head by the edge of the gondola and I could see the
blood rapidly accumulating under his scalp in the forehead area. We
treated him for shock and soon the recovery vehicles and the chase
helicopter arrived. I decided to transport Fulgham by helicopter to
the hospital at nearby Walker AFB.
When we arrived at Walker I remember that security was tight, as
it was at all Strategic Air Command bases, and we were closely
scrutinized by security personnel due to the unusual circumstances
and early hour of our arrival. I had two concerns once we arrived
at the hospital, first to get treatment for Fulgham and second
to leave as soon as possible. After I was assured that Fulgham’s
injuries were not serious I wanted to quickly leave the base before
the Walker AFB Flying Safety Officer arrived to fill out an
accident report. I didn’t want a report filed because an accident
investigation would bring unwanted scrutiny to the project. Even
though the project was unclassified I did not want any publicity or
premature releases of information.
Although Fulgham’s injuries were not serious, his head had swollen
considerably—both eyes were black and his face had swollen so
much you could barely see his nose. I believe that if someone saw
him while we were at Walker they would have been startled. When
his treatment was completed we all three returned to Holloman on
the helicopter. At Holloman, Fulgham was admitted to the hospital
and I made preparations for him to return to his duty station at
Wright-Patterson AFB. Due to his grotesque appearance, I did not
want Fulgham to fly on a commercial airline. I made arrangements
for all of us to fly to Wright-Patterson on a C-131 a few days
later. When we arrived at Wright-Patterson, I assisted Fulgham down
the steps of the aircraft because his eyes were swollen shut and
he could not see. His wife was waiting at the bottom of the steps
of the aircraft and she asked me where her husband was. I replied
“this is your husband” and she screamed and began to cry.
While I was at the Walker AFB hospital, I do not recall any contact
with a male civilian. I certainly did not call anyone an “SOB”
or speak to anyone in a disrespectful manner. I did not make any
threats or instruct anyone else to make threats. I recall nurses
in the hospital but I am not certain if they participated in the
treatment of Capt Fulgham. I was not accompanied by a black NCO at
the hospital, but there may have been a black NCO on the balloon
recovery team. I recall no body bags in the hospital and I am sure
there were no “aliens” at the hospital, just Dan Fulgham with a
very odd looking head injury.