River; Eskimos starving for lack of caribou); 226-230, 239-240
(migration and its pattern); 226 (wintering S. to Churchill and
Nelson rivers; Nueltin Lake); 226, 228 (habitat; trails);
226-227, 229-230 (locomotion); 227 (daily periods of rest); 228,
229, 230 (pelage and molt); 228 (insect pests); 228, 229
(organization of herds); 229 (antlers); 229-230 (disposition);
230 (grunting; shaking water off; foot-glands; food); 230-231
(utilization of hides and meat); 230-231, 239 (the wolf a
beneficial predator); 231, 239 (numbers); 239 (civilized man the
chief enemy; menace of reindeer culture).
"Caribou": Hoffman, 1949: 12 (herds of 50,000 in Mackenzie
region spotted by aircraft; Indians and Eskimos thus directed to
them; caribou hides shipped to Eskimos along Arctic coast, who
are thus giving up seal-hunting).
_Rangifer arcticus_ agg.: Polunin, 1949: 24 (contemplated
introduction of Reindeer to replace Caribou); 72 (Frobisher
Bay); 227, 230 (reported increase in NE. of Southampton Island);
230 (Eskimos on Southampton Island learning conservation
methods); 233, 238, 262, 264 (Christopher Island, Baker Lake).
"Caribou": Porsild, 1950: 54 (relatively plentiful, 1949, Banks
and Victoria islands).
"Barren-ground caribou": Banfield, 1951a: 1 (importance in
northern economy); 3 (physical environment); 4 (former and
present distribution); 4-5 (winter ranges); 5 (influences of
fire on distribution); 6 (summer ranges; retrograde autumnal
movement); 9 (estimated mainland population 670,000); 9-12
(migration); 10 (retrograde autumnal movement; rutting in
October or November); 11 (influences of excessive hunting and
fires on migration); 12-15 (changes in range and status); 13
(estimated population of 1,750,000 in 1900); 14-15 (destruction
by whalers and natives); 15-17 (description; pelage and molt);
15 (weight); 17-18 (antler growth and change); 18 (tooth wear
with age); 19 (body form; foot-prints; foot-click); 19-20
(food); 21 (locomotion; swimming); 22 (voice; senses;
disposition); 23-24 (group behavior); 24-26 (sexual
segregation); 26 (rutting behavior); 27 (fawning behavior;
warning behavior); 27-29 (influence of food, weather, and flies
on migration); 30 (vital statistics; growth); 31 (sexual
maturity); 31-33 (warble flies); 33 (nostril flies, mosquitoes,
and black flies); 33-35 (internal parasites); 35 (bacterial
diseases); 35-36 (accidents); 36-37 (relations to other
animals); 37-41 (relations to wolves; annual loss from wolf
predation estimated at no more than 5 percent); 41 (wolverine
only a scavenger); 42 (few kills by barren-ground grizzlies or
golden eagles); 42-43 (effect of firearms and wastage by
natives); 43-44 (caches); 44-45 (meat used as human food, dog
feed, and fox bait); 46-47 (hides used for clothing, upholstery,
tents, moccasins, etc.); 47 (use of sinew, antlers, and fat);
47-50 (human population in caribou range; annual kill estimated
at 93,000 as a minimum).
_Rangifer arcticus arcticus_ (Richardson): Banfield, 1951b:
120 (Mackenzie; wintering in forest, summering on tundra;
specimens).
"Caribou": Scott, 1951: 17 (Musk Ox Lake, Mackenzie); 19 (near
Beechey Lake); 37, 41, 83, 87, 88, 175, 214, 216 (Perry River,
Keewatin); 127 (use by Eskimos); 179, 180 (doe with fawn, July
21); 199 (several thousand, July 27); 234 (Baker Lake).
"Caribou": Tweedsmuir, 1951: 18 (reduction on Baffin Island); 37
(Salisbury Island); 111 (gone from Foxe Land).
"Caribou": Anonymous, 1952: 261 (decline in numbers from
1,750,000 in 1900 to 670,000 in 1952); 263, 265, 267 (wolves
harrying herds); 264 (annual kill estimated at 100,000; natural
enemies account for 68,000 more); 267 (summer and winter ranges
mapped).
_Rangifer arcticus arcticus_. . .: Mochi and Carter, 1953:
pl. 9, fig. 3, and accompanying text (description;
distribution).
"Caribou": Harper, 1953: 28 (caribou bodies in Nueltin Lake
region fed upon by Rough-legged Hawks, Ravens, and Herring
Gulls); 40 (lack of Caribou leading to large consumption of
Ptarmigan as dog feed); 41 (Caribou preferred to Ptarmigan as
Eskimo food); 60 (Long-tailed Jaegers feeding on caribou
bodies); 62, 63 (depredations by Herring Gulls on caribou
bodies); 64 (Ring-billed Gulls feeding on caribou bodies); 72
(Canada Jays as substitute for dog feed when caribou are
lacking; these birds as scavengers on caribou bodies); 74
(Ravens and Canada Jays as scavengers); 76 (Ravens feeding upon
caribou bodies and following Wolves in expectation of a caribou
kill).
"Caribou": Barnett, 1954: 96 (migration; fawning; numbers); 103
(migration); 104 (warble fly; antlers); 106 (lichens as food).
INDEX
The principal items selected for inclusion in this index are: names of
animals other than Richardson's Barren Ground Caribou (_Rangifer
arcticus arcticus_); names of plants; names of institutions; and names
of authors and other persons.
The index does not cover the bibliographical references in smaller type
inserted at the end of each section, from pages 38 to 119; nor does it
cover the two large sections devoted wholly to bibliography (pp.
120-160).
_Aedes_, 45
_fitchii_, 70
_nearcticus_, 70
_Agrostis scabra_, 42
Alder, 98
_Alectoria_, 44
Allen, J. A., 116
_Alopex lagopus innuitus_, 63
American Committee for International Wild Life Protection,
reverse of title-page
American Museum of Natural History, 6, 117
American Society of Mammalogists, 77
Amundsen, Roald, 49
Anderson, R. M., 40, 43, 75, 78, 116, 117
Anonymous, 40, 47
Anoteelik, 6, 26, 27, 35 (fig.), 56 (fig.), 60, 85, 95
Arctic Institute of North America, 5, inside of back cover
_Arctostaphylos alpina_, 33 (fig.)
Armstrong, Alex, 117
Bailey, Alfred M., and Russell W. Hendee, 72
Banfield, A. W. F., 5, 10, 40, 58, 63, 66, 71, 76, 78, 107, 117, 118
Bear(s), Black, 42, 48, 62
Bergman, Arvid M., 72
_Betula glandulosa_, 33 (fig.), 98
Birch, dwarf, 16, 17, 22, 24, 41, 98, 99
Birket-Smith, Kaj, 76, 117
Bison, 85
Blanchet, G. H., 49, 117
Blowfly(ies), 29, 51, 52
Boas, Franz, 112
Bourassa, John M., 12
Buchanan, Angus, 7, 68, 86
Buchholz, Carl, 38
"Bulldog" (Tabanidae), 45
_Buteo lagopus sancti-johannis_, 68
Cabot, William B., 99
Calf, bovine, 104
_Canis_,
_lupus arctos_, 63
_lupus bernardi_, 63
_lupus hudsonicus_, 63, 64
_lupus mackenzii_, 63
_lupus manningi_, 63
_lupus occidentalis_, 63
_Carex chordorrhiza_, 55 (fig.)
Caribou,
Grant's, 74
Labrador Barren Ground, 118
Newfoundland, 63, 66, 97
Peary's, 43
(Western) Woodland, 7-9, 12, 45, 46, 70, 78, 112, 94 (fig.), 119
_Cephenemyia_, 45, 46, 72, 73, 96
_nasalis_, 72
_trompe_, 72, 73
_Cervus elaphus elaphus_, 50
Chambers, Joe, 11, 66, 85
Chipewyans, Caribou-eater, 47, 49, 52, 58, 62, 69
Christian, Edgar, 59
_Cladonia_, 33 (fig.), 44, 98
Clarke, C. H. D., 38, 40, 41, 47, 67, 78, 117
_Corvus corax principalis_, 68
Cow, domestic, 113
Critchell-Bullock, James C., 67
Crowberry, 16, 98
Deer,
European Red, 50
"Indian," 8
Mule, 77
White-tailed, 46, 77, 78, 83-85, 87, 100, 102, 103
Degerbøl, Magnus, 112
Dix, W. L., 44, 98
Dobbs, Arthur, 8
Dogs, (Husky), 15, 17, 19, 21, 47-52, 59, 60, 62, 85
Downes, P. G., 18, 51, 52, 69, 106
Dugmore, A. Radclyffe, 97, 112
Dyar, Harrison G., 70
_Eleocharis baldwinii_, 42
Ellis, Hazel R., 12
_Empetrum nigrum_, 33 (figs.), 98
Eskimo(s), 5, 6, 19, 29, 34 (figs.), 35 (figs.), 47, 49-52,
56 (figs.), 57-60, 74-76, 79, 99, 114
"Eskimo candle(s)," 60, 114
"Eskimo Charlie," 52
Fish, 47, 48, 59, 60
Fisher, Alexander, 103
Fleas, 73
Flerov, Constantine C., 110
Fly(ies), 14, 23, 27, 41, 43, 69, 85
black, 20, 23-28, 45, 46, 69, 70
"deer," 70
nostril, 37, 45, 46, 72, 73, 96
warble, 37, 45, 46, 52, 56 (figs.), 57, 70-72, 96
Fox(es), 47, 48, 51, 62, 66, 68
Arctic, 48, 62, 63, 78
Red, 63
Franklin, Sir John, 46
Gallagher, Don, 12
Gavin, Angus, 64, 69, 117
Gibson, R. A., 6
Godsell, Philip H., 117
Goldman, Edward A., 63, 64
Goodwin, George G., 117
Grant, Madison, 118
Grass(es), 98, 99
Gull(s),
Herring, 51, 68
Ring-billed, 68
Hanbury, David T., 47, 49
Hares, Arctic, 69
Harper, Francis, 44, 51, 52, 58, 69, 74, 77
Hawk(s), Rough-legged, 48, 51, 68
Hearne, Samuel, 5, 7-9, 57, 102
Hewitt, C. Gordon, 75
Hoare, W. H. B., 47, 59
Hornby, John, 59
Horse, 96
Hudson's Bay Company, 58
Indian(s), 5, 47, 48, 50, 52, 57, 75, 114
Chipewyan. _See_ Chipewyans, Caribou-eater
Cree, 58, 94 (fig.)
Ingebrigtsen, John, 11, 79, 107
Ingstad, Helge, 41, 49, 112
Insects, 20, 37, 43, 45, 46
Jackson, Hartley H. T., 77
Jacobi, Arnold, 7, 69, 71, 72, 74, 98, 102, 103, 105, 107, 112, 113
Jaeger, Long-tailed, 68
Jay(s), Canada, 48, 51, 68
Jenness, Diamond, 85
Johansen, Frits, 71, 73
_Juncus tenuis_, 42
Katello, 19, 49, 56 (fig.)
Lamont, Arthur H., 10
Lantis, Margaret, 74
_Larus_
_argentatus smithsonianus_, 68
_delawarensis_, 68
_Ledum decumbens_, 33 (fig.)
Lemmings (_Dicrostonyx_), 48, 69
_Lepus arcticus andersoni_, 69
Lice (or louse), 73, 74
Lichens, 37, 38, 44, 45, 51, 98, 99
reindeer, 24, 44, 99
_Linognathus tarandi_, 74
_Loiseleuria procumbens_, 33 (fig.)
Lyon, George F., 86
MacFarlane, Roderick, 112
MacIver, Angus, 38
McLean, John, 9
McLeod, Duncan A., 10
Malaher, G. W., 6, 10, 12, 43, 44
Mallet, Thierry, 41
Malloch, J. R., 45, 46
Manning, T. H., 58, 75
Millais, J. G., 15, 63
Mink, 69
Mites, 73
Moose, 45, 78, 85, 100, 113
Morrow, William C., 6
Mosquito(es), 23, 25, 45, 46, 69, 70, 99
Moss(es), 24, 51, 60
Murie, Olaus J., 105-107
Mushrooms, 99, 113
Muskox, 85
National Science Foundation, reverse of title-page, 6
Natvig, L. Reinhardt, 72
_Oedemagena_, 45, 46, 96
_tarandi_, 52, 70, 71, 73
Office of Naval Research, 6
Padleimiut, 50
Palmer, Ralph S., 6
Parkman, Francis, 52
Parry, William Edward, 103
Peary, R. E., 106
Perez-Llano, George A., 98
_Perisoreus canadensis canadensis_, 68
_Picea mariana_, 33 (fig.), 92 (fig.)
Pike, Warburton, 9, 44
Planchek?, Charles, 52
Pocock, R. I., 112
Poole, Earl L., cover
Porsild, A. E., 73, 76, 77
Preble, Edward A., 7, 9, 12, 40, 96
Ptarmigan, Willow, 44
_Rangifer_
_arcticus caboti_, 99, 118
_arcticus granti_, 74
_caribou sylvestris_, 12, 94 (fig.), 119
_pearyi_, 40, 43, 63, 103, 106, 118
_tarandus_, 5
Rausch, Robert, 77
Raven(s), 48, 51, 68
Reindeer, 7, 66, 69, 74, 76-78, 110
Lapland, Norway, or Norwegian, 5, 71, 72, 74, 75, 80, 87, 97,
103, 105, 112
Siberian, 74, 75, 77
Richardson, Sir John, 5, 7-9, 44, 46, 69, 103
Rita, 6, 34 (fig.), 35 (fig.), 56 (fig.)
Ross, Bernard R., 46
Russell, Frank, 112
Sabrosky, C. W., 73
_Salix planifolia_, 98
Schweder,
Charles, 6, 12, 13, 17-19, 27-29, 31, 32, 37, 44, 45, 48-51,
56 (fig.), 58, 59, 62-64, 66, 68, 69, 71, 73, 79-81, 83, 85,
86, 88, 95, 97-108, 111-114
Fred, Jr., 6, 12, 18-20, 24-27, 29-32, 34 (figs.), 43, 58,
64-66, 69-71, 73, 79, 80, 82, 84, 86, 100-104, 106, 107
Mike, 6, 26, 31, 34-35 (figs.)
Sedge(s), 17, 42, 55 (fig.), 98, 99
Seton, Ernest Thompson, 5, 40, 64, 73, 75, 80, 81, 87, 88, 97, 98,
100, 101, 103, 104, 107, 111-113, 116, 118, 119
Simpson, Thomas, 8
_Simulium_, 45
_venustum_, 70
Soper, J. Dewey, 58, 75
Spruce, 24, 41, 42, 51, 60, 108
black, 55 (fig.), 92 (fig.), 108
Stefánsson, Vilhjálmur, 49, 63, 84, 86, 105, 117
_Stercorarius longicaudus_, 68
Stewart, Norman H., 46
Stone, A. J., 97
Stone, Dr. Alan, 70
Sutton, George M., and William J. Hamilton, Jr., 107, 117, 118
_Tabanus_, 45
Tamarack, 24, 41, 42, 108
Thompson, David, 8
Ticks, 73
Turner, L. M., 118
Tweedsmuir, Lord, 118
Twinn, C. R., 45
Tyrrell,
James W., 12, 78, 81
J. Burr, 44, 78, 81, 118
United States Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine, 70, 73
United States Fish and Wildlife Service, 6
United States National Museum, 6, 118
_Usnea_, 44
_Ursus americanus_, 62
_Vulpes fulva_, 63
Washburn, Dr. A. L., 6
Weasels, 48, 69
Weber, Neal A., 69, 71, 74
Wherry, Dr. Edgar T., 42
Whitney, Caspar, 112
Wildlife Management Institute, reverse of title-page
Willow, 41, 60, 98, 108
Wirth, Dr. W. W., 73
Wolf(ves),
Keewatin Tundra, 11, 16, 20, 28, 37, 38, 41, 42, 48, 50, 63-68,
80, 81, 83, 84, 86, 102, 104
Alaska, 76
Newfoundland, 66
Wolverine(s), 48, 69, 83
Wright, J. G., 118
* * * * *
* * * *
* * * * *
Errors and Inconsistencies
Inconsistent capitalization is unchanged, as is the variable spelling of
"Dog Rib" : "Dog-rib" : "Dogrib".
In references and bibliographies, irregular spellings such as "rain
deer" or "cariboo", and variant forms of scientific names, are assumed
to be reproduced from their original sources.
_Spelling_
August 29 was ... in mid-afternoon [afternon]
References on relations to ... Stefánsson [Stefansson], 1913a
The numbers of rubbing trees ... on the outskirts [outskirits]
_Rangifer Graenlandicus_, _R. Groënlandicus_, _R. articus_
[_all spellings unchanged_]
_Punctuation and Typography_
September 13 was ... brisk, northerly; [brisk, northerly:]
Amundsen, 1908; Preble, 1908; [1908:]
J. B. Tyrrell, 1894: 441; Dix, 1951: 287 [1894;]
Hoare, 1930: 22; Clarke, 1940 [22,]
J. W. Tyrrell, 1924 (1902): 28, 37; Hanbury, 1904 [1924 (1902);]
"stone men" (Harper, 1949: 231, fig.).
[_sentence-final period missing_]
Birket-Smith, 1929 (1): 9, 47, 52-53 ... [1929 (1);]
Harper, 1932: 30, 31; Jenness, 1932 [30, 31,]
Clarke, 1940: 5-9, 84, 110, 112; G. M. Allen, 1942 [112,]
Kennicott, in Anonymous, 1869: 166 [1869;]
R. M. Anderson, 1913a: 5, 6; 1913b: 504 [5, 6,]
R. M. Anderson, 1913b: 516; Stefánsson, 1913a [516:]
recent notes by Banfield (1951a: 31-32, fig. 17)
[_open parenthesis missing_]
Seton, 1929, +3+: 109-111; Critchell-Bullock, 1930 [1929:]
Murie, 1939: 245; Clarke, 1940 [1939;]
R. M. Anderson, 1913b: 502; Hornaday, 1914 [502:]
J. W. Tyrrell, 1908: pls. facing pp. 80, 81 [pls facing]
J. B. Tyrrell, 1892: 128 [1892:128]
J. A. Allen, 1910: 8 [_period after A invisible_]
1908a. The Peary caribou (_Rangifer pearyi_ Allen).
[_final i in "pearyi" not italicized_]
1928. Field book of North American mammals. New York--London
[New York-London]
J. A. Allen, 1910: 8; Seton, 1929 [1910: 8,]
London: xv + 783 [London xv]
_Canadian Geog. Jour._ +24+ (1) [_number 24 both bold and italic_]
"Reindeer and caribou (Rangifer caribou)": W. J. McLean, 1901: 5
[_anomalous roman (non-italic) type in original_]
_"Caribou"_: Stefánsson, 1913a [_anomalous italics unchanged_]
162-163 (destruction by Eskimos [162-163 destruction]
Barrens E. of Great Slave Lake); [Lake;]