1. Example of Descant [_Lucrece_, 1134] from Morley, 1597 (see
Introduction, p. 6 and p. 24).
[Music]
If the lower part was added _extempore_, it was called Descant, but if
written down as here, it was called Prick-song, because 'pricked'
down. The Plain-song is perhaps more often found in a lower part, the
Descant being higher. From the position of the added part, the above
example is called 'bass' descant.
2. Divisions on a Ground Bass for viol-da-gamba, by Christopher
Sympson, 1665, see p. 28. _Rom._ III, v, 25.
[Music]
The 'Ground' itself is in large notes, the necessary chords (which
were _never_ written down) are indicated in small notes. This the
Organist or Harpsichordist plays again and again, as often as
necessary.
Here is a Division for the Viol, such as the player would produce
_extempore_, with the above Ground before him.
Division No. 1.
[Music]
Division No. 3 (more elaborate).
[Music]
3. Example of Sol-Fa, 16th and 17th centuries, see p. 35. _Lear_ I,
ii, 137.
[Music: Fa sol la fa sol la MI fa fa sol la fa sol la MI fa etc.]
The augmented fourths formed by the notes fa and mi, marked with x,
are the _mi contra fa_, which _diabolus est_, or 'is the _divider_,'
see p. 36.
Solmisation of the six notes of the Hexachord, 11th century, see p.
37. _Shrew_ III, i, 72.
[Music: (Natural Hexachord) Ut Re Mi Fa Sol La
(Hard Hexachord) Ut Re Mi Fa Sol La]
The six notes from F, with B _flat_, were called the 'Soft' Hexachord.
4. Lesson for the Lute, by Thomas Mace, b. 1613, from Musick's
Monument, 1676, see p. 55. _Shrew_ III, i, 58.
[Music: "My Mistress."]
_Cf._ p. 30, on 'Broken' music.
5. Tune of Light o' Love, original words not known, but date before
1570, p. 70. _Much Ado_ V, iv, 41, etc.
[Music]
6. Parson Hugh's song, 'To Shallow Rivers,' tune anonymous, date
probably 16th century, p. 71. _Merry Wives_ III, i, 18.
[Music:
To shallow rivers to whose falls
Melodious birds sing madrigals;
There will we make our beds of roses,
And a thousand fragrant posies.
When as I sat in Babylon,
And a thousand vagram posies.]
7. 'Come Live with Me,' tune printed 1612, but probably much older.
See p. 71. Marlowe's 'Passionate Pilgrim,' XX., or _Merry Wives_ III,
i, 18.
[Music:
Come live with me, and be my love,
And we will all the pleasures prove,
That hills and valleys, dales and fields,
And all the craggy mountain yields.]