gûð-helm tô-glâd (Ongenþeów's helmet was split asunder by the blow of
Eofor), 2488.
glôf, st. f., _glove_: nom. sg. glôf hangode, (on Grendel) _a glove hung_,
2086.
gneáð, adj., _niggardly_: nom. sg. f. näs hió ... tô gneáð gifa Geáta
leódum, _was not too niggardly with gifts to the people of the Geátas_,
1931.
gnorn, st. m., _sorrow, sadness_: acc. sg. gnorn þrowian, 2659.
gnornian, w. v., _to be sad, to complain_: pret. sg. earme ... ides
gnornode, 1118.
be-gnornian, w. acc., _to bemoan, to mourn for_: pret. pl. begnornodon ...
hlâfordes [hry]re, _bemoaned their lord's fall_, 3180.
god, st. m., _god_: nom. sg., 13, 72, 478, etc.; hâlig god, 381, 1554;
witig god, 686; mihtig god, 702; acc. sg. god, 812; ne wiston hie drihten
god, _did not know the Lord God_, 181; dat. sg. gode, 113, 227, 626, etc.;
gen. sg. godes, 570, 712, 787, etc.
gold, st. n., _gold_: nom. sg., 3013, 3053; icge gold, 1108; wunden gold,
_wound gold, gold in ring-form_, 1194, 3136; acc. sg. gold, 2537, 2759,
2794, 3169; hæðen gold, _heathen gold_ (that from the drake's cave), 2277;
brâd gold, _massive gold_, 3106; dat. instr. sg. golde, 1055, 2932, 3019;
fättan golde, _with chased gold, with gold in plate-form_, 2103; gehroden
golde, _covered with gold, gilded_, 304; golde gegyrwed (gegyrede),
_provided with, ornamented with gold_, 553, 1029, 2193; golde geregnad,
_adorned with gold_, 778; golde fâhne (hrôf), _the roof shining with gold_,
928; bunden golde, _bound with gold_ (see under bindan), 1901; hyrsted
golde (helm), _the helmet ornamented with, mounted with gold_, 2256; gen.
sg. goldes, 2302; fättan goldes, 1094, 2247; scîran goldes, _of pure gold_,
1695. --Comp. fät-gold.
gold-æht, st. f., _possessions in gold, treasure_: acc. sg., 2749.
gold-fâh, adj., _variegated with gold, shining with gold_: nom. sg. reced
... gold-fâh, 1801; acc. sg. gold-fâhne helm, 2812; nom. pl. gold-fâg
scinon web äfter wagum, _variegated with gold, the tapestry gleamed along
the walls_, 995.
gold-gifa, w. m., _gold-giver_, designation of the prince: acc. sg. mid
mînne goldgyfan, 2653.
gold-hroden, pret. part., _(covered with gold), ornamented with gold_: nom.
sg., 615, 641, 1949, 2026; epithet of women of princely rank.
gold-hwät, adj., _striving after gold, greedy for gold_: näs he goldhwät,
_he_ (Beówulf) _was not greedy for gold_ (he did not fight against the
drake for his treasure, cf. 3067 ff.) 3075.
gold-mâðm, st. m., _jewel of gold_: acc. pl. gold-mâðmas (the treasures of
the drake's cave), 2415.
gold-sele, st. m., _gold-hall_, i.e. the hall in which the gold was
distributed, ruler's hall: acc. sg., 716, 1254; dat. sg. gold-sele, 1640,
2084.
gold-weard, st. m., _gold-ward, defender of the gold_: acc. sg. (of the
drake), 3082.
gold-wine, st. m., _friend who distributes gold_, i.e. ruler, prince: nom.
sg. (partly as voc.) goldwine gumena, 1172, 1477, 1603; goldwine Geáta,
2420, 2585.
gold-wlanc, adj., _proud of gold_: nom. sg. gûðrinc goldwlanc (Beówulf
rewarded with gold by Hrôðgâr on account of his victory), 1882.
gomban, gomel, gomen. See gamban, gamal, gamen.
gong, gongan. See gang, gangan.
gôd, adj., _good, fit_, of persons and things: nom. sg., 11, 195, 864,
2264, 2391, etc.; frôd and gôd, 279; w. dat. cyning äðelum gôd, _the king
noble in birth_, 1871; gumcystum gôd, 2544; w. gen. wes þu ûs lârena gôd,
_be good to us with teaching_ (help us thereto through thy instruction),
269; in weak form, se gôda, 205, 355, 676, 1191, etc.; acc. sg. gôdne, 199,
347, 1596, 1970, etc.; gumcystum gôdne, 1487; neut. gôd, 1563; dat. sg.
gôdum, 3037, 3115; þäm gôdan, 384, 2328; nom. pl. gôde, 2250; þâ gôdan,
1164; acc. pl. gôde, 2642; dat. pl. gôdum dædum, 2179; gen. pl. gôdra
gûðrinca, 2649.--Comp. ær-gôd.
gôd, st. n.: 1) _good that is done, benefit, gift_: instr. sg. gôde, 20,
957, 1185; gôde mære, _renowned on account of her gifts_ (Þryðo), 1953;
instr. pl. gôdum, 1862.--2) _ability_, especially in fight: gen. pl. nât he
þâra gôda, 682.
gram, adj., _hostile_: gen. sg. on grames grâpum, _in the gripe of the
enemy_ (Beówulf), 766; nom. pl. þâ graman, 778; dat. pl. gramum, 424, 1035.
gram-heort, adj., _of a hostile heart, hostile_: nom. sg. grom-heort guma,
1683.
gram-hydig, adj., _with hostile feeling, maliciously inclined_: nom. sg.
gromhydig, 1750.
grâp, st. f., _the hand ready to grasp, hand, claw_: dat. sg. mid grâpe,
438; on grâpe, 555; gen. sg. eal ... Grendles grâpe, _all of Grendel's
claw, the whole claw_, 837; dat. pl. on grames grâpum, 766; (as instr.)
grimman grâpum, _with grim claws_, 1543.--Comp.: feónd-, hilde-grâp.
grâpian, w. v., _to grasp, to lay hold of, to seize_: pret. sg. þät hire
wið halse heard grâpode, _that_ (the sword) _griped hard at her neck_,
1567; he ... grâpode gearofolm, _he took hold with ready hand_, 2086.
gräs-molde, w. f., _grass-plot_: acc. sg. gräsmoldan träd, _went over the
grass-plot_, 1882.
grædig, adj., _greedy, hungry, voracious_: nom. sg. grim and grædig, 121,
1500; acc. sg. grædig gûðleóð, 1523.
græg, adj., _gray_: nom. pl. äsc-holt ufan græg, _the ashen wood, gray
above_ (the spears with iron points) 330; acc. pl. græge syrcan, _gray_
(i.e. iron) _shirts of mail_, 334.
græg-mæl, adj., _having a gray color_, here = _iron_: nom. sg. sweord
Beówulfes gomol and grægmæl, 2683.
græpe. See ät-græpe.
grêtan, w. v. w. acc.: 1) _to greet, to salute_: inf. hine swâ gôdne
grêtan, 347; Hrôðgâr grêtan, 1647, 2011; eówic grêtan hêt (_bade me bring
you his last greeting_), 3096; pret. sg. grêtte Geáta leód, 626; grêtte þâ
guma ôðerne, 653; Hrôðgâr grêtte, 1817.-- 2) _to come on, to come near, to
seek out; to touch; to take hold of_: inf. gifstôl grêtan, _take possession
of the throne, mount it as ruler_, 168; näs se folccyning ænig ... þe mec
gûðwinum grêtan dorste (_attack with swords_), 2736; Wyrd ... se þone
gomelan grêtan sceolde, 2422; þät þone sin-scaðan gûðbilla nân grêtan
nolde, _that no sword would take hold upon the irreconcilable enemy_, 804;
pret. sg. grêtte goldhroden guman on healle, _the gold-adorned_ (queen)
_greeted the men in the hall_, 615; nô he mid hearme ... gästas grêtte,
_did not approach the strangers with insults_, 1894; gomenwudu grêtte,
_touched the wood of joy, played the harp_, 2109; pret. subj. II. sg. þät
þu þone wälgæst wihte ne grêtte, _that thou shouldst by no means seek out
the murderous spirit_ (Grendel), 1996; similarly, sg. III. þät he ne grêtte
goldweard þone, 3082; pret. part. þær wäs ... gomenwudu grêted, 1066.
ge-grêtan, w. acc.: 1) _to greet, to salute, to address_: pret. sg. holdne
gegrêtte meaglum wordum, _greeted the dear man with formal words_, 1981;
gegrêtte þâ gumena gehwylcne ... hindeman siðe, _spoke then the last time
to each of the men_, 2517.--2) _to approach, to come near, to seek out_:
inf. sceal ... manig ôðerne gôdum gegrêtan ofer ganotes bäð, _many a one
will seek another across the sea with gifts_, 1862.
greót, st. m., _grit, sand, earth_: dat. sg. on greóte, 3169.
greótan, st. v., _to weep, to mourn, to lament_: pres. sg. III. se þe äfter
sincgyfan on sefan greóteð, _who laments in his heart for the
treasure-giver_, 1343.
grim, adj., _grim, angry, wild, hostile_: nom. sg., 121, 555, 1500, etc.;
weak form, se grimma gäst, 102; acc. sg. m. grimne, 1149, 2137; fem,
grimme, 1235; gen. sg. grimre gûðe, 527; instr. pl. grimman grâpum,
1543.--Comp.: beado-, heaðo-, heoro-, searo-grim.
grimme, adv., _grimly, in a hostile manner, bitterly_, 3013, 3086.
grim-lîc, adj., _grim, terrible_: nom. sg. grimlîc gry[re-gäst], 3042.
grimman, st. v., (properly _to snort_), _to go forward hastily, to hasten_:
pret. pl. grummon, 306.
grindan, st. v., _to grind_, in
for-grindan, _to destroy, to ruin_: pret. sg. w. dat. forgrand gramum,
_destroyed the enemy, killed them_ (?), 424; pret. part. w. acc. häfde
lîgdraca leóda fästen ... glêdum forgrunden, _had with flames destroyed the
people's feasts_, 2336; þâ his âgen (scyld) wäs glêdum forgrunden, _since
his own (shield) had been destroyed by the fire_, 2678.
gripe, st. m., _gripe, attack_: nom. sg. gripe mêces, 1766; acc. sg. grimne
gripe, 1149.--Comp.: fær-, mund-, nîð-gripe.
grîma, w. m., _mask, visor_: in comp. beado-, here-grîma.
grîm-helm, st. m., _mask-helmet, helmet with visor_: acc. pl. grîm-helmas,
334.
grîpan, st. v., _to gripe, to seize, to grasp_: pret. sg. grâp þâ tôgeánes,
_then she caught at_, 1502.
for-grîpan _(to gripe vehemently), to gripe so as to kill, to kill by the
grasp_, w. dat.: pret. sg. ät gûðe forgrâp Grendeles mægum, 2354.
wið-grîpan, w. dat., _(to seize at), to maintain, to hold erect_: inf. hû
wið þam aglæcean elles meahte gylpe wið-grîpan, _how else I might maintain
my boast of battle against the monster_, 2522.
grôwan, st. v., _to grow, to sprout_: pret. sg. him on ferhðe greów
breósthord blôdreów, 1719.
grund, st. m.: 1) _ground, plain, fields_ in contrast with highlands;
_earth_ in contrast with heaven: dat. sg. sôhte ... äfter grunde, _sought
along the ground_, 2295; acc. pl. ofer grundas, 1405, 2074.--2) _bottom,
the lowest part_: acc. sg. grund (of the sea of Grendel), 1368; on gyfenes
grund, 1395; under gynne grund (_bottom of the sea_) 1552; dat. sg. tô
grunde (of the sea), 553; grunde (of the drake's cave) getenge, 2759; so,
on grunde, 2766.--Comp.: eormen-, mere-, sæ-grund.
grund-bûend, pres. part., _inhabitant of the earth_: gen. pl.
grund-bûendra, 1007.
grund-hyrde, st. m., _warder of the bottom_ (of the sea): acc. sg. (of
Grendel's mother), 2137.
grund-sele, st. m., _hall at the bottom_ (of the sea): dat sg. in þam
[grund]sele, 2140.
grund-wang, st. m., _ground surface, lowest surface_: acc. sg. þone
grund-wong (_bottom of the sea_), 1497; (bottom of the drake's cave), 2772,
2589.
grund-wyrgen, st. f., _she-wolf of the bottom_ (of the sea): acc. sg.
grund-wyrgenne (Grendel's mother), 1519.
gryn (cf. Gloss. Aldh. "retinaculum, rete grin," Hpts. Ztschr. IX. 429),
st. n., _net, noose, snare_: gen. pl. fela ... grynna, 931. See gyrn.
gryre, st. m., _horror, terror, anything causing terror_: nom. sg., 1283;
acc. sg. wið Grendles gryre, 384; hie Wyrd forsweóp on Grendles gryre,
_snatched them away into the horror of Grendel, to the horrible Grendel_,
478; dat. pl. mid gryrum ecga, 483; gen. pl. swâ fela gryra, 592.--Comp.:
fær-, wîg-gryre.
gryre-brôga, w. m., _terror and horror, amazement_: nom. sg.
[gryre-]br[ô]g[a], 2229.
gryre-fâh, adj., _gleaming terribly_: acc. sg. gryre-fâhne (_the
fire-spewing drake_, cf. also [draca] fýrwylmum fâh, 2672), 2577.
gryre-gäst, st. m., _terror-guest, stranger causing terror_: nom. sg.
grimlîc gry[regäst], 3042; dat. sg. wið þam gryregieste (the dragon), 2561.
gryre-geatwe, st. f. pl., _terror-armor, warlike equipment_: dat. pl. in
hyra gryre-geatwum, 324.
gryre-leóð, st. n., _terror-song, fearful song_: acc. sg. gehýrdon
gryreleóð galan godes and-sacan (_heard Grendel's cry of agony_), 787.
gryre-lîc, adj., _terrible, horrible_: acc. sg. gryre-lîcne, 1442, 2137.
gryre-sîð, st. m., _way of terror, way causing terror_, i.e. warlike
expedition: acc. pl. se þe gryre-sîðas gegân dorste, 1463.
guma, w. m., _man, human being_: nom. sg., 653, 869, etc.; acc. sg. guman,
1844, 2295; dat. sg. guman (gumum, MS.), 2822; nom pl. guman, 215, 306,
667, etc.; acc. pl. guman, 615; dat. pl. gumum, 127, 321; gen. pl. gumena,
73, 328, 474, 716, etc.--Comp.: driht-, seld-guma.
gum-cyn, st. n., _race of men, people, nation_: gen. sg. we synt gumcynnes
Geáta leóde, _people from the nation of the Geátas_, 260; dat. pl. äfter
gum-cynnum, _along the nations, among the nations_, 945.
gum-cyst, st. f., _man's excellence, man's virtue_: acc. sg. (or pl.)
gumcyste, 1724; dat. pl. as adv., _excellently, preeminently_: gumcystum
gôdne beága bryttan, 1487; gumcystum gôd ... hilde-hlemma (Beówulf), 2544.
gum-dreám, st. m., _joyous doings of men_: acc. sg. gum-dreám ofgeaf
(died), 2470.
gum-dryhten, st. m., _lord of men_: nom. sg. 1643.
gum-fêða, w. m., _troop of men going on foot_: nom. sg., 1402.
gum-man, st. m., _man_: gen. pl. gum-manna fela, 1029.
gum-stôl, st. m., _man's seat_ [Greek: kat'ezochæn] _ruler's seat, throne_:
dat. sg. in gumstôle, 1953.
gûð, st. f., _combat, battle_: nom. sg., 1124, 1659, 2484, 2537; acc. sg.
gûðe, 604; instr. sg. gûðe, 1998; dat. sg. tô (ät) gûðe, 438, 1473. 1536,
2354, etc.; gen. sg. gûðe, 483, 527, 631, etc.; dat. pl. gûðum, 1959, 2179;
gen. pl. gûða, 2513, 2544.
gûð-beorn, st. m., _warrior_: gen. pl. gûð-beorna sum (_the strand-guard on
the Danish coast_), 314.
gûð-bil, st. n., _battle-bill_: nom. sg. gûðbill, 2585; gen. pl. gûð-billa
nân, 804.
gûð-byrne, w. f., _battle-corselet_: nom. sg., 321.
gûð-cearu, st. f., _sorrow which the combat brings_: dat. sg. äfter
gûð-ceare, 1259.
gûð-cräft, st. m., _warlike strength, power in battle_: nom. sg. Grendles
gûð-cräft, 127.
gûð-cyning, st. m., _king in battle, king directing a battle_: nom. sg.,
199, 1970, 2336, etc.
gûð-deáð, st. m., _death in battle_: nom. sg., 2250.
gûð-floga, w. m., _flying warrior_: acc. sg. wið þone gûðflogan (the
drake), 2529.
gûð-freca, w. m., _hero in battle, warrior_ (see freca): nom. sg. gearo
gûð-freca, of the drake, 2415.
gûð-fremmend, pres. part., _fighting a battle, warrior_: gen. pl.
gûð-fremmendra, 246; gûð- (gôd-, MS.) fremmendra swylcum, _such a warrior_
(meaning Beówulf), 299.
gûð-gewæde, st. n., _battle-dress, armor_: nom. pl. gûð-gewædo, 227; acc.
pl. -gewædu, 2618, 2631(?), 2852, 2872; gen. pl. -gewæda, 2624.
gûð-geweorc, st. n., _battle-work warlike deed_: gen. pl., -geweorca, 679,
982, 1826.
gûð-geatwe, st. f. pl., _equipment for combat_: acc. þâ gûð-geatwa
(-getawa, MS.), 2637; dat. in eówrum gûð-geatawum, 395.
gûð-helm, st. m., _battle-helmet_: nom. sg., 2488.
gûð-horn, st. n., _battle-horn_: acc. sg., 1433.
gûð-hrêð, st. f., _battle-fame_: nom. sg., 820.
gûð-leóð, st. n., _battle-song_: acc., sg., 1523.
gûð-môd, adj., _disposed to battle, having an inclination to battle_. nom.
pl. gûð-môde, 306.
gûð-ræs, st. m., _storm of battle, attack_: acc. sg., 2992; gen. pl.
gûð-ræsa, 1578, 2427.
gûð-reów, adj., _fierce in battle_: nom. sg., 58.
gûð-rinc, st. m., _man of battle, fighter, warrior_: nom. sg., 839, 1119,
1882; acc. sg., 1502; gen. pl. gûð-rinca, 2649.
gûð-rôf, adj., _renowned in battle_: nom. sg., 609.
gûð-sceaða, w. m., _battle-foe, enemy in combat_: nom. sg., of the drake,
2319.
gûð-scearu, st. f., _decision of the battle_: dat. sg. äfter gûð-sceare,
1214.
gûð-sele, st. m., _battle-hall, hall in which a battle takes place_: dat
sg. in þäm gûðsele (in Heorot), 443.
gûð-searo, st. n. pl., _battle-equipment, armor_; acc., 215, 328.
gûð-sweord, st. n., _battle-sword_: acc. sg., 2155.
gûð-wêrig, adj., _wearied by battle dead_: acc. sg. gûð-wêrigne Grendel,
1587.
gûð-wine, st. m., _battle-friend, comrade in battle_ designation of the
sword: acc. sg., 1811; instr. pl. þe mec gûð-winum grêtan dorste, _who
dared to attack me with his war-friends_, 2736.
gûð-wîga, w. m., _fighter of battles, warrior_: nom. sg., 2112.
gyd. See gid.
gyfan. See gifan.
gyldan. See gildan.
gylden, adj., _golden_: nom. sg. gylden hilt, 1678; acc. sg. segen
gyldenne, 47, 1022; bring gyldenne, 2810; dat. sg. under gyldnum beáge,
1164.--Comp. eal-gylden.
gylp. See gilp.
gyrdan, w. v., _to gird, to lace_: pret. part. gyrded cempa, _the (sword-)
girt warrior_, 2079.
gyrn, st. n., _sorrow, harm_: nom. sg., 1776.
gyrn-wracu, st. f., _revenge for harm_: dat. sg. tô gyrn-wräce, 1139; gen.
sg. þâ wäs eft hraðe gearo gyrn-wräce Grendeles môdor, _then was Grendel's
mother in turn immediately ready for revenge for the injury_, 2119.
gyrwan. See gerwan.
gystran. See gistran.
gýman, w. v. w. gen., _to take care of, to be careful about_: pres. III.
gýmeð, 1758, 2452; imp. sg. oferhyda ne gým! _do not study arrogance_
(despise it), 1761.
for-gýman, w. acc., _to neglect, to slight_: pres. sg. III. he þâ
forð-gesceaft forgyteð and forgýmeð, 1752.
gýtsian. See gîtsian.
gyt. See git.
H
habban, w. v., _to have_: 1) w. acc.: pres. sg. I. þäs ic wên häbbe (_as I
hope_), 383; þe ic geweald häbbe, 951; ic me on hafu bord and byrnan, _have
on me shield and coat of mail_, 2525; hafo, 3001; sg. II. þu nu [friðu]
hafast, 1175; pl. I. habbað we ... micel ærende, 270; pres. subj. sg. III.
þät he þrittiges manna mägencräft on his mundgripe häbbe, 381. Blended with
the negative: pl. III. þät be Sæ-Geátas sêlran näbben tô geceósenne cyning
ænigne, _that the Sea-Geátas will have no better king than you to choose_,
1851; imp. hafa nu and geheald hûsa sêlest, 659; inf. habban, 446, 462,
3018; pret. sg. häfde, 79, 518, 554; pl. häfdon, 539.--2) used as an
auxiliary with the pret. part.: pres. sg. I. häbbe ic ... ongunnen, 408;
häbbe ic ... geâhsod, 433; II. hafast, 954, 1856; III. hafað, 474, 596;
pret. sg. häfde, 106, 220, 666, 2322, 2334, 2953, etc.; pl. häfdon, 117,
695, 884, 2382, etc. Pret. part. inflected: nu scealc hafað dæd gefremede,
940; häfde se gôda ... cempan gecorone, 205. With the pres. part. are
formed the compounds: bord-, rond-häbbend.
for-habban, _to hold back, to keep one's self_: inf. ne meahte wäfre môd
forhabban in hreðre, _the expiring life could not hold itself back in the
breast_, 1152; ne mihte þâ for-habban, _could not restrain himself_, 2610.
wið-habban, _to resist, to offer resistance_: pret. þät se wînsele
wið-häfde heaðo-deórum, _that the hall resisted them furious in fight_,
773.
hafela, heafola, w. m., _head_: acc. sg. hafelan, 1373, 1422, 1615, 1636,
1781; nâ þu mînne þearft hafalan hýdan, 446; þonne we on orlege hafelan
weredon, _protected our heads, defended ourselves_, 1328; se hwîta helm
hafelan werede, 1449; dat. sg. hafelan, 673, 1522; heafolan, 2680; gen. sg.
heafolan, 2698; nom. pl. hafelan, 1121.--Comp. wîg-heafola.
hafenian, w. v., _to raise, to uplift_: pret. sg. wæpen hafenade heard be
hiltum, _raised the weapon, the strong man, by the hilt_, 1574.
hafoc, st. m., _hawk_: nom. sg., 2264.
haga, w. m., _enclosed piece of ground, hedge, farm-enclosure_: dat. sg. tô
hagan, 2893, 2961.
haga, w. m. See ân-haga.
hama, homa, w. m., _dress_: in the comp. flæsc-, fyrd-, lîc-hama, scîr-ham
(adj.).
hamer, st. m., _hammer_: instr. sg. hamere, 1286; gen. pl. homera lâfe
(swords), 2830.
hand, hond, st. f., _hand_: nom. sg. 2138; sió swîðre ... hand, _the right
hand_, 2100; hond, 1521, 2489, 2510; acc. sg. hand, 558, 984; hond, 657,
687, 835, 928, etc.; dat. sg. on handa, 495, 540; mid handa, 747, 2721; be
honda, 815; dat. pl. (as instr.) hondum, 1444, 2841.
hand-bana, w. m., _murderer with the hand_, or _in hand-to-hand combat_:
dat. sg. tô hand-bonan (-banan), 460, 1331.
hand-gemôt, st. n., _hand-to-hand conflict, battle_: gen. pl. (ecg) þolode
ær fela hand-gemôta, 1527; nô þät läsest wäs hond-gemôta, 2356.
hand-gesella, w. m., _hand-companion, man of the retinue_: dat. pl.
hond-gesellum, 1482.
hand-gestealla, w. m., _(one whose position is near at hand), comrade,
companion, attendant_: dat. sg. hond-gesteallan, 2170; nom. pl.
hand-gesteallan, 2597.
hand-geweorc, st. n., _work done with the hands_, i.e. achievement in
battle: dat. sg. for þäs hild-fruman hondgeweorce, 2836.
hand-gewriðen, pret. part. _hand-wreathed, bound with the hand._ acc. pl.
wälbende ... hand-gewriðene, 1938.
hand-locen, pret. part., _joined, united by hand_: nom. sg. (gûð-byrne,
lîc-syrce) hondlocen (because the shirts of mail consisted of interlaced
rings), 322, 551.
hand-ræs, st. m., _hand-battle_, i.e. combat with the hands: nom. sg.
hond-ræs, 2073.
hand-scalu, st. f., _hand-attendance, retinue_: dat. sg. mid his hand-scale
(hond-scole), 1318, 1964.
hand-sporu, st. f., _finger_ (on Grendel's hand), under the figure of a
spear: nom. pl. hand-sporu, 987.
hand-wundor, st. n., _wonder done by the hand, wonderful handwork_: gen.
pl. hond-wundra mæst, 2769.
hangan. See hôn.
hangian, w. v., _to hang_: pres. sg. III. þonne his sunu hangað hrefne to
hrôðre, _when his son hangs, a joy to the ravens_, 2448; pl. III. ofer þäm
(mere) hongiað hrîmge bearwas, _over which frosty forests hang_, 1364; inf.
hangian, 1663; pret. hangode, _hung down_, 2086.
hatian, w. v. w. acc., _to hate, to be an enemy to, to hurt_: inf. he þone
heaðo-rinc hatian ne meahte lâðum dædum (_could not do him any harm_),
2467; pret. sg. hû se gûð-sceaða Geáta leóde hatode and hýnde, 2320.
hâd, st. m., _form, condition, position, manner_: acc. sg. þurh hæstne hâd,
_in a powerful manner_, 1336; on gesîðes hâd, _in the position of follower,
as follower_, 1298; on sweordes hâd, _in the form of a sword_, 2194. See
under on.
hâdor, st. m., _clearness, brightness_: acc. sg. under heofenes hâdor, 414.
hâdor, adj., _clear, fresh, loud_: nom. sg. scop hwîlum sang hâdor on
Heorote, 497.
hâdre, adv., _clearly, brightly_, 1572.
hâl, adj., _hale, whole, sound, unhurt_: nom. sg. hâl, 300. With gen.
heaðo-lâces hâl, _safe from battle_, 1975. As form of salutation, wes ...
hâl, 407; dat. sg. hâlan lîce, 1504.
hâlig, adj., _holy_: nom. sg. hâlig god, 381, 1554; hâlig dryhten, 687.
hâm, st. m., _home, residence, estate, land_: acc. sg. hâm, 1408; Hrôðgâres
hâm, 718. Usually in adverbial sense: gewât him hâm, _betook himself home_,
1602; tô hâm, 124, 374, 2993; fram hâm, _at home_, 194; ät hâm, _at home_,
1249, 1924, 1157; gen. sg. hâmes, 2367; acc. pl. hâmas, 1128.--Comp.
Finnes-hâm, 1157.
hâm-weorðung, st. f., _honor_ or _ornament of home_: acc. sg. hâm-weorðunge
(designation of the daughter of Hygelâc, given in marriage to Eofor), 2999.
hâr, adj., _gray_: nom. sg. hâr hilde-rinc, 1308, 3137; acc. sg. under
(ofer) hârne stân, 888, 1416, 2554; hâre byrnan (i.e. iron shirt of mail),
2154; dat. sg. hârum hildfruman, 1679; f. on heáre hæðe (on heaw ... h ...
ðe, MS.), 2213; gen. sg. hâres, _of the old man_, 2989.--Comp. un-hâr.
hât, adj., _hot, glowing, flaming_ nom sg., 1617, 2297, 2548, 2559, etc.;
wyrm hât gemealt, _the drake hot_ (of his own heat) _melted_, 898; acc.
sg., 2282(?); inst. sg. hâtan heolfre, 850, 1424; g. sg. heaðu-fýres hâtes,
2523; acc. pl. hâte heaðo-wylmas, 2820.--Sup.: hâtost heaðo-swâta, 1669.
hât, st. n., _heat, fire_: acc. sg. geseah his mondryhten ... hât þrowian,
_saw his lord endure the_ (drake's) _heat_, 2606.
hata, w. m., _persecutor_; in comp. dæd-hata.
hâtan, st. v.: 1) _to bid, to order, to direct_, with acc. and inf., and
acc. of the person: pres. sg. I. ic maguþegnas mîne hâte ... flotan eówerne
ârum healdan, _I bid my thanes take good care of your craft_, 293; imp. sg.
II. hât in gân ... sibbegedriht, 386; pl. II. hâtað heaðo-mære hlæw
gewyrcean, 2803; inf. þät healreced hâtan wolde ... men gewyrcean, _that he
wished to command men to build a hall-edifice_, 68. Pret. sg. hêht: hêht
... eahta mearas ... on flet teón, _gave command to bring eight horses into
the hall_, 1036; þonne ænne hêht golde forgyldan, _commanded to make good
that one with gold_, 1054; hêht þâ þät heaðo-weorc tô hagan biódan,
_ordered the combat to be announced at the hedge_(?), 2893; swâ se snottra
hêht, _as the wise_ (Hrôðgâr) _directed_, 1787; so, 1808, 1809. hêt: hêt
him ýðlidan gôdne gegyrwan, _ordered a good vessel to be prepared for him_,
198; so, hêt, 391, 1115, 3111. As the form of a wish: hêt hine wel brûcan,
1064; so, 2813; pret. part. þâ wäs hâten hraðe Heort innan-weard folmum
gefrätwod, _forthwith was ordered Heorot, adorned by hand on the inside_
(i.e. that the edifice should be adorned by hand on the inside), 992.--2)
_to name, to call_: pres. subj. III. pl. þät hit sælîðend ... hâtan
Biówulfes biorh, _that mariners may call it Beówulf's grave-mound_, 2807;
pret. part. wäs se grimma gäst Grendel hâten, 102; so, 263, 373, 2603.
ge-hâtan, _to promise, to give one's word, to vow, to threaten_: pres. sg.
I. ic hit þe gehâte, 1393; so, 1672; pret. sg. he me mêde gehêt, _promised
me reward_, 2135; him fägre gehêt leána (gen. pl.), _promised them proper
reward_, 2990; weán oft gehêt earmre teohhe, _with woe often threatened the
unhappy band_, 2938; pret. pl. gehêton ät härgtrafum wig-weorðunga, _vowed
offerings at the shrines of the gods_, 175; þonne we gehêton ûssum hlâforde
þät ..., _when we promised our lord that_..., 2635; pret. part. sió gehâten
[wäs] ... gladum suna Frôdan, _betrothed to the glad son of Froda_, 2025.
hâtor, st. m. n., _heat_: in comp. and-hâtor.
häft, adj., _held, bound, fettered_: nom. sg., 2409; acc. sg. helle häftan,
_him fettered by hell_ (Grendel), 789.
häft-mêce, st. m., _sword with fetters_ or _chains_ (cf. fetel-hilt): dat.
sg. þäm häft-mêce, 1458. See Note.
häg-steald, st. m., _man, liegeman, youth_: gen. pl. häg-stealdra, 1890.
häle, st. m., _man_: nom. sg., 1647, 1817, 3112; acc. sg. häle, 720; dat.
pl. hælum (hænum, MS.), 1984.
häleð, st. m., _hero, fighter, warrior, man_: nom. sg., 190, 331, 1070;
nom. pl. häleð, 52, 2248, 2459, 3143; dat. pl. häleðum 1710, 1962, etc.;
gen. pl. häleða, 467, 497, 612, 663, etc.
härg. See hearg.
hæð, st. f., _heath_: dat. sg. hæðe, 2213.
hæðen, adj., _heathenish_; acc. sg. hæðene sâwle, 853; dat. sg. hæðnum
horde, 2217; gen. sg. hæðenes, _of the heathen_ (Grendel), 987; gen. pl.
hæðenra, 179.
hæð-stapa, w. m., _that which goes about on the heath_ (stag): nom. sg.,
1369
hæl, st. f.: 1) _health, welfare, luck_: acc. sg. him hæl âbeád, 654; mid
hæle, 1218.--2) _favorable sign, favorable omen_: hæl sceáwedon, _observed
favorable signs_ (for Beówulf's undertaking), 204.
hælo, st. f., _health, welfare, luck_: acc. sg. hælo âbeád heorð-geneátum,
2419.--Comp. un-hælo.
hæst (O.H.G. haisterâ hantî, manu violenta; heist, ira; heistigo,
iracunde), adj., _violent, vehement_: acc. sg. þurh hæstne hâd, 1336.
he, fem. heó, neut. hit, pers. pron., _he, she, it_; in the oblique cases
also reflexive, _himself, herself, itself_: acc. sg. hine, hî, hit; dat.
sg. him, hire, him; gen. sg. his, hire, his; plur. acc. nom. hî, hig, hie;
dat. him; gen. hira, heora, hiera, hiora.--he omitted before the verb, 68,
300, 2309, 2345.
hebban, st. v., _to raise, to lift_, w. acc.: inf. siððan ic hond and rond
hebban mihte, 657; pret. part. hafen, 1291; häfen, 3024.
â-hebban, _raise, to lift from, to take away_: wäs ... icge gold âhafen of
horde, _taken up from the hoard_, 1109; þâ wäs ... wôp up âhafen, _a cry of
distress raised_, 128
ge-hegan [ge-hêgan], w. v., _to enclose, to fence_: þing gehegan, _to mark
off the court, hold court_. Here figurative: inf. sceal ... âna gehegan
þing wið þyrse (_shall alone decide the matter with Grendel_), 425.
hel, st. f., _hell_: nom. sg., 853; acc. sg. helle, 179; dat. sg. helle,
101, 589; (as instr.), 789; gen. sg. helle, 1275.
hel-bend, st. m. f. _bond of hell_: instr. pl. hell-bendum fäst, 3073.
hel-rûna, w. m., _sorcerer_: nom. pl. helrûnan, 163.
be-helan, st. v., _to conceal, to hide_: pret. part. be-holen, 414.
helm, st. m.: 1) _protection in general, defence, covering that protects_:
acc. sg. on helm, 1393; under helm, 1746.--2) _helmet_: nom. sg., 1630;
acc. sg. helm, 673, 1023, 1527, 2988; (helo, MS.), 2724; brûn-fâgne,
gold-fâhne helm, 2616, 2812; dat. sg. under helme, 342, 404; gen. sg.
helmes, 1031; acc. pl. helmas, 240, 2639.--3) _defence, protector_,
designation of the king: nom. sg. helm Scyldinga (Hrôðgâr), 371, 456, 1322;
acc. sg. heofena helm _(the defender of the heavens_ = God), 182; helm
Scylfinga, 2382.--Comp.: grîm-, gûð-, heaðo-, niht-helm.
ofer-helmian, w. v. w. acc., _to cover over, to overhang_: pres. sg. III.
ofer-helmað, 1365.
helm-berend, pres. part., _helm-wearing_ (warrior): acc. pl. helmberend,
2518, 2643.
helpan, st. v., _to help_: inf. þät him holt-wudu helpan ne meahte, lind
wið lîge, _that a wooden shield could not help him, a linden shield against
flame_, 2341; þät him îrenna ecge mihton helpan ät hilde, 2685; wutun
gangan to, helpan hildfruman, _let us go thitherto help the battle-chief_,
2650; w. gen. ongan ... mæges helpan, _began to help my kinsman_, 2880; so,
pret. sg. þær he his mæges (MS. mägenes) healp, 2699.
help, m. and f., _help, support, maintenance_: acc. sg. helpe, 551, 1553;
dat. sg. tô helpe, 1831; acc. sg. helpe, 2449.
hende, _-handed_: in comp. îdel-hende.
her, adv., _here_, 397, 1062, 1229, 1655, 1821, 2054, 2797, etc.; _hither_,
244, 361, 376.
here (Goth, harji-s), st. m., _army, troops_: dat. sg. on herge, _in the
army, on a warlike expedition, 1249; in the army, among the fighting men_,
2639; as instr. herge, 2348.--Comp.: flot-, scip-, sin-here.
here-brôga, w. m., _terror of the army, fear of war_: dat. sg. for
here-brôgan, 462.
here-byrne, w. f., _battle-mail, coat of mail_: nom. sg., 1444.
here-grîma, w. m., _battle-mask_, i.e. helmet (with visor): dat. sg.
-grîman, 396, 2050, 2606.
here-net, st. n., _battle-net_, i.e. coat of mail (of interlaced rings):
nom. sg., 1554.
here-nîð, st. m., _battle-enmity, battle of armies_: nom. sg., 2475.
here-pâd, st. f., _army-dress_, i.e. coat of mail, armor: nom. sg., 2259.
here-rinc, st. m., _army-hero, hero in battle, warrior_: acc. sg. here-rinc
(MS. here ric), 1177.
here-sceaft, st. m., _battle-shaft_, i.e. spear: gen. pl. here-sceafta
heáp, 335.
here-spêd, st. f., _(war-speed), luck in war_: nom. sg., 64.
here-stræl, st. m., _war-arrow, missile_: nom. sg., 1436.
here-syrce, w. f., _battle-shirt, shirt of mail_: acc. sg. here-syrcan,
1512.
here-wæd, st. f., _army-dress, coat of mail, armor_: dat. pl. (as instr.)
here-wædum, 1898.
here-wæsma, w. m., _war-might, fierce strength in battle_: dat. pl. an
here-wæsmum, 678.--Leo.
here-wîsa, w. m., _leader of the army_, i.e. ruler, king: nom. sg., 3021.
herg, hearg, st. m., _image of a god, grove where a god was worshipped_,
hence to the Christian a wicked place(?): dat. pl. hergum geheaðerod,
_confined in wicked places_ (parallel with hell-bendum fäst), 3073.
herigean, w. v. w. dat. of pers., _to provide with an army, to support with
an army_: pres. sg. I. ic þe wel herige, 1834.--Leo.
hete, st. m., _hate, enmity_: nom. sg. 142, 2555.--Comp.: ecg-, morðor-,
wîg-hete.
hete-lîc, adj., _hated_: nom. sg., 1268.
hetend, hettend, (pres. part. of hetan, see hatian), _enemy_, hostis: nom.
pl. hetende, 1829; dat. pl. wið hettendum, 3005.
hete-nîð, st. m., _enmity full of hate_: acc. pl. hete-nîðas, 152.
hete-sweng, st. m., _a blow from hate_: acc. pl. hete-swengeas, 2226.
hete-þanc, st. m., _hate-thought, a hostile design_: dat. pl. mid his
hete-þancum, 475.
hêdan, ge-hêdan, w. v. w. gen.: 1) _to protect_: pret. sg. ne hêdde he þäs
heafolan, _did not protect his head_, 2698.--2) _to obtain_: subj. pret.
sg. III. gehêdde, 505.
hêrian, w. v. w. acc., _to praise, to commend_: with reference to God, _to
adore_: inf. heofena helm hêrian ne cûðon, _could not worship the defence
of the heavens_ (God), 182; ne hûru Hildeburh hêrian þorfte Eotena treówe,
_had no need to praise the fidelity of the Eotens_, 1072; pres. subj. þät
mon his wine-dryhten wordum hêrge, 3177.
ge-heaðerian, w. v., _to force, to press in_: pret. part. ge-heaðerod,
3073.
heaðo-byrne, w. f., _battle-mail, shirt of mail_: nom. sg., 1553.
heaðo-deór, adj., _bold in battle, brave_: nom. sg., 689; dat. pl.
heaðo-deórum, 773.
heaðo-fyr, st. n., _battle-fire, hostile fire_: gen. sg. heaðu-fýres, 2523;
instr. pl. heaðo-fýrum, 2548, of the drake's fire-spewing.
heaðo-grim, adj., _grim in battle_, 548.
heaðo-helm, st. m., _battle-helmet, war-helmet_: nom. sg., 3157(?).
heaðo-lâc, st. n., _battle-play, battle_: dat. sg. ät heaðo-lâce, 584; gen.
sg. heaðo-lâces hâl, 1975.
heaðo-mære, adj., _renowned in battle_: acc. pl. -mære, 2803.
heaðo-ræs, st. m., _storm of battle, attack in battle, entrance by force_:
nom. sg., 557; acc. pl. -ræsas, 1048; gen. pl. -ræsa, 526.
heaðo-reáf, st. n., _battle-dress, equipment for battle_: acc. sg.
heaðo-reáf heóldon (_kept the equipments_), 401.
heaðo-rinc, st. m., _battle-hero, warrior_: acc. sg. þone heaðo-rinc
(Hrêðel's son, Hæðcyn), 2467; dat. pl. þæm heaðo-rincum, 370.
heaðo-rôf, adj., _renowned in battle_: nom. sg., 381; nom. pl. heaðo-rôfe,
865.
heaðo-scearp, adj., _sharp in battle, bold_: n. m. pl. (-scearde, MS.),
2830.
heaðo-seóc, adj., _battle-sick_: dat. sg. -siócum, 2755.
heaðo-steáp, adj., _high in battle, excelling in battle_: nom. sg. in weak
form, heaðo-steápa, 1246; acc. sg. heaðo-steápne, 2154, both times of the
helmet.
heaðo-swât, st. m., _blood of battle_: dat. sg. heaðo-swâte, 1607; as
instr., 1461; gen. pl. hâtost heaðo-swâta, 1669.
heaðo-sweng, st. m., _battle-stroke_ (blow of the sword): dat. sg. äfter
heaðu-swenge, 2582.
heaðo-torht, adj., _loud, clear in battle_: nom. sg. stefn ... heaðo-torht,
_the voice clear in battle_, 2554.
heaðo-wæd, st. f., _battle-dress, coat of mail, armor_: instr. pl.
heaðo-wædum, 39.
heaðo-weorc, st. n., _battle-work, battle_: acc. sg., 2893.
heaðo-wylm, st. m., _hostile (flame-) wave_: acc. pl. hâte heaðo-wylmas,
2820; gen. pl. heaðo-wylma, 82.
heaf, st. n., _sea_: acc. pl. ofer heafo, 2478. See Note.
heafola. See hafela.
heal, st. f., _hall, main apartment, large building_ (consisting of an
assembly-hall and a banqueting-hall): nom. sg. heal, 1152, 1215; heall,
487; acc. sg. healle, 1088; dat. sg. healle, 89, 615, 643, 664, 926, 1010,
1927, etc.; gen. sg. [healle], 389.--Comp.: gif-, meodo-heal.
heal-ärn, st. n., _hall-building, hall-house_: gen. sg. heal-ärna, 78.
heal-gamen, st. n., _social enjoyment in the hall, hall-joy_: nom. sg.,
1067.
heal-reced, st. n., _hall-building_: acc. sg., 68.
heal-sittend, pres. part., _sitting in the hall_ (at the banquet): dat. pl.
heal-sittendum, 2869; gen. pl. heal-sittendra, 2016.
heal-þegn, st. m., _hall-thane_, i.e. a warrior who holds the hall: gen.
sg. heal-þegnes, of Grendel, 142; acc. pl. heal-þegnas, of Beówulfs band,
720.
heal-wudu, _hall-wood_, i.e. hall built of wood: nom. sg., 1318.
healdan, st. v. w. acc.: 1) _to hold, to hold fast; to support_: pret. pl.
hû þâ stânbogan ... êce eorðreced innan heóldon (MS. healde), _how the
arches of rock within held the everlasting earth-house_, 2720. Pret. sg.,
with a person as object: heóld hine to fäste, _held him too fast_, 789; w.
the dat. he him freóndlârum heóld, _supported him with friendly advice_,
2378.--2) _to hold, to watch, to preserve, to keep_; reflexive, _to
maintain one's self, to keep one's self_: pres. sg. II. eal þu hit geþyldum
healdest, mägen mid môdes snyttrum, _all that preservest thou continuously,
strength and wisdom of mind_, 1706; III. healdeð hige-mêðum heáfod-wearde,
_holds for the dead the head-watch_, 2910; imp. sg. II. heald forð tela
niwe sibbe, _keep well, from now on, the new relationship_, 949; heald
(heold, MS.) þu nu hruse ... eorla æhte, _preserve thou now, Earth, the
noble men's possessions_, 2248; inf. se þe holmclifu healdan scolde, _watch
the sea-cliffs_, 230; so, 705; nacan ... ârum healdan, _to keep well your
vessel_, 296; wearde healdan, 319; forlêton eorla gestreón eorðan healdan,
3168; pres. part. dreám healdende, _holding rejoicing_ (i.e. thou who art
rejoicing), 1228; pret. sg. heóld hine syððan fyr and fästor, _kept himself
afterwards afar and more secure_, 142; ægwearde heóld, _I have (hitherto)
kept watch on the sea_, 241; so, 305; hióld heáh-lufan wið häleða brego,
_preserved high love_, 1955; ginfästan gife ... heóld, 2184; gold-mâðmas
heóld, _took care of the treasures of gold_, 2415; heóld mîn tela,
_protected well mine own_, 2738; þonne ... sceft ... nytte heóld, _had
employment, was employed_, 3119; heóld mec, _protected_, i.e. brought me
up, 2431; pret. pl. heaðo-reáf heóldon, _watched over the armor_, 401; sg.
for pl. heáfodbeorge ... walan ûtan heóld, _outwards, bosses kept guard
over the head_, 1032.--Related to the preceding meaning are the two
following: 3) _to rule and protect the fatherland_: inf. gif þu healdan
wylt maga rice, 1853; pret. heóld, 57, 2738.--4) _to hold, to have, to
possess, to inhabit_: inf. lêt þone brego-stôl Beówulf healdan, 2390;
gerund. tô healdanne hleóburh wera, 1732; pret. sg. heóld, 103, 161, 466,
1749, 2752; lyftwynne heóld nihtes hwîlum, _at night-time had the enjoyment
of the air_, 3044; pret. pl. Geáta leóde hreâwic heóldon, _the Geátas held
the place of corpses_ (lay dead upon it), 1215; pret. sg. þær heó ær mæste
heóld worolde wynne, _in which she formerly possessed the highest earthly
joy_, 1080.--5) _to win, to receive_: pret. pl. I. heoldon heáh gesceap,
_we received a heavy fate, heavy fate befell us_, 3085.
be-healdan, w. acc.: 1) _to take care of, to attend to_: pret. sg. þegn
nytte beheóld, _a thane discharged the office_, 494; so, 668.--2) _to
hold_: pret. sg. se þe flôda begong ... beheóld, 1499.--3) _to look at, to
behold_: þryðswyð beheóld mæg Higelâces hû ..., _great woe saw H.'s
kinsman, how ..._, 737.
for-healdan, w. acc., _(to hold badly), to fall away from, to rebel_: pret.
part. häfdon hy forhealden helm Scylfinga, _had rebelled against the
defender of the Scylfings_, 2382.
ge-healdan: 1) _to hold, to receive, to hold fast_: pres. sg. III. se þe
waldendes hyldo gehealdeð, _who receives the Lord's grace_, 2294; pres.
subj. fäder alwalda ... eówic gehealde sîða gesunde, _keep you sound on
your journey_, 317; inf. ne meahte he ... on þam frum-gâre feorh gehealdan,
_could not hold back the life in his lord_, 2857.--2) _to take care, to
preserve, to watch over; to stop_: imp. sg. hafa nu and geheald hûsa
sêlest, 659; inf. gehealdan hêt hilde-geatwe, 675; pret. sg. he frätwe
geheóld fela missera, 2621; þone þe ær geheóld wið hettendum hord and rîce,
_him who before preserved treasure and realm_, 3004.--3) _to rule_: inf.
folc gehealdan, 912; pret. sg. geheóld tela (brâde rîce), 2209.
healf, st. f., _half, side, part_: acc. sg. on þâ healfe, _towards this
side_, 1676; dat. sg. häleðum be healfe, _at the heroes' side_, 2263; acc.
pl. on twâ healfa, _upon two sides, mutually_, 1096; on bâ healfa (healfe),
_on both sides_ (to Grendel and his mother), 1306; _on two sides, on both
sides_, 2064; gen. pl. on healfa gehwone, _in half, through the middle_,
801.
healf, adj., _half_: gen. sg. healfre, 1088.
heals, st. m., _neck_: acc. sg. heals, 2692; dat. sg. wið halse, 1567; be
healse, 1873.--Comp.: the adjectives fâmig-, wunden-heals.
heals-beáh, st. m., _neck-ring, collar_: acc. sg. þone heals-beáh, 2173;
gen. pl. heals-beága, 1196.
heals-gebedde, w. f., _beloved bedfellow, wife_: nom. sg. healsgebedde (MS.
healsgebedda), 63.
healsian, w. v. w. acc., _to entreat earnestly, to implore_: pret. sg. þâ
se þeóden mec ... healsode hreóh-môd þät..., _entreated me sorrowful,
that_..., 2133.
heard, adj.: 1) of persons, _able, efficient in war, strong, brave_: nom.
sg. heard, 342, 376, 404, 1575, 2540, etc.; in weak form, se hearda, 401,
1964; se hearda þegn, 2978; þes hearda heáp, 432; nom. pl. hearde
hilde-frecan, 2206; gen. pl. heardra, 989. Comparative: acc. sg. heardran
häle, 720. With accompanying gen.: wîges heard, _strong in battle_, 887;
dat. sg. nîða heardum, 2171.--2) of the implements of war, _good, firm,
sharp, hard_: nom. sg. (gûð-byrne, lîc-syrce) heard, 322, 551. In weak
form: masc. here-stræl hearda, 1436; se hearda helm, 2256; neutr. here-net
hearde, 1554; acc. sg. (swurd, wæpen), heard, 540, 2688, 2988; nom. pl.
hearde ... homera lâfe, 2830; heard and hring-mæl Heaðobeardna gestreón,
2038; acc. pl. heard sweord, 2639. Of other things, _hard, rough, harsh,
hard to bear_: acc. sg. hreðer-bealo hearde, 1344; nom. sg. wrôht ...
heard, 2915; here-nîð hearda, 2475; acc. sg. heoro-sweng heardne, 1591;
instr. sg. heardan ceápe, 2483; instr. pl. heardan, heardum clammum, 964,
1336; gen. pl. heardra hýnða, 166. Compar.: acc. sg. heardran feohtan,
576.--Comp.: fýr-, îren-, nîð-, regn-, scûr-heard.
hearde, adv., _hard, very_, 1439.
heard-ecg, adj., _sharp-edged, hard, good in battle_: nom. sg., 1289.
heard-fyrde, adj., _hard to take away, heavy_: acc. sg. hard-fyrdne,
2246.--Leo.
heard-hycgend, pres. part. _of a warlike disposition, brave_: nom. pl.
-hicgende, 394, 800.
hearg-träf, st. n., _tent of the gods, temple_: dat. pl. ät härg-trafum
(MS. hrærg trafum), 175.
hearm, st. m., _harm, injury, insult_: dat. sg. mid hearme, 1893.
hearm-sceaða, w. m., _enemy causing injury_ or _grief_: nom. sg.
hearm-scaða, 767.
hearpe, w. f., _harp_: gen. sg. hearpan swêg, 89, 3024; hearpan wynne
(wyn), 2108, 2263.
heáðu, st. f., _sea, waves_: acc. sg. heáðu, 1863?
heáðu-lîðend, pres. part., _sea-farer, sailor_: nom. pl. -lîðende, 1799;
dat. pl. -lîðendum (designation of the Geátas), 2956.
heáfod, st. n., _head_: acc. sg., 48, 1640; dat. sg. heáfde, 1591, 2291,
2974; dat. pl. heáfdum, 1243.
heáfod-beorh, st. f., _head-defence, protection for the head_: acc. sg.
heáfod-beorge, 1031.
heáfod-mæg, st. m., _head-kinsman, near blood-relative_: dat. pl.
heáfod-mægum (_brothers_), 589; gen. pl. heáfod-mâga, 2152.
heáfod-segn, st. n., _head-sign, banner_: acc. sg., 2153.
heáfod-weard, st. f., _head-watch_ acc. sg. healdeð ... heáfod-wearde
leófes and lâðes, _for the friend and the foe_ (Beówulf and the drake, who
lie dead near each other), 2910.
heáh, heá, adj., _high, noble_ (in composition, also primus): nom. sg. heáh
Healfdene, 57; heá (Higelâc), 1927; heáh (sele), 82; heáh hlæw, 2806, 3159;
acc. sg. heáh (segn), 48, 2769; heáhne (MS. heánne) hrôf, 984; dat. sg. in
(tô) sele þam heán, 714, 920; gen. sg. heán hûses, 116.--_high, heavy_:
acc. heáh gesceap (_an unusual, heavy fate_), 3085.
heá-burh, st. f., _high city, first city of a country_: acc. sg., 1128.
heáh-cyning, st. m., _high king, mightiest of the kings_: gen. sg.
-cyninges (of Hrôðgâr), 1040.
heáh-gestreón, st. n., _splendid treasure_: gen. pl. -gestreóna, 2303.
heáh-lufe, w. f., _high love_: acc. sg. heáh-lufan, 1955.
heáh-sele, st. m., _high hall, first hall in the land, hall of the ruler_:
dat. sg. heáh-sele, 648.
heáh-setl, st. n., _high seat, throne_: acc. sg., 1088.
heáh-stede, st. m., _high place, ruler's place_: dat. sg. on heáh-stede,
285.
heán, adj., _depressed, low, despised, miserable_: nom. sg., 1275, 2100,
2184, 2409.
heáp, st. m., _heap, crowd, troop_: nom. sg. þegna heáp, 400; þes hearda
heáp, _this brave band_, 432; acc. sg. here-sceafta heáp, _the crowd of
spears_, 335; mago-rinca heáp, 731; dat. sg. on heápe, _in a compact body_,
as many as there were of them, 2597.--Comp. wîg-heáp.
heáwan, st. v., _to hew, to cleave_: inf., 801.
ge-heáwan, _cleave_: pres. subj. ge-heáwe, 683.
heoðu, st. f., _the interior of a building_: dat. sg. þät he on heoðe
gestôd, _in the interior_ (of the hall, Heorot), 404.
heofon, st. m., _heaven_: nom. sg., 3157; dat. sg. hefene, 1572; gen. sg.
heofenes, 414, 576, 1802, etc.; gen. pl. heofena, 182; dat. pl. under
heofenum, 52, 505.
heolfor, st. n., _gore, fresh_ or _crude blood_: dat. instr. sg. hâtan
heolfre, 850, 1424; heolfre, 2139; under heolfre, 1303.
heolster, st. n., _haunt, hiding-place_: acc. sg. on heolster, 756.
heonan, adv., _hence, from here_: heonan, 252; heonon, 1362.
heor, st. m., _door-hinge_: nom. pl. heorras, 1000.
heorde, adj. See wunden-heorde.
heorð-geneát, st. m., _hearth-companion_, i.e. a vassal of the king, in
whose castle he receives his livelihood: nom. pl. heorð-geneátas, 261,
3181; acc. pl. heorð-geneátas, 1581, 2181; dat. pl. heorð-geneátum, 2419.
heorot, st. m., _stag_: nom. sg., 1370.
heorte, w. f., _heart_: nom. sg., 2562; dat. sg. ät heortan, 2271; gen. sg.
heortan, 2464, 2508.--Comp.: the adjectives blîð-, grom-, rûm-,
stearc-heort.
heoru, st. m., _sword_: nom. sg. heoru bunden (cf. under bîndan), 1286. In
some of the following compounds heoro- seems to be confounded with here-
(see here).
heoro-blâc, adj., _pale through the sword, fatally wounded_: nom. sg.
[heoro-]blâc, 2489.
heoru-dreór, st. m., _sword-blood_: instr. sg. heoru-dreóre, 487;
heoro-dreóre, 850.
heoro-dreórig, adj., _bloody through the sword_: nom. sg., 936; acc. sg.
heoro-dreórigne, 1781, 2721.
heoro-drync, st. m., _sword-drink_, i.e. blood shed by the sword: instr.
pl. hioro-dryncum swealt, _died through sword-drink_, i.e. struck by the
sword, 2359.
heoro-gîfre, adj., _eager for hostile inroads_: nom. sg., 1499.
heoro-grim, adj., _sword-grim, fierce in battle_: nom. sg. m., 1565; fem.
-grimme, 1848.
heoro-hôcihte, adj., _provided with barbs, sharp like swords _: instr. pl.
mid eofer-spreótum heoro-hôcyhtum, 1439.
heoro-serce, w. f., _shirt of mail_: acc. sg. hioro-sercean, 2540.
heoro-sweng, st. m., _sword-stroke_: acc. sg. 1591.
heoro-weallende, pres. part., _rolling around fighting_, of the drake,
2782. See weallian.
heoro-wearh, st. m. _he who is sword-cursed, who is destined to die by the
sword_: nom. sg., 1268.
heófan, w. v., _to lament, to moan_: part. nom. pl. hiófende, 3143.
â-heóran, _to free_ (?): w. acc. pret. sg. brýd âheórde, 2931.
heóre, adj., _pleasant, not haunted, secure_: nom. sg. fem, nis þät heóru
stôw, _that is no secure place_, 1373.--Comp. un-heóre (-hýre).
hider, adv., _hither_, 240, 370, 394, 3093, etc.
ofer-higian, w. v. (according to the connection, probably), _to exceed_,
2767. (O.H.G. ubar-hugjan, _to be arrogant_.)
hild, st. f., _battle, combat_: nom. sg., 452, 902, 1482, 2077; hild
heoru-grimme, 1848; acc. sg. hilde, 648; instr. sg. hilde, _through
combat_, 2917; dat. sg. ät hilde, 1461.
hilde-bil, st. n., _battle-sword_: nom. sg., 1667; instr. dat. sg.
hilde-bille, 557, 1521.
hilde-bord, st. n., _battle-shield_: acc. pl. hilde-bord, 397; instr. pl.
-bordum, 3140.
hilde-cyst, st. f., _excellence in battle, bravery in battle_: instr. pl.
-cystum, 2599.
hilde-deór, adj., _bold in battle, brave in battle_: nom. sg., 312, 835,
1647, 1817; hilde-diór, 3112; nom. pl. hilde-deóre, 3171.
hilde-freca, w. m., _hero in battle_: nom. pl. hilde-frecan, 2206; dat. sg.
hild-frecan, 2367.
hilde-geatwe, st. f. pl., _equipment for battle, adornment for combat_:
acc. hilde-geatwe, 675; gen. -geatwa, 2363.
hilde-gicel, st. m., _battle-icicle_, i.e. the blood which hangs upon the
sword-blades like icicles: instr. pl. hilde-gicelum, 1607.
hilde-grâp, st. f., _battle-gripe_: nom. sg., 1447, 2508.
hilde-hlemma, w. m., _one raging in battle, warrior, fighter_: nom. sg.,
2352, 2545; dat. pl. eft þät ge-eode ... hilde-hlämmum, _it happened to the
warriors_ (the Geátas), 2202.
hilde-leóma, w. m., _battle-light, gleam of battle_, hence: 1) the
fire-spewing of the drake in the fight: nom. pl. -leóman, 2584.--2) _the
gleaming sword_: acc. sg. -leóman, 1144.
hilde-mecg, st. m., _man of battle, warrior_: nom. pl. hilde-mecgas, 800.
hilde-mêce, st. m., _battle-sword_: nom. pl. -mêceas, 2203.
hilde-rand, st. m., _battle-shield_: acc. pl. -randas, 1243.
hllde-ræs, st. m., _storm of battle_: acc. sg., 300.
hilde-rinc, st. m., _man of battle, warrior, hero_: nom. sg., 1308, 3125,
3137; dat. sg. hilde-rince, 1496; gen. sg. hilde-rinces, 987.
hilde-säd, adj., _satiated with battle, not wishing to fight any more_:
acc. sg. hilde-sädne, 2724.
hilde-sceorp, st. n., _battle-dress, armor, coat of mail_: acc. sg., 2156.
hilde-setl, st. n., _battle-seat_ (saddle): nom. sg., 1040.
hilde-strengo, st. f., _battle-strength, bravery in battle_: acc., 2114.
hilde-swât, st. m., _battle-sweat_: nom. sg. hât hilde-swât (the hot, damp
breath of the drake as he rushes on), 2559.
hilde-tux, st. m., _battle-tooth_: instr. pl. hilde-tuxum, 1512.
hilde-wæpen, st. m., _battle-weapon_: instr. pl. -wæpnum, 39.
hilde-wîsa, w. m., _leader in battle, general_: dat. sg. fore Healfdenes
hildewîsan, _Healfdene's general_ (Hnäf), 1065.
hild-freca. See hilde-freca
hild-fruma, st. m., _battle-chief_: dat. sg. -fruma, 1679, 2650; gen. sg.
þäs hild-fruman, 2836.
hlld-lata, w. m., _he who is late in battle, coward_: nom. pl. þâ
hild-latan, 2847.
hilt, st. n., _sword-hilt_: nom. gylden hilt, 1678; acc. sg. þät hilt,
1669; hylt, 1668. Also used in the plural; acc. þâ hilt, 1615; dat. pl, be
hiltum, 1575.--Comp.: fetel-, wreoðen-hilt.
hilte-cumbor, st. n., _banner with a staff_: acc. sg., 1023.
hilted, pret. part., _provided with a hilt_ or _handle_: acc. sg. heard
swyrd hiked, _sword with a_ (rich) _hilt_, 2988.
hin-fûs, adj., _ready to die_: nom. sg. hyge wäs him hinfûs (i.e. he felt
that he should not survive), 756.
hindema, adj. superl., _hindmost, last_: instr. sg. hindeman sîðe, _the
last time, for the last time_, 2050, 2518.
hirde, hyrde, st. m., (_herd_) _keeper, guardian, possessor_: nom. sg.
folces hyrde, 611, 1833, 2982; rîces hyrde, 2028; fyrena hyrde, _the
guardian of mischief, wicked one_, 751, 2220; wuldres hyrde, _the king of
glory, God_, 932; hringa hyrde, _the keeper of the rings_, 2246; cumbles
hyrde, _the possessor of the banner, the bearer of the banner_, 2506;
folces hyrde, 1850; frätwa hyrde, 3134; rîces hyrde, 3081; acc. pl. hûses
hyrdas, 1667.--Comp.: grund-hyrde.
hit (O.N. hita), st. f. (?), _heat_: nom. sg. þenden hyt sý, 2650.
hladan, st. v.: 1) _to load, to lay_: inf. on bæl hladan leófne mannan,
_lay the dear man on the funeral-pile_, 2127; him on bearm hladan bunan and
discas, _laid cups and plates upon his bosom, loaded himself with them_,
2776; pret. part. þær wäs wunden gold on wæn hladen, _laid upon the wain_,
3135.--2) _to load, to burden_: pret. part. þâ wäs ... sægeáp naca hladen
herewædum, _loaded with armor_, 1898.--Comp. gilp-hläden.
ge-hladan, w. acc., _to load, to burden_: pret. sg. sæbât gehlôd (MS
gehleod), 896.
hlâford, st. m., _lord, ruler_: nom. sg., 2376; acc. sg., 267; dat. sg.
hlâforde, 2635; gen. sg. hlâfordes, 3181.--Comp. eald-hlâford.
hlâford-leás; adj., _without a lord_: nom. pl. hlâford-leáse, 2936.
hlâw, hlæw, st. m., _grave-hill_: acc. sg. hlæw, 2803, 3159, 3171; dat. sg.
for hlâwe, 1121. Also, _grave-chamber_ (the interior of the grave-hill),
_cave_: acc. sg. hlâw [under] hrusan, 2277; hlæw under hrusan, 2412; dat.
sg. on hlæwe, 2774. The drake dwells in the rocky cavern which the former
owner of his treasure had chosen as his burial-place, 2242-2271.
hläst, st. n., _burden, load_: dat. sg. hläste, 52.
hlem, st. m., _noise, din of battle, noisy attack_: in the compounds, uht-,
wäl-hlem.
hlemma, w. m., _one raging, one who calls_; see hilde-hlemma.
â-hlehhan, st. v., _to laugh aloud, to shout, to exult_: pret. sg. his môd
âhlôg, _his mood exulted_, 731.
hleahtor, st. m., _laughter_: nom. sg., 612; acc. sg., 3021.
hleápan, st. v., _to run, to trot, to spring_: inf. hleápan lêton ...
fealwe mearas, 865.
â-hleapan, _to spring up_: pret. âhleóp, 1398.
hleoðu. See hlið.
hleonian, w. v., _to incline, to hang over_: inf. oð þät he ...
fyrgen-beámas ofer hârne stân hleonian funde, _till he found mountain-trees
hanging over the gray rocks_, 1416.
hleó, st. m., _shady, protected place; defence, shelter_; figurative
designation of the king, or of powerful nobles: wîgendra hleó, of Hrôðgâr,
429; of Sigemund, 900; of Beówulf, 1973, 2338; eorla hleó, of Hrôðgâr,
1036, 1867; of Beówulf, 792; of Hygelâc, 2191.
hleó-burh, st. f., _ruler's castle_ or _city_: acc. sg., 913, 1732.
hleóðor-cwyde, st. m., _speech of solemn sound, ceremonious words_, 1980.
hleór, st. n., _cheek, jaw_: in comp. fäted-hleór (adj.).
hleór-bera, w. m., _cheek-bearer_, the part of the helmet that reaches down
over the cheek and protects it: acc. pl. ofer hleór-beran (_visor_?), 304.
hleór-bolster, st. m., _cheek-bolster, pillow_: nom. sg., 689.
hleótan, st. v. w. acc., _to obtain by lot, to attain, to get_: pret. sg.
feorh-wunde hleát, 2386.
hlifian, w. v., _to rise, to be prominent_: inf. hlifian, 2806; pret.
hlifade, 81, 1800, 1899.
hlið, st. n., _cliff, precipice of a mountain_: dat. sg. on hliðe, 3159;
gen. sg. hliðes, 1893; pl. hliðo in composition, stân-hliðo; hleoðu in the
compounds fen-, mist-, näs-, wulf-hleoðu.
hlin-bed (Frisian hlen-bed, Richthofen 206^28, for which another text has
cronk-bed), st. n., [Greek: klinidion], _bed for reclining, sick-bed_: acc.
sg. hlim-bed, 3035.
tô-hlîdan, st. v., _to spring apart, to burst_: pret. part. nom. pl.
tô-hlidene, 1000.
hlûd, adj., _loud_: acc. sg. dreám ... hlûdne, 89.
hlyn, st. m., _din, noise, clatter_: nom. sg., 612.
hlynnan, hlynian, w. v., _to sound, to resound_: inf. hlynnan (of the
voice), 2554; of fire, _to crackle_: pret. sg. hlynode, 1121.
hlynsian, w. v., _to resound, to crash_: pret. sg. reced hlynsode, 771.
hlytm, st. m., _lot_: dat. sg. näs þâ on hlytme, hwâ þät hord strude, _it
did not depend upon lot who should plunder the hoard_, i.e. its possession
was decided, 3127.
hnâh, adj.: 1) _low, inferior_: comp. acc. sg. hnâgran, 678; dat. sg.
hnâhran rince, _an inferior hero, one less brave_, 953.--2) _familiarly
intimate_: nom. sg. näs hió hnâh swâ þeáh, _was nevertheless not familiarly
intimate_ (with the Geátas, i.e. preserved her royal dignity towards them),
(_niggardly_?), 1930.
hnægan, w. v. w. acc., (for nægan), _to speak to, to greet_: pret. sg. þät
he þone wîsan wordum hnægde freán Ingwina, 1319.
ge-hnægan, w. acc., _to bend, to humiliate, to strike down, to fell_: pret.
sg. ge-hnægde helle gâst, 1275; þær hyne Hetware hilde gehnægdon, 2917.
hnitan, st. v., _to dash against, to encounter_, here of the collision of
hostile bands: pret. pl. þonne hniton (hnitan) fêðan, 1328, 2545.
hoðma, w. m., _place of concealment, cave_, hence, _the grave_: dat. sg. in
hoðman, 2459.
hof, st. n., _enclosed space, court-yard, estate, manor-house_: acc. sg.
hof (Hrôðgâr's residence), 312; dat. sg. tô hofe sînum (Grendel's home in
the sea), 1508; tô hofe (Hygelâc's residence), 1975; acc. pl. beorht hofu,
2314; dat. pl. tô hofum Geáta, 1837.
hogode. See hycgan.
hold, adj., _inclined to, attached to, gracious, dear, true_: nom. sg. w.
dat. of the person, hold weorod freán Scyldinga, _a band well disposed to
the lord of the Scyldings_, 290; mandrihtne hold, 1230; Hygelâce wäs ...
nefa swýðe hold, _to H. was his nephew_ (Beówulf) _very much attached_,
2171; acc. sg. þurh holdne hige, _from a kindly feeling, with honorable
mind_, 267; holdne wine, 376; holdne, 1980; gen. pl. holdra, 487.
hold. See healdan.
holm, st. m., _deep sea_: nom. sg., 519, 1132, 2139; acc. sg., 48, 633;
dat. sg. holme, 543, 1436, 1915; acc. pl. holmas, 240.--Comp. wæg-holm.
holm-clif, st. n., _sea-cliff_: dat. sg. on þam holm-clife, 1422; from þäm
holmclife, 1636; acc. pl. holm-clifu, 230.
holm-wylm, st. m., _the waves of the sea_: dat. sg. holm-wylme, 2412.
holt, st. n., _wood, thicket, forest._ acc. sg. on holt, 2599; holt,
2847.--Comp.: äsc-, fyrgen-, gâr-, Hrefnes-holt.
holt-wudu, st. m., _forest-wood_: 1) of the material: nom. sg., 2341.--2) =
_forest_: acc. sg., 1370.
hord, st. m. and n., _hoard, treasure_: nom. sg., 2284, 3085; beága hord,
2285; mâðma hord, 3012; acc. sg. hord, 913, 2213, 2320, 2510, 2745, 2774,
2956, 3057; sâwle hord, 2423; þät hord, 3127; dat. sg. of horde, 1109; for
horde, _on account of_ (the robbing of) _the hoard_, 2782; hæðnum horde,
2217; gen. sg. hordes, 888.--Comp.: beáh-, breóst-, word-, wyrm-hord.
hord-ärn, st. n., _place in which a treasure is kept, treasure-room_: dat.
hord-ärne, 2832; gen. pl. hord-ärna, 2280.
hord-burh, st. f., _city in which is the treasure_ (of the king's),
_ruler's castle_: acc. sg., 467.
hord-gestreón, st. n., _hoard-treasure, precious treasure_: dat. pl.
hord-gestreónum, 1900; gen. pl. mägen-byrðenne hord-gestreóna, _the great
burden of rich treasures_, 3093.
hord-mâððum, st. m., _treasure-jewel, precious jewel_: acc. sg. (-madmum,
MS.), 1199.
hord-wela, w. m., _treasure-riches, abundance of treasures_: acc. sg.
hord-welan, 2345.
hord-weard, st. m., _warder of the treasure, hoard-warden_: 1) of the king:
nom. sg., 1048; acc. sg., 1853.--2) of the drake: nom. sg., 2294, 2303,
2555, 2594.
hord-weorðung, st. f., _ornament out of the treasure, rich ornament_: acc.
sg.--weorðunge, 953.
hord-wyn, st. f., _treasure-joy, joy-giving treasure_: acc. sg. hord-wynne,
2271.
horn, st. m., _horn_: 1) upon an animal: instr. pl. heorot hornum trum,
1370.--2) wind-instrument: nom. sg., 1424; acc. sg., 2944.--Comp. gûð-horn.
horn-boga, w. m., _bow made of horn_: dat. sg. of horn-bogan, 2438.
horn-geáp, adj., of great extent between the (stag-)horns adorning the
gables(?): nom. sg. sele ... heáh and horn-geáp, 82.
horn-reced, st. n., building whose two gables are crowned by the halves of
a stag's antler(?): acc. sg., 705. Cf. Heyne's Treatise on the Hall,
Heorot, p. 44.
hors, st. n., _horse_: nom. sg., 1400.
hôciht, adj., _provided with hooks, hooked_: in comp. heoro-hôciht.
be-hôfian, w. v. w. gen., _to need, to want_: pres. sg. III. nu is se däg
cumen þat ûre man-dryhten mägenes behôfað gôdra gûðrinca, _now is the day
come when our lord needs the might of strong warriors_, 2648.
on-hôhsnian, w. v., _to hinder_: pret. sg. þät onhôhsnode Heminges mæg (on
hohsnod, MS.), 1945.
hôlinga, adv., _in vain, without reason_, 1077.
be-hôn, st. v., _to hang with_: pret. part. helmum behongen, 3140.
hop, st. n., _protected place, place of refuge, place of concealment_, in
the compounds fen-, môr-hop.
hôs (Goth, hansa), st. f., _accompanying troop, escort_: instr. sg. mägða
hôse, _with an accompanying train of servingwomen_, 925.
hräðe, adv., _hastily, quickly, immediately_, 224, 741, 749, 1391, etc.;
hraðe, 1438; hreðe, 992; compar. hraðor, 543.
hran-fix, st. m., _whale_: acc. pl. hron-fixas, 540.
hran-râd, st. f., _whale-road_, i.e. sea: dat. sg. ofer hron-râde, 10.
hrâ, st. n., _corpse_: nom. sg., 1589.
hrâ-fyl, st. m., _fall of corpses, killing, slaughter_: acc. sg., 277.
hrädlîce, adv., _hastily, immediately_, 356, 964.
hräfn, hrefn, st. m., _raven_: nom. sg. hrefn blaca, _black raven_, 1802;
se wonna hrefn, _the dark raven_, 3025; dat. sg. hrefne, 2449.
hrägl, st. n., _dress, garment, armor_: nom. sg., 1196; gen. sg., hrägles,
1218; gen. pl. hrägla, 454--Comp.: beado-, fyrd-, mere-hrägl.
hreðe. See hraðe.
hreðer, st. m., _breast, bosom_ nom. sg. hreðer inne weóll _(it surged in
his breast_), 2114; hreðer æðme weóll, 2594; dat. sg. in hreðre, 1152; of
hreðre, 2820.--_Breast_ as the seat of feeling, _heart_: dat. sg. þät wäs
... hreðre hygemêðe, _that was depressing to the heart_ (of the slayer,
Hæðcyn), 2443; on hreðre, 1879, 2329; gen. pl. þurh hreðra gehygd,
2046.--_Breast_ as seat of life: instr. sg. hreðre, parallel with aldre,
1447.
hreðer-bealo, st. n., _evil that takes hold on the heart, evil severely
felt_: acc. sg., 1344.
hrefn. See hräfn.
hrêð, st. f., _glory_; in composition, gûð-hrêð; _renown, assurance of
victory_, in sige-hrêð.
hrêðe, adj., _renowned in battle_: nom. sg. hrêð (on account of the
following ät, final _e_ is elided, as wênic for wêne ic, 442; frôfor and
fultum for frôfre and fultum, 699; firen ondrysne for firene ondr., 1933),
2576.
hrêð-sigor, st. m., _glorious victory_: dat. sg. hrêð-sigora, 2584.
hrêmig, adj., _boasting, exulting_: with instr. and gen. hûðe hrêmig, 124;
since hrêmig, 1883; frätwum hrêmig, 2055; nom. pl. nealles Hetware hrêmge
þorfton (sc. wesan) fêðe-wîges, 2365.
on-hrêran, w. v., _to excite, to stir up_: pret. part. on-hrêred, 549,
2555.
hreâ-wîc, st. n., _place of corpses_: acc. sg. Geáta leóde hreâ-wîc
heóldon, _held the place of corpses_, 1215.
hreád, st. f., _ornament_(?), in comp. earm-hreád. See hreóðan.
hreám, st. m., _noise, alarm_:: nom. sg., 1303.
hreóða, w. m., _cover_, in the compound bord-hreóða.
hreóðan, ge-hreóðan, st. v., _to cover, to clothe_; only in the pret. part.
hroden, gehroden, _dressed, adorned_: hroden, 495, 1023; þâ wäs heal hroden
feónda feorum, _then was the hall covered with the corpses of the enemy_,
1152; ge-hroden golde, _adorned with gold_, 304.--Comp.: beág-,
gold-hroden.
hreóh, hreów, hreó, adj., _excited, stormy, wild, angry, raging; sad,
troubled_: nom. sg. (Beówulf) hreóh and heoro-grim, 1565; þät þam gôdan wäs
hreów on hreðre, (_that came with violence upon him, pained his heart_),
2329; hreó wæron ýða, _the waves were angry, the sea stormy_, 548; näs him
hreóh sefa, _his mind was not cruel_, 2181; dat. sg. on hreón môde, _of sad
heart_, 1308; on hreóum môde, _angry at heart_, 2582.
hreóh-môd, adj., _of sad heart_, 2133; _angry at heart_, 2297.
hreósan, st. v., _to fall, to sink, to rush_: pret. hreás, 2489, 2832;
pret. pl. hruron, 1075; hie on weg hruron, _they rushed away_, 1431; hruron
him teáras, _tears burst from him_, 1873.
be-hreósan, _to fall from, to be divested of_: pret. part. acc. pl.
fyrn-manna fatu ... hyrstum behrorene, _divested of ornaments_ (from which
the ornaments had fallen away), 2760.
hreów, st. f., _distress, sorrow_: gen. pl. þät wäs Hrôðgâre hreówa
tornost, _that was to Hrôðgâr the bitterest of his sorrows_, 2130.
hring, st. m.: 1) _ring_: acc. sg. þone hring, 1203; hring gyldenne, 2810;
acc. pl. hringas, 1196, 1971, 3035; gen. pl. hringa, 1508, 2246.--2) _shirt
of mail_ (of interlaced rings): nom. sg. hring, 1504; byrnan hring,
2261.--Comp. bân-hring.
hringan, w. v., _to give forth a sound, to ring, to rattle_: pret. pl.
byrnan hringdon, 327.
hring-boga, w. m., _one who bends himself into a ring_: gen. sg.
hring-bogan (of the drake, bending himself into a circle), 2562.
hringed, pret. part., _made of rings_: nom. sg. hringed byrne, 1246; acc.
sg. hringde byrnan, 2616.
hringed-stefna, w. m., _ship whose stem is provided with iron rings_
(cramp-irons), especially of sea-going ships (cf. Frið-þiofs saga, I:
þorsteinn âtti skip þat er Ellidi hêt, ... borðit war spengt iarni): nom.
sg., 32, 1898; acc. sg. hringed-stefnan, 1132.
hring-îren, st. n., _ring-iron, ring-mail_: nom. sg., 322.
hring-mæl, adj., _marked with rings_, i.e. ornamented with rings, or marked
with characters of ring-form: nom. acc. sg., of the sword, 1522, 1562(?);
nom. pl. heard and hring-mæl Heaðobeardna gestreón (_rich armor_), 2038.
hring-naca, w. m., _ship with iron rings, sea-going ship_: nom. sg., 1863.
hring-net, st. n., _ring-net_, i.e. a shirt of interlaced rings: acc. sg.,
2755; acc. pl. hring-net, 1890.
hring-sele, st. m., _ring-hall_, i.e. hall in which are rings, or in which
rings are bestowed: acc. sg., 2841; dat. sg., 2011, 3054.
hring-weorðung, st. f., _ring-ornament_: acc. sg. -weorðunge, 3018.
hrînan, st. v. w. dat.: 1) _to touch, lay hold of_: inf. þät him heardra
nân hrînan wolde îren ærgôd (_that no good sword of valiant men would make
an impression on him_), 989; him for hrôf-sele hrînan ne mehte færgripe
flôdes (_the sudden grip of the flood might not touch him owing to the
hall-roof_), 1516; þät þam hring-sele hrînan ne môste gumena ænig _(so that
none might touch the ringed-hall), _3054; pret. sg. siððan he hire folmum
[hr]ân (_as soon as he touched it with his hands_), 723; ôð þät deáðes wylm
hrân ät heortan (_seized his heart_), 2271. Pret. subj. þeáh þe him wund
hrîne (_although he was wounded_), 2977.--2) (O.N. hrîna, _sonare,
clamare), to resound, rustle_: pres. part. nom. pl. hrînde bearwas (for
hrînende) 1364; but see Note.
hroden. See hreóðan.
hron-fix. See hran-fix.
hrôðor, st. m., _joy, beneficium_: dat sg. hrefne tô hrôðre, 2449; gen. pl.
hrôðra, 2172.
hrôf, st. m., _roof, ceiling of a house_: nom. sg., 1000; acc. sg. under
Heorotes hrôf, 403; under geápne hrôf, 838; geseah steápne hrôf (here
_inner roof, ceiling_), 927; so, ofer heáhne hrôf, 984; ymb þäs helmes
hrôf, 1031; under beorges hrôf, 2756.--Comp. inwit-hrôf.
hrôf-sele, st. m., _covered hall_: dat. sg. hrôf-sele, 1516.
hrôr, adj., _stirring, wide-awake, valorous_: dat. sg. of þäm hrôran,
1630.--Comp. fela-hrôr.
hruron. See hreósan.
hruse, w. f., _earth, soil_: nom. sg., 2248, 2559; acc. sg. on hrusan, 773,
2832; dat. sg. under hrusan, 2412.
hrycg, st. m., _back_: acc. sg. ofer wäteres hrycg (_over the water's back,
surface_), 471.
hryre, st. m., _fall, destruction, ruin_: acc. sg., 3181; dat. sg., 1681,
3006.--Comp.: leód-, wîg-hryre.
hrysian, w. v., _to shake, be shaken, clatter_: pret. pl. syrcan hrysedon
(_corselets rattled_, of men in motion), 226.
hund, st. m., _dog_: instr. pl. hundum, 1369.
hund, num., _hundred_: þreó hund, 2279; w. gen. pl. hund missera, 1499;
hund þûsenda landes and locenra beága, 2995.
hû, adv., _how, quomodo_, 3, 116, 279, 738, 845, 2319, 2520, 2719, etc.
huð, st. f., _booty, plunder_: dat. (instr.) sg. hûðe, 124.
hûru, adv., _above all, certainly_, 369; _indeed, truly_, 182, 670, 1072,
1466, 1945, 2837; _yet, nevertheless_, 863; _now_, 3121.
hûs, st. n., _house_: gen. sg. hûses, 116; gen. pl. hûsa sêlest (Heorot),
146, 285, 659, 936.
hwan, adv., _whither_: tô hwan syððan wearð hondræs häleða (_what issue the
hand-to-hand fight of the heroes had_), 2072.
hwanan, hwanon, adv., _whence_: hwanan, 257, 2404; hwanon, 333.
hwâ, interrog. and indef. pron., _who_: nom. sg. m. hwâ, 52, 2253, 3127;
neut. hwät, 173; ânes hwät (_a part only_), 3011; hwät þâ men wæron (_who
the men were_), 233, etc.; hwät syndon ge searo-häbbendra (_what armed men
are ye?_), 237; acc. sg. m. wið manna hwone (_from (?) any man_), 155;
neut. þurh hwät, 3069; hwät wit geó spræcon, 1477; hwät ... hýnðo (gen.),
fær-nîða (_what shame and sudden woes_), 474; so, hwät þu worn fela (_how
very much thou_), 530; swylces hwät, 881; hwät ... ârna, 1187; dat. m.
hwâm, 1697.--Comp. æg-hwâ.
hwät, interj., _what! lo! indeed!_ 1, 943, 2249.
ge-hwâ, w. part, gen., _each, each one_: acc. sg. m. wið feónda gehwone,
294; nîða gehwane, 2398; mêca gehwane, 2686; gum-cynnes gehwone, 2766; fem,
on healfa gehwone, 801; dat. sg. m. dôgora gehwâm, 88; ät nîða gehwâm, 883;
þegna gehwâm, 2034; eorla gehwæm, 1421; fem. in mægða ge-hwære, 25; nihta
gehwæm, 1366; gen. sing. m. manna gehwäs, 2528; fem. dæda gehwäs, 2839.
hwâr. See hwær.
hwäder. See hwider.
hwäðer, pron., _which of two_: nom. sg. hwäðer ... uncer twega, 2531; swâ
hwäðer, _utercunque_: acc. sg. on swâ hwäðere hond swâ him gemet þince,
687.--Comp. æg-hwäðer.
ge-hwäðer, _each of two, either-other_: nom. sg. m. wäs gehwäðer ôðrum
lifigende lâð, 815; wäs ... gehwäðer ôðrum hrôðra gemyndig, 2172; ne
gehwäðer incer (_nor either of you two_), 584; nom. sg. neut. gehwäðer þâra
(_either of them_, i.e. ready for war or peace), 1249; dat. sg. hiora
gehwäðrum, 2995; gen. sg. bega gehwäðres, 1044.
hwäðer, hwäðere, hwäðre, 1) adv., _yet, nevertheless_: hwäðre, 555, 891,
1271, 2099, 2299, 2378, etc.; hwäðre swâ þeáh, _however, notwithstanding_,
2443; hwäðere, 574, 578, 971, 1719--2) conj., = _utrum, whether_: hwäðre,
1315; hwäðer, 1357, 2786.
hwät, adj., _sharp, bold, valiant_: nom. sg. se secg hwata, 3029; dat. sg.
hwatum, 2162; nom. pl. hwate, 1602, 2053; acc. pl. hwate, 2643,
3006.--Comp.: fyrd-, gold-hwät.
hwät. See hwâ.
hwær, adv., _where_: elles hwær, _elsewhere_, 138; hwær, _somewhere_, 2030.
In elliptical question: wundur hwâr þonne..., _is it a wonder when...?_
3063.--Comp. ô-hwær.
ge-hwær, _everywhere_: þeáh þu heaðo-ræsa gehwær dohte (_everywhere good in
battle_), 526.
hwele. See hwyle.
hwergen, adv., _anywhere_: elles hwergen, _elsewhere_, 2591.
hwettan, w. v., _to encourage, urge_: pres. subj. swâ þin sefa hwette (_as
thy mind urges, as thou likest_), 490; pret. pl. hwetton higerôfne (_they
whetted the brave one_), 204.
hwêne, adv., _a little, paululum_, 2700.
hwealf, st. f., _vault_: acc. sg. under heofones hwealf, 576, 2016.
hweorfan, st. v., _to stride deliberately, turn, depart, move, die_: pres.
pl. þâra þe cwice hwyrfað, 98; inf. hwîlum he on lufan læteð hworfan monnes
môd-geþonc (_sometimes on love_ (?) _possessions_ (?) _permits the thoughts
of man to turn_), 1729; londrihtes môt ... monna æghwylc îdel hweorfan (_of
rights of land each one of men must be deprived_), 2889; pret. sg. fäder
ellor hwearf ... of earde (_died_), 55; hwearf þâ hrädlîce þær Hrôðgâr sät,
356; hwearf þâ bî bence (_turned then to the bench_), 1189; so, hwearf þâ
be wealle, 1574; hwearf geond þät reced, 1982; hlæw oft ymbe hwearf (_went
oft round the cave_), 2297; nalles äfter lyfte lâcende hwearf (_not at all
through the air did he go springing_), 2833; subj. pret. sg, ær he on weg
hwurfe ... of geardum (_died_), 264.
and-hweorfan, _to move against_: pret. sg. ôð þät ... norðan wind
heaðo-grim and-hwearf (_till the fierce north wind blew in our faces_),
548.
ät-hweorfan, _to go to_: pret. sg. hwîlum he on beorh ät-hwearf (_at times
returned to the mountain_), 2300.
ge-hweorfan, _to go, come_: pret. sg. gehwearf þâ in Francna fäðm feorh
cyninges, 1211; hit on æht gehwearf ... Denigea freán, 1680; so, 1685,
2209.
geond-hweorfan, _to go through from end to end_: pres. sg. flet eall
geond-hwearf, 2018.
hwider, adv., _whither_: hwyder, 163; hwäder (hwäðer, MS.), 1332.
hwîl, st. f., _time, space of time_: nom. sg. wäs seó hwîl micel (_it was a
long time_), 146; þâ wäs hwîl däges (_the space of a day_), 1496; acc. sg.
hwîle, _for a time_, 2138; _a while_, 105, 152; lange (longe) hwîle, _a
long while_, 16, 2781; âne hwîle, _a while_, 1763; lytle hwîle, _brief
space_, 2031, 2098; ænige hwîle, _any while_, 2549; lässan hwîle, _a lesser
while_, 2572; dat. sg. ær däges hwîle, _before daybreak_, 2321; dat. pl.
nihtes hwîlum, _sometimes at night_, 3045. Adv., _sometimes, often_:
hwîlum, 175, 496, 917, 1729, 1829, 2017, 2112, etc.; hwîlum ... hwîlum,
2108-9-10.--Comp.: däg-, gescäp-, orleg-, sige-hwîl.
hwît, adj., _brilliant, flashing_: nom. sg. se hwîta helm, 1449.
hworfan. See hweorfan.
hwôpan, st. v., _to cry, cry out mourn_: pret. sg. hweóp, 2269.
hwyder. See hwider.
hwylc, pron., _which, what, any_: 1) adj.: nom. sg. m. sceaða ic nât hwylc,
274; fem, hwylc orleghwîl, 2003; nom. pl. hwylce Sægeáta sîðas wæron,
1987.--2) subst., w. gen. pl. nom. m.: Frisna hwylc, 1105; fem, efne swâ
hwylc mägða swâ þone magan cende (_whatever woman brought forth this son_),
944; neut. þonne his bearna hwylc (_than any one of his sons_), 2434; dat.
sg. efne swâ hwylcum manna swâ him gemet þûhte, 3058.--Comp.: æg-, nât-,
wel-hwylc.
ge-hwylc, ge-hwilc, ge-hwelc, w. gen. pl., _each_: nom. sg. m. gehwylc,
986, 1167, 1674; acc. sg. m. gehwylcne, 937, 2251, 2517; gehwelcne, 148;
fem, gehwylce, 1706; neut. gehwylc, 2609; instr. sg. dôgra gehwylce, 1091;
so, 2058, 2451; dat. sg. m. gehwylcum, 412, 769, 785, etc.; fem, ecga
gehwylcre, 806; neut. cynna gehwylcum, 98; gen. sg. m. and neut. gehwylces,
733, 1397, 2095.
hwyrft, st. m., _circling movement, turn_: dat. pl. adv. hwyrftum scrîðað
(_wander to and fro_), 163.--Comp. ed-hwyrft.
hycgan, w. v., _to think, resolve upon_: pret. sg. ic þät hogode þät ...
(_my intention was that ..._), 633.--Comp. w. pres. part.: bealo-, heard-,
swîð-, þanc-, wîs-hycgend.
for-hycgan, _to despise, scorn, reject with contempt_: pres. sg. I. ic þät
þonne for-hicge þät ..., _reject with scorn the proposition that ..._, 435.
ge-hycgan, _to think, determine upon_: pret. sg. þâ þu ... feorr gehogodest
säcce sêcean, 1989.
ofer-hycgan, _to scorn_: pret. sg. ofer-hogode þâ hringa fengel þät he þone
wîdflogan weorode gesôhte (_scorned to seek the wide-flier with a host_),
2346.
hydig (for hygdig), adj., _thinking, of a certain mind_: comp. ân-, bealo-,
grom-, nîð-, þrîst-hydig.
ge-hygd, st. n., _thought, sentiment_: acc. sg. þurh hreðra gehygd,
2046.--Comp.: breóst-, môd-gehygd, won-hyd.
hyge, hige, st. m., _mind, heart, thought_: nom. sg. hyge, 756; hige, 594;
acc. sg. þurh holdne hige, 267; gen. sg. higes, 2046; dat. pl. higum, 3149.
hyge-bend, st. m. f., _mind-fetter, heart-band_: instr. pl. hyge-bendum
fäst, _fast in his mind's fetters, secretly_, 1879.
hyge-geômor, adj., _sad in mind_: nom. sg. hyge-giômor, 2409.
hyge-mêðe, adj.: 1) _sorrowful, soul-crushing_: nom. sg., 2443.--2)
_life-weary, dead_: dat. pl. hyge-mêðum (-mæðum, MS.), 2910.
hyge-rôf, adj., _brave, valiant, vigorous-minded_: nom. sg. [hygerôf], 403;
acc. sg. hige-rôfne, 204.
hyge-sorh, st. f., _heart-sorrow_: gen. pl. -sorga, 2329.
hyge-þyhtig, adj., _doughty, courageous_: acc. sg. hige-þihtigne (of
Beówulf), 747. See þyhtig.
hyge-þrym, st. m., _animi majestas, high-mindedness_: dat. pl. for
hige-þrymmum, 339.
hyht, st. m., _thought, pleasant thought, hope_ (Dietrich): nom. sg., 179.
ge-hyld (see healdan), st. n., _support, protection_: nom. sg., 3057.--Leo.
hyldan, w. v., _to incline one's self, lie down to sleep_: pret. sg. hylde
hine, _inclined himself, lay down_, 689.
hyldo, st. f., _inclination, friendliness, grace_: acc. sg. hyldo, 2068,
2294; gen. sg. hyldo, 671, 2999.
â-hyrdan, w. v., _harden_: pret. part. â-hyrded, 1461.
hyrde. See hirde.
hyrst, st. f., _accoutrements, ornament, armor_: acc. sg. hyrste
(Ongenþeów's _equipments and arms_), 2989; acc. pl. hyrsta, 3166; instr.
pl. hyrstum, 2763.
hyrstan, w. v., _to deck, adorn_: pret. part. hyrsted sweord, 673; helm
[hyr]sted golde, 2256.
hyrtan, w. v., _to take heart, be emboldened_: pret. sg. hyrte hyne
hord-weard (_the drake took heart_; see 2566, 2568, 2570), 2594.
hyse, st. m., _youth, young man_: nom. sg. as voc., 1218.
hyt. See hit.
hýdan, w. v., _to hide, conceal, protect, preserve_: pres. subj. hýde
[hine, _himself_] se þe wylle, 2767; inf. w. acc. nô þu mînne þearft
hafalan hýdan, 446; ær he in wille hafelan [hýdan] (_ere in it he_ [the
stag] _will hide his head_), 1373.
ge-hýdan, w. acc., _to conceal, preserve_: pret. sg. gehýdde, 2236, 3060.
hýð, st. f., _haven_: dat. sg. ät hýðe, 32.
hýð-weard, st. m., _haven-warden_: nom. sg., 1915.
hýnan (see heán), w. v. w. acc., _to crush, afflict, injure_: pret. sg.
hýnde, 2320.
hýnðu, st. f., _oppression, affliction, injury_: acc. sg. hýnðu, 277; gen.
sg. hwät ... hýnðo, 475; fela ... hýnðo, 594; gen. pl. heardra hýnða, 166.
hýran, w. v.: 1) _to hear, perceive, learn_: a) w. inf. or acc. with inf.:
I. pret. sg. hýrde ic, 38, 582, 1347, 1843, 2024; III. sg. þät he fram
Sigemunde secgan hýrde, 876; I. pl. swâ we sôðlîce secgan hýrdon, 273. b)
w. acc.: nænigne ic ... sêlran hýrde hordmâððum (_I heard of no better
hoard-jewel_), 1198. c) w. dependent clause: I. sg. pret. hýrde ic þät ...,
62, 2164, 2173.--2) w. dat. of person, _to obey_: inf. ôð þät him æghwylc
þâra ymbsittendra hýran scolde, 10; hýran heaðo-siócum, 2755; Pret. pl. þät
him winemâgas georne hýrdon, 66.
ge-hýran, _to hear, learn_: a) w. acc.: II. pers. sg. pres. mînne gehýrað
ânfealdne geþôht, 255; III. sg. pret. gehýrde on Beówulfe fästrædne geþôht,
610. b) w. acc. and inf.: III. pl. pret. gehýrdon, 786. c) w. depend.
clause: I. pres. sg. ic þät gehýre þät ..., 290.
I
ic, pers. pron. _I_: acc. mec, dat. me, gen. mîn; dual nom. wit, acc.
uncit, unc, dat. unc, gen. uncer; pl. nom. we, acc. ûsic, ûs, dat. ûs, gen.
ûser. ic omitted before the verb, 470.
icge, _gold_ (perhaps related to Sanskrit îç, = dominare, imperare, O.H.G.
êht, _wealth_, opes), _treasure?, sword_ (edge)?, 1108.--Körner.
ides, st. f., _woman, lady, queen_: nom. sg., 621, 1076, 1118, 1169; dat.
sg. idese, 1650, 1942. Also of Grendel's mother: nom. sg., 1260; gen. sg.
idese, 1352.
in. See inn.
in: I. prep. w. dat. and acc.: 1) w. dat. (local, indicating rest), _in_:
in geardum, 13, 2460; in þäm gûðsele, 443; in beórsele, 2636; so, 89, 482,
589, 696, 729, 2140, 2233, etc.; in mægða gehwære, 25; in þýstrum, 87; in
Caines cynne, 107; in hyra gryregeatwum (_in their accoutrements of terror,
war-weeds_), 324; so, 395; in campe (_in battle_), 2506; hiora in ânum (_in
one of them_), 2600. Prep. postpositive: Scedelandum in, 19. Also, _on,
upon_, like on: in ealo-bence, 1030; in gumstôle, 1953; in þam wongstede
(_on the grassy plain, the battle-field_), 2787; in bælstede, 3098.
Temporal: in geâr-dagum, 1.--2) w. acc. (local, indicating motion), _in,
into_: in woruld, 60; in fýres fäðm, 185; so, 1211; in Hrefnesholt, 2936.
Temporal, _in, at, about, toward_: in þâ tîde (in watide, MS.), 2228.
II. adv., _in_ (here or there), 386, 1038, 1372, 1503, 1645, 2153, 2191,
2228; inn, 3091.
incge, adj. (perhaps related to icge), instr. sg. incge lâfe (_with the
costly sword_ ? or _with mighty sword_?), 2578.--[_Edge_: incge lâfe, _edge
of the sword_.--K. Körner?]
in-frôd, adj., _very aged_: nom. sg., 2450; dat. sg. in-frôdum, 1875.
in-gang, st. m., _entrance, access to_: acc. sg., 1550.
in-genga, w. m., _in-goer, visitor_: nom. sg., of Grendel, 1777.
in-gesteald, st. m., _house-property, possessions in the house_: acc. sg.,
1156.
inn, st. n., _apartment, house_: nom. sg. in, 1301.
innan, adv., _within, inside_, 775, 1018, 2413, 2720; on innan (_in the
interior_), _within_, 1741, 2716; þær on innan (_in there_), 71; burgum on
innan (_within his city_), 1969. Also, _therein_: þær on innan, 2090, 2215,
2245.
innan-weard, adv., _inwards, inside, within_, 992, 1977; inne-weard, 999.
inne, adv.: 1) _inside, within_, 643, 1282, 1571, 2114, 3060; word inne
âbeád (_called, sent word, in_, i.e. standing in the hall door), 390; _in
it_ (i.e. the battle), 1142; þær inne (_therein_), 118, 1618, 2116, 2227,
3088.--2) = _insuper, still further, besides_, 1867.
inwit, st. n., _evil, mischief, spite, cunning hostility_, as in
inwit-feng, st. m., _malicious grasp, grasp of a cunning foe_: nom. sg.,
1448.
inwit-gäst, st. m., _evil guest, hostile stranger_: nom. sg., 2671.
inwit-hrôf, st. m., _hostile roof, hiding-place of a cunning foe_: acc. sg.
under inwit-hrôf, 3124.
inwit-net, st. n., _mischief-net, cunning snare_: acc. sg., 2168.
inwit-nîð, st. n., _cunning hostility, hostile contest_: nom. pl.
inwit-nîðas (_hostility through secret attack_), 1859; gen. pl. inwit-nîða,
1948.
inwit-scear, st. m., _massacre through cunning, murderous attack_: acc. sg.
eatolne inwit-scear, 2479.
inwit-searo, st. n., _cunning, artful intrigue_: acc. sg. þurh inwit-searo,
1102. See searo.
inwit-sorh, st. f., _grief, remorse, mourning springing from hostile
cunning_: nom. sg., 1737; acc. sg. inwid-sorge, 832.
inwit-þanc, adj., _ill-disposed, malicious_: dat. sg. he onfêng hraðe
inwit-þancum (_he quickly grasped the cunning-in-mind_ [Grendel]), 749.
irnan (for rinnan), st. v., _to run_: so be-irnan, _to run up to_, occur_:
pret. sg him on môd be-arn (_came into his mind_), 67.
on-irnan, _to open_: pret. sg. duru sôna onarn, 722.
irre-môd, adj. See yrre-môd.
Î
îdel, adj., _empty, bare; deprived of_: nom. sg., 145, 413; w. gen.
lond-rihtes þære mægburge îdel (_deprived of his land-possessions among the
people_ [of the Geátas]), 2889.
îdel-hende, adj., _empty-handed_, 2082.
îren, st. n., _iron, sword_: nom. sg. dryhtlîc îren (_the doughty, lordly
sword_), 893; îren ær-gôd, 990; acc. sg. leóflîc îren, 1810; gen. pl. îrena
cyst (_choicest of swords_), 674; îrenna cyst, 803; îrenna ecge (_edges of
swords_), 2684.
îren, adj., _of iron_: nom. sg. ecg wäs îren, 1460.
îren-bend, st. f., _iron band, bond, rivet_: instr. pl. îren-bendum fäst
(bold), 775, 999.
îren-byrne, w. f., _iron corselet_: acc. sg. îren-byrnan, 2987. See
îsern-byrne.
îren-heard, adj., _hard as iron_: nom. sg., 1113.
îrenne, adj., _of iron_: in comp. eall-îrenne.
îren-þreát, st. m., _iron troop, armored band_: nom. sg., 330.
îs, st. n., _ice_: dat. sg. îse, 1609.
îsern-byrne, w. f., _iron corselet_: acc. sg. îsern-byrnan, 672. See
îren-byrne.
îsern-scûr, st. f., _iron shower, shower of arrows_: gen. sg. þone þe oft
gebâd îsern-scûre, 3117.
îs-gebind, st. n., _fetters of ice_: instr. sg. îs-gebinde, 1134.
îsig, adj., _shining, brilliant_ (like brass): nom. sg. îsig (said of a
vessel covered with plates(?) of metal), 33.--Leo.