eafoð, st. n., _power, strength_: nom, sg. eafoð and ellen, 603, 903; acc.
sg. eafoð and ellen, 2350; we frêcne genêðdon eafoð uncûðes, _we have
boldly ventured against the strength of the enemy_ (Grendel) _have
withstood him_, 961; gen. sg. eafoðes cräftig, 1467; þät þec âdl oððe ecg
eafoðes getwæfed, _shall rob of strength_, 1764; acc. pl. eafeðo (MS.
earfeðo) [This reading cancelled. See note to l. 534--KTH], 534; dat. pl.
hine mihtig god ... eafeðum stêpte, _made him great through strength_,
1718. See Note for l. 534.
eafor, st. m., _boar_; here the image of the boar as banner: acc. sg.
eafor, 2153.
eafora (_offspring_), w. m.: 1) _son_: nom. sg. eafera, 12, 898; eafora,
375; acc. sg. eaferan, 1548, 1848; gen. sg. eafera, 19; nom. pl. eaferan,
2476; dat. pl. eaferum, 1069, 2471; uncran eaferan, 1186.--2) in broader
sense, _successor_: dat. pl. eaforum, 1711.
eahta, num., _eight_: acc. pl. eahta mearas, 1036; eode eahta sum, _went as
one of eight, with seven others_, 3124.
eahtian, w. v.: 1) _to consider; to deliberate_: pret. pl. w. acc. ræd
eahtedon, _consulted about help_, 172; pret. sg. (for the plural) þone
sêlestan þâra þe mid Hrôðgâre hâm eahtode, _the best one of those who with
Hrôðgâr deliberated about their home_ (ruled), 1408.--2) _to speak with
reflection of_ (along with the idea of praise): pret. pl. eahtodan
eorlscipe, _spoke of his noble character_, 3175.
eal, eall, adj., _all, whole_: nom. sg. werod eall, 652; pl. eal bencþelu,
486; sg. eall êðelwyn, 2886; eal worold, 1739, etc.; þät hit wearð eal
gearo, healärna mæst, 77; þät hit (wîgbil) eal gemealt, 1609. And with a
following genitive: þær wäs eal geador Grendles grâpe, _there was all
together Grendel's hand, the whole hand of Grendel_, 836; eall ... lissa,
_all favor_, 2150; wäs eall sceacen dôgorgerîmes, 2728. With apposition:
þûhte him eall tô rûm, wongas and wîcstede, 2462; acc. sg. beót eal, 523;
similarly, 2018, 2081; oncýððe ealle, _all distress_, 831; heals ealne,
2692; hlæw ... ealne ûtan-weardne, 2298; gif he þät eal gemon, 1186, 2428;
þät eall geondseh, recedes geatwa, 3089; ealne wîde-ferhð, _through the
whole wide life, through all time_, 1223; instr. sg. ealle mägene, _with
all strength_, 2668; dat. sg. eallum ... manna cynne, 914; gen. sg. ealles
moncynnes, 1956. Subst. ic þäs ealles mäg ... gefeán habban, 2740; brûc
ealles well, 2163; freán ealles þanc secge, _give thanks to the Lord of
all_, 2795; nom. pl. untydras ealle, 111; sceótend ... ealle, 706; we
ealle, 942; acc. pl. feónd ealle, 700; similarly, 1081, 1797, 2815; subst.
ofer ealle, 650; ealle hie deáð fornam, 2237; lîg ealle forswealg þâra þe
þær gûð fornam, _all of those whom the war had snatched away_, 1123; dat.
pl. eallum ceaster-bûendum, 768; similarly, 824, 907, 1418; subst. âna wið
eallum, _one against all_, 145; with gen. eallum gumena cynnes, 1058; gen.
pl. äðelinga bearn ealra twelfa, _the kinsmen of all twelve nobles_ (twelve
nobles hold the highest positions of the court), 3172; subst. he âh ealra
geweald, _has power over all_, 1728.
Uninflected: bil eal þurhwôd flæschoman, _the battle-axe cleft the body
through and through_, 1568; häfde ... eal gefeormod fêt and folma, _had
devoured entirely feet and hands_, 745; se þe eall geman gâr-cwealm gumena,
_who remembers thoroughly the death of the men by the spear_, 2043, etc.
Adverbial: þeáh ic eal mæge, _although I am entirely able_, 681; hî on
beorg dydon bêg and siglu eall swylce hyrsta, _they placed in the
grave-mound rings, and ornaments, all such adornments_, 3165.--The gen. sg.
ealles, adverbial in the sense of _entirely_, 1001, 1130.
eald, adj., _old_: a) of the age of living beings: nom. sg. eald, 357,
1703, 2211, etc.; dat. sg. ealdum, 2973; gen. sg. ealdes uhtflogan
(_dragon_), 2761; dat. sg. ealdum, 1875; geongum and ealdum, 72.--b) of
things and of institutions: nom. sg. helm monig eald and ômig, 2764; acc.
sg. ealde lâfe (_sword_), 796, 1489; ealde wîsan, 1866; eald sweord, 1559,
1664, etc.; eald gewin, _old_ (lasting years), _distress_, 1782; eald enta
geweorc (_the precious things in the drake's cave_), 2775; acc. pl. ealde
mâðmas, 472; ofer ealde riht, _against the old laws_ (namely, the Ten
Commandments; Beówulf believes that God has sent him the drake as a
punishment, because he has unconsciously, at some time, violated one of the
commandments), 2331.
yldra, compar. _older_: mîn yldra mæg, 468; yldra brôðor, 1325; ôð þät he
(Heardrêd) yldra wearð, 2379.
yldesta, superl. _oldest_, in the usual sense; dat. sg. þam yldestan, 2436;
in a moral sense, _the most respected_: nom. sg. se yldesta, 258; acc. sg.
þone yldestan, 363, both times of Beówulf.
eald-fäder, st. m., _old-father, grandfather, ancestor_: nom. sg. 373.
eald-gesegen, st. f., _traditions from old times_: gen. pl. eal-fela
eald-gesegena, _very many of the old traditions_, 870.
eald-gesîð, st. m., _companion ever since old times, courtier for many
years_: nom. pl. eald-gesîðas, 854.
eald-gestreón, st. n., _treasure out of the old times_: dat. pl.
eald-gestreónum, 1382; gen. pl. -gestreóna, 1459.
eald-gewinna, w. m., _old-enemy, enemy for many years_: nom. sg. of
Grendel, 1777.
eald-gewyrht, st. n., _merit on account of services rendered during many
years_: nom. pl. þät næron eald-gewyrht, þät he âna scyle gnorn þrowian,
_that has not been his desert ever since long ago, that he should bear the
distress alone_, 2658.
eald-hlâford, st. m., _lord through many years_: gen. sg. bill
eald-hlâfordes (of the old Beówulf(?)), 2779.
eald-metod, st. m., _God ruling ever since ancient times_: nom. sg. 946.
ealdor, aldor, st. m., _lord, chief_ (king or powerful noble): nom. sg.
ealdor, 1645, 1849, 2921; aldor, 56, 369, 392; acc. sg. aldor, 669; dat.
sg. ealdre, 593; aldre, 346.
ealdor, aldor, st. n., _life_: acc. sg. aldor, 1372; dat. sg. aldre, 1448,
1525; ealdre, 2600; him on aldre stôd herestræl hearda (in vitalibus),
1435; nalles for ealdre mearn, _was not troubled about his life_, 1443; of
ealdre gewât, _went out of life, died_, 2625; as instr. aldre, 662, 681,
etc.; ealdre, 1656, 2134, etc.; gen. sg. aldres, 823; ealdres, 2791, 2444;
aldres orwêna, _despairing of life_, 1003, 1566; ealdres scyldig, _having
forfeited life_, 1339, 2062; dat. pl. aldrum nêðdon, 510, 538.--Phrases: on
aldre (_in life_), _ever_, 1780; tô aldre (_for life_), _always_, 2006,
2499; âwa tô aldre, _for ever and ever_, 956.
ealdor-bealu, st. n., _life's evil_: acc. sg. þu ... ondrædan ne þearft ...
aldorbealu eorlum, _thou needest not fear death for the courtiers_, 1677.
ealdor-cearu, st. f., _trouble that endangers life, great trouble_: dat.
sg. he his leódum wearð ... tô aldor-ceare, 907.
ealdor-dagas, st. m. pl., _days of one's life_: dat. pl. næfre on
aldor-dagum (_never in his life_), 719; on ealder-dagum ær (_in former
days_), 758.
ealdor-gedâl, st. n., _severing of life, death, end_: nom. sg. aldor-gedâl,
806.
ealdor-gewinna, w. m., _life-enemy, one who strives to take his enemy's
life_ (in N.H.G. the contrary conception, Tod-feind): nom. sg.
ealdorgewinna (_the dragon_), 2904.
ealdor-leás, adj., _without a ruler_(?): nom. pl. aldor-leáse, 15.
ealdor-leás, adj., _lifeless, dead_: acc. sg. aldor-leásne, 1588;
ealdor-leásne, 3004.
ealdor-þegn, st. m., _nobleman at the court, distinguished courtier_: acc.
sg. aldor-þegn (Hrôðgâr's confidential adviser, Äschere), 1309.
eal-fela, adj., _very much_: with following gen., eal-fela eald-gesegena,
_very many old traditions_, 870; eal-fela eotena cynnes, 884.
ealgian, w. v., _to shield, to defend, to protect_: inf. w. acc. feorh
ealgian, 797, 2656, 2669; pret. siððan he (Hygelâc) under segne sinc
eal-gode, wälreáf werede, _while under his banner he protected the
treasures, defended the spoil of battle_ (i.e. while he was upon the Viking
expeditions), 1205.
eal-gylden, adj., _all golden, entirely of gold_: nom. sg. swýn ealgylden,
1112; acc. sg. segn eallgylden, 2768.
eal-îrenne, adj., _entirely of iron_: acc. sg. eall-îrenne wîgbord, _a
wholly iron battle-shield_, 2339.
ealu, st. n., _ale, beer_: acc. sg. ealo drincende, 1946.
ealu-benc, st. f., _ale-bench, bench for those drinking ale_: dat. sg. in
ealo-bence, 1030; on ealu-bence, 2868.
ealu-scerwen, st. f., _terror_, under the figure of a mishap at an
ale-drinking, probably the sudden taking away of the ale: nom. sg. Denum
eallum wearð ... ealuscerwen, 770.
ealu-wæge, st. n., _ale-can, portable vessel out of which ale is poured
into the cups_: acc. sg. 2022; hroden ealowæge, 495; dat. sg. ofer ealowæge
(_at the ale-carouse_), 481.
eal-wealda, w. adj., _all ruling_ (God): nom. sg. fäder alwalda, 316;
alwalda, 956, 1315; dat. sg. al-wealdan, 929.
eard, st. m., _cultivated ground, estate, hereditary estate_; in a broader
sense, _ground in general, abode, place of sojourn_: nom. sg. him wäs bâm
... lond gecynde, eard êðel-riht, _the land was bequeathed to them both,
the land and the privileges attached to it._ 2199; acc. sg. fîfel-cynnes
eard, _the ground of the giant race, place of sojourn_, 104; similarly,
älwihta eard, 1501; eard gemunde, _thought of his native ground, his home_,
1130; eard git ne const, _thou knowest not yet the place of sojourn._ 1378;
eard and eorlscipe, _prædium et nobilitatem_, 1728; eard êðelwyn, _land and
the enjoyment of home_, 2494; dat. sg. ellor hwearf of earde, _went
elsewhere from his place of abode_, i.e. died, 56; þät we rondas beren eft
tô earde, _that we go again to our homes_, 2655; on earde, 2737; nom. pl.
eácne eardas, _the broad expanses_ (in the fen-sea where Grendel's home
was), 1622.
eardian, w. v.: 1) _to have a dwelling-place, to live; to rest_: pret. pl.
dýre swyrd swâ hie wið eorðan fäðm þær eardodon, _costly swords, as they
had rested in the earth's bosom_, 3051.--2) also transitively, _to
inhabit_: pret. sg. Heorot eardode, 166; inf. wîc eardian elles hwergen,
_inhabit a place elsewhere_ (i.e. die), 2590.
eard-lufa, w. m., _the living upon one's land, home-life_: acc. sg.
eard-lufan, 693.
earfoð-lîce, adv., _with trouble, with difficulty_, 1637, 1658; _with
vexation, angrily_, 86; _sorrowfully_, 2823; _with difficulty, scarcely_,
2304, 2935.
earfoð-þrag, st. f., _time full of troubles, sorrowful time_: acc. sg.
-þrage, 283.
earh, adj., _cowardly_: gen. sg. ne bið swylc earges sîð (_no coward
undertaken that_), 2542.
earm, st. m., _arm_: acc. sg. earm, 836, 973; wið earm gesät, _supported
himself with his arm_, 750; dat. pl. earmum, 513.
earm, adj., _poor, miserable, unhappy_: nom. sg. earm, 2369; earme ides,
_the unhappy woman_, 1118; dat. sg. earmre teohhe, _the unhappy band_,
2939.--Comp. acc. sg. earmran mannan, _a more wretched, more forsaken man_,
577.
earm-beág, st. m., _arm-ring, bracelet_: gen. pl. earm-beága fela searwum
gesæled, _many arm-rings interlaced_, 2764.
earm-hreád, st. f., _arm-ornament_. nom. pl. earm-hreáde twâ, 1195 (Grein's
conjecture, MS. earm reade).
earm-lîc, adj., _wretched, miserable_: nom. sg. sceolde his ealdor-gedâl
earmlîc wurðan, _his end should be wretched_, 808.
earm-sceapen, pret. part. as adj. (_properly, wretched by the decree of
fate_), _wretched_: nom. sg. 1352.
earn, st. m., _eagle_: dat. sg. earne, 3027.
eatol. See atol.
eaxl, st. f., _shoulder_: acc. sg. eaxle, 836, 973; dat. sg. on eaxle, 817,
1548; be eaxle, 1538; on eaxle ides gnornode, _the woman sobbed on the
shoulder_ (of her son, who has fallen and is being burnt), 1118; dat. pl.
sät freán eaxlum neáh, _sat near the shoulders of his lord_ (Beówulf lies
lifeless upon the earth, and Wîglâf sits by his side, near his shoulder, so
as to sprinkle the face of his dead lord), 2854; he for eaxlum gestôd
Deniga freán, _he stood before the shoulders of the lord of the Danes_
(i.e. not directly before him, but somewhat to the side, as etiquette
demanded), 358.
eaxl-gestealla, w. m., _he who has his position at the shoulder_ (sc. of
his lord), _trusty courtier, counsellor of a prince_: nom. sg. 1327; acc.
pl. -gesteallan, 1715.