The Kél-efélle, with the chiefs Feréferé, Áden, and Mohammed
Eksémena; the Kél-idér, with Bélé the chief mentioned by me in my
Journal, who is the principal chief of the whole tribe of the
Eháwen-n-Ádagh; the Kéljía, with Áshelma; the Kél-dómberi, with
Alaide; the Kél-ténelak; the Kél-dína; the Tázuwy-tázuwy, with
Elfodíyi; Kelráshar.
Akótef, with the chief Dalle, with the two subdivisions of the Hágelel
and Ózgar.
Ibúrzazen.
Imítteshen.
Imesrérsen.
Imakélkalen, another subdivision of this tribe with the chief Manzúki.
Kél-rémmat.
Tarbóka.
As Aníslimen or tolba of this group, the following tribes became known
to me:—
Isakkamáren, and Kél-sakkamáren, the latter with the chief El Kádhi
Agge Hámmeten, both these tribes being evidently fragments of the
tribe of the Seghmára (however the name may be spelt), described by El
Bekrí, and other Arab geographers, as settled on the northern bank of
the Niger, round about Tademékka, and occupying a district of many
days’ journey in extent; indeed it must be supposed that the Tademékka
at that time were in a certain degree dependent on the Seghmára. The
greater portion of this tribe we have found settled at the present
time in districts much farther towards the north. See Vol. I. p. 565.
_seq._ The Ibidúkelen, and finally a group of three tribes which
originally belonged to the Íghelád, namely, the Kél-tárashít, the Kél-
kabaye, and the Kél el horma.
The Tin géregef have received this name from the sandy downs, or
“ellib,” as they are called by the Arabs, bordering on the north side
of the Niger. Their chief is Áwáb, whom I have frequently mentioned in
my Journal, and they are, as far as I was able to make out, only
divided into five sections:—
Tingéregef éhe-n-tamellelt, or those of the white tent; Tingéregef
éhe-n-takáwelit, or those of the black tent, to whom belongs Awáb;
the Éhemed, Enéka, and Telamédes.
In a certain loose connection with this group are the Íghelád, a very
numerous tribe, at present reduced to the position of Aníslimen, who are
spread over a large tract of country, but are especially settled in the
district Tagánet, between Ázawád and Timbúktu. Here they have dug the
deep wells which distinguish that district, and their clans into which
they are divided are therefore mostly designated from these wells. Their
chiefs are Mohammed Áhmed ig Hawáli, E’ Táher, and Mohammed ʿAlí. The
following is a list of their numerous subdivisions:—
Kél-antsár, Kél-n-wíwaten, Kél-n-Nokúnder, Kél-n-sheréa, Kél-n-agózen,
Kél-n-bagsay, Kél-n-tushawén, Kél-n-wárrosén, Kél-n-abéllehan, Kél-
n-mʿamúr, Kél-n-érazar, Kél-n-gíba, Kél tintahón, to whom belonged the
learned Sheikh Sídí ʿAlí in the time of Bábá el kebír, Kél-téneg el
hay or Debórió, Kél-n-nettik, Kél-n-tinsmáren, Kél-n-tintazalt, Kél-n-
óshef, Kél-inneb, Kél-migágelit on the furthermost well of Tagánet,
Kél-n-márzafef, Kél-tin-udékan, Kél-tinekawat, Kél-n-téshak, Kél-hór,
to whom belongs the great fáki Táher, Kél-emaihór, Kél-téle, Kél-n-
tabarámit, very rich in cattle, Kél-takánkelt, Kél-tadrak, Inetáben,
Kél-tehórogén, Ibidúkelen, Kél-tághashít, Kél-elhorma, Kél kabáy, Kél-
sakkomáren, Kél-tadár, Kel-n-kézem, Kél-térshawén, Kél-téndetas, Kél-
tinhéllatén, Kél-insaid, Kél-eshínkay, Kél-n-álshinen, Kél-n-jarén,
Kél-n-áyeren, Ihéwan-nór-eddí, Terbáz, Kél-tegállit.
I now proceed to mention the most easterly group of the Awelímmiden,
who, in a political sense, have totally separated from the stock, and
are generally allied with the Kél-gerés. These are the Awelímmiden wuén
Bodhál, or, as they are generally called along the Niger, Dinnik, whose
chief, Músa, enjoys great celebrity. The sections into which this tribe
is subdivided I have not been able to learn.
I will conclude this short notice about these south-western Tawárek by
stating, in addition to the facts exposed in Vol. I. p. 223. _et seq._,
that I have not the slightest doubt that the Imóshagh are represented in
the ancient sculptures of Egypt, by the fourth human race called
Tʿamhʿu, or the inhabitants of the country Tʿemhʿ, and represented as of
very light colour, with their distinguishing curl on the right side of
the head, and their ear-rings. For the Mashawash, who are mentioned
together with the Tʿamhʿu, seem to be nothing else but the same tribe
under a different form of name. See Brugsch Geographische Inschriften
Altägyptischer Denkmäler, ii. p. 78. _et seq._, and Plate I.
[Footnote 82: Compare the account of Ábú ʿOmár Ébn ʿAbd el Ber in Ébn
Khaldún (trad. par Macguckin de Slane, vol. i. p. 174). Síggene, who by
my informants is stated to be the ancestor of Lamt, may seem to be
identical with Asnag, the ancestor of the Senhája, or Zenágha, with whom
the Awelímmiden are intimately related.]
[Footnote 83: I will here observe, that most of the vowels which I have
to distinguish by an accent, as showing the way of pronouncing the name,
are not at all expressed in Tefínagh.]
[Footnote 84: The name seems to be nearly the same as that of the
Khorímmeden.]
[Footnote 85: To the Imedídderen belonged Kosélete, the warrior who slew
ʿUkba el Mústajáb, the great Mohammedan hero in the history of the
conquest of Africa.]
[Footnote 86: The latter part of the name appears to me to have some
connection with the name of the Berber town Tútek, or Tautek, توتك from
whence the salt was carried to Tademékka in the time of El Bekrí (El
Bekrí, p. 183.).]