sending you the melancholy news of his death, which has afflicted the
whole country, as well as his poor servants, who loved him, I may say,
better than we did our lives. I am afraid he caught his death the last
country-sessions, where he would go to see justice done to a poor widow
woman and her fatherless children, that had been wronged by a
neighbouring gentleman; for you know, Sir, my good master was always the
poor man's friend. Upon his coming home, the first complaint he made
was, that he had lost his roast-beef stomach, not being able to touch a
sirloin, which was served up according to custom; and you know he used
to take great delight in it. From that time forward he grew worse and
worse, but still kept a good heart to the last. Indeed we were once in
great hope of his recovery, upon a kind message that was sent him from
the Widow Lady whom he had made love to the forty last years of his
life; but this only proved a lightning before death. He has bequeathed
to this Lady, as a token of his love, a great pearl necklace, and a
couple of silver bracelets set with jewels, which belonged to my good
old Lady his mother: He has bequeathed the fine white gelding, that he
used to ride a-hunting upon, to his Chaplain, because he thought he
would be kind to him; and has left you all his books. He has, moreover,
bequeathed to the Chaplain a very pretty tenement with good lands about
it. It being a very cold day when he made his will, he left for
mourning, to every man in the parish, a great frieze coat, and to every
woman a black riding-hood. It was a most moving sight to see him take
leave of his poor servants, commending us all for our fidelity, whilst
we were not able to speak a word for weeping. As we most of us are grown
gray-headed in our dear master's service, he has left us pensions and
legacies, which we may live very comfortably upon the remaining part of
our days. He has bequeathed a great deal more in charity, which is not
yet come to my knowledge, and it is peremptorily said in the parish,
that he has left money to build a steeple to the church; for he was
heard to say some time ago, that if he lived two years longer,
_Coverley_ church should have a steeple to it. The Chaplain tells
every body that he made a very good end, and never speaks of him without
tears. He was buried according to his own directions, among the family
of the COVERLEYS, on the left hand of his father Sir _Arthur_. The
coffin was carried by six of his tenants, and the pall held by six of
the _Quorum_: The whole parish followed the corpse with heavy
hearts, and in their mourning suits, the men in frieze, and the women in
riding-hoods. Captain SENTRY, my master's nephew, has taken possession
of the hall-house, and the whole estate. When my old master saw him, a
little before his death, he shook him by the hand, and wished him joy of
the estate which was falling to him, desiring him only to make a good
use of it, and to pay the several legacies, and the gifts of charity
which he told him he had left as quit-rents upon the estate. The captain
truly seems a courteous man, though he says but little. He makes much of
those whom my master loved, and shews great kindnesses to the old house-
dog, that you know my poor master was so fond of. It would have gone to
your heart to have heard the moans the dumb creature made on the day of
my master's death. He has never joyed himself since; no more has any of
us. It was the melancholiest day for the poor people that ever happened
in _Worcestershire_. This is all from,
'HONOURED SIR,
'Your most sorrowful servant,
'EDWARD BISCUIT.'
'_P. S._ My master desired, some weeks before he died, that a book
which comes up to you by the carrier, should be given to Sir ANDREW
FREEPORT, in his name.'
This letter, notwithstanding the poor butler's manner of writing it,
gave us such an idea of our good old friend, that upon the reading of it
there was not a dry eye in the club. Sir ANDREW opening the book, found
it to be a collection of acts of parliament. There was in particular the
Act of Uniformity, with some passages in it marked by Sir ROGER'S own
hand. Sir ANDREW found that they related to two or three points, which
he had disputed with Sir ROGER the last time he appeared at the club.
Sir ANDREW, who would have been merry at such an incident on another
occasion, at the sight of the old man's hand-writing burst into tears,
and put the book into his pocket. Captain SENTRY informs me, that the
Knight has left rings and mourning for every one in the club.
NOTES
SPECTATOR 1.
Page 1.
9. _black_. Dark. Cf. Shakespeare, Sonnet cxxvii:
In the old days black was not counted fair,
or _Love's Labour's Lost_, iv, iii. 265:
Paints itself black to imitate her brow.
Page 2.
6. _depending_. Undetermined. In law, pending. Cf.
Shakespeare, _Cymbeline_, iv. iii. 23:
We'll slip you for a season; but our jealousy
Does yet depend.
24. _public exercises_. Academic discussions maintained by candidates
for degrees at the older universities. Traces appear in the term
'Wrangler' (Cambridge) and in the supplementary viva voce examination.
Page 3.
5-10. _I made ... satisfaction_. Addison is alluding to John
Greaves, who journeyed to Egypt in 1638 and published a learned work
entitled _Pyramidographia_.
17 et seq. _Will's_, v. Appendix I, On Coffee-houses. Also for
Child's (3. 19), St. James's (22), the Grecian (25), the Cocoa-Tree
(25), and Jonathan's (29).
20. _the Postman_, edited by a Frenchman, M. Fonvive, is mentioned
in a contemporary account by John Dunton as the best of the newspapers.
It was published weekly.
23. _politics_ was frequently used for _politicians_. Perhaps
so used here.
26. _Drury-Lane_ theatre was built in 1674 and burnt down in 1809.
_the Hay-Market_ theatre took its name from the street in which it
was situated, which was the site of a market for hay and straw from the
reign of Elizabeth till the beginning of the nineteenth century. It was
built in 1705.
27. _the Exchange_ is at the east end of the Poultry. It was built
by Sir Thomas Gresham and opened by Queen Elizabeth in 1571. It was
destroyed by the Great Fire of 1666, and has since been twice rebuilt.
Page 4.
5. _blots_. In backgammon to expose a man to capture is called
leaving a _blot_.
23. _so many ... which_. Mixed construction: _the many ... which
or so many ... as_.
32. _spoken to_. Obsolete in ordinary speaking and writing;
survives in oratory.
34. _my lodgings_. The Spectator discourses on this subject in No.
12.
Page 5.
10. _complexion_. Aspect, appearance. Cf. Shakespeare, _Richard
II_., III. ii. 194:
Men judge by the complexion of the sky
The state and inclination of the day.
12. _discoveries_. Revelations, disclosures. Cf. Shakespeare,
_Rape of Lucrece_, 1314:
She dares not thereof make discovery.
14. _having been thus particular upon_. Having related so many
details concerning.
18. For the prevalence of clubs v. _Spectator_ 9.
19. _engaged me_. Made me undertake.
21. _Mr. Buckley's_. The printer of the _Spectator_.
_Little Britain_, formerly the mansion of the Duke of Bretagne,
near Aldersgate Street, was the regular booksellers' quarter.
SPECTATOR 2.
Page 6.
5. _Sir Roger de Coverley_. For a discussion of the identity
of Sir Roger and the other characters v. Appendix II, On the Spectator's
Acquaintance. The name was suggested by Swift (Elwin).
7. _that famous country-dance_. Originated by the minstrels of Sir
Roger of Calverley in the reign of Richard I. (Wills).
8. _parts_. Qualifications, capacities. Cf. Shakespeare, _King
Lear_, i. iv. 285:
My train are men of choice and rarest parts.
17. _Soho-Square_, south of Oxford Street, was a fashionable place
of residence. The name is derived from the cry 'So Hoe' in use when the
Mayor and Corporation hunted the hare over the fields of that district.
In _Spectator_ 329 Sir Roger says that he is staying in Norfolk-
Buildings.
19. _a perverse beautiful widow_. v. Appendix II.
22. _Lord Rochester_, the poet-wit, who died in 1680, was notorious
as a leader of fashionable dissipation. In this connexion he is
mentioned by Evelyn and Pepys.
_Sir George Etherege_, author of _The Man of Mode_ and two
other comedies, was the companion of Rochester in dissipation and
notoriety. He died in 1691.
23. _Bully Dawson_. A notorious ruffian and sharper.
29. _doublet_. A coat reaching just below the waist, introduced
from France in the fourteenth century.
Page 7.
9. _justice of the Quorum_. County justice, magistrate. _Quorum_
was a prominent word in their commission of appointment.
10. _quarter-session_. The quarterly meeting of magistrates, at
which cases sent up from petty sessions are tried. The word is now
always used in the plural form, _sessions_, as in _Spectator_
126.
12. _the game-act_ originated in the Game Laws of William the
Conqueror. The first Game Act was passed in 1496, and the one in force
at the time of Addison's writing in the reign of Anne. By these
enactments a man was qualified to take out a licence to kill game by his
birth or estate. The usual qualification was the possession of land to
the value of 100 pounds per annum.
14. _the Inner-Temple_ was originally the property of the Knights
Templars. It was converted into Inns of Court in 1311, after the
suppression of the military knighthoods.
17. _humoursome_. Whimsical, capricious. Cf. Shakespeare, 2
_Henry IV_., IV. iv. 34, 'As humorous as winter.'
20. _the house_. The fraternity of lawyers.
_Aristotle and Longinus_. Aristotle's _Poetics_ and the essay
'_On the Sublime_' of Longinus are the basis of all classical
criticism. Longinus was a critic of the third century. Addison probably
knew him in Boileau's famous translation of 1674.
21. _Littleton_. Author of a famous book on Tenures. He died in
1481.
_Coke_. The famous seventeenth century jurist and Chief Justice. He
is best known by his commentary on Littleton's _Tenures_.
28. _Demosthenes_. The famous Athenian orator of the fourth century
B.C.
29. _Tully_. Marcus Tullius Cicero, the great Roman orator of the
last century B.C.
31. _wit_. Understanding, perception. 'True wit consists in the
resemblance of ideas' when that resemblance is 'such an one that gives
delight and surprise to the reader.' (Dryden.) Cf. Shakespeare,
_Julius Caesar_, III. ii. 225:
I have neither wit, nor words, nor worth.
32. _turn_. Bent, proclivity.
34. _taste of_. Obsolete. Modern English, taste in.
Page 8.
5. _the time of the play_ varied from about five o'clock to
half-past six. Cf. _Spectator_ 335, where Sir Roger leaves Norfolk
Street at four o'clock for the play.
6. _New-Inn_. A square in Lincoln's Inn. _Russel-Court_. A
turning out of Drury Lane.
7. _turn_. Short time.
8. _periwig_. The long curled dress wig introduced at the
Restoration.
9. _the Rose_ was the actors' tavern in Covent Garden.
18. _the British common_. The sea stands to Britain in the relation
that the village common does to the village community.
Page 9.
5. _Captain Sentry_. v. Appendix II.
19. _left the world_. Retired from public life.
32. _his own vindication_. The claim he makes for himself.
Page 10.
9. _humourists._ Eccentrics. Cf. Ben Jonson, Prologue to _The
Alchemist:_
Many persons more
Whose manners, now call'd humours, feed the stage.
11. _Will Honeycomb_. v. Appendix II.
20. _habits_. Clothes. Cf. Shakespeare, _Hamlet_, I. iii.
70:
Costly thy habit as thy purse can buy.
30. _the Duke of Monmouth_ was the natural son of Charles II.,
and was famous for his personal beauty and fine manners. He was executed
in 1685 for pretending to the crown. Mention is made of him in the
diaries of Evelyn and Pepys.
Page 11.
22. _chamber-counsellor_. A consulting lawyer, who does not conduct
cases in the courts.
26. _gone_. Advanced.
SPECTATOR 106.
Page 12.
13. _humour_. Disposition. Cf. Shakespeare, _2 Henry IV._,
II. iv. 256, 'What humour's the prince of?--A good shallow young fellow.'
31. _pad_. A horse of easy paces. Obsolete.
Page 13.
13. _engages_. Binds in affection.
14. _is pleasant upon_. Jests concerning. Cf. Shakespeare, _Taming
of the Shrew_, III. i. 58:
Take it not unkindly, pray,
That I have been thus pleasant with you both.
30. _conversation_. v. note on p. 23, 1. 16.
34. _in several of my papers_. Once only, p. 6, 1. 10.
Page 14.
22. The meaning of this hint is explained in _Spectator_ 517.
Page 15.
8 et seq. All contemporary or recently dead divines.
SPECTATOR 107.
Page 16.
12. _family_. Household. Obsolete. Cf. Shakespeare, _Othello_,
I. 1. 84:
Signior, is all your family within?
Page 17.
1. _stripped_, of his livery, i.e. discharged. Cf. Shakespeare,
_Othello_, II. i. 173, 'Such tricks as these strip you out of your
lieutenantry.'
17. _cast_. Discarded. Cf. old saw:
Ne'er cast a clout till May be out.
29. _in bestowing_. Elliptical. Sc. _which consist_ before
_in bestowing_.
32. _husband_. Manager. Cf. Shakespeare, _Henry VIII_., III.
ii. 142:
Your earthly audit; sure, in that
I deem you an ill husband.
35. _fine when a tenement falls_. When a tenement became vacant,
the incoming tenant paid dues to the landlord.
Page 18.
18. _manumission_. Release. The word is derived from the process
of freeing a Roman slave--_manumissio_.
28. _that fortune was all the difference between them_. That their
inferior position did not imply an inferiority of nature.
Page 19.
1. _prentice_. Shortened form of apprentice. Cf. Shakespeare,
2 _Henry IV._, II. ii. 194, 'From a prince to a prentice.'
SPECTATOR 108.
Page 20.
2. _Mr. William Wimble_, v. Appendix II.
8. _jack_. Pike.
32. _angle-rods_. Fishing-rods. Cf. Shakespeare, _Antony and
Cleopatra_, II. v. 10:
Give me mine angle,--we'll to the river.
_officious_. Serviceable, ready to do things for other people.
The word is now restricted to its bad sense of meddlesome. Cf.
Shakespeare, _Titus Andronicus_, v. ii. 202:
Come, come, be every one officious
To make this banquet.
35. _correspondence_. Communication.
36. _a tulip-root_. William III. brought to England the passion for
tulip-growing which originated in Holland. At this time it was already
on the wane in England.
Page 21.
5. _setting dog_. Setter.
_made_. Trained.
10. _humours_. Pleasantries.
Page 22.
4. _played with it_. Now _played it_.
9. _quail-pipe_. A pipe with which quails are lured to the nets.
26. _humour_. Whim, notion. Cf. Shakespeare, I _Henry IV_,
III. i. 237, 'You are altogether governed by humours.'
Page 23.
4. _turned_. Adapted.
8. _my twenty-first speculation_ argues that it is better for a
man to go into trade than to enter an over-crowded profession, and
reproves 'parents who will not rather choose to place their sons in a
way of life where an honest industry cannot but thrive, than in stations
where the greatest probity, learning, and good sense may miscarry.'
SPECTATOR 109.
Page 23.
16. _conversation_. Intercourse, behaviour. Cf. Shakespeare,
_Antony and Cleopatra_, II. vi. 131, 'Octavia is of a holy, cold,
and still conversation.'
Page 24.
1. _jetting_. Projecting. Cf. Shakespeare, _Titus Andronicus,_
II. i. 64:
How dangerous
It is to jet upon a prince's right.
_habit_. v. note on p. 10, 1. 20.
2. The bonnet of the Yeomen of the Guard is a round cap of black velvet
with a gold band.
10. _the tilt-yard_. Formerly the yard of St. James's Palace.
11. _Whitehall_ was formerly a royal palace. It was almost entirely
destroyed in the two fires of 1691 and 1697.
14. _target_. Small shield. Cf. Shakespeare, 3 Henry VI., II i. 40:
Bear
Upon my target three fair-shining suns.
16. _pommel_. Rim in front of saddle.
17. _rid_. Obsolete. Now _rode_.
_tournament_. Here used for lists.
24. _the coffee-house_, v. Appendix I.
27. _bass-viol_. A large fiddle-shaped instrument held between the
legs. It was very fashionable in the eighteenth century, and was
generally to be found in the sitting-rooms of the upper classes for the
use of any guests who could perform on it. It is the viol-de-gamboys of
Sir Andrew Aguecheek (_Twelfth Night_, i. iii. 27).
28. _basket-hilt_. Steel hilt shaped like a basket.
Page 25.
1. _go-cart_. A sort of cage on small wheels for teaching children
to walk.
5. _hasty-pudding_. A kind of batter made of flour or meal and
water.
6. _white-pot_. A very rich Devonshire dish.
20. _slashes_. Slits to show the lining of a garment.
Page 26.
18. _knight of this shire_. Member of Parliament for this county.
30. _such_. Such and such, a certain. Cf. Shakespeare, _Merchant
of Venice_, I. iii. 128, 'You spurned me such a day.'
Page 27.
2. _discourse of_. Discourse concerning. Cf. Shakespeare, _Two
Gentlemen of Verona_, II. iv. 140:
Now no discourse, except it be of love.
6. _the battle of Worcester_, 1651, was the final defeat of Charles
II. by Cromwell.
7. _whim_. Whimsical idea.
SPECTATOR 110.
Page 27.
22. Psalm cxlvii. 9, 'He giveth to the beast his food, and to the young
ravens which cry.'
Page 28.
25. _Locke_. The author of the _Essay on the Human Understanding_
died in 1704. The reference is to II. xxxiii. 10.
26. _curious_. Elaborate, minutely detailed. Cf. Shakespeare,
_Cymbeline_, V. v. 361:
A most curious mantle, wrought by the hand
Of his queen mother.
Page 29.
14. _by that means_. On that account. Cf. Shakespeare, 2 _Henry
VI._, II. i. 178:
By this means
Your lady is forthcoming yet at London.
Page 30.
8. _Lucretius_. Poet and philosopher of the last century B.C.
His opinion on this point is expressed in _De Rerum Natura_, IV. 29,
33, et seq.
13. _pressed_. Impressed, constrained.
27. _Antiquities of the Jews_, XVII. xv. 415.
SPECTATOR 112.
Page 33.
27. _do_. Strictly _does_.
Page 34.
3. _incumbent_. Occupant (of the clerk's place).
13. _tithe-stealers_. The tithes being paid in kind, it was easy to
cheat the parson out of some portion of them.
16. _his patron_. The squire, who gave him his living.
SPECTATOR 113.
Page 35.
11. _settled_. Salmon thinks that the walk was not actually settled
upon the widow as her property, but that it was indissolubly connected
with her in Sir Roger's mind.
20. Cf. Orlando in _As You Like It_, III. ii. 10:
Carve on every tree
The fair, the chaste, and unexpressive she.
Page 36.
17. _rid_. v. note on p. 24, 1. 17.
19. _bitted_. Trained to carry their heads well with a bearing
rein.
22. _assizes_. Sessions of the court.
Page 37.
20. _far gone_. Deeply experienced. For this use of _gone_, cf.
Keats, _On a Lock of Milton's Hair_, 25, 'Grey gone in passion.'
21. _confident_. Now _confidant_.
28. _humane_. Human, civilized.
34. _pretended_. Presumed, attempted. Cf. Shakespeare, I Henry VI.,
IV. i. 6:
And none your foes but such as shall pretend
Malicious practices against his state.
Page 38.
7. _go on with_. Continue to charm you with, proceed with.
20. _discovered_, v. note on p. 5, 1, 12.
31. _last_. Most extreme.
Page 39.
9. _the sphinx_. The monster which continued to oppress Thebes until
such time as one of her victims should be able to answer the riddle she
put to him. Oedipus answered her, and she destroyed herself.
21. _a publick table_. When away from home, it was usual for a
traveller to dine, not at his lodgings, but at a _public table_ or
_ordinary_.
22. _tansy_. A very popular dish of the seventeenth century, a kind
of rich, spiced custard.
Page 40.
3. _Martial_. A Latin poet of the first century of our era. i. 69.
SPECTATOR 114.
Page 40.
24. _pretending_. Pretentious.
_in both cases._ In both particulars, i.e. fortune and conversation.
Page 41.
12. _dipped_. Mortgaged.
32. _personate_. Appear the possessor of.
Page 42.
7, 13. _Laertes and Irus_. Laertes was king of Ithaca and father
of Ulysses; Irus, or properly Arnaeus, a beggar who kept watch over
Penelope's suitors. Their names are here introduced as typical of the
rich and the poor man.
10. _four shillings in the pound_. The amount of the land tax.
19. _way_. If the verb is correctly _are_, _way_ should
be written in the plural.
Page 43.
11. _Cowley_, the poet and essayist, who died in 1667.
14. _author who published his works_. Dr. Sprat, Bishop of Rochester,
published Cowley's works in 1688.
18. _face_. Appearance. Cf. Shakespeare, _Tempest_, 1. ii.
104, 'The outward face of royalty.'
_great Vulgar_. Cowley concludes his Sixth Essay, Of Greatness,
with a translation of Horace, Book III, _Ode_ i, commencing:
Hence, ye profane, I hate ye all,
Both the great vulgar, and the small.
25. _lately mentioned_. In Steele's last paper, _Spectator_
109, p. 26, 1. 29.
26. _point_. Appoint. Cf. Shakespeare, Sonnet xiv. 6:
Pointing to each his thunder, rain and wind.
Page 44.
2. _being_. Existence, state of being. Cf. Shakespeare, Sonnet lxxxi.
II:
Tongues to be your being shall rehearse.
7. _relish_. Taste, enjoyment. Cf. Shakespeare, _Troilus and
Cressida_, III. ii. 20:
The imaginary relish is so sweet
10. _mansions_. Abiding-places. Cf. St. John, xiv. 2, 'In my
Father's house are many mansions.'
13. Quoted from an earlier passage in the same essay (v. note on p. 43,
1. 18).
SPECTATOR 115.
Page 45.
26. _the spleen_. Melancholy disposition, not the organ of that name.
Cf. Shakespeare, _As You Like It_, iv. i. 217, 'Begot of thought,
conceived of spleen.'
27. _the vapours_. Moods of depression. Cf. Fielding, _Amelia_,
iii. 7, 'Some call it the fever on the spirits, some a nervous fever, some
the vapours, some the hysterics.'
29 et seq. The argument runs: nature has adapted the body to exercise,
therefore exercise is necessary to our well-being. This is sound only on
the assumptions that everything which nature performs is based on
necessity, and that the body has been made in such a way as to secure
our well-being.
30. _proper_. Fit. Cf. Shakespeare, _Hamlet_, II. i. 114:
It is as proper to our age
To cast beyond ourselves in our opinions.
Page 46.
8. _laboured_. Worked, tilled. The verb is no longer used
transitively.
14. _condition_. State of prosperity, material circumstances. Cf.
Shakespeare, 2 _Henry VI_, v. i. 64, 'One so rude and of so mean
condition.'
22. _chace_. The substantive was distinguished from the verb by its
spelling. Cf. modern _practice_, _practise_.
34. _patched_. Perhaps with reference to the black patches worn on
the face to enhance its beauty; perhaps merely covered here and there,
studded.
Page 47.
1. _distinction sake_. The _'s_ of the possessive is omitted
before the initial _s_ of _sake_.
6. _The perverse widow_, v. _Spectator_ 113.
8. _amours_. Used of a single love-affair.
12. _sits_. Couches in her form or seat.
18. _Doctor Sydenham_, the celebrated physician, who died in 1689.
22. _Medicina Gymnastica_, by Francis Fuller, was printed in 1705.
24. _dumb bell_. An apparatus resembling that used for ringing a
church bell, but wanting the bell itself. The use of the modern form of
dumb-bell was introduced into England in Elizabeth's reign. It is
described in the next paragraph under the name of _skiomachia_.
33. _a Latin treatise_. Artis Gymnastica apud Antiquos, by
Hieronymus Mercurialis, 1569.
Page 48.
2. _loaden_. The verb has now become weak; loaded.
9. _uneasy_. Troublesome.
SPECTATOR 116.
Page 48.
25. _the Bastile_. The State prison in Paris, which was destroyed
by the mob in 1789 (v. Coleridge's poem on this subject, and the stirring
description in Dickens' _Tale of Two Cities_, II. xxi.).
Page 49.
20. Budgell has somewhat defaced the character of Sir Roger by this touch,
and by the inhuman humanity of p. 52, 1. 18.
24. _managed_. Broken in. Cf. Shakespeare, _Richard II_., III.
iii. 179:
Wanting the manage of unruly jades.
25. _stone-horse_. Stallion.
26. _staked himself_. Impaled himself on a stake in jumping.
29. _beagles_. Small hounds formerly employed in hunting the hare.
Cf. White's _Selborne_, Letter VI, 'One solitary grey hen was
sprung by some beagles in beating for a hare.' They are now superseded
by harriers, which are still sometimes called by their name.
30. _Stop-hounds_. So called because when one of them found the
scent he stopped and squatted 'to impart more effect to his deep tones,
and to get wind for a fresh start' (Wills).
32. _mouths_. Voices. Cf. Shakespeare, _Henry V_., II. iv. 70:
For coward dogs
Most spend their mouths when what they seem to threaten
Runs far before them.
33. _cry_. Pack. Cf. Shakespeare, _Coriolanus_, III. iii. 120,
'You common cry of curs.'
34. _nice_. Fastidious. Cf. Shakespeare, _Love's Labour's
Lost_, v. ii. 219, 'We'll not be nice; take hands.'
Page 50.
5. _counter-tenor_. Alto.
8. iv. i. 124. Shakespeare was not in Budgell's day so common a reservoir
of quotations as he has since become. Dryden had appreciated him, but he
was in general very little known, even among men of letters.
15. Hunting in July must have entailed great loss on the farmers before
it was forbidden by the Game Laws of 1831.
17. _pad_. v. note on p. 12, 1. 31.
19. _rid_. v. note on p. 24, 1. 17.
20. _benevolence_. In its literal meaning of _goodwill_.
25. _rid_. Now obsolete: _ridden_.
Page 51.
7. _chace_. v. note on p. 46, 1. 22.
35. _took_. Betook herself to. Cf. Shakespeare, _Comedy of
Errors_, v. i. 36:
Run, master, run; for God's sake, take a house!
Page 52.
2. _chiding_. Barking. Cf. Shakespeare, _Midsummer Night's
Dream_, iv. i. 120:
Never did I hear
Such gallant chiding.
10. _his pole_. The huntsman followed on foot, carrying a long
leaping-pole, which permitted him to keep a straighter course than he
could have done on horseback, owing to the state of the country.