CHAPTER XI.

NAVIGATION OF HUDSON BAY.

The question of the navigation of Hudson bay and Hudson strait has been

before the Canadian public for a period extending back almost to the

time of Confederation. An answer to this question has become more and

more pressing, as the latent wealth of the grain-fields of the Northwest

has been proved, and as the present means of transport of this great

volume of grain to the eastward become yearly less capable of handling

it expeditiously and cheaply.

Within the past few years the yield of Northwest grain has increased

enormously, and a second line of rails is being laid across the

continent to aid in the rapid transport of this wealth to the seaboard.

If the increase in the area of land opened annually to cultivation

continues as at present, a few years will show such a volume of grain to

be transported that the new outlets will be unable to give free exit to

it, and a new lane by which it can be taken to the European markets must

be found.

The route by rail to the port of Churchill, on the western side of

Hudson bay, and from thence to Europe in ships, is the shortest, and is

likely to prove the best, of all those outside the present routes by

rail to the headwaters of the St. Lawrence navigation.

Ships go wherever cargoes can be obtained, and all that is needed to

open Hudson bay for ordinary commercial navigation is a line of rails to

carry freight to one of its ports. At present the Hudson’s Bay Company

and the Revillon Fur Company have ships going annually to the bay, and a

greater amount of freight would attract more steamers.

As stated in the historical summary, the London merchants opened

communication with northern Russia by ships trading in the White sea in

the days of Queen Elizabeth. Spurred on by the success attending this

adventure to the northeast, a few years later they sent vessels to the

northwest, in the hopes of opening up a similar trade, and of

discovering a short and safe passage to the rich markets of China and

India.

Hudson’s voyage in 1610 resulted in the discovery of Hudson bay, and in

the knowledge that no great opportunities existed there for extensive

commerce, owing to the lack of civilized natives. James and Fox

completed the exploration of the bay, without coming in contact with any

of the natives residing on its shores.

The formation of the Hudson’s Bay Company was due to the knowledge of

the French fur traders, that a profitable trade might be carried on with

the natives frequenting the shores of the bay. This trade from its

nature never required a large fleet of ships in its carrying trade, but

since 1668 the company have sent annually one or more ships to supply

its posts, and to bring back the valuable furs obtained from the

inhabitants; and it is remarkable that with the imperfect charts of its

waters so few ships have been lost in the last two hundred and fifty

years; of these only a small number have met with disaster from contact

with the ice in the bay or strait. From the time of the Treaty of

Utrecht to the transfer of the lands of the Hudson’s Bay Company to the

Dominion, the bay and strait were a closed sea belonging exclusively to

the Company, and other ships entered these waters unlawfully, and

navigation by outsiders was practically prohibited there. The American

whalers visited the northern portions of the bay as early as 1860, and

within a few years their number had increased to fourteen ships

wintering in its northern waters. As these vessels did not directly

interfere with the fur trade they were left undisturbed, and are only

mentioned here to show that other ships besides those of the Hudson’s

Bay Company have for a considerable period been navigating the bay, but

being intent upon a paying enterprise did not herald their achievements

to the public.

The Dominion Government, in 1885-86, sent out steamers under Commander

Gordon to test the period of navigation of Hudson strait, and at the

same time established observation stations along the length of the

strait, where the action of the ice was studied during these two years.

Commander Gordon reported that the strait was open for three or four

months for navigation by specially constructed ships. In 1897 a second

expedition was sent out under the charge of Commander Wakeham, who was

accompanied by Mr. Fisher, a representative of the Manitoba government.

Both reported on the navigation of the strait and bay, and practically

upheld all the statements of Commander Gordon.

I was attached to the second expedition as a geologist, and performed

some exploring duties on the southern coast of the strait in the late

summer, having been on board the ship during her first passage through

the strait. This experience in the navigation of these waters was

further increased by a passage westward through the strait during the

following summer in the Hudson’s Bay Company’s steamer _Erik_, and still

further by the four trips of the past voyage.

Hudson strait has a length of nearly five hundred miles from Cape

Chidley, on the south side of its eastern end, to Cape Wolstenholme on

the same side of its western end. The general trend of the strait is a

little north of west, so that the western cape is about a degree and a

half to the northward of the eastern one, and is in 62° 30´ N. latitude.

At its eastern entrance the strait has a practical channel nearly

thirty-five miles wide between the outermost Button island off Cape

Chidley, and the shores of Resolution island on the north side. Gray

strait is a narrower channel between the Button islands and the southern

mainland. Immediately to the westward of Cape Chidley the southern shore

falls away to the southward to form the great bay of Ungava, which is

one hundred and forty miles wide, and somewhat more than that distance

in length. The large island of Akpatok lies in this bay, but as its

north end is to the southward of a line drawn across the mouth of the

bay, it does not seriously interfere with navigation in the strait.

From Cape Hopes Advance, the western point of Ungava bay, the southern

shore of the strait has a northwest direction to Cape Weggs, situated

one hundred and fifty miles beyond. The northern shore opposite has the

same general trend, and the strait for this distance averages sixty

miles across. Big island, situated on the north side in the western half

of this portion, extends southward, so as to reduce the width to thirty

miles.

To the westward of Cape Weggs the general trend of the south coast is

nearly due west, while the opposite side continues northwest to form

Gordon bay, after which it bends to the west and south, so that at its

western end the strait is about one hundred miles from mainland to

mainland, but of this distance the practical channel is limited to that

portion between the south coast and the large island of Nottingham, a

distance of thirty-five miles.

In the western half of the strait, Charles island, which lies about

twenty-five miles beyond Cape Weggs, is the only obstruction to

navigation. This island is twenty-five miles long, and lies nearly due

east-and-west, some twenty miles from the south shore of the strait. The

ship channel passes to the northward of the island, although there is a

good channel on its south side.

The depth of water in the ship track through the strait varies from

fifty to two hundred fathoms. There are no shoals, and with ordinary

precautions, there is little danger from stranding on the bold shores of

either side of the strait, or on the few islands that bound the channel.

A number of safe harbours easy of approach have been explored on the

southern side of the strait, and others equally good and safe are known

to be located on the north side, although they are at present

unsurveyed.

The passage from the western entrance of the strait to the port of

Churchill, on the western side of Hudson bay, is five hundred miles.

From the mouth of the strait the course is due west for seventy miles to

the eastern end of the wide channel between Coats and Mansfield islands.

This channel is practically one hundred miles long, and varies in width

from fifty miles at the eastern end, to over a hundred at the other.

The general course of the ship track from the eastern end of this

channel to Churchill is nearly southwest, and there are nowhere any

dangerous shoals or other obstructions to navigation.

In the track across Hudson bay the depth of water varies from fifty to

two hundred fathoms, while the approach to the low shores of Coats and

Mansfield and those of the western mainland is signalled by the gradual

lessening of the depth of water, which gives ample warning to ships

approaching the land.

It will be seen from the above description that there is no natural

difficulty in the navigation of the bay and strait so far as the depth

of water, presence of obstructions and width of channel are concerned,

and if situated in a more southern region the route would be an ideal

one for the navigator.

The western coast of Hudson bay is low and flat. It rises very slowly

inland from swampy shores, while the water deepens slowly, and there are

numerous shoals and bars that extend for a considerable distance from

the shore-line and render coastwise navigation dangerous. This character

of coast extends from the southern end of James bay to beyond the mouth

of Churchill harbour. Further north the character of the coast changes

somewhat, being still low, but much more uneven in outline, with a

corresponding unevenness in the sea-bottom. Beyond Eskimo point, in 61°

N. latitude, the straight shores of the southward give place to a ragged

coast-line broken by large bays, and fringed with rocky islands having

shallow water between them, and a broken bottom very dangerous to

navigation. On this account, and because of the danger from outlying

shoals and strong currents, the navigation of Chesterfield inlet and

that of the other northern bays and harbours is debarred from

consideration.

The mouths of all the large rivers to the southward of Churchill are

more or less blocked by deposits of sand and clay brought down by the

streams and deposited in the quieter waters at their mouths in the form

of bars or flat shoals. In consequence of these obstructions, only small

craft can enter the harbours inside the mouths of these rivers, and

larger ships are obliged to lay in the dangerous roadsteads usually

several miles away from the nearest dry land.

The approach to the harbour of Churchill, if aided by a few beacons and

lights, would be comparatively safe, as the channel of approach is

fairly deep and wide. Once inside the points of the mouth, the harbour

extends up stream about a mile, and has an average width of half a mile,

with a couple of shallow places in the upper part that might easily be

removed by dredging; the general depth of the harbour being from four to

four and a half fathoms.

Some knowledge of the currents is desirable in discussing the

navigability of Hudson strait and Hudson bay, for on them depend largely

the character and amount of ice met with in these northern waters.

Observations on the drift of the ice that covers the Arctic seas point

to a general law governing the currents. This law, briefly stated, is,

that no matter what the size, shape or direction of one of these

northern bodies of water may be, the direction of flow of the current

will be such that one facing with it will have the land on the right

hand. This may be differently stated by saying that with bodies of water

having a general north-and-south trend, the current will flow north on

the east side and south on the west, while in east-and-west bodies the

direction of flow will be west on the north side and east on the south

side. This law has been found to apply to the waters of Hudson strait

and Hudson bay as well as to those of the more northern bays and straits

visited on the _Neptune_. The mere statement of this law is made here,

as the discussion of the causes producing it, be they due to the earth’s

motion or wind action, is outside the province of this report.

The current from the eastward along the northern side of Hudson strait

was known to the early navigators of those waters, who took advantage of

it when passing through the strait from the Atlantic. The presence of

icebergs in the northern waters of the strait can only be accounted for

by this current, for they must all come from Davis strait, there being

no glaciers to produce them on the lands fronting on the strait or bay.

These icebergs have been seen as far west as the western end of

Salisbury island, almost to the entrance of Hudson bay.

The east-flowing current of the south side of the strait was proved by

the drift of the _Neptune_ when beset in the ice off Cape Wolstenholme,

and later, off Cape Weggs. In the former instance the drift of the ship

was thirty miles in twenty-four hours, while in the latter it was twenty

miles in twenty hours. Driftwood borne north on the current of the east

side of Hudson bay is not rare on the southern shores of the western

part of the strait, while large quantities of it are found on the

eastern shores of Ungava bay, having been drifted east and north from

the mouths of the rivers emptying into the head of that bay.

The current flowing westward along the north side of the strait sweeps

northward up the east side of Fox channel, rounds the head of that large

northern bay, and then flows southward along the east side of

Southampton, bringing with it the heavy ice from the northern parts of

Fox channel, so that heavy drift ice is almost always found to the north

of the eastern entrance to Evans strait, and often comes sufficiently

south to partly block the channel between Mansfield and Coats islands.

The current from the north along the western shores of Hudson bay is not

important as regards navigation, as it comes from the narrow waters of

Roes Welcome and does not transport a large quantity of field ice.

[Illustration: RAFTED ICE IN ROES WELCOME, JUNE, 1904.]

Similar currents follow the shores of Baffin bay and Davis strait; on

the east, or Greenland side, the flow is northward, while along the west

side or that of the Arctic islands the current is southward, and carries

on its surface great quantities of heavy field ice formed in these

northern waters, together with extensive masses of Arctic ice which have

passed south or east through the wide sounds connecting the northern

parts of Baffin bay with the Arctic ocean. Many icebergs discharged from

the northern glaciers are also found in this heavy ice of the ‘middle

pack’ of Baffin bay and Davis strait. This Arctic current closely

follows the eastern shores of Baffin island, branches of it sweeping

into Cumberland gulf and Frobisher bay. When it reaches the latitude of

the mouth of Hudson strait, the part adjacent to the land turns westward

through the channel between Resolution island and the north shore of the

strait, while another stream sweeps westward around the island of

Resolution, where, meeting the current flowing out of the strait, the

strong cross currents, tides and ‘overfalls’ noted by the earliest

navigators are formed.

The main stream of the Arctic current passes southward across the mouth

of Hudson strait, and forms the northern current of the Atlantic coast

of Labrador. It bears on its surface the wide stream of ice which in the

summer forms the ‘middle pack’ of Baffin bay, and which later in the

year passes the mouths of Cumberland gulf and Frobisher bay, and in

November, or early in December, closes the eastern entrance to Hudson

strait. At that time a considerable area of this northern ice may enter

the eastern part of the strait, but is prevented from completely filling

the strait by the amount of locally formed ice already covering its

waters. Continuing southward on the current, this stream of ice, often

upwards of fifty miles in width, blocks the coast of Labrador during the

early months of the year, and by the end of March arrives off the coasts

of Newfoundland, bearing on its surface an immense number of newly-born

seals to make the important seal fishery of Newfoundland. Part of this

ice is carried through the Strait of Belle Isle into the northern

portion of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, while the greater portion passes

south along the east coast of Newfoundland to Cape Race. Here the

western part of the ice is deflected to the westward along the southern

shores of the island, and finally enters the southern part of the Gulf

of St. Lawrence, while the remainder is soon melted in the warmer waters

of the Atlantic south of Newfoundland.

Ice commences to form in the smaller bays of the northern parts of

Hudson bay and Hudson strait early in October, and by the end of that

month the northern harbours are frozen over. The more southern ones,

especially those at the mouths of the larger rivers, do not close until

late in November or early in the following month. By the beginning of

January, James bay is frozen across, and at the same time solid ice

usually extends from the east coast of Hudson bay to the outer line of

islands, some sixty or seventy miles from that coast. In other parts of

Hudson bay, and in Hudson strait a margin of solid ice usually extends

from one to five miles from the shore, except where the coast is high

and bold with deep water close to the base of the cliffs. In such

places, especially at headlands, solid ice does not form, and the

natives in winter often have to make long and difficult detours inland

to pass them.

The main body of Hudson bay does not freeze solid, and the same may be

said of Hudson strait. Although this is the case, these waters are quite

unnavigable for ordinary ships during the winter and spring months owing

to the great sheets of heavy ice borne backwards and forwards by the

tides and currents, and drifted about by the winter gales. There is

little doubt that a specially constructed ship for ice navigation might

pass through Hudson strait at any season, but the voyage would be a long

one, and the difficulties and dangers would be great.

[Illustration: ICE IN CUMBERLAND GULF. SEPTEMBER, 1904.]

The ice of Hudson bay and the greater part of that of Hudson strait is

of local origin, being formed by the freezing of the surface of the sea

near-by. Observations on the growth in thickness of the ice were made in

Fullerton harbour throughout the winter of 1903-04, and a record of the

weekly observations is given later in the report. These observations

show that the thickness increases steadily until the month of June, when

a maximum of seventy-four inches was measured. The conditions under

which this was obtained were very favourable for the ice, and only in

similarly protected northern harbours does it attain such a thickness.

In the larger bays and along the unprotected coasts, where the ice

freezes later, and is frequently broken up by gales during the winter,

the thickness rarely exceeds three or four feet. This thinner ice makes

up the greater part of that found in the spring-time covering the waters

of Hudson bay and strait.

As the ice continues to increase until June, winter conditions continue

well into that month, and it is not until its last days that the heat of

the sun is sufficiently strong and sustained to begin the melting

process. With the advent of July this process is well under way, and the

daily change in the condition and amount of the ice is then marvellous,

so much so, that where everything was fast frozen in the beginning of

the month, by the middle not a vestige of ice remains.

If a single thickness of sheet ice covered these northern waters they

would be completely clear early in July, but unfortunately much of the

floating ice is ‘rafted’ or piled up, sheet on sheet, and the whole

cemented solidly together to form large masses often twenty feet or more

in thickness. This rafting is caused by the pressure formed by large

masses of ice driven together, or against ice attached to the shores,

which causes the ice along the margins to break and buckle, cake on

cake. These pressure areas are often of considerable size, and usually

are many times longer than broad. They serve as a framework to hold

together large fields of single sheet ice. When the thinner ice melts,

these pressure masses remain, and are dangerous to shipping until the

water has become sufficiently warm to melt the ice cementing the cakes

together; then they are harmless, as the slightest shock causes the mass

to fall to pieces with a great commotion but with little danger. This

disintegration is known as ‘calving.’

The northern ice which occasionally enters Hudson strait in the early

part of the winter as before described, is much more complicated and

much heavier in character than the local ice. Some of this ice may be

met with in the early period of navigation to the eastward of Big

island, and should be treated with respect. The icebergs included with

it often remain until late in the season, and form a source of danger in

foggy weather, but they are usually so few as to be negligible,

especially in the western half of the strait.

To summarize the foregoing: Hudson strait and Hudson bay do not freeze

solid, but are so covered with masses of floating ice as to be

practically unnavigable for at least seven months in the year. The ice

does not begin to melt until well into the month of June, and is not

sufficiently melted for safe navigation with ordinary steamers until the

middle of July. No ice is formed in the strait and bay sufficiently

heavy to obstruct ordinary navigation until the latter part of November,

but towards the close of this period there is danger from the early

passage of the northern pack across the mouth of the strait, and also,

to a much less degree, from the ice from Fox channel partly closing the

western entrance to the strait.

When the temperature of the air falls several degrees below zero, as it

does in November, a thick mist or fog rises from the open water and

renders navigation somewhat dangerous. In the early part of the season

before the ice has completely melted, fogs are liable to occur in

proximity to the ice fields. At other times fogs are not prevalent, and

the weather is ordinarily fair.

The worst storms come from the south and east, and these are usually

accompanied by rain in the summer, and by snow later in the season.

Northerly winds bring clear cold weather as a rule.

The period of safe navigation for ordinary iron steamships through

Hudson strait and across Hudson bay to the port of Churchill, may be

taken to extend from the 20th of July to the 1st of November. This

period might be increased without much risk by a week in the beginning

of the season and by perhaps two weeks at the close.

Ships entering Hudson strait from the Atlantic during the early part of

the season, when ice is present in the strait, should keep in the

northern half of the channel between Resolution and the Button islands.

Care should be taken to keep some miles from Resolution, as the strong

currents close to the island cause the ice to come together and open

again with considerable violence. The north side of the strait should be

followed as far as Big island, keeping at a respectful distance from the

land in order to avoid the pressure when the ice is pressed on the land

by southerly winds. There are frequently large quantities of ice in the

neighbourhood of Big island, with at times considerable pressure; on

this account ships should not approach close to the island. From Big

island the course should be so laid that the ship may pass a few miles

to the northward of Charles island, and from there the middle channel

should be followed to pass between Nottingham island and Cape

Wolstenholme. The southern side of the channel between Mansfield and

Coats is usually freer of ice than the north side.

In passing eastward through Hudson strait, advantage should be taken of

the favourable current on the south side, and that shore followed to

Charles island, where the channel to the south of the island may be

used, taking care to keep well away from the mainland until Cape Weggs

is passed. The southern half of the centre channel should then be

followed to beyond Big island, when the mid channel across the mouth of

Ungava bay will probably be found clear of ice.

The fur trade with the Indians and Eskimos living about Hudson bay or

along interior routes tributary to it, has for a period extending over

two centuries and a half furnished cargoes for two or more ships

belonging to the Hudson’s Bay Company. At the present time two ships are

engaged in this trade for the Company, while Revillon Bros. employ two

more. The whale fishery now supports two ships. These four ships

represent the developed trade of the bay and strait at the present time.

The undeveloped natural resources of the regions surrounding these

waters appertain to mining and fisheries, and to the forestry of the

territory surrounding the rivers flowing into the southern parts of the

bay. Iron ores have been found on the islands and shores of the eastern

side of Hudson bay, where they cover large areas and where valuable

deposits corresponding to those of the hard ores of Lake Superior will

be discovered when sought for. On the western shores of the bay between

Chesterfield inlet and Churchill, extensive deposits of copper-bearing

rocks have been located, and there is every prospect of valuable mines

being discovered in that region when the ground has been properly

prospected. A valuable mica mine is being worked at a profit on the

north shore of Hudson strait, and the condition and character of the

rocks there point to the discovery of similar deposits on that side of

the strait. Iron ores are known to occur along the west side of Ungava

bay, and the rocks of the southern side of the strait in many places are

favourable to the occurrence of valuable minerals. The greater part of

the coastal region has only been geologically examined in a hurried

manner, while large stretches are practically unknown inland.

Nothing is at present known of the fisheries of the deeper waters of the

strait and bay, and the knowledge of the fisheries of these waters is

confined to the coasts and rivers. In the southern part of the bay,

large quantities of sea-run trout and whitefish are taken by the

natives. The Arctic salmon, a fish superior to the best Pacific salmon,

is plentiful along the eastern side of the bay to the northward of James

bay, as well as in the mouths of the rivers of the northern and

northwest coasts, and also along both shores of the strait. Lake trout

is a common fish in these northern rivers and lakes. Cod have been taken

in several places along the east side of Hudson bay as far north as Cape

Smith; on the western side little is known of this fish beyond the

occurrence of a few in Roes Welcome, and some small specimens taken

among the ice at Fullerton. A cod fishery has been carried on for a

number of years at Cape Chidley, and these fish are said to be plentiful

along the east side of Ungava bay, but do not appear to go farther

westward through the strait from the Atlantic. Cod are reported to be

abundant in some of the fiords of the south side of Frobisher bay.

The forestry of the southern rivers is outside the scope of this report,

and it need only be mentioned that large areas of pulpwood and

merchantable spruce occur along the banks of these streams, awaiting a

suitable outlet to market by way of Hudson bay and strait.

These undeveloped resources of the north will no doubt when developed

add greatly to the annual shipping of Hudson bay, but the main increase

to the fleet will be due to the products of the great plains of the

Northwest, now rapidly filling with robust settlers. These products of

the western farms, grain, butter, and cattle, will naturally seek the

shortest road to the European markets; a road not only shorter, but

owing to its cool climate, capable of landing perishable products and

grain in a better condition than the more southern routes.

Taking Regina as a convenient centre for these northwestern farming

lands, the distance from there by way of Prince Albert to Churchill is

about 800 miles, or the same distance as from Regina to Fort William on

Lake Superior, and a thousand miles shorter than the distance from

Regina to Montreal at the head of sea navigation on the St. Lawrence.

The distance from Churchill to Liverpool is almost the same as that from

Montreal to Liverpool; consequently there is a saving in distance of a

thousand miles of rail or river carriage in favour of the northern

route.

The question of the storage of the grain until the season following the

harvest, is at first sight a serious one, but when it is known that not

twenty per cent of the grain at present reaches the seaboard before the

opening of navigation of the year following that in which it is

harvested, this objection practically disappears, for the grain may be

as well stored on the shores of Hudson bay as in the elevators on the

plains, or at Fort William. The question of storage is reduced to the

length of time between the opening of navigation of Hudson strait, and

the time required to transport grain from Fort William to Montreal after

the opening of navigation on the great lakes, and this difference in

time may be measured by days.

The country through which a railway must run to reach the port of

Churchill is known to offer no serious difficulties, and although the

local freights between the bay and the head of Lake Winnipeg may be

small, the district traversed is equal in fertility and natural

resources to much of that through which the Canadian Pacific Railway

runs to the northward of the great lakes. Given a good harbour, such as

that of Churchill, and an adequate number of tramp steamships, there

will be no difficulty in removing from that port during the season of

safe navigation all the grain and other supplies that can be drawn there

by a single line of rails.

The object of this article on the navigation of Hudson strait and Hudson

bay is to point out the period of safe navigation, and the advantages

and drawbacks of this route to Europe; other problems of transportation

and usefulness being left to those in a better position to judge and

pronounce upon them.

APPENDICES

APPENDIX I.

METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS TAKEN ON BOARD DOMINION GOVERNMENT STEAMER

‘NEPTUNE.’

(_By Messrs. C. F. King, L. E. Borden and G. B. Caldwell._)

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Date.│Barometer: │Thermometer│Tem│ Direction │Anemome│ Clouds.│Location│Remarks.

│ at Sea │ │per│ of Wind │ ter. │ │ . │

│ Level │ │atu│ │ │ │ │

│ │ │re │ │ │ │ │

│ │ │of │ │ │ │ │

│ │ │Sea│ │ │ │ │

│ │ │ . │ │ │ │ │

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│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ . │ │ │ │ │ │

Aug. 26│ ..│ ..│29·│51·│ ..│ ..│.. │.. │.. │NE │.. │.. │..│..│ 3│Bay of │

│ │ │782│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Island│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ s, │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Nfld. │

”   27│29·│29·│30·│50·│60·│ 45│.. │ W │NE │NE │.. │.. │ 5│ 5│ 9│Strait │

│893│877│030│ 4│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ of │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Belle │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Isle. │

”   28│30·│30·│29·│48·│55·│ ..│.. │ N │SSE│NW │.. │.. │ 4│ 1│ 8│ │

│038│003│987│ 5│ 8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   29│29·│29·│30·│45·│54·│ ..│.. │NW │NW │NW │.. │.. │ 1│ 9│ 8│10 m. N │

│889│947│073│ 8│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Turnav│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ik │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Island│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ s. │

”   30│30·│29·│30·│48·│51·│ ..│.. │NW │NW │WNW│.. │.. │ 2│ 5│..│C. │

│167│956│005│ 5│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Mugfor│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ d. │

”   31│29·│29·│ ..│52·│52·│ ..│.. │ W │.. │.. │.. │.. │ 1│ 5│..│Nachvak.│

│961│948│ │ 0│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│High, │30·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │167│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│Low, │29·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │782│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│Average│29·│49·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│, │970│ 4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

Sept. 1│29·│ ..│29·│43·│56·│ ..│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │ 5│..│..│Port │

│945│ │939│ 5│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Burwel│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ l. │

”    2│29·│ ..│29·│36·│52·│ ..│.. │ESE│.. │ESE│.. │.. │ *│..│..│Frobishe│

│926│ │844│ 6│ 8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r Bay.│

”    3│29·│ ..│29·│39·│39·│ ..│.. │SE │.. │.. │.. │.. │ *│..│10│Cumberla│

│763│ │828│ 3│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ nd │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ G’lf │

”    4│29·│ ..│29·│37·│40·│ ..│.. │NE │.. │ESE│.. │.. │ *│..│10│     ” │

│799│ │749│ 7│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    5│29·│ ..│29·│38·│40·│ ..│.. │ E │.. │SE │.. │.. │10│..│ 6│     ” │

│714│ │731│ 8│ 2│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    6│29·│ ..│29·│39·│41·│35·│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │ 8│..│ 3│     ” │

│786│ │831│ 3│ 5│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    7│29·│ ..│29·│44·│46·│33·│.. │.. │.. │SW │.. │.. │ 3│..│ 8│Cyrus │

│898│ │850│ 3│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Field │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Bay. │

”    8│29·│ ..│29·│41·│48·│40·│.. │NW │.. │NW │.. │.. │ 5│..│ 3│Hall │Rain

│819│ │928│ 0│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Is., │ shower

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Baffin│ s.

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ . │

”    9│29·│ ..│29·│36·│48·│35·│.. │.. │.. │SE │.. │.. │ 2│..│10│Icy │      ”

│944│ │610│ 5│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Cove, │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Baffin│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ . │

”   10│29·│ ..│29·│44·│48·│42·│.. │ S │.. │ S │.. │.. │ 8│..│ 5│Charles │      ”

│358│ │331│ 5│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Island│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ . │

”   11│ ..│ ..│29·│41·│48·│38·│.. │.. │.. │ S │.. │.. │..│..│ 9│     ” │      ”

│ │ │434│ 5│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   12│29·│ ..│29·│37·│ ..│36·│.. │NW │.. │WSW│.. │.. │10│..│ 7│Eric │      ”

│686│ │766│ 7│ │ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Cove │

”   13│29·│ ..│29·│37·│39·│34·│.. │ S │.. │ S │.. │.. │ 5│..│10│Nottingh│Snow.

│642│ │565│ 5│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ am │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Isd. │

”   14│29·│ ..│29·│33·│39·│32·│.. │NW │.. │NW │.. │.. │10│..│10│Bell │Fog.

│797│ │924│ 8│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Island│

”   15│30·│ ..│30·│32·│37·│27·│.. │NW │.. │NW │.. │.. │10│..│10│Fisher │

│041│ │198│ 9│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Str. │

”   16│30·│ ..│29·│36·│37·│ ..│.. │NW │.. │SW │.. │.. │ 8│..│ 5│S. of C.│Snow

│166│ │915│ 2│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Fuller│ flurri

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ton │ es.

”   17│ ..│ ..│29·│41·│43·│36·│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │..│..│10│Near │Rain.

│ │ │675│ 0│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Whitne│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ y │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Inlet.│

”   18│29·│ ..│29·│39·│41·│37·│.. │SW │.. │SW │.. │.. │10│..│ 8│     ” │  ”

│656│ │650│ 9│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   19│29·│ ..│29·│38·│41·│37·│.. │WSW│.. │ S │.. │.. │10│..│ 9│Winchest│

│650│ │657│ 8│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ er │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Inlet.│

”   20│29·│ ..│29·│35·│37·│35·│.. │ E │.. │NE │.. │.. │10│..│10│” │Rain and

│514│ │499│ 5│ 0│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ snow.

”   21│29·│ ..│29·│36·│37·│35·│.. │ N │.. │ N │.. │.. │10│..│ 9│     ” │Rain.

│537│ │688│ 2│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   22│ ..│ ..│30·│35·│40·│33·│.. │NE │.. │NE │.. │.. │ 8│..│10│     ” │Snow.

│ │ │075│ 0│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   23│30·│ ..│30·│36·│40·│30·│.. │SE │.. │SE │.. │.. │..│..│..│Cape │  ”

│149│ │176│ 0│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Fuller│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ton │

”   24│30·│ ..│30·│26·│28·│25·│.. │Eby│.. │NE │.. │.. │..│..│..│     ” │

│084│ │057│ 5│ 0│ 0│ │ N │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   25│29·│ ..│29·│28·│33·│25·│.. │NE │.. │NE │.. │.. │..│..│..│     ” │

│892│ │890│ 0│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   26│29·│ ..│29·│27·│33·│25·│.. │NE │.. │NE │.. │.. │..│..│..│     ” │

│895│ │829│ 5│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   27│29·│ ..│29·│30·│35·│26·│.. │NE │.. │NE │.. │.. │..│..│..│” │Small

│774│ │729│ 5│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ponds

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ frozen

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ .

”   28│29·│ ..│29·│29·│34·│27·│.. │NNE│.. │NNE│.. │.. │..│..│..│     ” │Snow.

│695│ │675│ 5│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   29│29·│ ..│29·│29·│34·│22·│.. │ESE│.. │ESE│.. │.. │..│..│10│     ” │ ”

│685│ │430│ 0│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   30│29·│ ..│29·│34·│39·│30·│.. │ S │.. │Sby│.. │.. │ ‡│..│ ‡│” │Rain and

│131│ │068│ 5│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ W │ │ │ │ │ │ │ snow.

│Average│29·│36·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│, │763│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│High, │30·│ ..│56·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │198│ │ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│Low, │29·│ ..│ ..│22·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │068│ │ │ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

Oct. 1│29·│ ..│29·│33·│ 39│ 32│.. │ N │.. │WSW│.. │.. │..│..│..│N. W. │Rain and

│136│ │368│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Hudson│ snow.

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Bay. │

”    2│29·│ ..│30·│20·│ 33│ 12│.. │NW │.. │NW │.. │.. │..│..│..│Chesterf│

│937│ │181│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ield │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Inlet.│

”    3│30·│ ..│29·│23·│ 29│ 17│.. │NE │.. │ E │.. │.. │..│..│..│    ” │Snow.

│234│ │926│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    4│29·│ ..│29·│32·│ 33│ 31│.. │ESE│.. │NE │.. │.. │..│..│..│” │Rain and

│430│ │093│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ snow.

”    5│28·│ ..│28·│22·│ ..│ ..│.. │NW │.. │NW │.. │.. │..│..│ 8│    ” │

│843│ │990│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    6│29.│ ..│29·│22·│ 34│ 21│.. │ W │.. │WSW│.. │.. │ 5│..│ 8│    ” │Snow.

│325│ │634│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    7│29·│ ..│29·│17·│ 26│ 13│.. │ W │.. │NW │.. │.. │ 2│..│ 3│    ” │Fog.

│832│ │882│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    8│29·│ ..│29·│18·│ 21│ 14│.. │NW │.. │ N │.. │.. │ 3│..│ 8│    ” │

│797│ │707│ 8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    9│29·│ ..│29·│21·│ 23│19·│.. │NNW│.. │SW │.. │.. │10│..│ 4│    ” │Snow.

│430│ │513│ 5│ │ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   10│29·│ ..│30·│20·│ 26│ 16│.. │NW │.. │NW │.. │.. │ 8│..│ 2│Outside │

│779│ │017│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Fuller│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ton │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Harbou│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r. │

”   11│30·│ ..│30·│13·│ 24│ 13│.. │ W │.. │ N │.. │.. │ 2│..│..│Fullerto│

│333│ │444│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ n and │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ winter│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ quarte│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ rs │

”   12│30·│ ..│30·│23·│27·│ 9│.. │SE │.. │SE │.. │.. │ 2│..│10│ ” │

│341│ │051│ 3│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   13│29·│ ..│29·│26·│30·│ 23│.. │ N │.. │ENE│.. │.. │ 7│..│10│    ” │

│889│ │785│ 5│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   14│29·│ ..│29·│30·│32·│ 23│.. │ E │.. │ E │.. │.. │10│..│10│    ” │Snow.

│406│ │174│ 7│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   15│29·│ ..│29·│16·│24·│ 5│.. │NW │.. │WNW│.. │.. │10│..│..│    ” │  ”

│179│ │523│ 8│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   16│29·│ ..│29·│3·0│15·│-3·│.. │NW │.. │NW │.. │.. │..│..│..│” │H’bour

│684│ │924│ │ 0│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ frozen

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ over.

”   17│29·│ ..│29·│2·5│18·│-8·│.. │SE │.. │.. │.. │.. │ 5│..│..│    ” │

│839│ │765│ │ 0│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   18│ ..│ ..│29·│1·5│18·│-8·│.. │.. │.. │NW │.. │.. │..│..│..│    ” │

│ │ │331│ │ 0│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   19│29·│ ..│29·│6·5│10·│ -3│.. │NW │.. │ W │.. │.. │..│..│10│    ” │Snow.

│340│ │111│ │ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   20│28·│ ..│29·│11·│14·│ 9│.. │WSW│.. │ W │.. │.. │10│..│10│    ” │

│765│ │032│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   21│29·│ ..│29·│8·5│14·│ 4│.. │ W │.. │.. │.. │.. │10│..│..│    ” │  ”

│321│ │590│ │ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   22│29·│ ..│29·│2·0│6·0│ -3│.. │.. │.. │ W │.. │.. │..│..│..│    ” │

│774│ │973│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   23│29·│ ..│29·│11·│23·│ -2│.. │ E │.. │SE │.. │.. │..│..│10│    ” │  ”

│971│ │352│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   24│29·│ ..│29·│23·│27·│ 8│.. │ESE│.. │NNE│.. │.. │10│..│ 3│    ” │  ”

│383│ │714│ 5│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   25│ ..│ ..│30·│8·0│18·│5·5│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │..│..│..│    ” │

│ │ │234│ │ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   26│29·│ ..│29·│15·│19·│ 15│.. │ N │.. │NE │.. │.. │ 5│..│ 5│    ” │  ”

│941│ │909│ 0│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   27│29·│ ..│29·│28·│30·│ 16│.. │SSE│.. │SSE│.. │.. │10│..│10│    ” │

│767│ │206│ 8│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   28│28·│ ..│29·│23·│32·│ 3│.. │SE │.. │NW │.. │.. │..│..│..│” │Rain and

│969│ │213│ 7│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ snow.

”   29│29·│ ..│29·│1·0│15·│-6·│.. │NW │.. │NW │.. │.. │ 3│..│..│    ” │

│638│ │869│ │ 0│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   30│29·│ ..│29·│3·0│7·0│ 1│.. │NE │.. │NE │.. │.. │ 5│..│ 5│    ” │

│931│ │810│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   31│29·│ ..│29·│16·│25·│ 6│.. │NE │.. │ S │.. │.. │ 5│..│10│    ” │

│721│ │656│ 3│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│Average│29·│16·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│, │648│ 4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│High, │30·│ ..│39·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │444│ │ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│Low, │28·│ ..│ ..│-8·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │765│ │ │ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

Nov. 1│29·│ ..│29·│27·│ 30│ 25│.. │SW │ S │SE │219│9·1│10│10│10│Fullerto│

│704│ │372│ 2│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ n. │

”    2│ ..│29·│29·│27·│ 32│ 22│.. │ W │ W │ N │380│15·│10│ 5│10│    ” │Snow.

│ │404│346│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ │

”    3│29·│29·│29·│11·│ 26│ 5│.. │ W │NW │ W │360│15·│ 3│..│ 2│    ” │

│444│684│828│ 9│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │

”    4│29·│30·│30·│5·5│ 11│ -3│.. │ W │NW │NW │330│13·│ 1│..│ 1│    ” │

│957│094│220│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”    5│30·│29·│29·│10·│ 24│ -2│.. │NW │ W │SSW│410│17·│ 2│..│10│    ” │

│156│980│689│ 1│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │

”    6│29·│29·│29·│26·│ 30│ 21│.. │ W │SW │SW │650│27·│10│10│10│Fullerto│  ”

│209│097│120│ 8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ n │

”    7│29·│ ..│29·│15·│ 29│ 6│.. │NW │.. │NE │150│6·2│10│ 3│..│ │

│255│ │350│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”    8│29·│29·│29·│8·0│ 10│ -2│.. │NE │NW │NW │70 │2·9│ 1│ 1│ 2│ │

│448│554│627│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    9│29·│29·│29·│6·3│ 8│ -2│.. │NW │NW │.. │80 │3·3│ 6│ 8│..│ │

│616│627│611│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   10│29·│29·│29·│9·3│ 12│ 5│.. │NE │NE │NE │100│4·1│10│10│10│ │

│654│721│715│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │

”   11│29·│29·│29·│6·8│ 11│ -2│.. │NE │NE │NE │770│32·│ 9│ 9│10│    ” │Blizzard

│651│663│633│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │08 │ │ │ │ │ .

”   12│29·│29·│ ..│ 11│ ..│ ..│.. │NE │NE │.. │860│47·│10│10│..│” │Anemomet

│523│393│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │77 │ │ │ │ │ er out

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ of

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ order.

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Record

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ for 18

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ hours.

”   13│ ..│ ..│ ..│20·│ 24│ 12│.. │NE │NE │NE │.. │.. │10│10│ 8│ │

│ │ │ │ 1│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   14│29·│29·│ ..│14·│ 25│ 12│.. │NE │NE │NE │.. │.. │ 7│10│10│ │

│528│680│ │ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   15│30·│30·│30·│-4·│ 8│-15│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │..│..│..│” │Aurora.

│156│220│247│ 1│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Snow.

”   16│30·│29·│29·│-8·│ 5│-16│.. │.. │ W │NW │295│32·│..│ 3│..│” │Anemomet

│044│977│909│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │77 │ │ │ │ │ er

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ readin

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ g for

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ hours.

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 13 in.

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ice in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”   17│29·│29·│29·│-1·│ 2│ -8│.. │ N │ N │NW │75 │3·1│..│ 2│..│ │

│730│728│756│ 8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 2 │ │ │ │ │

”   18│29·│29·│29·│-13│ 4│-18│.. │ N │NW │ N │90 │3·7│ 1│..│..│    ” │Aurora.

│727│656│668│ ·1│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”   19│29·│29·│29·│-12│ -8│-18│.. │ W │ N │.. │90 │3·7│ 3│..│..│    ” │  ”

│647│669│727│ ·8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”   20│29·│29·│29·│-3·│ -1│-20│.. │NE │ N │.. │100│4·1│ 8│ 8│ 8│ │

│785│861│928│ 1│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”   21│29·│30·│30·│-2·│ 3│ -8│.. │ N │ N │.. │120│5·0│10│10│..│” │Snow.

│988│072│122│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Aurora

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ .

”   22│30·│30·│30·│-15│ -4│-20│.. │NW │NW │NW │100│4·1│ 9│ 1│..│ │

│124│070│076│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”   23│29·│29·│30·│-9·│ -8│-20│.. │.. │.. │NW │105│4·3│ 5│ 2│..│ │

│942│025│025│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”   24│30·│30·│30·│-1·│ -1│-12│.. │NE │NE │NE │155│6·4│10│10│10│ │

│206│340│465│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │

”   25│30·│30·│30·│4·5│ 11│ -4│.. │NE │ S │SE │230│9·5│10│ 8│ 5│ │

│542│563│020│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ │

”   26│30·│30·│29·│1·6│ 11│ -9│.. │NE │ E │ E │210│8·7│..│ 6│10│ │

│187│127│907│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”   27│29·│29·│29·│14·│ 15│ 0│.. │ S │SE │ S │560│23·│ 7│10│10│ │

│734│772│869│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │

”   28│30·│30·│30·│15·│ 19│ 12│.. │ E │ S │ E │205│8·5│10│10│10│ │

│100│281│392│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 4 │ │ │ │ │

”   29│30·│30·│30·│6·1│ 11│ 0│.. │ N │ N │ N │75 │3·1│ 9│ 3│ 9│ │

│422│376│338│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │

”   30│30·│29·│29·│-6·│ 11│-10│.. │ N │NW │ W │230│9·5│..│..│..│” │21” ice

│073│975│907│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

│Highest│30·│ ..│ 32│-20│ │ │ │ │Gr’│Ave│ │ │ │ │

│, │563│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ate│rag│ │ │ │ │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │st │e, │ │ │ │ │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │190│6·3│ │ │ │ │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │mil│ 3 │ │ │ │ │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │es │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │in │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │hou│ │ │ │ │ │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │rs.│ │ │ │ │ │

│Lowest,│29·│ ..│ ..│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │120│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│Average│29·│4·8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│, │609│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

Dec. 1│29·│29·│29·│-8·│ -6│-12│.. │NW │NW │NW │130│5·4│..│ 2│..│Fullerto│Aurora.

│746│638│616│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 1 │ │ │ │ n │

”    2│29·│29·│29·│ 4·│ 9│-11│.. │NW │SE │NE │60 │2·5│ 4│10│10│    .. │Snow.

│578│724│727│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    3│30·│30·│30·│-19│ 7│-24│.. │ N │ N │NW │220│9·1│ 1│..│..│    .. │

│124│750│261│ ·6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    4│30·│30·│29·│-5·│ 3│-25│.. │ W │SW │ E │260│10·│ 5│10│ 8│    .. │Aurora.

│273│009│850│ 8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │25 │ │ │ │ │

”    5│29·│29·│29·│-7·│ 5│-25│.. │ N │ N │ N │330│13·│ 3│10│..│    .. │

│539│560│735│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │75 │ │ │ │ │

”    6│29·│29·│29·│-26│-15│-29│.. │ N │NW │ N │415│17·│..│..│..│    .. │

│806│734│720│ ·0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │29 │ │ │ │ │

”    7│29·│29·│29·│-18│-15│-26│.. │ N │ N │NW │435│18·│..│ 2│ 1│.. │24” ice

│578│562│593│ ·3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │12 │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”    8│29·│29·│29·│-13│-11│-20│.. │NW │NNW│NW │230│9·5│..│..│..│Fullerto│Aurora.

│477│559│653│ ·6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ n │

”    9│29·│29·│29·│-20│-15│-25│.. │NW │WNW│WNW│100│4·1│ 1│..│..│    .. │

│750│742│660│ ·6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”   10│29·│29·│29·│-17│-15│-26│.. │ N │NW │.. │135│5·6│ 3│ 1│..│    .. │

│586│594│585│ ·6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 2 │ │ │ │ │

”   11│29·│29·│29·│-8·│ -2│-22│.. │ N │NE │WNW│215│9· │..│ 6│..│    .. │Snow.

│641│613│480│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   12│29·│29·│29·│13·│ 15│ -5│.. │NNE│ N │ N │610│25·│10│ 4│10│    .. │

│329│112│256│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 4 │ │ │ │ │

”   13│29·│29·│29·│11·│ 15│ 7│.. │ N │NE │ N │610│25·│ 8│10│10│    .. │

│366│492│542│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 4 │ │ │ │ │

”   14│29·│29·│29·│ 2·│ 10│ -2│.. │ N │NE │ N │360│15·│10│ 8│10│    .. │

│698│743│858│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   15│29·│29·│29·│-3·│ 8│ -9│.. │.. │NW │NW │185│7·7│10│ 5│10│    .. │

│875│857│933│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 1 │ │ │ │ │

”   16│29·│29·│29·│-1·│ 5│ -6│.. │NW │NW │NW │165│6·8│ 8│10│..│    .. │

│916│929│951│ 7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”   17│29·│29·│29·│-0·│ 2│ -6│.. │NW │ N │NE │110│4·5│10│10│ 8│    .. │Snow.

│930│937│935│ 1│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ │

”   18│29·│29·│29·│9·4│ 15│ 0│.. │NE │NE │NE │550│22·│10│ 9│10│    .. │

│812│708│537│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 9 │ │ │ │ │

”   19│29·│29·│29·│8·3│ 11│ 0│.. │NE │SE │ E │350│14·│..│ 2│10│    .. │

│532│562│525│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │58 │ │ │ │ │

”   20│29·│29·│29·│3·8│ 12│ -2│.. │NE │NE │NE │510│21·│ 9│ 5│10│    .. │Aurora.

│429│498│579│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │25 │ │ │ │ │

”   21│29·│29·│29·│-1·│ 2│ -5│.. │ N │ N │NE │170│7·0│ 5│ 3│ 3│    .. │

│448│382│350│ 8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 9 │ │ │ │ │

”   22│29·│29·│29·│ -4│ 0│ -6│.. │ N │NNW│ N │300│12·│ 6│10│..│    .. │

│334│306│314│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │50 │ │ │ │ │

”   23│29·│29·│29·│-15│ 3│-20│.. │ N │NW │.. │90 │3·7│ 2│..│..│    .. │Aurora.

│346│418│414│ ·4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”   24│29·│29·│29·│-17│ -8│-20│.. │.. │ N │.. │120│5· │ 2│ 1│10│    .. │

│530│609│654│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   25│ ..│29·│29·│-5·│ -5│-10│.. │.. │.. │.. │200│8·3│..│10│..│    .. │

│ │588│611│ 2│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”   26│29·│29·│29·│-1·│ 3│ -6│.. │.. │.. │.. │280│11·│ 3│ 2│..│    .. │

│681│638│621│ 4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │

”   27│29·│29·│29·│-12│ 3│-21│.. │.. │NW │.. │80 │3·3│ 2│ 3│..│    .. │

│619│603│602│ ·7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │

”   28│29·│29·│29·│-19│-16│-22│.. │ W │ W │ W │150│6·2│..│..│..│.. │31” ice

│575│600│715│ ·3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”   29│ ..│29·│29·│-23│-19│-27│.. │ W │ W │ W │250│10·│..│ 3│..│    .. │

│ │630│548│ ·3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │41 │ │ │ │ │

”   30│29·│29·│29·│-31│-21│-38│.. │ W │.. │ N │140│5·8│ 1│..│..│    .. │

│288│194│232│ ·7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │

”   31│29·│29·│29·│-20│-15│-37│.. │ N │ N │ N │490│20·│ 3│..│..│    .. │

│382│505│625│ ·8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 1 │ │ │ │ │

│Average│29·│-8·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│, │634│ 1│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│High, │30·│ │ H.│ L.│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │750│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│Low, │29·│ ..│-15│-38│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │112│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

Jan.  1│29·│29·│29·│-23│-19│-25│.. │.. │ W │.. │220│9·1│..│ 2│ 1│Fullerto│Aurora.

│827│849│915│ ·3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ n. │

”    2│30·│30·│30·│-27│-23│-33│.. │ N │ W │.. │70 │2·9│..│..│..│    .. │

│068│115│207│ ·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    3│30·│30·│29·│-22│-10│-35│.. │.. │.. │ESE│140│5·8│..│..│10│    .. │

│214│110│964│ ·4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │

”    4│29·│29·│29·│-6·│ -2│ -9│.. │SE │SE │ E │330│13·│..│10│ 4│.. │33” ice

│550│634│463│ 1│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │75 │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”    5│29·│29·│29·│-22│ -8│-30│.. │ N │ W │ W │205│8·5│..│..│..│    .. │Aurora.

│716│777│889│ ·8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    6│29·│29·│29·│-10│ -3│-32│.. │ E │SE │ S │135│5·6│10│10│..│    .. │

│571│456│381│ ·7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 2 │ │ │ │ │

”    7│29·│29·│29·│-16│ -4│-30│.. │NE │NE │.. │505│2·1│..│..│..│    .. │

│457│654│714│ ·7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │

”    8│29·│ ..│29·│-16│-10│-26│.. │.. │.. │.. │30 │1·2│..│..│..│    .. │

│829│ │845│ ·1│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”    9│29·│29·│29·│-0·│ 3│-12│.. │SE │SE │SE │285│11·│10│..│10│.. │Haze.

│860│841│881│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │87 │ │ │ │ │ Aurora

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ .

”   10│29·│29·│29·│-1·│ 3│ -2│.. │ E │NE │ E │480│20·│ 5│10│..│    .. │

│900│917│786│ 2│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   11│29·│29·│29·│9·1│ 12│ -1│.. │ E │ E │ E │470│19·│10│10│10│.. │38” ice

│533│500│453│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”   12│29·│29·│29·│-6·│ 11│-19│.. │.. │.. │NW │130│5·4│ 1│..│..│.. │Sun dogs

│411│446│534│ 1│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 10

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ a.m.

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Aurora

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ .

”   13│29·│29·│29·│-25│ -5│-30│.. │NW │ W │ W │450│18·│..│..│..│    .. │Aurora.

│757│833│899│ ·4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”   14│29·│29·│29·│-30│-28│-34│.. │ W │ W │ W │310│12·│..│..│..│    .. │  ”

│950│949│990│ ·1│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 9 │ │ │ │ │

”   15│30·│30·│30·│-29│-26│-33│.. │ W │.. │.. │60 │2·5│..│..│..│    .. │  ”

│014│042│088│ ·7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   16│30·│30·│30·│-35│-26│-40│.. │NW │NW │NW │230│9·5│..│..│..│    .. │  ”

│172│191│243│ ·4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ │

”   17│30·│30·│30·│-35│-32│-41│.. │ W │WSW│WSW│420│17·│..│..│..│    .. │  ”

│284│367│294│ ·4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”   18│30·│30·│30·│-25│-16│-41│.. │ W │NW │SW │250│10·│ 4│ 5│..│.. │39½” ice

│278│214│070│ ·4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 4 │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”   19│30·│30·│30·│-26│-13│-38│.. │ E │ N │NE │410│17·│ 4│ 5│..│    .. │Aurora.

│644│672│869│ ·3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │08 │ │ │ │ │

”   20│30·│30·│30·│-39│-38│-42│.. │NE │ W │SW │70 │2·9│..│..│..│    .. │Snow.

│390│115│152│ ·5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 2 │ │ │ │ │

”   21│29·│29·│29·│-16│-12│-38│.. │ S │ S │ E │390│16·│ 5│10│10│    .. │Aurora.

│961│887│844│ ·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │92 │ │ │ │ │

”   22│29·│30·│30·│-14│-11│-18│.. │ E │NNE│NE │380│15·│ 6│ 9│ 8│    .. │  ”

│890│014│087│ ·8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │85 │ │ │ │ │

”   23│30·│30·│30·│-25│-20│-29│.. │ N │NE │NE │360│15·│..│..│..│    .. │  ”

│255│267│272│ ·5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │00 │ │ │ │ │

”   24│30·│30·│30·│-29│-26│-33│.. │ N │.. │.. │100│4·1│..│..│..│    .. │  ”

│237│215│166│ ·7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”   25│29·│29·│29·│-26│-23│-34│.. │.. │ W │ W │80 │3·3│..│..│..│.. │41” ice

│990│948│931│ ·5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”   26│29·│29·│29·│-30│-19│-34│.. │ W │ W │NW │30 │1·2│ 2│..│..│    .. │Aurora.

│826│831│909│ ·1│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”   27│29·│29·│29·│-34│-28│-39│.. │.. │.. │ W │40 │1·6│..│..│..│    .. │

│996│942│861│ ·4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │

”   28│29·│29·│29·│-22│-22│-38│.. │.. │ W │ W │160│6·6│..│10│..│    .. │Snow.

│520│538│572│ ·4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │

”   29│29·│29·│29·│-29│-26│-34│.. │ W │ W │ W │265│11·│..│ 3│..│    .. │Aurora.

│595│536│497│ ·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │46 │ │ │ │ │

”   30│29·│29·│29·│-33│-25│-40│.. │ N │.. │ N │135│5·6│..│..│..│    .. │  ”

│492│500│545│ ·7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 2 │ │ │ │ │

”   31│29·│29·│29·│-33│-28│-40│.. │.. │.. │.. │80 │3·3│ 3│..│ 1│    .. │

│568│551│554│ ·4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │

│Average│29·│-23│-12│-42│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│, │906│ ·0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│High, │30·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │869│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│Low, │29·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │361│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

Feb.  1│29·│29·│29·│-35│-33│-42│.. │NE │ N │ N │150│6·2│ 3│..│..│Fullerto│45” ice

│409│470│444│ ·7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ n │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”    2│29·│29·│29·│-32│-26│-43│.. │NNE│.. │.. │130│5·4│ 6│..│..│    .. │

│451│486│492│ ·7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 1 │ │ │ │ │

”    3│29·│29·│29·│-37│-35│-42│.. │NNE│NNE│ N │70 │2·9│..│..│ 7│    .. │

│494│515│565│ ·5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 1 │ │ │ │ │

”    4│29·│29·│29·│-11│ 1│-38│.. │WNW│NW │ N │460│19·│10│..│..│    .. │Aurora.

│691│032│165│ ·8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │17 │ │ │ │ │

”    5│29·│29·│30·│-23│-10│-30│.. │NE │NE │ N │400│16·│..│..│..│    .. │  ”

│700│912│110│ ·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │

Feb.  6│30·│30·│30·│-13│ 1│-32│.. │ W │ W │ N │170│7·0│ 5│ 7│10│Fullerto│Snow.

│254│186│076│ ·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ n. │

”    7│30·│30·│30·│1·3│ 7│ -4│.. │ N │ N │NE │440│18·│ 8│ 3│..│.. │Aurora.

│105│211│255│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │33 │ │ │ │ │ 48”

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ice in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”    8│30·│30·│30·│-3·│ 6│ -9│.. │NE │NE │.. │110│4·5│ 1│..│..│    .. │Aurora.

│389│447│529│ 4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ │

”    9│30·│30·│30·│-12│ -2│-18│.. │NW │NW │ W │30 │1·2│ 1│ 1│..│.. │62” ice

│618│650│678│ ·7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ on

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ fresh

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ water

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ponds.

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Au.

”   10│30·│30·│30·│-19│-17│-25│.. │ W │ W │ W │320│13·│..│ 4│10│    .. │Aurora.

│516│450│421│ ·4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │33 │ │ │ │ │

”   11│ ..│30·│30·│-23│-17│-31│.. │.. │ W │ W │270│15·│..│..│..│    .. │  ”

│ │322│343│ ·3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │41 │ │ │ │ │

”   12│30·│30·│30·│-25│-22│-33│.. │ W │.. │NE │200│8·3│10│ 8│..│    .. │

│242│162│091│ ·7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │

”   13│30·│30·│30·│-29│-22│-32│.. │ N │NE │.. │210│8·7│..│..│..│    .. │  ”

│027│074│141│ ·3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”   14│30·│30·│30·│-34│-22│-37│.. │ N │ N │.. │120│5· │..│..│..│    .. │

│156│141│102│ ·4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   15│29·│29·│29·│-33│-30│-39│.. │ W │ W │ W │90 │3·7│..│..│ 4│    .. │

│994│942│957│ ·7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”   16│30·│30·│30·│-30│-26│-38│.. │ W │NE │.. │50 │2·0│..│..│..│    .. │Aurora.

│118│313│408│ ·5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ │

”   17│30·│30·│30·│-15│-10│-37│.. │ E │ E │SSE│210│8·7│ 9│10│ 9│    .. │Snow.

│367│251│077│ ·8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”   18│29·│29·│30·│-22│-12│-36│.. │NE │ N │ N │220│9·1│ 1│..│..│    .. │Aurora.

│880│944│089│ ·1│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”   19│30·│30·│30·│-38│-29│-46│.. │WNW│WNW│NW │510│21·│..│..│..│    .. │  ”

│185│240│232│ ·1│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │41 │ │ │ │ │

”   20│30·│30·│30·│-34│-30│-44│.. │ W │ W │ W │370│15·│..│..│..│    .. │  ”

│243│271│249│ ·4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │41 │ │ │ │ │

”   21│30·│30·│30·│-35│-27│-39│.. │ W │ W │ W │230│9·5│..│..│..│    .. │

│710│136│021│ ·5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ │

”   22│29·│29·│29·│-29│-24│-35│.. │ W │ W │ W │240│10·│ 8│..│..│.. │53” ice

│647│523│415│ ·5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”   23│29·│29·│29·│-32│-26│-37│.. │ W │ W │ W │270│11·│ 1│ 1│..│    .. │

│298│305│223│ ·9│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │25 │ │ │ │ │

”   24│ ..│29·│29·│-30│-22│-42│.. │.. │NW │NW │460│19·│..│..│..│    .. │Aurora.

│ │313│446│ ·3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │17 │ │ │ │ │

”   25│29·│29·│29·│-40│-38│-46│.. │NW │ W │ W │260│10·│..│ 1│..│    .. │  ”

│457│556│649│ ·7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │83 │ │ │ │ │

”   26│29·│29·│29·│-37│-26│-46│.. │.. │.. │.. │70 │2·9│..│ 3│..│    .. │

│593│540│512│ ·5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 1 │ │ │ │ │

”   27│29·│29·│29·│-37│-33│-43│.. │.. │ W │NW │110│4·5│ 1│..│..│    .. │

│520│564│687│ ·5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ │

”   28│29·│29·│30·│-39│-35│-46│.. │ W │ W │NW │140│5·8│..│..│ 4│.. │55” ice

│934│992│005│ ·1│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”   29│30·│29·│29·│-39│-36│-45│.. │ W │ W │.. │100│4·1│..│..│..│    .. │

│004│978│946│ ·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

│Average│29·│-27│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │932│ ·0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│High, │30·│ │ 7│-46│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │710│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│Low, │29·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │032│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

March 1│29·│29·│29·│-38│-30│-46│.. │.. │NE │NE │80 │3·3│..│..│..│Fullerto│

│793│680│658│ ·4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ n. │

”   2│29·│29·│29·│-46│-40│-52│.. │ W │ W │ W │210│8·7│ .│ .│..│.. │Mercury

│691│700│710│ ·5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ frozen

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ at

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ -50°

”   3│29·│29·│29·│-40│-32│ │.. │ W │ W │ W │650│27·│ .│ .│..│  .. │

│725│642│681│ ·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │85 │ │ │ │ │

4│29·│29·│29·│-35│-35│-40│.. │ W │ W │ W │345│14·│ .│ .│..│  .. │Aurora.

│738│718│730│ ·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │95 │ │ │ │ │

”   5│29·│29·│29·│-33│-26│-41│.. │ W │ W │ W │185│7·7│ .│ .│..│  .. │

│828│966│953│ ·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   6│30·│30·│30·│-7·│ 1│-32│.. │ E │ E │SE │190│7·9│10│10│10│  .. │

│115│135│124│ 4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   7│30·│30·│30·│ 0·│ 5│ -3│.. │SE │SE │SE │210│8·6│10│10│10│.. │58” ice

│080│099│015│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”   8│30·│30·│30·│-27│ -2│-34│.. │NE │ N │ N │440│18·│..│..│..│  .. │

│062│210│324│ ·1│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │35 │ │ │ │ │

”   9│30·│30·│30·│-26│-13│-38│.. │ W │ W │ W │100│4·1│..│..│..│  .. │Aurora.

│432│557│606│ ·4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ │

”  10│30·│30·│30·│-24│-13│-35│.. │ W │ W │.. │30 │1·2│..│..│..│  .. │  ”

│758│767│804│ ·5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”  11│30·│30·│30·│-18│ -4│-32│.. │ W │.. │.. │10 │·42│..│..│ 1│  .. │  ”

│733│825│835│ ·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”  12│30·│30·│30·│-9·│ -3│-23│.. │.. │.. │.. │ 0 │ 0 │..│..│10│  .. │

│777│760│738│ 8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”  13│30·│30·│30·│-10│ 1│-19│.. │.. │ W │.. │15 │·62│ 4│ 6│..│.. │62” ice

│630│614│628│ ·7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”  14│30·│30·│30·│-12│ -2│-25│.. │ W │.. │.. │ 5 │·28│..│..│..│  .. │

│655│583│613│ ·8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”  15│30·│30·│30·│-12│ -9│-17│.. │.. │SW │SW │45 │1·8│..│ 4│ 4│  .. │

│444│381│312│ ·4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”  16│30·│30·│30·│-8·│ -1│-19│.. │.. │NE │NNE│105│4·3│ 8│..│..│  .. │

│071│101│177│ 8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”  17│30·│ ..│30·│-15│ 1│-26│.. │NNE│.. │ W │50 │2·0│..│..│ 1│  .. │

│142│ │010│ ·8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ │

”  18│29·│29·│29·│-22│-10│-33│.. │ W │.. │ W │45 │1·8│..│..│..│  .. │

│824│760│752│ ·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”  19│29·│29·│29·│-26│-15│-34│.. │ W │ W │ W │235│9·8│ 5│ 3│..│  .. │

│614│564│648│ ·3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”  20│29·│29·│30·│-28│-23│-38│.. │ W │NW │ W │350│15·│..│..│..│  .. │

│688│821│002│ ·6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”  21│30·│30·│30·│-19│ -8│-36│.. │.. │ N │NE │120│5· │..│..│ 2│.. │64” ice

│224│240│282│ ·6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”  22│30·│29·│29·│-2·│ 4│-20│.. │ N │NE │NE │200│8·3│..│ 7│..│  .. │

│008│910│857│ 8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │

”  23│29·│29·│29·│-8·│ -2│-16│.. │NE │NE │.. │250│9·1│..│..│ 3│  .. │

│807│847│907│ 7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”  24│30·│30·│30·│-26│-11│-34│.. │NE │NW │NW │200│8·3│..│..│ 1│  .. │

│049│200│330│ ·8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │

”  25│30·│30·│30·│-29│-20│-40│.. │SW │NE │NW │150│6·2│10│..│..│  .. │

│146│041│031│ ·6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”  26│29·│29·│29·│-26│-17│-41│.. │NW │NW │ W │200│8·3│..│..│ 3│  .. │Aurora.

│882│822│771│ ·7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │

”  27│29·│29·│29·│-18│-10│-41│.. │ E │SE │NW │245│10·│ 8│ 5│ 3│  .. │

│369│369│208│ ·4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 2 │ │ │ │ │

”  28│29·│29·│29·│-21│-14│-29│.. │ W │ W │ W │145│6·4│..│..│ 2│.. │68” ice

│327│361│505│ ·7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”  29│29·│29·│29·│-26│-15│-37│.. │ W │ W │ E │80 │3·3│..│..│ 1│  .. │

│646│668│731│ ·6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”  30│29·│29·│29·│-9·│ 2│-32│.. │ E │ E │ E │110│4·5│ 8│ 8│10│  .. │

│770│772│831│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”  31│29·│29·│30·│-7·│ 1│-16│.. │NE │ E │ N │330│13·│10│..│..│  .. │

│716│824│120│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

│Average│30·│-20│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│, │036│ ·6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│High, │30·│ │ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │835│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│Low, │29·│ │ │-53│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │176│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

April 1│30·│30·│30·│-14│ -2│-30│.. │ W │ W │SW │30 │1·2│..│..│ 6│Fullerto│

│474│469│361│ ·6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ n. │

”   2│30·│29·│29·│4·0│ 8│ -9│.. │SW │ S │SE │290│12·│ 9│ 9│10│  .. │

│102│968│556│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │00 │ │ │ │ │

”   3│29·│29·│29·│ 14│ 18│ 7│.. │.. │ E │NW │150│6·2│..│10│10│  .. │

│354│262│096│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

April 4│29·│29·│29·│-13│ 18│-18│.. │NW │NW │NW │665│27·│..│..│..│Fullerto│70” ice

│602│781│963│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ n. │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”    5│30·│30·│30·│-10│ 2│-18│.. │ W │ W │ W │290│12·│..│..│..│    .. │Aurora.

│170│227│219│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 9 │ │ │ │ │

”    6│30·│30·│30·│-1·│ 9│-10│.. │.. │.. │.. │20 │0·8│..│..│ 5│    .. │

│267│387│244│ 7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │

”    7│30·│30·│30·│1·3│ 11│ -8│.. │ W │ W │ W │130│5·4│10│..│..│    .. │  ”

│115│169│177│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 2 │ │ │ │ │

”    8│30·│30·│30·│ 3│ 16│-11│.. │ W │.. │ E │208│8·6│ 8│ 4│ 9│    .. │

│227│252│244│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │

”    9│30·│30·│30·│ 4│ 7│ -2│.. │NE │ E │ E │307│12·│10│10│10│    .. │

│329│166│154│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ │

”   10│30·│30·│30·│ -2│ 5│ -5│.. │ E │NE │NE │388│16·│ 5│ 2│ 1│    .. │

│141│131│223│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 2 │ │ │ │ │

”   11│30·│30·│30·│3·3│ 12│ -9│.. │.. │NE │.. │144│6·0│10│ 3│..│.. │71” ice

│223│194│261│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”   12│30·│30·│30·│5·3│19·│-20│.. │ N │.. │NW │69 │2·9│..│..│..│    .. │

│275│307│352│ │ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   13│30·│30·│30·│8·3│ 26│-11│.. │NW │.. │.. │ 6 │0·2│..│..│..│    .. │

│296│287│331│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”   14│30·│30·│30·│7·6│ 25│ -9│.. │ W │ W │NW │128│5·3│..│ 1│..│    .. │

│375│342│363│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │

”   15│30·│29·│29·│8·3│ 14│ -2│.. │ W │ W │SW │281│11·│10│10│10│    .. │

│100│897│526│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”   16│29·│29·│29·│11·│ 16│ -4│.. │ N │ N │ N │280│11·│10│10│ 1│    .. │

│355│462│603│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │66 │ │ │ │ │

”   17│29·│29·│30·│5·6│ 12│ -9│.. │ N │ N │ N │299│12·│ 3│ 5│..│    .. │

│723│847│186│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │46 │ │ │ │ │

”   18│30·│30·│30·│8·3│ 21│-10│.. │ N │ N │NW │123│5·2│ 6│ 5│ 5│.. │73” ice

│232│121│129│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 1 │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”   19│29·│29·│29·│10·│ 17│-10│.. │ W │SW │ W │237│9·8│ 5│ 9│..│    .. │

│952│935│742│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”   20│29·│30·│30·│5·0│ 12│ -2│.. │NE │NE │NE │290│12·│..│..│..│    .. │

│914│031│149│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │09 │ │ │ │ │

”   21│30·│30·│30·│7·3│ 13│-11│.. │NE │ E │SE │238│9·8│ 2│ 9│10│    .. │

│198│123│002│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”   22│29·│30·│30·│11·│ 16│ 5│.. │NE │NE │NE │312│13·│10│10│ 6│    .. │

│948│027│070│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │

”   23│30·│30·│30·│8·6│ 19│ -9│.. │.. │NE │.. │90 │3·7│..│..│..│    .. │

│244│312│364│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”   24│30·│30·│29·│12·│ 18│-13│.. │ W │SW │SW │260│10·│10│10│10│    .. │

│316│112│915│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ │

”   25│30·│30·│30·│13·│ 19│ 2│.. │NE │NE │ E │230│9·5│..│ 9│10│.. │74” ice

│166│202│172│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”   26│30·│30·│30·│17·│ 20│ 11│.. │NE │ E │ E │400│16·│10│10│10│    .. │

│112│058│056│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │

”   27│29·│29·│29·│20·│ 28│ 15│.. │SE │SE │.. │450│18·│10│10│..│    .. │

│811│596│534│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │75 │ │ │ │ │

”   28│29·│29·│29·│23·│ 30│ 19│.. │ W │ W │ W │380│15·│10│ 9│ 1│.. │Ptarmiga

│444│496│712│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ │ n

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ first

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ seen.

”   29│30·│30·│30·│15·│ 20│ ..│.. │NE │ E │ E │248│10·│ 6│10│10│    .. │

│078│128│143│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │

”   30│29·│29·│29·│25·│ 31│ 13│.. │ E │SE │SE │510│21·│ 4│10│10│    .. │

│941│778│650│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │25 │ │ │ │ │

│Average│30·│7·1│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│, │101│ 7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│High, │30·│ │ 31│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │474│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│Low, │29·│ │ │-30│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │096│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

May   1│29·│30·│30·│22·│ 30│ 8│.. │NW │NW │NW │283│11·│ 1│ 3│10│Fullerto│

│940│017│077│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ n. │

”    2│30·│30·│30·│21·│ 30│ 14│.. │SW │ W │ W │385│16·│10│10│..│.. │74” ice

│081│015│066│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”    3│30·│30·│30·│7·3│ 15│ -3│.. │NW │NW │NW │427│17·│..│..│..│    .. │

│149│176│143│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ │

”    4│30·│30·│30·│12·│ 20│ -7│.. │.. │NW │ W │255│10·│..│..│10│    .. │

│164│219│226│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │62 │ │ │ │ │

”    5│30·│30·│30·│21·│ 31│ 9│.. │NW │.. │NE │202│8·4│ 9│10│10│    .. │

│177│177│117│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 2 │ │ │ │ │

”    6│29·│29·│29·│18·│ 20│ 14│.. │NE │NE │NE │386│16·│10│10│10│.. │Solar

│965│825│632│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │08 │ │ │ │ │ corona

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ , 4.30

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ p.m.

”    7│29·│29·│29·│20·│ 23│ 16│.. │NE │NE │ N │654│27·│10│10│10│    .. │

│444│479│552│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │25 │ │ │ │ │

”    8│29·│29·│29·│11·│ 19│ 10│.. │ N │ N │NW │660│27·│10│10│10│.. │70½” ice

│626│630│656│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”    9│29·│29·│29·│14·│ 19│ 9│.. │NW │ W │NW │480│20·│10│10│10│    .. │

│577│548│558│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │

”   10│29·│29·│30·│11·│ 15│ 0│.. │ W │ W │ W │745│31·│..│ 9│10│    .. │

│813│974│121│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │04 │ │ │ │ │

”   11│30·│30·│30·│13·│ 15│ 7│.. │ W │.. │ W │305│12·│10│10│10│    .. │

│226│276│226│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”   12│30·│30·│30·│18·│ 28│ 14│.. │ W │ W │ W │236│9·8│10│ 2│ 3│    .. │

│149│106│050│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │

”   13│30·│30·│29·│12·│ 19│ 4│.. │ W │ W │ W │264│11·│ 9│ 8│..│    .. │

│103│005│946│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │

”   14│29·│29·│29·│13·│ 22│ -2│.. │.. │ W │ W │130│5·4│..│..│10│    .. │

│867│838│890│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   15│30·│30·│30·│26·│ 37│ 5│.. │.. │.. │ N │50 │2·0│..│..│10│    .. │

│020│045│154│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ │

”   16│30·│30·│30·│18·│ 24│ 3│.. │NE │ E │ E │140│5·8│..│ 1│10│.. │71½” ice

│296│347│378│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”   17│30·│30·│29·│23·│ 27│ 9│.. │ E │ E │SE │510│21·│10│10│10│    .. │

│277│130│978│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │25 │ │ │ │ │

”   18│29·│29·│29·│27·│ 34│ 22│.. │ S │SW │ W │370│15·│10│ 3│ 2│    .. │

│891│832│895│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │41 │ │ │ │ │

”   19│30·│30·│30·│31·│ 40│ 14│.. │.. │ E │NE │165│6·8│10│10│10│.. │Gulls,

│062│164│126│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │ geese

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ &

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ shore

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ larks

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ first

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ seen.

”   20│30·│30·│29·│24·│ 31│ 16│.. │ E │.. │SW │155│6·4│10│10│10│.. │Hawk

│145│067│973│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ first

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ seen.

”   21│29·│29·│29·│30·│ 32│ 25│.. │SW │SW │SW │270│11·│10│10│10│    .. │

│686│546│410│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │25 │ │ │ │ │

”   22│29·│28·│28·│31·│ 33│ 29│.. │ S │ S │ W │370│15·│..│..│10│    .. │

│076│925│942│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │41 │ │ │ │ │

”   23│28·│29·│29·│29·│ 38│ 23│.. │SW │NE │ N │360│15·│..│10│ 5│.. │75 in.

│994│105│123│ 2│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ ice in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”   24│29·│29·│29·│19·│ 23│11·│.. │NW │NW │ W │650│27·│..│ 6│10│    .. │

│184│143│141│ 3│ │ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ 1 │ │ │ │ │

”   25│29·│29·│29·│20·│ 22│ 17│.. │SW │SW │SW │400│16·│..│10│10│    .. │

│182│252│370│ 2│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │

”   26│29·│29·│29·│23·│ 24│ 15│.. │.. │ S │SW │150│6·2│10│10│10│    .. │

│412│459│514│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”   27│ ..│29·│29·│27·│ 32│ 22│.. │ S │ E │.. │150│6·2│10│10│10│    .. │

│ │523│568│ 2│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”   28│29·│29·│29·│28·│ 31│ 15│.. │NE │ E │NE │320│13·│10│10│10│    .. │

│532│543│569│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │

”   29│29·│29·│29·│31·│ 38│ 23│.. │.. │.. │ W │32 │1·3│ 9│ 4│ 2│.. │Fresh

│658│688│718│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │ water,

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ pools

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ open.

”   30│29·│29·│29·│29·│ 31│ 16│.. │.. │ E │ E │88 │3·6│10│10│10│.. │72 in.

│765│822│775│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │ ice in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”   31│29·│29·│29·│30·│ 35│ 22│.. │.. │SE │ E │90 │3·7│ 9│10│10│.. │Snow

│815│836│848│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ geese

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ seen.

│Average│29·│21·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│, │802│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│High, │30·│ │ 40│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │378│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│Low, │28·│ │ │ -7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │925│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

June  1│29·│29·│29·│28·│ 34│ 24│29·│NE │NNE│ N │340│14·│10│10│10│Fullerto│Snow.

│740│673│676│ 6│ │ │ 2 │ │ │ │ │17 │ │ │ │ n. │

”    2│29·│29·│29·│35·│ 44│ 29│29·│NNW│ N │.. │225│9·3│ 7│ 5│ 5│    .. │

│838│911│978│ 6│ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”    3│30·│30·│30·│32·│ 37│ 29│29·│NNE│NE │NE │125│5·2│10│10│ 9│    .. │

│110│137│433│ 5│ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │ 1 │ │ │ │ │

”    4│30·│30·│30·│33·│ 38│ 21│29·│ E │.. │SE │60 │2·5│10│ 1│ 8│    .. │Snow.

│273│525│377│ 3│ │ │ 9 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    5│29·│29·│29·│29·│ 47│ 25│29·│ S │ S │.. │370│15·│10│10│10│    .. │

│992│968│883│ 3│ │ │ 9 │ │ │ │ │42 │ │ │ │ │

”    6│29·│ ..│30·│35·│ 47│ 25│29·│NE │.. │.. │25 │1·0│ 9│ 5│ 2│.. │70” ice

│994│ │070│ 2│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 4 │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”    7│29·│29·│29·│29·│ 33│ 20│29·│SE │ S │ S │405│16·│10│10│10│    .. │Rain.

│820│780│473│ 8│ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │ 9 │ │ │ │ │ Fog.

”    8│29·│29·│29·│37·│ 38│ 31│29·│ N │ N │SW │395│15·│..│ 5│ 4│    .. │Snow.

│707│839│962│ 5│ │ │ 8 │ │ │ │ │62 │ │ │ │ │

”    9│30·│30·│30·│34·│ 37│ 28│.. │SW │ S │ S │250│10·│ 3│ 9│ 9│    .. │  ”

│176│212│186│ 8│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 4 │ │ │ │ │

”   10│30·│30·│30·│35·│ 42│ 28│29·│ S │ E │ E │285│11·│ 5│..│ 4│    .. │

│100│176│213│ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ 9 │ │ │ │ │

”   11│30·│30·│30·│33·│ 46│ 29│29·│ E │ E │ E │520│21·│10│10│10│    .. │Rain.

│164│110│045│ 6│ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │66 │ │ │ │ │

”   12│29·│29·│29·│32·│ 36│ 29│29·│NE │NE │.. │735│30·│ 4│10│10│    .. │  ”

│938│952│921│ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │62 │ │ │ │ │

”   13│29·│29·│29·│30·│ 32│ 27│29·│NNE│NE │NE │695│28·│10│10│10│.. │66” in

│712│631│606│ 3│ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │96 │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”   14│29·│29·│29·│30·│ 37│ 28│29·│NNE│NNE│ N │340│16·│10│ 8│ 6│.. │Anemomet

│590│556│621│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 1 │ │ │ │ │ er

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ readin

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ g for

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 21

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ hours.

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Sleet.

”   15│29·│29·│29·│34·│ 38│ 28│29·│ N │ N │NNE│225│9·3│ 5│ 4│ 6│    .. │

│729│752│810│ 2│ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”   16│29·│29·│30·│36·│ 42│ 28│29·│ N │ N │.. │105│4·3│ 4│..│10│    .. │

│845│912│211│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”   17│30·│30·│30·│35·│ 46│ 29│29·│SW │SW │SSW│50 │2·0│10│ 8│..│    .. │Rain and

│081│095│089│ 6│ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ 9 │ │ │ │ │ Sleet.

”   18│30·│29·│29·│31·│ 35│ 27│29·│ S │ S │ S │245│10·│10│10│10│    .. │

│614│868│810│ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │21 │ │ │ │ │

”   19│29·│29·│29·│36·│ 49│ 32│29·│SW │SW │NW │325│13·│ 7│ 5│ 4│.. │58” ice

│713│704│666│ 3│ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │54 │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”   20│29·│29·│29·│49·│ 60│ 30│30·│ W │ W │NW │350│14·│ 4│ 3│ 3│    .. │

│679│678│729│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │

”   21│29·│29·│29·│54·│ 63│ 34│30·│ W │ W │ W │100│4·1│ 4│ 6│ 4│    .. │Rain.

│753│753│746│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │

”   22│29·│29·│29·│43·│ 46│ 32│29·│.. │.. │NW │205│8·5│10│..│ 8│    .. │

│724│616│725│ 6│ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ 4 │ │ │ │ │

”   23│29·│29·│29·│42·│ 50│ 31│30·│NNE│NNE│ E │275│11·│ 3│ 3│ 3│    .. │

│729│750│837│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │46 │ │ │ │ │

”   24│30·│30·│30·│40·│ 48│ 29│30·│ E │ E │SE │85 │3·5│ 6│ 6│ 9│Fullerto│

│219│419│438│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 4 │ │ │ │ n │

”   25│29·│29·│ ..│37·│ 41│ 33│29·│.. │.. │SSE│115│4·8│ 6│..│10│.. │Fog.

│897│810│ │ 5│ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ (high)

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ .

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Rain.

”   26│29·│29·│29·│41·│ 48│ 33│31·│ W │ W │NW │100│4·1│ 4│ 9│ 3│  .. │

│793│720│715│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │

”   27│29·│29·│29·│43·│ 47│ 34│30·│NE │NE │ N │165│6·9│ 3│ 2│ 5│.. │45” ice

│669│619│698│ 3│ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

”   28│29·│29·│29·│42·│ 44│ 36│30·│NW │ N │ N │185│7·7│ 8│ 8│ 3│  .. │

│723│619│637│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   29│29·│ ..│29·│42·│ 43│ 36│30·│ N │.. │ N │130│5·4│ 2│..│ 3│  .. │

│679│ │915│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   30│29·│29·│30·│44·│ 49│ 33│31·│ W │NW │ W │170│7·8│..│..│..│  .. │

│936│957│021│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│Average│29·│37·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│, │894│ 4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│High, │30·│ │ 63│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │614│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│Low, │29·│ │ │ 20│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │473│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

July  1│30·│29·│29·│45·│ 48│ 33│31·│ W │ W │ W │160│6·6│ 1│ 1│ 3│Fullerto│

│015│866│965│ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ n │

”    2│30·│30·│30·│46·│ 51│ 32│30·│ S │SW │ W │80 │3·3│ 2│ 1│ 4│  ” │

│522│506│453│ 3│ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    3│30·│30·│30·│44·│ 57│ 34│31·│ E │ E │.. │90 │3·7│ 1│ 3│..│  ” │

│013│029│448│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”    4│29·│29·│29·│46·│ 52│ 34│31·│.. │NW │NE │140│5·8│ 5│ 6│ 3│  ” │22” to

│926│821│671│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 3 │ │ │ │ │ 45”

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ice in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Mirage

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ .

”    5│29·│29·│29·│43·│ 51│ 38│31·│NE │ E │.. │165│6·8│ 3│ 4│ 3│  ” │

│678│684│718│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 7 │ │ │ │ │

”    6│29·│29·│29·│40·│ 47│ 33│31·│ E │ E │ E │100│4·1│ 4│ 5│ 5│  ” │Rain.

│758│774│740│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 6 │ │ │ │ │

”    7│29·│29·│29·│33·│ 38│ 32│31·│ E │SE │ S │205│8·5│ 9│10│10│  ” │  ”

│768│772│710│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 4 │ │ │ │ │

”    8│29·│29·│29·│35·│ 37│ 32│31·│SE │SE │SE │190│7·9│10│10│10│  ” │Fog.

│713│769│597│ 6│ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    9│29·│29·│29·│42·│ 43│ 34│32·│NE │NE │NE │160│6·6│10│ 9│10│  ” │Rain.

│417│309│322│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   10│29·│29·│29·│42·│ 46│ 36│31·│NE │ N │NE │160│6·6│10│10│10│  ” │  ”

│211│152│197│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   11│29·│29·│29·│37·│ 41│ 35│31·│ E │.. │.. │180│7·5│10│10│10│” │30” ice

│220│727│341│ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ in

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ harbou

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r.

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Rain.

”   12│ ..│29·│29·│41·│ 47│ 33│31·│ N │.. │ E │300│12·│ 5│..│10│  ” │Showers.

│ │561│867│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │

”   13│29·│29·│29·│40·│ 42│ 31│31·│ E │ E │ E │230│9·5│10│10│10│  ” │

│492│504│447│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   14│29·│29·│29·│39·│ 43│ 33│32·│ E │ E │NE │.. │.. │ 9│ 4│ 3│  ” │

│406│467│512│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   15│29·│ ..│29·│39·│ 42│ 33│32·│ S │SW │ S │.. │.. │ 9│ 5│ 6│  ” │

│514│ │543│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   16│29·│29·│29·│41·│ 46│ 34│31·│SW │SW │.. │.. │.. │ 4│..│ 4│  ” │

│629│717│745│ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   17│29·│29·│29·│48·│ 50│ 31│32·│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │ 2│..│ 2│  ” │

│814│803│779│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   18│29·│29·│29·│47·│ 52│ 34│35·│NNW│.. │ N │.. │.. │ 2│ 2│ 2│Southamp│

│733│715│686│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ton I.│

”   19│29·│29·│29·│44·│ 47│ 35│34·│NNE│NNE│ N │.. │.. │ 3│..│ 3│Fisher │

│615│528│630│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ strait│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ . │

”   20│29·│29·│29·│39·│ 43│ 34│30·│ N │ N │.. │.. │.. │ 6│ 3│..│Digges │In ice.

│679│566│422│ │ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ island│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ . │

”   21│29·│29·│29·│34·│ 38│ 31│32·│.. │WSW│SW │.. │.. │10│10│10│  ” │  ”

│393│467│570│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   22│29·│29·│29·│41·│ 54│ 37│.. │ W │SW │ S │.. │.. │ 5│ 3│10│  .. │  ”

│480│480│445│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   23│29·│29·│29·│39·│ 46│ 34│.. │ S │NW │NW │.. │.. │ 9│ 6│ 4│  .. │Showers.

│414│478│441│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   24│29·│29·│29·│36·│ 39│ 36│.. │NW │ N │NW │.. │.. │10│ 8│10│  .. │Rain and

│655│729│747│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ fog.

”   25│29·│30·│ ..│39·│ 43│ 31│36·│WNW│WNW│.. │.. │.. │ 1│..│..│Port │

│879│418│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Burwel│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ l. │

”   26│30·│ ..│29·│49·│ 64│ 39│37·│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │..│..│..│  ” │

│422│ │815│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   27│29·│ ..│29·│66·│ 72│ 42│37·│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │..│..│..│  ” │

│797│ │703│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   28│29·│29·│29·│54·│ 68│ 47│36·│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │ 8│ 9│..│  ” │Showers.

│672│649│650│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

July 29│29·│29·│29·│45·│ 53│ 39│36·│SW │ W │.. │.. │.. │10│ 7│ 3│Port │Rain.

│751│773│810│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Burwel│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ l. │

”   30│29·│29·│29·│46·│ 46│ 36│35·│NE │NE │ N │.. │.. │10│10│10│  ” │  ”

│572│495│522│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   31│ ..│29·│29·│48·│ 60│ 36│35·│.. │ N │NW │.. │.. │ 4│ 3│ 4│  ” │  ”

│ │567│406│ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│Average│29·│43·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│, │683│ 07│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│High, │30·│ │ 72│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │522│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│Low, │29·│ │ │ 31│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │152│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

Aug.  1│29·│29·│29·│44·│ 50│ 42│.. │ S │ S │.. │.. │.. │10│10│10│ │

│327│428│506│ 6│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    2│29·│29·│29·│42·│ 47│ 35│36·│.. │ S │ S │.. │.. │ 5│ 5│ 5│Resoluti│

│526│521│568│ 3│ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ on │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Isd. │

”    3│ ..│29·│29·│38·│ 42│ 27│33·│SE │SE │.. │.. │.. │..│ 5│..│ │

│ │771│820│ 5│ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    4│29·│29·│29·│39·│ 42│ 35│37·│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │ *│ *│..│ │

│896│895│910│ 0│ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    5│29·│29·│29·│41·│ 42│ 32│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │ *│ *│ 7│ │

│930│929│926│ 0│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”    6│29·│29·│29·│40·│ 48│ 34│40·│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │ *│ *│..│Off │

│924│934│940│ 3│ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Disko,│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Greenl│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ and. │

”    7│29·│ ..│29·│42·│ 45│ 30│40·│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │..│..│..│Devils │

│951│ │433│ 5│ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Thumb.│

”    8│ ..│29·│29·│39·│ 43│ 25│34·│SW │SW │SW │.. │.. │10│10│10│N. of │Rain.

│ │892│935│ 0│ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Cape │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ York │

”    9│30·│29·│30·│47·│ 53│ ..│36·│WSW│WSW│WSW│.. │.. │..│ 4│..│Parkers │

│001│995│009│ 0│ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Snow │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ bay. │

”   10│ ..│29·│29·│46·│ 53│ 38│36·│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │..│..│..│Englefie│

│ │912│917│ 5│ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ld’s │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ gulf. │

”   11│29·│29·│29·│36·│ 43│ 31│38·│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │..│..│ 5│Cape │

│929│928│877│ 3│ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Sabin.│

”   12│29·│29·│29·│39·│ 42│ 23│36·│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │10│10│10│Lancaste│

│684│618│554│ 3│ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ r │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Sound.│

”   13│29·│ ..│29·│42·│ 50│ 34│37·│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │10│10│10│Cuming │

│442│ │424│ 3│ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Creek.│

”   14│29·│29·│29·│40·│ 47│ 37│35·│Strong │.. │.. │.. │10│10│10│  ”     │

│136│215│343│ 0│ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │  ” │

”   15│ ..│ ..│ ..│ ..│ 48│ 30│32·│Moderat│.. │.. │.. │..│..│..│Beechey │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ 0 │ ing │ │ │ │ │ │ │ island│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ . │

”   16│29·│29·│29·│40·│ 43│ 36│32·│ Gale │SW │.. │.. │..│..│..│Pt. │

│457│592│687│ 0│ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Leopol│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ d. │

”   17│29·│29·│29·│34·│ 40│ 30│32·│SW │SW │SW │.. │.. │ 5│ 7│ 8│Prince │Fog.

│758│770│832│ 3│ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Regent│

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ s │

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ inlet.│

”   18│30·│30·│30·│37·│ 39│ 30│32·│Various│.. │.. │.. │..│ 2│..│Byan │Rigging

│001│032│023│ 6│ │ │ 0 │ . │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Martin│ coated

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Is. │ with

│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ice.

”   19│ ..│29·│29·│37·│ 44│ 30│36·│Various│.. │.. │.. │..│10│10│Ponds │

│ │996│881│ 6│ │ │ 0 │ . │ │ │ │ │ │ │ inlet.│

”   20│29·│29·│29·│43·│ 48│ 35│34·│Various│.. │.. │.. │10│10│10│  ” │

│881│838│749│ 6│ │ │ 0 │to gale│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   21│ ..│29·│ ..│43·│ 48│ 35│32·│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │..│10│10│  ” │Fog.

│ │693│ │ 0│ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   22│29·│29·│29·│35·│ 38│ 32│32·│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │ *│ *│..│  ” │

│773│772│777│ 0│ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   23│29·│29·│29·│32·│ 37│ 27│32·│ E │.. │.. │.. │.. │..│..│..│  ” │Snowstor

│771│694│640│ 6│ │ │ 5 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ m.

”   24│29·│29·│29·│35·│ 39│ 25│31·│ N │.. │.. │.. │.. │ 5│ 8│ 8│  ” │

│720│735│754│ 3│ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   25│29·│29·│29·│38·│ 42│ 29│34·│.. │.. │.. │.. │.. │ 2│ 3│..│  ” │

│701│709│756│ 0│ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

”   26│29·│29·│29·│36·│ 42│ 21│36·│.. │.. │ S │.. │.. │..│10│10│  ” │Rain and

│837│813│811│ 6│ │ │ 0 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ fog.

”   27│29·│29·│ ..│34·│ 35│ 31│.. │NNW│ N │ N │.. │.. │10│ 9│10│  ” │Fog.

│717│680│ │ 3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│Average│29·│38·│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│, │475│ 02│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│High, │30·│ │ 53│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │032│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│Low, │29·│ │ │ 21│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

│ │136│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │

Key to symbols: * Fog. ‡ Partly.

APPENDIX II.

LIST OF BIRDS AND EGGS IDENTIFIED OR COLLECTED ON THE VOYAGE OF THE

‘NEPTUNE’ TO HUDSON BAY AND NORTHWARD.

Skins and eggs of a large number of the following species were collected

and preserved by Mr. Andrew Halkett, naturalist to the expedition. He

has been assisted in the identification by Prof. Macoun and the Rev. Mr.

Eifrig.

The notes on the distribution, etc., are supplied by Mr. Low.

_Gavia arcticus_ (Linn.).—Black-throated Loon.

Skins and eggs collected at Fullerton and Southampton island,

Hudson bay. Very common in the waters of Roes Welcome,

especially on the east side along Southampton island. Seen in

the bays of Baffin island. Breeds abundantly on Southampton;

nests built on islands or along the swampy edges of ponds not

far from the coast. Feeds in the sea.

_Gavia lumme_ (Gunn.).—Red-throated Loon.

Common along the shores and islands of Hudson bay and Hudson

strait, to the northward of James bay. Seen on the north coast

of Greenland and in all the northern waters. Breeds on islands

or shores of ponds, not far from coast. Feeds in the sea and

fresh water. Skins and eggs from Fullerton and Southampton.

_Cepphus mandtii_ (Licht.).—Mandt Guillemot.

Common everywhere in Hudson Bay and in smaller numbers

northward. Breeds on islands under large broken rocks, usually

talus, at the bottom of cliffs. Skins and eggs collected at

Fullerton and obtained at Cape Chidley.

_Uria lomvia_ (Linn.).—Brunnich Murre.

Common everywhere in the north where the coasts are sufficiently

high to afford nesting places. Not common in the northwest part

of Hudson Bay, owing to the low shores. Seen in numbers at the

mouth of Fox channel and in Hudson strait. Plentiful on the

Greenland coast as far north as Smith sound. Common along

Ellesmere and North Devon and southward along east coast of

Baffin. Breeds in great numbers at Cape Wolstenholme, Digges

islands and other places in Hudson strait. Remains in the open

water of Hudson bay throughout the winter, numbers having been

killed at that time at Fullerton. Skins and eggs, the latter

from Cape Chidley.

_Alle alle_ (Linn.).—Dovekie.

Not common in Hudson bay or strait. Found there in the winter,

but rarely seen in the summer. Very abundant along the north

Greenland coast, less so along the western side of Baffin bay.

Seen in Lancaster sound. Eggs from Cary island in Smith sound.

_Megalestris skua_ (Brunn.).—Skua.

Common in Davis strait and Baffin bay; also seen in the eastern

part of Hudson strait. Not seen in Hudson bay.

_Stercorarius parasiticus_ (Linn.).—Parasitic Jaeger.

Common about Roes Welcome, where it preys on the Arctic terns;

less common farther north. Eggs from Southampton. Nest on

islands in ponds. Skins from Roes Welcome.

_Stercorarius longicaudus_, Vieill.—Long-tailed Jaeger.

Less common than the former species in Roes Welcome, and seen

occasionally in the waters to the northward. Skins from

Fullerton and Southampton; eggs from Southampton and Cape

Chidley.

_Pagophila alba_ (Gunn.).—Ivory Gull.

Occasional birds of this species are seen in the early summer

among the heavy ice on the Atlantic coast of Labrador and in

Hudson strait. A specimen of the young in full plumage was shot

at Fullerton in the end of September.

_Rissa tridactyla_ (Linn.).—Kittiwake.

Not very common in the northern part of Hudson bay or elsewhere

in the north. Specimen from Fullerton.

_Larus glaucus_, Brunn.—Glaucous Gull.

The common big gull of the north. Common about Fullerton and

frequently seen along the northern coasts. Skins and eggs from

Fullerton and Cape Chidley.

_Larus marinus_ (Linn.).—Great Black-backed Gull.

A large colony seen on the high cliffs of Cuming creek, North

Devon, and in other inaccessible places on the northern islands.

Eggs from the islands off Cape Chidley.

_Larus argentatus_, Brunn.—Herring Gull.

Very common everywhere in Hudson bay; less so in the northern

waters, where its place appears to be taken by the Fulmars and

Skuas. Skins and eggs from Fullerton.

_Xema sabinii_ (Sab.).—Sabine Gull.

Common in Roes Welcome, about Whale point and on the Southampton

side. Flies with the Arctic Terns and also builds its nest along

with those birds on the small islands in the ponds of

Southampton. Skins and eggs from Southampton island.

_Sterna paradisœa_, Brunn.—Arctic Tern.

Very common along both sides of Roes Welcome. Breeds on the

islands along the west coast and on islands in the ponds of

Southampton island.

Common in Roes Welcome, about Whale point and northward.

_Fulmarus glacialis_ (Linn.).—Fulmar.

Very common along the Atlantic coast of Labrador, especially

about Cape Chidley. Common northward to Smith sound; very

numerous off Hall island, on the north side of Frobisher bay.

_Harelda hyemalis_ (Linn.).—Old-squaw.

Very common in the northern parts of Hudson bay and on the

Arctic islands. Breeds on the islands of the ponds. Remains in

the open water of Hudson bay throughout the winter. Numbers

killed at that season at Fullerton. Skins and eggs from

Fullerton and Southampton.

_Somateria mollissima borealis_ (Brehm.).—Northern Eider.

A number shot along with the American Eider, in the

neighbourhood of Fullerton. Skins from Fullerton.

_Somateria dresseri_, Sharpe.—American Eider.

Common everywhere in Hudson bay and to the northward, wherever

small islands are found along the shores suitable for breeding.

Very common on the west side of Roes Welcome, but rare on the

opposite side owing to the absence of small islands fringing

Southampton. Skins and eggs from Fullerton.

_Somateria spectabilis_ (Linn.).—King Eider.

Common in the northern part of Hudson bay, especially so about

the limestone islands, where they breed on the islands of the

numerous ponds. Do not breed on the islands like the American

Eider. Very numerous on the east side of Roes Welcome. Skins and

eggs from Fullerton and Southampton.

_Branta canadensis hutchinsii_ (Rich.)—Hutchins Goose.

Numerous in the spring about Fullerton. Found breeding on

Southampton in end of June. Nests in swampy ground, built up of

moss and grass. Skins and eggs from Southampton.

_Branta canadensis hutchinsii_ (Rich.).—Hutchins Goose.

Common about Fullerton in the spring. Breeds along with the

Lesser Snow Goose on Southampton. Skins from Fullerton and

Southampton.

_Olor columbianus_ (Ord.).—Whistling Swan.

Common on Southampton island, where it breeds in a large nest of

moss and grass in the swampy ground about the ponds. Skins and

eggs from Southampton.

_Grus canadensis_ (Linn.).—Little Brown Crane.

Several pairs seen on Southampton island. Breeds there. Skins

from Southampton.

_Crymophilus fulicarius_ (Linn.).—Red Phalarope.

Very common about Fullerton and on Southampton island, breeding

in swampy ground. Skins and eggs from Fullerton and Southampton.

_Tringa fusicollis_, Vieill.—White-rumped Sandpiper.

Breeds in the swampy ground about Fullerton. Skins and eggs.

_Tringa minutilla_, Vieill.—Least Sandpiper.

Found breeding about Fullerton. Skins and eggs.

_Tringa alpina pacifica_ (Coues).—Red-backed Sandpiper.

Found breeding about Fullerton. Skins and eggs.

_Ereunetes pusillus_ (Linn.).—Semipalmated Sandpiper.

Common everywhere in Hudson Bay. Skins and eggs from about

Fullerton.

_Calidris arenaria_ (Linn.).—Sanderling.

Found breeding about Fullerton. Skins and eggs from Fullerton.

_Squatarola squatarola_ (Linn.).—Black-bellied Plover.

Found at Whale point, Roes Welcome, evidently breeding there.

_Arenaria interpres_ (Linn.).—Common Turnstone.

A few small flocks seen about Fullerton.

_Lagopus ruspestris_ (Gmel.).—Rock Ptarmigan.

The Rock Ptarmigan is found throughout the year in the

neighbourhood of Fullerton, but only in small numbers during the

winter, the main body migrating southward early in October.

Thousands at that date were seen crossing Chesterfield inlet, in

flocks numbering up to several hundreds. They return from the

south in May, usually in pairs or small flocks. Skins from

Fullerton. Eggs from Cape Chidley.

_Archibuteo lagopus sancti-johannis_ (Gmel.).—Rough-legged Hawk.

A few seen about Fullerton in the spring. A young bird remained

on board the ‘Neptune’ for two days, coming aboard several miles

off Cape Chidley, in a dense fog.

_Falco islandus_, Brunn.—White Gyrfalcon.

Seen along the highlands of the south side of Hudson strait.

Skins and eggs from Cape Chidley.

_Falco peregrinus anatum_ (Bonap.).—Duck Hawk.

The Duck Hawk is more common than the Gyrfalcon, breeding on the

face of steep cliffs, and making its presence known by its

shrill cries. Skin from Fullerton. Eggs from Cape Chidley.

_Nyctea nyctea_ (Linn.).—Snowy Owl.

A few specimens were seen in the early spring about Fullerton.

They are reported by the natives to breed inland. At Cape

Dufferin on the east side of Hudson bay, upwards of thirty of

these birds were caught by placing fox traps on the top of short

poles, at intervals along the coast, during the southern

migration of the birds in October, 1901.

_Octocoris alpestris hoyti_, Bishop.—Hoyt Horned Lark.

This species was common at Fullerton in June, feeding along with

Snowflake and Longspur on the garbage about the ship. A number

were caught in traps. Skins and eggs from Fullerton.

_Corvus corax principalis_, Ridgw.—Northern Raven.

The Raven is found sparingly everywhere in the north. A pair

remained throughout the winter in the neighbourhood of

Fullerton. Skin from Fullerton. Eggs from Cape Chidley.

_Acanthis linaria_ (Linn.).—Redpoll.

A few seen about the ship in the spring at Fullerton. Common on

the east side of Hudson bay, to the northern tree-limit. Skins

and eggs from Cape Chidley.

_Passerina nivalis_ (Linn.).—Snowflake.

Very common everywhere in the north. Comes from the south at the

first signs of spring. Nests everywhere; nests, on grass and

feathers, usually hidden beneath a large boulder. Skins and eggs

from Fullerton and Cape Chidley.

_Calcarius lapponicus_ (Linn.).—Lapland Longspur.

Found everywhere along with the Snowflake. Eggs and skins from

Fullerton. Nest of grass with few feathers, not hidden.

_Anthus pensilvanicus_ (Lath.)—Pipit.

The Pipit is common along the shores of Hudson bay. Skins and

eggs from Fullerton.

APPENDIX III.

LIST OF PLANTS COLLECTED IN 1904 DURING THE CRUISE OF THE NEPTUNE.

(_By L. E. Borden, M.D., and named by Mr. J. M. Macoun._)

The letters after the species indicate the localities at which they were

collected. The localities and dates at which collections were made are

shown below.

July 10, Fullerton island F.

” 28-29, Port Burwell.... D.

Aug. 9, Parker Snow bay. S.

” 11, Cape Sabine..... A.

” 13, Cuming creek.... C.

” 15, Beechey island.. B.

” 20, Ponds inlet..... P.

Sept. 31, Wakeham bay..... W.

━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━┯━━┯━━┯━━┯━━┯━━┯━━┯━━┯━━

│F.│D.│S.│A.│C.│B.│P.│W.

───────────────────────────────┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──┼──

Ranunculus nivalis, L. │..│..│* │..│* │..│* │*

”      pygmæus, Wahl │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

Arabis alpina, L. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

Draba alpina, L. │..│..│..│* │* │* │* │..

”   Bellii, M. H. M. │..│* │..│..│..│..│* │..

”   Wahlenbergii, Hartm. │* │..│..│..│* │..│..│..

Cochlearia Groenlandica, L. │* │..│..│..│..│..│..│*

Cerastium alpinum, L. │* │* │* │..│..│..│* │..

Lychnis apetala, L. │..│* │..│* │..│..│* │..

Silene acaulis, L. │* │..│* │..│..│..│..│..

Stellaria longipes, Goldie. │* │* │..│..│..│..│* │..

Astragalus alpinus, L. │..│* │..│..│..│..│* │..

Oxytropus Bellii, (Britt.) │* │..│..│..│..│..│..│..

”      leucantha, Pers. │..│..│..│..│..│..│* │..

Dryas integrifolia, Ch. & Schl.│* │* │..│..│* │* │* │..

Potentilla emarginata, Pursh. │..│* │..│..│..│..│* │..

”      maculata, Pour. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

Saxifraga Aizoon, Jacq. │..│..│..│..│..│..│* │..

”     caespitosa, L. │* │..│..│..│..│..│..│..

”     cernua, L. │..│* │..│..│..│* │* │..

”     flagellaris, Willd. │..│..│..│* │..│..│..│..

”     Hirculus, L. │..│..│..│..│* │..│* │..

”     oppositifolia, L. │* │..│* │* │..│..│* │..

”     rivularis, L. │* │..│..│..│..│..│..│*

”     tricuspidata, Retz. │..│..│* │..│..│..│* │..

Sedum Rhodiola, DC. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

Epilobium latifolium, L. │..│* │..│..│..│..│* │..

”     spicatum, Lam. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

Antennaria alpina, Gaertn. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

Arnica alpina, L. │..│..│..│..│..│..│* │..

Erigeron uniflorus, L. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

”    debilis, Gray. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

Taraxacum ceratophorum, Lange. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

Campanula uniflora, L. │..│* │..│..│..│..│* │..

Arctostaphylos alpina, Spreng. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

Cassiope tetragona, Don. │* │..│..│..│..│..│* │..

Bryanthus taxifolius, Gray. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

Pyrola pumila, Hook. │..│* │..│..│..│..│* │..

Vaccinium uliginosum, L. │* │* │..│..│..│..│* │..

Diapensia Lapponica, L. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

Armeria vulgaris, Willd. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

Pedicularis hirsuta, L. │..│..│* │..│* │..│* │..

”       flammea, L. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

”       lanata, Cham. │* │..│..│..│..│..│..│..

Veronica alpina, L. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

Oxyria digyna, Hill. │..│* │..│..│..│..│* │..

Polygonum viviparum, L. │..│* │..│..│..│..│* │..

Empetrum nigrum, L. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

Salix anglorum, Cham. │* │* │* │..│* │..│* │..

”   herbacea, L. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

”   Labradorica, Rydb. │..│* │..│..│..│..│* │..

”   reticulata, L. │..│* │..│..│..│..│* │..

”   Uva-ursi, Pursh. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

Tofieldia borealis, Wahl. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

Luzula campestris, DC. │..│..│* │..│..│..│..│..

Carex hyperborea, Drej. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

Eriophorum capitatum, Host. │..│..│* │..│..│..│..│..

”      polystachyon, L. │* │..│* │..│* │..│* │..

”      vaginatum, L. │..│* │..│..│..│..│..│..

Alopecurus alpinus, L. │..│..│..│..│..│..│* │..

Colpodium latifolium, R. Br. │..│..│* │..│..│..│* │..

Hierochloa alpina, R. & S. │* │* │* │..│..│..│* │..

Poa arctica, R. Br. │..│* │* │..│..│..│..│..

Equisetum arvense, L. │* │..│..│..│..│..│..│*

Lycopodium Selago, L. │* │..│..│..│..│..│..│*

───────────────────────────────┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──┴──

APPENDIX IV.

NOTES ON THE FOSSIL CORALS COLLECTED BY MR. A. P. LOW AT BEECHEY ISLAND,

SOUTHAMPTON ISLAND AND CAPE CHIDLEY, IN 1904.

(_By Lawrence M. Lambe, F.G.S., F.R.S.C._)

BEECHEY ISLAND, LANCASTER SOUND.

_Acervularia austini_ (Salter). 1852. Sutherland’s voyage*,

appendix, p. ccxxx, Strephodes? Austini, pl. 6, figs. 6, 6a.

The type specimens of this species were obtained at Cornwallis, Beechey

and Griffiths islands. A number of corals in Mr. Low’s collection, from

Beechey island, appear to belong to this species, judging from Salter’s

description and figures and those of Houghton in the Journal of the

Royal Dublin Society, vol. 1, 1856-57 (1858), p. 246, pl. X., figs. 2,

2a.

In Mr. Low’s specimens the inner structure is fairly well shown. The

larger septa pass to the centre of the corallites where they are

slightly twisted, and together with the arched, rather vesicular tabulæ,

form a definite central area that appears at the bottom of the cups as a

more or less distinct boss. The septa (averaging from thirty to forty in

number) bear arched carinæ on their sides. The corallites are slightly

larger than those of _A. gracilis_† (Billings), from Grand Manitoulin

island, Lake Huron (Niagara group), otherwise the specimens could with

equal propriety be referred to the Lake Huron species. The size of the

corallites varies in _A. austini_ from about 3 to 8 mm. in diameter, in

Mr. Low’s specimens up to about 10 mm. across, but in _A. gracilis_ the

corallites seldom reach a diameter of 7 mm. If by a direct comparison it

is found that Mr. Low’s specimens are without doubt properly referable

to _A. austini_, and if it can be shown that the size of the corallites

cannot be relied on as a specific character, then _A. gracilis_ may have

to be regarded as identical with _A. austini_.

Two specimens of corals from Beechey island are not referable to any

genus with which the writer is acquainted. In these specimens the

structure is revealed, by weathering at the calicular surface and in

horizontal and longitudinal sections, as well as in sections obtained by

rubbing down and polishing. As the writer is unable to place this coral,

to his satisfaction, in any described genus, it is thought best to

establish a new genus for its reception. The main generic characters are

enumerated below with a brief description of the species which the

writer has much pleasure in naming after Mr. Low.

-----

* Journal of a voyage in Baffin’s bay and Barrow straits in the years

1850-1851 by Peter C. Sutherland, M.D., M.R.C.S.E., 1852.

† _Strombodes gracilis._ 1865 Geological Survey of Canada, Palæozoic

Fossils, vol. 1, p. 113, fig. 94, by E. Billings; and _Acervularia

gracilis_, 1900, Contributions to Canadian Palæontology, vol. IV, pt.

II, pl. XIV, figs. 2, 2a, by Lawrence M. Lambe.

_Boreaster._ Gen. nov.

Corallum composite, massive (or thickly incrusting), made up of

intimately connected polygonal corallites communicating with each other

by means of mural pores. Septa in the form of longitudinal lamellæ,

twelve in number. Tabulæ simple.

This genus resembles _Favosites_ in having numerous pores in the walls

of the corallites, but differs from it in the possession of lamellar

septa somewhat similar to those of _Columnaria_, _Nyctopora_ and

_Lyopora_. From these three genera, however, _Boreaster_ differs in

having 12 septa only, of two alternating sizes, to a corallite.

_Columnaria_ and _Lyopora_ are without mural pores. _Nyctopora_ was

described by Nicholson as having pores, but in well preserved specimens

from the type locality, examined by the writer, mural pores were not

seen; it possesses 16 septa of two orders. _Boreaster_ and _Calapœcia_

resemble each other in both having pores, but in the latter genus the

corallites are not intimately united under any circumstances, and the

septa are in the form of spine-bearing ridges.

This interesting coral may be conveniently grouped, with the

_Favositidæ_, as its generic affinities appear to place it close to

_Calapœcia_.

_Boreaster lowi._ Sp. nov.

Corallum growing in irregularly shaped masses with an unevenly

undulating surface; composed of small, polygonal corallites so closely

united that all trace of the line of contact between contiguous walls is

apparently lost. Corallites opening at right angles to the surface,

averaging about 75 mm. in diameter and generally five or six sided, as

seen in transverse section, the sides of the polygons being distinctly

unequal. Walls of corallites thin but less so where they bound the

calyces. Septa lamallar, apparently 12 in number, of two sizes, primary

and secondary, alternating, the former stout and relatively large, the

latter rudimentary and observed with difficulty, especially in the

calyces where the six primary septa are paramountly evident, are

slightly exsert and apparently connect with the nearest and

corresponding ones of contiguous corallites. Pores relatively large,

oval, their greater diameter vertical, in a single longitudinal row

between each pair of primary septa so as to interrupt the continuity of

the secondary septa which are greatly reduced and in transverse sections

are only observed in places. Tabulæ not numerous, in the form of simple,

flat transverse diaphragms.

[Illustration: X20]

The two type specimens have a maximum length of 50 and 70 mm. with a

thickness or height of 25 and 30 mm. respectively.

_Favosites gothlandica_, Lamarck.