[1] Compare G. Meerman, Admonitio de Chartæ nostralis origine. Vad.
Letteroef. 1762. P. 630.
J. H. de Stoppelaar, Paper in the Netherlands. Middelburg, 1869. P. 4.
[2] Min-erva was called Nyhellenia because her counsels were ny and
hel, that is, new and clear. In Paul's epitome of S. Pomponius Festus,
de verborum Significatione, we find "Min-erva dicta quod bene moneat."
See Preller, Roman Mythology, p. 258.
[3] Felt, very thin and compressed, with a smooth surface.
[4] 3449 - 1256 is 2193 before Christ.
[5] Magy, King of the Magyars or Finns.
[6] Nêsa, contraction for ne wêsa, nilde for ne wilde, nête for
ne wête.
[7] Oni, in Old Dutch, is one; in German, ohne.
[8] Mong, among, or emong, is, in Dutch, onder; in English, among.
[9] Falikant, or fâ likande, is very improbable or unlikely.
[10] Wr-alda, always written as a compound word, meaning the Old
Ancient, or the Oldest Being.
[11] Od, the root of the Latin odi, I hate.
[12] Nylof; the colour of new foliage, bright green.
[13] The market dues were paid in kind.
[14] Stjurar, from this is derived the word Sturii in Pliny.
[15] Prentar, still used in Texel to designate a pilot's apprentice.
[16] Minno, Minos (the Ancient).
[17] Nyhellenia or Nehalennia.
[18] Krekaland, the Krekenland means Magna Grecia as well as Greece.
[19] Fâsta is Vesta, or the Vestal Virgins.
[20] Stjurar, in Latin Sturii.
[21] Sêkåmpar, in Latin Sicambri.
[22] Angelara, in Latin Angli.
[23] Mârsata, in Latin Marsacii.
[24] Aldland, in Latin Atlantis.
[25] Skênland or Scandinavia.
[26] 2193-101 is 2092 before Christ.
[27] Goda-hisburch is Gothenburg.
[28] Alderga is Ouddorp, near Alkmaar.
[29] Lumkamâkja bithêre Emuda is Embden.
[30] Amering, still in use in North Holland to signify a breath or
a twinkling of an eye.
[31] Kâtsgat is the Kattegat.
[32] Wodin is Odin or Wodan.
[33] Kâdik is Cadiz.
[34] 2193 - 193 is 2000 years before Christ.
[35] Thyrhisburch is Tyre.
[36] Thyr is the son of Odin.
[37] Almanaland is Ameland.
[38] Wyringgâ is Wieringen.
[39] Missellja is Marseilles.
[40] Gola are the Galli or Gaula.
[41] Walhallagara is Middelburg, in Walcheren.
[42] 2193-563 is 1630 years before Christ.
[43] Myk is a word still used in Walcheren.
[44] Kâlta Min-his, Minnesdaughter.
[45] Sêjene is the Seine.
[46] Kåltana are the Celts.
[47] Jonhis êlanda--John's Islands, or the Pirates' Isles.
[48] Athenia is Athens.
[49] Here follows the narrative contained in pages from 48 to 56.
[50] Sêkrops is Cecrops.
[51] Strête, at present restored as the Suez Canal. Pangab is the
Indus.
[52] 2193 - 1005 is 1188 before Christ.
[53] Walhallagara is Walcheren.
[54] Kalip, called by Homer Kalipso.
[55] Dêna marka, the low marches.
[56] 2193 - 1602 is 591 years before Christ.
[57] Refer to p. 4.
[58] Medemi lacus, Lake of Medea's laughter.
[59] Grênegâ is Groningen.
[60] Dokhem is Dokkum.
[61] Lindasburch, on Cape Lindanaes, Norway.
[62] Gürbam. C. Niebuhr, Travels, vol. i. p. 174. The bagpipe is
called by the Egyptians Sumâra el Kürbe.
[63] To hnekka, a high petticoat reaching up to the neck.
[64] Cf. Hegel a. h. l.
[65] Lions in Europe, see Herodotus, vii. 125.
[66] Swetsar are Swiss.
[67] Fryasburch is Freiburg.
[68] Lydasburch is Leyden, the city.
[69] Flyt, jeftha mâre, is a lake or sea.
[70] Forana is Vroonen.
[71] Engamuda is Egmond.
[72] Diodorus Siculus, v. 27, on the Gauls.
[73] Mannagârdaforda is Munster.
[74] 2193 - 1888 is 305 before Christ.
[75] Since 587 before Christ. See pages 110 and 112.
[76] 303 before Christ.
[77] Barnpila, De falarica, Livy, xxi. 8.
[78] Alexander at the Indus, 327 before Christ. 327 + 1224 is 1551
before Christ.
[79] 305 before Christ.
[80] Joi en trâst. At Scheveningen you still hear "Joei en troos." Joi
is the French joye.
[81] 2193 - 1600 is 593 years before Christ.
[82] Kasamyr is Kashmere.
[83] Jes-us--not to be confounded with Jesus any more than Krisen
(Krishna) with Christ.
[84] Balda jefta kvade sê is the Baltic. Juttarland is Jutland.
[85] Zeeland is the Danish Islands.
[86] See page 124.
[87] Phonisjar are Punics or Carthaginians.
[88] See page 11.
[89] 263 before Christ.
[90] Hamconius, page 8. Suobinna.
[91] See page 150.
[92] Delta, still in use in North Holland for swampy land.
[93] Aken, Aken.
[94] Diodorus Siculus, V. 28.
[95] Here the copyist, Hiddo oera Linda, has turned over a leaf too
much, and has thus omitted two pages.
[96] See page 164.
[97] Here there are wanting in the manuscript twenty pages (perhaps
more), in which Beeden has written about the King, Adel the Third,
called Ubbo by the writers of our chronicles.
[98] Here the writing of Beeden ends. In the manuscript two successive
pages are missing according to the paging, but no doubt there are more
wanting. The abrupt opening of what follows shows that the beginning
of the following writing has been lost, and, in consequence, also
the notification of the name of the writer, who may have been a son
or a grandson of Beeden.
[99] Phonsiar are Carthaginians.
[100] Hals is Holstein.