Sibijaan's sportiveness almost costs his life--How Tuys became the
friend of Buno--Labotsibeni endorsed as regent of Swaziland--Umzulek
plots to seize the throne--The Boers invade Swaziland--Tuys dictates
peace between the queens--Umzulek gets his lesson.
The midday siesta period was about over and the kraals were beginning
to show signs of life again. The native women were going about their
domestic duties and the men, as usual, were resting in the shade and
furbishing their weapons. Our activity in breaking camp did not
attract much attention, except on the part of the usual number of
small boys, and before long we were on the trail to the Valley of
Heaven. We only traveled about half as fast as we had come in and were
constantly being held up by crowds going in the same direction.
Thousands upon thousands had come to see the sacrifice of the ten
indunas and were now returning to their homes.
Sibijaan nearly got us into a pretty row shortly before we struck the
valley. He was driving the wagon with its four mules, and began to get
impatient over the crowded roadway. He got careless with his sjambok
and flicked a tall Swazi warrior on a naked but important part of his
anatomy. Now the sjambok cuts like a knife, and the savage gave a
tremendous jump. In fact, he seemed to me to jump twice--once straight
up in the air and the second time toward the wagon, brandishing his
assegai and shouting.
Sibijaan dived into the wagon under the cover, and the enraged induna
dashed round to the rear of the vehicle in the hope that its driver
was trying to escape that way. Then ensued a sort of merry-go-round,
the induna dashing madly from front to back of the wagon and Sibijaan
trying to keep one guess ahead of him. Both were yelling, and Tuys and
I hurried to stop the trouble. However, we were too late! The induna
suddenly stopped at the side of the wagon where he could watch the
front, his spear poised for murder. He was the cat watching the
rat-hole, the hunter awaiting his prey.
Tuys snatched his revolver from its holster and was just aiming at the
savage when we saw the flap of the wagon-cover lifted just a little
and a thin arm come out. In the hand was a short knob-kerrie, and it
caught the irate chief on the back of the head with one fell sweep.
Down he came with a crash, his shield thudding as it hit the ground.
A second later Sibijaan hopped out of the wagon, knife in hand,
evidently intending to finish the job. Tuys reached down from his
horse and swung the little beggar up before him, where he gave him a
good spanking. That was the end of the incident, since the induna
found himself looking into the business end of Tuys's revolver when he
woke up from his trance.
Late that evening we camped in the Valley of Heaven. We passed several
kraals in our leisurely progress and talked with some of the indunas.
None of them seemed very sorry that Buno was gone, but there was a
general expression of anxiety concerning the next ruler. Most of them
thought that Labotsibeni should get the job, but not a few favored
Umzulek--in fact, there seemed to be quite a strong Umzulek sentiment.
During our next day's trek I asked Oom Tuys how it happened that he
and Buno were such good friends. Tuys explained that he had originally
befriended Buno and the Swazis because the Boers wanted the Swazis as
a sort of bulwark against the British. On several occasions Tuys had
been able to save land for Buno when certain of the English had tried
to get it away from him, and this had made the savage his good friend
for life. Incidentally, it helped the Boer cause.
"The one great thing I did for Buno," Tuys went on, "was about two
years ago when Oom Paul decided to discipline him. One of my bodyguard
had talked too much in Pretoria and the President had learned about
the bloody atrocities Buno was committing. It seems the story that
really outraged Oom Paul's feelings was one about Buno having some
young girls cut open.
"Oom Paul sent for me and asked me about this. Naturally, I knew
nothing about it. How could I? If I'd seen it, it was my duty to
report it, wasn't it? If I hadn't seen it, how could I know anything
about it? Of course I couldn't tell Oom Paul that Buno and I had an
important business deal on at that time, could I?
"Somehow or other I don't think Oom Paul believed me. He sent word to
Buno that he must behave and stop killing people, and Buno sent word
back that Paul had better mind his own business, or words to that
general effect. The fool thought that I would protect him and that he
could get cheeky with Oom Paul!
"Well, the old man had had enough of Buno's nonsense and he sent a
command of about five thousand men into Swaziland to smash him.
Instead of leaving me out of it, our cunning President sent me along
as second-in-command. I was the guide and all that sort of thing, and
had to practically assure Buno's getting jolly well licked, if not
killed. After some days we got to within twenty miles of Lebombo and
planned to attack the royal kraal at dawn next morning.
"I did not like the idea of Buno being captured, because I knew that
would be the end of him. Oom Paul was not in the mood to stand further
nonsense. That night I was in command of the sentries, and shortly
after dark I placed my sergeant in charge and sneaked off to the kraal
of a chief who lived near where we were camped. He knew me, and from
him I got a good horse. Then I rode like the devil to Lebombo and
warned Buno what was going to happen.
"I got back to our camp just as the commando was saddling up to move
to the attack. We rode hard and reached the kraal about four
o'clock--to find the entire place empty. There wasn't a single Swazi
there! The king and all his warriors had flown. So we were ordered to
pursue him, and I led the way. Later I learned that we had gone in
exactly the wrong direction, so Buno escaped.
"Oom Paul decided that Buno had learned his lesson and would behave
thereafter, since he had been shown that the Boers would come and get
him if he did not. However, Buno felt that I would always pull him out
of any hole he might get into, so the lesson was lost on him. One
thing Oom Paul did accomplish, however, and that was to make Buno
realize what a good friend I was!"
My mother was very glad to see us when we reached Rietvlei. Father had
returned, and he spoke sharply to Tuys for taking me with him on so
dangerous a trip. Tuys told him that he had Buno's word for our
safety, but that did not much impress my father.
"The word of a kaffir is good so long as he remembers," he said, "but
you know that the best of them are children, and children forget. It
was lucky you came out as soon as you did. From what you have told me
and from what I've heard conditions are likely to be bad in Swaziland
until the government selects a ruler."
Tuys and he then began discussing what should be done about this.
Father, I found, knew all about the politics of Swaziland, and he
agreed with Tuys that the old queen was the right person to rule until
a king was set up. Their talk ended with my father writing a letter
for Tuys to take to Oom Paul. He recommended that Labotsibeni be
recognized as regent for the time being, or until Queen Tzaneen's
child was born. If the child was a boy, he would be the next king of
Swaziland; if a girl, arrangements would have to be made for one of
Buno's brothers to take the throne.
Buno had a number of brothers, among whom were Lomwazi, Umzulek,
Debeseembie, and one other whose name I have forgotten but who was
known as a drunkard and a generally disreputable character.
Oom Tuys left next morning to report conditions to Oom Paul, and we
heard nothing for several months. Finally, on the new moon, about
three months later, messengers came to Rietvlei from Queen
Labotsibeni. Tuys was with us, having arrived several days before.
After the usual salutes and other ceremonial the head induna spoke:
"Nkoos, the queen mother sends to you in her trouble. Her son, the
late King Buno, gave you guardianship over Swaziland and Queen
Labotsibeni wants your counsel. Even now Queen Tzaneen, the royal
widow, gives birth. We do not yet know whether it will be a man-child
or not. Umzulek plots to take the throne by force and is mustering his
impis. Thousands are flocking to his support and the impis of the
queens are gathering at Zombode. If you do not come quickly, there
will be war in our country. Queen Labotsibeni prays that you come and
prevent war."
This was the situation that father and Tuys had feared. Tuys had his
orders from Oom Paul and knew what he was to do. He told the induna
what to expect.
"Tell your queen," he said, "that I am coming within three days with a
great army of white men. Tell her that I shall see that the throne is
preserved to the dynasty and that none except the one to whom it
rightfully belongs shall become king of Swaziland."
With this message the induna withdrew, and we saw him and his men
leaving at top speed to carry these words of cheer to Labotsibeni.
Then came a hurried mobilization of all the fighting Boers within a
day's ride of Rietvlei. Word was sent far and wide over the veldt--to
the outlying farms, to the small towns, to Belfast, and to every place
where men might be found.
Within three days the Valley of Reeds became an armed camp. There were
more than a thousand well armed, hard-riding Boers waiting for the
word to trek into Swaziland. These people of ours were a hardy lot.
There were men of sixty and even seventy years, and mixed in with them
were their sons and grandsons, many of the latter being boys of
sixteen and seventeen. All, however, were well armed and serious. They
were on a serious business and stood ready to die in the service of
their great leader, Oom Paul.
At dawn on the fourth day we started. From the very beginning it was a
hard ride. The burghers rode in what was practically military
formation, two by two, with Tuys leading. I went along as his aide and
rode as close to him as the trails would permit. I have often thought
of that trek. The feeling between Boers and British was getting more
bitter every day, and these Boer farmers were really taking a training
march for the dark days that were to come so soon. It was a heartening
sight to look back on our cavalcade and see the great hats bobbing up
and down, the lean, wiry ponies, the ready rifles, and the grim faces,
most of them bearded.
We took no natives with us. Our food was biltong and rusks, and each
man carried enough to last him for two weeks. Every Boer took care of
his own horse and did everything for himself. It was felt that there
might be trouble, and Tuys never trusted the kaffirs in a tight place.
During the morning of the second day's trek, not long after we had
passed the Vaal River, we were met by several indunas and a small
impi. They stood in the middle of the roadway making peace signs, and
Tuys brought our little army to a halt. Then he and I rode forward and
waited.
The chief induna came to meet us. I recognized him as one of those
whom I had seen in Queen Tzaneen's train and knew that he came from her.
"Nkoos, Queen Tzaneen sent me to you," he said to Tuys, with all
humility. "Yesterday she gave birth to a prince, the rightful heir to
the throne! She sends you the message that she is afraid that Umzulek
will kill her son. Even now she is afraid to leave Lebombo. Also,
Queen Tzaneen asks that you protect her from Queen Labotsibeni and
prevent the queen mother from seizing the throne."
Tuys listened to his message and then asked what was really going on
in Swaziland. The induna told him that Umzulek had gathered his impis
together and it was rumored that he would take the throne by force.
Queen Labotsibeni had gathered all her warriors, and it was understood
that she would fight to keep Umzulek from becoming ruler. Queen
Tzaneen, on her side, had mustered all the men who remained faithful
to the memory of King Buno, and it was said that she would take the
throne if she could muster enough force to do it. Taking it all in
all, the stage was set for a bloody civil strife in Swaziland.
"It looks as though we had work ahead," Tuys said to me in Dutch,
after the induna had related these events. "Well, we have our job to
do and the sooner we get it over the better."
Then he turned to the induna.
"Tell your queen that we have heard the story and will take care of
her," he directed him. Tuys then gave the word to continue our march.
Unlike all other armies, our little force was truly democratic and
every man was entitled to know what out task was to be. Tuys sent for
several of the leaders, men who headed the commandos of their
districts, and told them about the political situation in Swaziland.
"Oom Paul's orders are that we must secure the throne for the rightful
heir," he said. "Labotsibeni must be appointed regent until the new
prince comes of age, and it is our job to pacify the people and
prevent war. If, however, war there must be, we shall strike first and
strike hard! We must remember that death is the only argument that a
kaffir understands and must make a clean job of it."
I understood what a "clean job" meant--that every native, chief or
plain warrior, who did not like the conditions Tuys laid down was to
be killed. It began to look as though we should have some hard
fighting and our devoted band of about a thousand would find
themselves pitted against great odds.
We pushed our horses to their limit and made splendid time. The Boer
pony or veldt-bred horse is almost tireless, and our mounts were
extended to the utmost. The result was that we reached Zombode early
next morning.
When we came in sight of the kraals our cavalry was deployed in a
double rank about five hundred horses wide. We trotted to the kraals
in this formation, every man with his rifle on his hip, ready for
anything. When we had halted, Tuys acknowledged the indunas that had
come out to meet him. There was no formality about Tuys this time. He
represented the Boer Government and was there as conqueror to lay down
the law. The indunas noted the difference, and I could see the sullen
glint in their eyes as they took their orders from him.
"Tell Queen Labotsibeni that I am here," Tuys directed. "I shall wait
for her only a short time and she had better come as quickly as she
can."
Without a word the indunas hastened into the royal kraal, while we
loosened up a bit and let our horses breathe. The Boer knows how to
take care of his mount, and here and there could be seen men arranging
their girths and making their ponies more comfortable.
In the very shortest time Queen Labotsibeni came out of her kraal,
attended by Lomwazi, her indunas, and a number of warriors. The second
they came in sight every man of our force was back again in his
saddle, his rifle at the ready. The old queen walked slowly and
seemingly with difficulty. She was very tall and quite fat, but
carried herself with pride. As always, she was scrupulously clean, her
black face shining in the early morning sun.
Labotsibeni came to a halt about twenty feet in front of Tuys and me,
and her bodyguard ranged themselves on either side of her. They were
picked men and as fine figures of savages as was their old queen. Tuys
let her wait for a moment and then got off his horse, motioning to me
to join him. We stepped forward, and this time Tuys did not shake
hands when greeting her.
"Nkosikaas, I have heard what is going on in Swaziland," he said,
simply but very severely, "and I have come with my army to see that
justice is done. I come from Oom Paul, our great king, and he has
authorized me to do as I see fit.
"My order to you is that to-morrow you meet me at the little river
which lies between Zombode and Lebombo. You will be there as soon as
the sun shines on the water. There will be a conference and the peace
of Swaziland will be assured. I have spoken!"
Labotsibeni was a proud old woman and did not seem to like to have to
take orders in this fashion. She looked at Tuys for a moment in a very
indignant way, but dropped her eyes when they met his. She started to
speak, and I could see that she had a lot to say, too. Tuys's glance
cowed her, however, and after a moment of ground-searching her eyes
ran up and down the ranks of our determined army.
A moment later she gave in.
"Nkoos, I shall be there," she said, quite humbly. Then she gave a
sign to her indunas and warriors, and all together they gave Tuys the
royal salute. This ended the interview. Without another word Tuys
shouted the command for us to march, and we started for Lebombo.
Our only stop was to water the horses at the little river Tuys had
mentioned, and then we pressed on to Lebombo, arriving at the kraals
in the same formation as before. Evidently the word had gone ahead
that we were coming, for three full impis, or about three thousand
warriors, were lined up waiting for us.
As soon as we came close they gave us the salute, showing that they
were not arrayed for hostile purposes. Had they been, they would have
stood a poor chance, for our little army would have wiped them out in
short order. As before, a number of indunas came out to meet us and
Tuys repeated his program.
"I am the law and this is my order," he said. "Tell Queen Tzaneen I am
here and wait for her to come to me."
There was no hesitation on the part of the indunas. The natives have
an extraordinary method of getting word to one another, and they knew
that Tuys came on a far different mission than usual. The indunas
bowed their heads submissively, and a short time after accompanied
Tzaneen to our presence.
However, she was inclined to be a little haughty and carried herself
proudly. Tuys hardly looked at her. She, like Labotsibeni, was a
finely-built savage, but not so fat as the old queen. Her hair had
grown out to quite a length, showing that Buno had been dead for some
months.
Tuys gave her the same orders as he had given Labotsibeni, and she
agreed to meet him at the river. Then Tuys asked for Umzulek.
"Umzulek is at his kraal half a day's trek from here," she informed
him. "He has gathered his impis there and threatens to make war unless
he is made king. Also, word has come that he will kill my child, the
infant Prince Sebuza, so that none shall stand in his way."
"Your son, Nkosikaas, widow of Buno, shall be safe," Tuys assured her.
"You will send a messenger to Umzulek bidding him to attend our
conference at the little river. That is my order!"
And so Tuys arranged the conference at which the future peace of
Swaziland was to be secured. We rode easily back to the little stream
and there made our camp. It was the middle of the day when we
unsaddled and, except for those on guard, we all went to sleep.
Late that afternoon Tuys called a council of the commando leaders and
prepared for next morning. That night we doubled our guards and I
stood watch for several hours. It was the first time I had ever done
this and it was a wonderful experience. The bright moon picked out
every object on the little plateau and the stream seemed to be a
streak of rippling silver. Our camp was on a small kopje, or hill,
with the river at its base, and with the first streaks of dawn we
awoke our men.
It was none too soon. By the time it was fully light we could see
thousands of warriors coming from either direction. These were the
impis of the two queens. Our men, mounted and ready, formed a double
line around the top of the hill and waited. The impis came closer and
stopped on either side of the stream. They were only about a hundred
yards apart, and the thought came to me that here was the setting for
a fine battle. This, however, it was our duty to prevent.
Soon Tuys sent me, with a bodyguard, to give his orders to the indunas
who stood resting on their shields in front of each army. These orders
were simple. I told them that their queen was to come to the
conference immediately and that each should bring only her bodyguard
with her. In a short time Tzaneen and Labotsibeni arrived and were
seated facing Tuys and a number of the commando leaders.
There was no formality about the business whatever. The first question
Tuys asked was as to the whereabouts of Umzulek.
"He sent my messengers back in haste," Tzaneen reported, "to say that
he was very sick and could not come. When my induna said to him that
it was an order, he threatened to kill him, and so he came back
without further delay."
I could see that this annoyed Tuys. He ran his hand through his beard
in an aggravated fashion and then spoke:
"Umzulek lies," he said decisively, "but he also prophesies! He will
be very sick. Perhaps he will be so sick that he will die, if I go to
see him. He will find that I am a bad witch-doctor and will know that
it is not good to refuse an order!"
Then Tuys delivered his ultimatum, and it was the arrangement by which
peace was preserved in Swaziland for nearly a score of years. It was a
striking scene. Each of the queens sat in front of her bodyguard,
while behind Tuys stood the keen-eyed Boer leaders. Except for their
plumes and colored trappings, the armies of the two queens almost
blended into the barren brown veldt. Over all was the crystal-clear
sky of South Africa, with the bright sun throwing clean-cut shadows.
The rocky hills that surrounded the little plateau seemed to form the
irregular walls of an amphitheater, with our council hill in the center.
Tuys first addressed Queen Tzaneen.
"Nkosikaas, your son, the Prince Sebuza," he said, "is the son of
Buno, the grandson of Umbandine and the lineal descendant of
Ama-Swazi. Sebuza is the rightful heir to the throne and shall be king
of Swaziland."
Tzaneen threw her head back and glanced triumphantly at the old queen,
who was watching Tuys with deep concern.
"And you, Queen Labotsibeni, mother of Buno and grandmother of the
infant Prince Sebuza," Tuys said, turning to her, "shall govern as
queen regent until Sebuza is a man and fit to become king."
Labotsibeni straightened up and a smile lighted up her hard, old face.
However, I noticed that she did not even look at Tzaneen.
"Those are the orders of him who Buno made guardian of Swaziland,"
Tuys said, talking to both, "and Oom Paul, the great induna of the
Boers, has placed thousands of white warriors at his command to see
that these orders are obeyed."
Tuys then asked each queen if she would obey, and both promised they
would. He told them that he would come with a great army and take
their country away from them if he heard that they had broken their
promises in the slightest degree. This was the end of the conference.
In this way the Boer Government recognized Labotsibeni as the regent
of Swaziland until the proper time for Sebuza to become king and thus
showed the way for a peace which lasted nearly twenty years. Shortly
afterward the British also agreed to this arrangement, and it is said
that they did so after talking the matter over with Oom Paul and Tuys.
However, this was not the end of our job. Umzulek had to be reckoned
with. If he was not taught his lesson, it was quite likely that he
would continue making trouble and sooner or later bring on a civil
war. When the two queens had gone, Tuys called into conference the
commando leaders and arranged a plan for Umzulek's benefit.
Because he knew that some of Umzulek's men were undoubtedly watching
us, we made a feint of starting for home late that afternoon. We
camped in the Valley of Heaven, as though intending to return to
Rietvlei. The kaffirs at the kraal near which we camped were told that
we expected to reach the Valley of Reeds in about three days, and they
undoubtedly passed the information on to Umzulek's scouts.
Not long after midnight we were in the saddle and on our way to
Umzulek's kraal. Tuys knows Swaziland as well as he knows the
Transvaal, and we went by a route that did not take us near either
Zombode or Lebombo.
When Umzulek's warriors came out of their kraals at Stegla shortly
after dawn they rubbed their eyes in amazement to see us drawn up in
battle array on two sides of their village. Our men were so posted
that they could rake the kraals with rifle fire and not one kaffir
would be able to escape.
There was great activity in the kraals when Umzulek's men found out
what had happened. In a little while several made attempts to get away
in the direction of the hills, sneaking out from the unguarded sides
of the kraals. They did not get far. Burghers on fleet ponies turned
them back, and there were no further attempts to escape.
Tuys knows how to handle natives. He knows that they are more
terrified when they do not know what is going to happen than they are
of an actual calamity. For that reason he made no move to declare
himself. All that Umzulek's warriors knew was that they were
surrounded by a band of determined white horsemen with rifles ready
for action. I saw hundreds watching us with apprehension, and there
was almost a panic in the village.
Finally some indunas came forward, waving their shields and making all
sorts of peaceful overtures. Tuys was rough with them. He commanded
that Umzulek be brought before him without delay and said that his men
would open fire within a few minutes if he did not come. The indunas
fled into the main kraal with the orders, and Umzulek came out with
almost unseemly haste.
He was a masterful-looking savage. Much like Buno in the face, he was
not so tall, but seemed stouter. His body was huge, his legs massive,
and his fine head and bulging forehead showed the cunning and brains
for which he was noted. Except for a short assegai, Umzulek was
unarmed and wore nothing, not even a loin-cloth or plumes.
He came directly to Tuys and threw up his hands in salute. There was
nothing cringing about him, in spite of the fact that he was trapped.
"Nkoos, you have sent for me?" he asked, his voice sonorous and heavy.
I noticed that he looked into Tuys's eyes without flinching. He was
not even nervous.
"I sent for you yesterday," Tuys answered slowly and severely, "and
you sent back the foolish word that you were sick. You disobeyed my
orders. For that your life is forfeited! Shall I give the word that
means death, or will you listen and obey the order I now give?"
Umzulek showed no fear. He met Tuys's eyes without a tremor.
"Nkoos, white brother of my brother, Buno," he replied after a moment,
"do your will! I am not afraid of death. If I live, however, I shall
obey your orders."
Tuys then became very angry and talked to Umzulek as roughly as he
could. In spite of this, the savage chief never lowered his eyes,
although he promised obedience. Tuys ended by telling him what he must
do to avoid trouble in the future. Previously he had informed him of
the arrangement by which Swaziland was to be governed.
"You will remain here at your kraal from now on," Tuys told him, "and
shall never go to Lebombo or Zombode without my permission. You must
not concern yourself with the government of your country and must keep
peace here in your own district. If I hear that you have broken your
promise in the slightest degree, I shall come with a great army and
kill you and all your people!"
Umzulek admitted that he understood this plain speaking, and the
interview ended with his curt dismissal. Even then, beaten as he was,
he returned to his kraal with his head up and dignity unruffled. I had
a feeling that he would keep his word, and he did until years later,
when Tuys sent for him to assist in saving the throne for Sebuza, who,
by the way, was his nephew.
The return trip to Rietvlei was made by easy stages. Our horses were
pretty tired and they were allowed to rest as much as possible. There
was a general feeling of relief among the burghers, although some of
the younger ones did not hesitate to regret that there had been no
fighting. They expressed the opinion that it would have taught the
Swazis a lesson they would long remember if an impi or two had been
wiped out. Tuys made one significant remark to me as we came in sight
of Rietvlei.
"With Labotsibeni on the throne for the next twenty years," he said,
"I'm afraid that the tribute will cease. Oom Paul will save two
thousand pounds a month and I expect that I won't make so many visits
to Lebombo. Labotsibeni must behave herself, and it looks to me as
though I won't have so much business in Swaziland as I have had."
He was thinking of the wrestling matches with Buno and mentally
regretting the fact that his big pockets would no longer bulge with
gold. However, Tuys had done rather well; public report had it that
these tussles gave him the start toward his fortune.