YALE STUDIES IN ENGLISH

Produced by Louise Hope, David Starner and the Online

Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net

[Transcriber’s Note:

This e-text includes characters that will only display in UTF-8

(Unicode) text readers:

œ (“oe” ligature)

ā ē ī ō ū ȳ ǣ (vowels with macron or “long” mark)

ǽ (æ with accent)

ȝ (yogh)

þ̷ þ̸ (thorn with line, typically abbreviating “that”)

Most of these letters are rare and occur only in the quotations from

Old English. If any of them do not display properly--in particular,

if the diacritic does not appear directly above the letter--or if the

apostrophes and quotation marks in this paragraph appear as garbage,

make sure your text reader’s “character set” or “file encoding” is set

to Unicode (UTF-8). You may also need to change the default font.

Book sizes such as 8^o (printed with superscript “o”) have been changed

to 4to, 8vo, 12mo.

In a few selections, italics were used to indicate missing words or

letters. These have been shown with {braces}. Elsewhere, italics are

shown conventionally with _lines_. Asterisks before book titles are in

the original.

Internal cross-references are almost always expressed as “see supra” or

“see infra” with page number. In an e-text this may be interpreted as

“scroll up” and “scroll down”, respectively. When a footnote does not

include a translator’s name, it has been added in [[double brackets]].

The Tinker translation (final chapter in the main text) is the author’s

own.]

YALE STUDIES IN ENGLISH

The Translations of Beowulf: A Critical Bibliography · 第 1 / 145 题