goldenem Kern, mit heller Stimme~.
5. ~+scheint+~ (seems, appears), _looks as if_.
6. ~+die Jipi+~, cf. page 9, note 1.
7. ~+vor+~ (of time) = ?
8. ~+als die Wölfe die Herden hüteten und Adler und Tauben bei einander
nisteten+~, _i.e._ in the golden age when everything was as in Paradise.
9. ~+es+~ (indef.), _things, affairs, life_.
10. ~+die+~ (emphat.) = ~die, welche~ (correlat. pron.), _she_ (the
one), _who . . ._
11. ~+der Goldfaden+~ (gold thread) or pl. ~Goldfäden~, _i.e._ the
Roumanian bridal veil interwoven with spun-gold; cf. page 10, note 10.
12. ~+spänne+~ (past subj.). Why? Cf. page 20, note 2.
13. ~+bei+~, _by, near, at, at the house of, in, with, among_. Here = ?
14. ~+welches+~ (neuter), on account of grammatical gender of
~Bergmännlein~.
+Page 25.+--1. ~das letzte Körnchen +Goldes+~ (the genit. after a simple
noun of measure, is obsolete and poetical), for the more common
~Körnchen +Gold+~.
2. ~+Bába+~ (cf. page 24, note 2). ~+Cóaja+~ (two syllabic, pronounce oa
= ô, and j as in German), Roumanian, related to Lat. "cortex" and Eng.
"cork."
3. ~+Alba+~ (from Lat: +albus, a, um+, "white").
4. ~+es+~ (introductory and grammatical subject). Logical subject? Cf.
page 16, note 5.
+Page 26.+--1. ~+da´mit+~ (emphat.) = ~+hier+mit; mit +diesen+ Worten~.
2. ~+werde+~. Why the subjunctive? Cf. page 2, note 7.
3. ~+wie sehr+ (wie sehr . . . auch)~, _no matter how much, however
much_.
4. ~+Alba+~, here: dative case.
5. ~+wie gern wäre sie+~. Comp. ~er hätte gern~ (page 12, note 3), and
~sie hätte am liebsten~ (page 14, note 1).
6. ~+es wird mir traurig ums Herz+~ (idiomat. impers. phrase), _I_
(begin to) _feel gloomy_ (heavy, depressed, melancholy), _I am heavy at
heart_.
+Page 27.+--1. ~+darü´ber+~ (+over it+) idiomatic. anticipating the
contents of the following sentence, remains untranslated. Comp. ~darauf~
(page 6, note 3).
2. ~+spinne+~. Why the subjunctive? Cf. page 3, note 2. Direct question?
3. ~+er hatte gar keinen Bart+~, he was young and smooth-faced, thus
strikingly contrasting to the old gnomes with their long gray beards.
4. ~+der+~ (emphat.) = ~jener~, _that man, that fellow_.
5. ~+die im Thale+~ (elliptic.), for ~die Leute, die im Thale wohnen~,
_those in the valley_.
6. ~+du thust+~ (pres. tense). Explain the idiom! Cf. page 13, note 1.
7. ~+so wie so+~ (colloq. phrase), _anyway, at all events_.
8. ~+so+~ (= ~so faul~ or ~so müßig~) ~+dasitzen+~ (colloq. phrase), _to
idle away one's time_.
+Page 28.+--1. ~+de´nen+~ (emphat.), for demonstrat. pronoun (~diesen~,
_these_) or pers. pronoun (~ihnen~, _them_). How seen that it is not
relative?
2. ~+darü´ber+~, remains untranslated. Why? Cf. page 27, note 1.
3. ~+sich sehen lassen+~ (reflexive phrase with passive sense), _to be
seen_. Comp. ~er ließ +sich+ nicht trösten~ (page 9, note 10).
4. ~+wie sehr+ . . . +auch+~ = ? Cf. page 26, note 3.
5. ~+Porfi´rie+~ (three syllabic), proper name, from Græco-Latin:
+{Porphyrios}+; +Porphyrius+ (= "Purple Bearer"), _Porphyry_.
6. ~+nicht+ gewohnt, etwas +nicht+ zu können~ (two negatives with the
force of an emphatic affirmation), = ~gewohnt, +alles und jedes+ zu
können~, _wont_ (bent, accustomed) _to carry out all his plans_
(or _designs_).
+Page 29.+--1. ~+einem Drachen+~ (privative sense of the dative, mostly
after verbs compound with the prefix ~ent-~) ~+entreißen+~, _to snatch
from a dragon_.
2. ~+damit´+~ (+therewith+, +with it+) remains untranslated. Why? Comp.
~+darü´ber+~ (page 27, note 1).
3. ~+den ganzen Morgen+~, accusative expressing duration of time: _how
long?_
4. ~+die Alpenrose+~ (also called ~Almenrausch~ or ~Alpenfeuer~),
"RHODODENDRON HIRSUTUM" of the botanists, one of the prettiest and most
highly priced alpine flowers, related to our Purple Azalea or
Pinxter-Flower.
5. ~+kam+~ (+came+). Note the rhetorical figure of "personification,"
which consists in representing inanimate objects as if endowed with life
and action, an idiom occasionally employed as a substitute for the
passive voice which is less used in German than in English; trans. _was
put_ or _placed_.
6. ~+schlecht sehen+~, here: _to have weak eyes, to be short_
(or _near-_) _sighted_.
7. ~+dem+~, with emphasis. Why?
8. ~+sollte+~ (+should+), _was to_; _was_ (_said_ or) _threatened
to . . ._
+Page 30.+--1. ~+die Haare+~ (idiomat. pl.), _hair_; comp. ~die Lüfte~,
air.
2. ~+sich+ fangen~ (reflexive for passive, as often), _to be caught_.
3. ~+als+~, here = ~als wenn~; cf. page 1, note 5.
4. ~+Einen mit großen Augen anschauen+~, a phrase expressing surprise
and astonishment.
5. ~+unter+~ = +under+ (place); _among_ (number?) = Here = ?
6. ~+ja+~ (adverbial idiom) = ? Cf. page 12, note 8. See also page 31,
line 1 (of the text) and state which of the two words ~ja~ found there,
is affirmative particle (= _yes_) and which adverbial idiom (= _why!_ or
_you know_).
+Page 31.+--1. ~gern~ (positive), "gladly," "willingly"; ~lieber~
(comparative), "rather," "better"; ~am liebsten~ (superlative), "best of
all"; ~+ich möchte lieber+~, _I should_ (rather wish) _prefer_.
2. ~+streicheln sogar+~ (elliptic. ~»darfst du es«~ being implied).
3. ~+heißen+~ = 1) to call _or_ to name; 2) to be called _or_ named; 3)
_to bid, to order_. Here = ?
4. ~+es+~ (idiomat.) ~wird mir bange~ (impersonal phrase), _I become
alarmed, I begin to feel uneasy_.
5. ~+das alles+~ (neut. sing., idiomatically relating to persons of
different gender) for masc. and fem. pl. ~alle diese (Leute)~, _all
these_.
+Page 32.+--1. ~+das+ bin ich~, refers back to the preceding. The
English _this_ (_that_), _these_ (_those_), when immediately preceded or
followed by the verb "to be" are rendered in German by the neuter
pronoun ~dieses~ (usually shortened to ~dies~ or ~das~), without any
regard to the number or gender of the noun referred to.
2. ~+zu was?+~ here = ~für was? zu welchem Zwecke?~ _for what purpose?_
3. ~es geht~ (impers. phrase), it can be done, it will do; ~+es wird
nicht anders gehen+~ (about the idiomat. use of the future, cf. page 14,
note 2), _that cannot be done otherwise_ (or _without it_), _I suppose_.
+Page 33.+--1. (~umgeben~, pass.) ~+von+~ = ?
2. ~+staunender Freude+~, genitive, dependent on adj. ~voll~, _full
of . . ._
3. ~+Euer, Eu(e)re, Euer+~ possessive form of pers. pronoun ~Ihr~, which
in earlier language was used in polite address (= modern ~Sie~), _your_.
4. ~+noch gar nicht+~ (adverb. idiom), _not yet, by any means_.
5. ~+es+~ (neuter) referring to ~das Ehegemahl~, obsol. (= 1. husband;
2. wife), trans. _she_.
6. ~+uns+~. Case? Dependent on? How to render? Cf. page 29, note 1.
+Page 34.+--1. ~+beim Spinnen+~, comp. ~im Stürzen~, page 22, note 5.
2. (~gesponnen~, pass.) ~+von+~ = ?
3. ~sie +hätte+ . . . gemacht~ (past subj. for conditional) = ~sie
+würde+ gemacht +haben+~.
+Page 35.+--1. ~+wäre sie+~ (condit. inversion, ~wenn~ omitted) = ~wenn
sie wäre~; comp. ~will's Gott~ (page 7, note 4).
2. ~+möge+ verschonen, +solle+ legen~ (indirect subj.). Direct:
~»Verschont mich!«~ ~»Lege mir auf die Haare!«~
+Page 36.+--1. ~+die+~, with emphasis. Why?
2. ~+würde+~. Mood? Why? Cf. page 20, note 2.
3. ~+dazu´.+~ Idiom? Cf. page 27, note 1.
4. Distinguish ~+am Hofe+~ (_at court_) and ~auf dem Hofe~ (in the
yard).
5. ~+es+ ist mir um etwas zu thun~ (impers. phrase), _I care for
something_.
6. ~+daran´+~ (on [_of_] it). Idiom?
7. ~er ließ +sich+ nicht bereden~ (reflexive for passive) = ? Comp. ~er
ließ sich nicht trösten~ (page 9, note 10).
8. ~+je mehr+ . . . +um so mehr+~ (for the more common ~desto mehr~),
correlat., _the more . . . the more . . ._
+Page 37.+--1. ~+was?+~ (colloq.) for ~warum?~ _why?_
2. ~+der´gestalt+~ (~+der+~ [emphat.] ~Gestalt~, ~von +der+ Gestalt~),
phrase formed with adverbial genit. of manner, _in such a manner, to
such an extent_ or _degree_; syn. ~+der+maßen~ (= ~von~ or ~in +dem+
Maße~), 5 lines below.
3. ~+ich habe+~ (idiomat., present tense for future) = ?
4. ~+mir+ . . . +ent+laufen~. Force of the dative? Cf. page 29, note 1.
+Page 38.+--1. ~+doch, doch!+~ (adverb. idiom), cf. page 3, note 3.
2. ~+auch+~ (idiomat.) omit in English!
3. ~+Alba Regi´na+~ (Roumanian, pronounce ~re-dschi´na~; the same form
as in Latin: +alba+ "white," and +regina+ "queen," "queenlike,
queenly"). _Queen Alba_ or _Queenly_ (= Noble) _White_ = ~Edelweiß~.
4. ~+das E´delweiß+~, "LEONTOPODIUM ALPINUM" of the botanists, English
"Lion's foot" _or_ "Padelion" (from French +Pas-de-lion+), a woolly
alpine plant, whose large, downy, and star-like white flowers are highly
priced by the tourists. In translating retain the German name of the
plant.
5. ~+die Goldfäden+~, cf. page 10, note 10, and also page 24, note 11.
IV
~Der Tschachlau~
+Page 39.+--1. ~+die Moldau+~, (the principality of) +Moldavia+, the
north-eastern part of the kingdom of Roumania.
2. ~+der Bucegi+~, cf. page 4, note 2.
3. ~+Mosch+~ (Roumanian) = ~der Alte~.
4. ~er +ging+~ (repeated action), _he would go_.
5. ~+nur+~ (adverbial idiomat.), _ever_ or _possibly_.
+Page 40.+--1. ~+um ein Muttergottesbild versammelt+~. Comp. page 20,
note 1.
2. ~scholl +es+~ (indefinite), i.e. _voices_ were heard.
3. ~+was+~ (colloq.), for ~etwas~.
4. ~+der liebe Gott+~ (a most popular phrase), _the good Lord_ or _our
good father in Heaven_.
5. ~+fehlgeschossen!+~ (or ~fehlgetroffen!~) perf. partic., lit.:
"missed the mark," used elliptically in exclamations; transl.: _entirely
mistaken!_ or _quite out!_
6. (~den Tschachlau~,) ~+den+~ (with emphasis), colloq. repetition of
the object; omit in English!
+Page 41.+--1. ~+es+ weiß kein Mensch~, (~es~ introductory or
grammatical subject, the logical subject ~kein Mensch~ following after
the verb) = ~kein Mensch weiß~.
2. ~+der Dniéstr+~ (Russian, pronounce "Dnyéstr"), a large river of
south-western Russia, emptying into the Black Sea near Odessa.
3. ~+klein und krumm, flache Gesichter, gelb wie Citronen, kleine
Augen+~, unmistakable characteristics of the Huns, a savage race from
Asia, who about the year 370 A.D. for the first time burst into Europe.
4. ~+sie waren mit ihren Pferden zusammengewachsen+~, so it was fabled,
because they lived and were always seen on horseback. Comp. the ancient
Greek myth of the fabulous race of the Centaurs.
5. ~+wo+ sie +hin+kamen~ (separated) for the more common ~+wohin+ sie
kamen~.
6. ~+ein Volk von heller Haut, blauäugig, hoch gewachsen, mit langem,
gelbem Haar+~, refers to the Getae ("Goths"), a Teutonic tribe which, in
the second century after Christ, had left the shores of the Baltic,
their original home, and had taken possession of the land about the
Black Sea, thus becoming the Eastern neighbors of the ancient
Roumanians.
7. ~+einige konnten mit dem Messer in Holzstäbe schreiben+~, _some of
whom knew the art of cutting_ (or scratching) _letters in_
(willow-)_sticks_, with reference to the runic characters, which by the
priests of the ancient Teutonic tribes, for the purpose of sorcery, were
cut in pieces of smoothed wood, generally willow, and which were called
"rûn-stafas."
8. ~wie viele +auch+~ (idiomat.), _no matter how many_.
9. ~+den+ Tod~, no article in English.
10. ~+einen+~, refers to ~Pfeil~.
+Page 42.+--1. ~+der Pruth+~ (pronounce as in German), the
boundary-river between Russia and Roumania.
2. ~+der Fürst der gelbhaarigen Leute+~, i.e. Hermanarich, the king of
the Ostrogoths (Eastern Goths), who in the year 375 A.D. succumbed to
the Huns.
3. The noun ~der Mann~ has a double plural: ~die Männer~, _men_, and
~+die Mannen+~, _vassals, warriors_.
4. ~jeder +nehme!+~ (subj. for missing 3rd pers. sing. of the
imperative), _let every one take!_
5. ~+sie+~ (with emphasis), _they themselves_ (i.e. the Roumanians).
6. ~+herunter konnte+~. Idiom? Cf. page 5, note 6.
+Page 43.+--1. ~+es+~ (indef.) ~konnte keine . . . geben~, _there_ could
be no . . .
2. ~+den+~ (with emphasis) = ~diesen, den letztern~, _this, the latter_.
3. ~+wenn+ . . . +auch+~, _even if, no matter whether_.
4. ~+der Búcium+~ (Roumanian, pronounce ~Bútschum~, from Græco-Latin:
{bous}; _bos_). Comp. Latin: "+bucina+" or "+buccina+", the name of the
instrument by which in the military camps of the ancient Romans the
signals were sounded. Transl. _herdman's horn_.
+Page 44.+--1. ~+ihrer+~ (partitive genitive), _of them_, dependent on
~genug~.
2. ~so viele Steine, als sie +nur+~ (adverb. idiom), cf. page 39,
note 5.
3. ~+machte das Zeichen des Kreuzes+~, as Catholics do in devotion.
4. ~+was+ . . . +nur+~, _whatever, however much_.
+Page 45.+--1. ~+gegen+~ (+against+), here: _in comparison with,
compared with_.
2. ~+gesche´he+~ (optative subj., expressing "concession"), _may
happen_; _may be done_.
3. ~+ohne daß+ . . . merkten~. The preposition ~ohne~ cannot govern the
infinitive ~mit zu~ (see page 12, note 4), when there is a change of
subject, but must then be followed by a clause beginning with ~daß~.
+Page 46.+--1. ~+sich+~ (dat. pl. of reflex. pronoun), for possess.
pronoun ~+ihren+ Weg~, cf. page 1, note 8.
2. ~+sie+~, refers to ~Länder~.
3. As with the preposition ~ohne~ (cf. page 12, note 4), the infinitive
with ~zu~ is used with the preposition ~+anstatt+~ (or ~statt~) when the
subject of the infinitive is the same as that of the leading verb. It
corresponds to English _instead of_ with the verb-noun in _-ing_.
4. ~+wieder zu sich kommen+~ (phrase), cf. page 7, note 2.
+Page 47.+--1. ~+was+~ (= ~das, was~, correlative), indef. neuter sing.
for masc. and fem. pl. ~+die+, +welche+~.
2. ~+es+~ (neuter). Note agreement with grammatical gender of
~Menschenkind~.
3. ~+Hungers+ sterben~ (idiomat. phrase formed with adverb. genit. of
manner), _to die of hunger, to starve to death_.
4. ~er ließ +sich+ sehen~. How to be rendered? Comp. ~er ließ sich nicht
trösten~ (page 9, note 10) and ~wenn er sich wieder sehen ließe~ (page
28, note 3).
5. ~+auf+~ (time, prospectively), _for_.
6. The English phrases, _there is, there are_, are expressed by the
impersonal ~es~ with ~sein~ or with ~geben~. With ~sein~ the verb agrees
with the following predicate noun (e.g. ~es +waren+ keine Menschen
dort~), but with ~geben~ the verb remains always singular (e.g. ~es gab
keinen Menschen dort~, and ~+es gab+~ [_there were . . ._] ~+keine
Menschen dort+~).
7. ~+was+~ (= ~das was~ or ~alles was~). Idiom? Cf. note 1, above.
+Page 48.+--1. ~+wie+~ (= ~als wie~, _as if_), _seemed_.
2. ~+das Suchen+~, accus., while ~des Suchens~ (genit. after ~müde~,
_tired of something_), would be more in accordance with modern usage.
3. ~+es+~ (idiomat.), refers back to the preceding and remains
untranslated.
4. ~+abends+~, force of the genitive? Cf. ~nachts~, page 2, note 6.
5. ~+machte+~ (colloq.), for ~that~.
6. ~+eine Hora+~, comp. page 1, note 6.
V
~Rîul Doamnei~
+Page 49.+--1. ~+Rî´ul+~ (Roumanian, ~+Ri+~ = Lat.: +rivus+; Eng.:
+river+; Span., Portug., +rio+; and ~+ul+~, definite article in
Roumanian suffixed to the noun), "_the brook_"; ~+Dóamnei+~ (Roumanian,
pronounce "dômne[)i]," gen. sing. of "doamna" = Lat. +domina+) "_of the
princess_," _the Queen's_. ~+Rîul Doamnei+~, name of a mountain-stream
emptying into the Argesch, one of the tributaries of the Lower Danube.
2. ~unweit +dem+~ (dat.), rather uncommon for ~unweit +des+~ (gen.)
3. ~+Campa Lungo+~ (Roumanian, from Latin: +Campus Longus+, "Longfield";
"Longmeadow"), a mountain-town and summer-resort on the southern slope
of the Carpathians, about 100 miles north of Bucharest, the capital of
Roumania.
4. ~+immer größer+~ = ~größer und größer~.
+Page 50.+--1. ~+es+~ (indefinite), either referring to ~Heuschrecken~
or to be taken generally = _things_ or _affairs_.
2. ~+auch noch nicht+~, _not yet . . . either_ or _neither . . . then_.
3. ~+am Körper+~ (sing.; collectively), for pl. ~an ihren Körpern~.
4. ~+man+~. How to be rendered idiomatically? Cf. page 1, note 7.
5. ~+es+~ (introductory) = ? Cf. page 41, note 1.
6. ~+Sonn- noch Feiertag+~ (~Sonn-~ belongs also to ~tag~) = ~Sonntag
noch Feiertag~.
7. ~Leute fanden +sich+~. Idiom? Cf. page 2, note 13.
8. ~+Iri´na+~ (pronounce as in German), Roumanian, woman's name, from
Greek: +{Eirênê}+ (= "Peace"), _Irene_.
+Page 51.+--1. ~+»Lieber Gott!«+~ a popular address of the Deity; cf.
page 40, note 4.
2. ~+solche+~ or (with the indef. article) ~eine solche . . .~ or ~solch
eine . . .~
3. ~suche +nur+~ (adverb. idiom), with an imperative persuasively,
_just_ go in quest (or in search of it)! _do_ search for it!
4. ~+that+~ (+did+), here: _acted_ or _appeared_ or _proceeded_.
5. ~+ihnen+~ (privative dative). How to render? Cf. page 29, note 1.
6. ~+nicht einma´l+~ (indef.), _not even_.
7. ~den Flüssen +nach+~, in the sense of "in the direction of" the
preposition ~nach~ follows its case, here: _up_ the rivers.
8. ~+Olto, Gin, Buzlu, Sereth+~, and ~+Argesch+~ (eight lines below),
the names of a few of the numerous rivers which, rising on the southern
slope of the Carpathian Mountains, traverse the Roumanian plain and join
the Lower Danube on the left.
+Page 52.+--1. ~+doch+~ (adverb. idiom), with an imperative adds force
to the request; _please! won't you?_
2. ~+den Argesch+~, comp. page 49, note 1, and page 51, note 8.
3. ~+wollte+~ = 1. wanted, wished; 2. _was about, was at the point_; 3.
claimed, pretended. Here = ?
4. ~+immer schwererem+~ (cf. page 49, note 4), here = ~um so schwererem~
or ~desto schwererem Herzen~, _with her heart the heavier_ (or _the more
dejected_), ~je kleiner~, _the smaller . . ._
5. ~+von den Steinen, auf denen sie ging, ermattet+~, for ~von dem
Gehen~ (or ~Wandern~) ~auf den Steinen ermattet~.
6. ~+wie+~ (conjunction), colloquially for? Cf. page 2, note 4.
7. ~+es war ihr+~ (phrase) = ? Cf. page 2, note 9.
+Page 53.+--1. ~+konnte+~. Idiom? Cf. page 5, note 6.
2. ~sie sog +sie+~, the second ~sie~ might well have been avoided by
substituting the demonstrat. pron. ~dieselben~.
3. ~+es+~ (indef.) ~rauschte und rieselte~, _there_ was a rustling and
drizzling.
4. ~+angerauscht+~. Note the idiomatic use of the perf. partic. of a
verb of motion after ~kommen~, to express the manner of coming. Transl.
_roaring_.
5. ~+den ganzen Tag+~. Force of the accusative? Cf. page 29, note 3.
6. ~+es+~ (indef.), for ~das Wasser~.
7. ~sie wand +sie+ aus~; cf. note 2, above.
8. ~als +wollte+~, _as if it was to . . ._ Why the past subjunctive? Cf.
page 1, note 5.
9. ~+es+~ (indef.), _something_.
10. ~+was+~, _what_ (_it was that_).
+Page 54.+--1. ~+wenn auch+~ (= ~obgleich, obschon, wiewohl~),
_although_.
2. ~+wohl+~ (adverb. idiom), _probably_; _no doubt_; _I suppose_.
* * * * *
* * * *
VOCABULARY
+A+
~+A´bend+~, _m._ (_pl._ -e), evening;
~abends~, in the evening, at night.
~+A´benddämmerung+~, _f._, evening-twilight, dusk (of the evening).
~+A´bendmahlzeit+~, _f._ (_pl._ -en), supper, tea.
~+a´ber+~, but, however;
~aber doch~, for all that, nevertheless.
~+ab´fressen+ (fraß, gefressen)~, to eat up, to graze.
~+ab´geschnitten+~, see ~abschneiden~.
~+ab´geschossen+~, see ~abschießen~.
~+Ab´grund+~, _m._ (_pl._ ¨-e), precipice, abyss.
~+ab´holen+~, to call _or_ to come for, to meet.
~+ab´kommen+ (kam, gekommen)~, to diverge; to wander (from, ~von~).
~+ab´magern+~, to emaciate, to lose flesh.
~+ab´nehmen+ (nahm, genommen)~, to take off.
~+abscheu´lich+~, horrid, wicked, detestable.
~+Ab´schied+~, _m._, leave, departure; farewell;
~von Einem Abschied nehmen~, to bid some one farewell.
~+ab´schießen+ (schoß, geschossen)~, to shoot; to let fly.
~+ab´schlagen+ (schlug, geschlagen)~, to repel (an attack).
~+ab´schneiden+ (schnitt, geschnitten)~, to cut off; to separate.
~+ab´setzen+~, to stop, to make a break.
~+Ab´sturz+~, _m._ (_pl._ ¨-e), precipice.
~+ab´wehren+~, to ward off.
~+ab´zuholen+~, see ~abholen~.
~+ach!+~ (_interj._), ah! oh! ~ach ja~, oh yes (indeed);
~ach und wehe schreien~, to sigh and cry, to groan and moan.
~+acht+~, eight;
~acht Tage~, a week.
~+ach´ten+~, to pay attention (to, ~auf~).
~+Ack´er+~, _m._ (_pl._ ¨-), field.
~+A´der+~, _f._ (_pl._ -n), vein.
~+Ad´ler+~, _m._ (_pl._ -), eagle.
~+Ad´lernase+~, _f._ (_pl._ -n), aquiline (_or_ hooked) nose.
~+ähn´lich+~, resembling, (a)like, similar;
~zum Verwechseln ähnlich~, so much alike that the one might be easily
taken for the other, _or_ that one cannot tell the one from the
other.
~+Äh´renfeld+~, _n._ (_pl._ -er), corn-field (in ear).
~+al´le+~, all.
~+allein´+~, alone, solitary, by one's self (himself, etc.); forsaken.
~+al´lemal+~, always, at all times, once for all.
~+al´lerhand+~, all kinds (_or_ sorts) of.
~+al´lerlei+~, all sorts (_or_ kinds) of.
~+al´les+~, (all and) everything.
~+allgemein´+~, common, general, universal.
~+all´zulange+~, far too long, altogether too long.
~+Al´penrose+~, _f._ (_pl._ -n), alpine rose, "rhododendron."
~+als+~, as, like; than;
(_conj._) when (= ~sobald als~) as soon as; (= ~als ob~) as if;
~als bis~, than until, than that;
~nicht eher als~, not before.
~+al´so+~, then, therefore.
~+alt+~, old, ancient;
~der Alte~, old man;
~die Alte~, old woman;
~die Alten~, old folks.
~+Al´ter+~, _n._, (old) age.
~+am+~ = ~an dem~.
~+an+~ (_dat. accus._), at, near, by; to, against; on.
~+An´blick+~, _m._, look, sight.
~+an´dere+ (der)~, other;
~keine andere~, no one else.
~+an´ders+~ (_adv._), otherwise.
~+An´drei+~ (_Roumanian_), Andrew.
~+An´fang+~, _m._ (_pl._ ¨-e), beginning, opening.
~+an´fangen+ (fing, gefangen)~, to begin.
~+an´gehen+ (ging, gegangen)~, to concern, to regard.
~+an´gekleidet+~, see ~ankleiden~.
~+an´gesehen+~, see ~ansehen~.
~+an´gezogen+~, see ~anziehen~.
~+An´griff+~, _m._ (_pl._ -e), attack.
~+Angst+~, _f._ (_pl._ ¨-e), anxiety, apprehension (for, ~um~).
~+Angst´geheul+~, _n._ (_collect._), cry (_or_ scream) of distress,
cries _or_ screams of distress.
~+ängst´lich+~, anxious(ly), frightened, in a fright.
~+an´halten+ (hielt, gehalten)~, to rein in, to pull up (a horse).
~+an´heben+ (hob [hub], gehoben)~, to begin (to speak), to enter upon
one's discourse.
~+an´hören+~, to listen to, to give an ear (to some one, _accus._).
~+an´kleiden+~, to dress, to clothe.
~+an´mutig+~, pleasant(ly), pleasing(ly).
~+an´nehmen+ (nahm, genommen)~, to take, to accept.
~+An´prall+~, _m._, shock, onset.
~+an´rauschen+~, to rush on.
~+an´richten+~, to prepare; to cause, to make, to do;
~Unheil anrichten~, to cause (to do) mischief.
~+an´rühren+~, to touch.
~+ans+~ = ~an das~.
~+an´schauen+~, to look at (some one, _accus._).
~+an´schielen+~, to squint _or_ to leer at, to look asquint upon.
~+an´sehen+ (sah, gesehen)~, to look (at _or_ upon some one, _accus._);
~mit ansehen~, to witness; to let pass.
~+an´starren+~, to stare (at some one, _accus._).
~+anstatt´+~ (_genit._), instead of;
~anstatt zu~, _with inf._, instead of _. . .-ing_.
~+An´strengung+~, _f._ (_pl._ -en), exertion, effort.
~+Ant´litz+~, _n._ (_pl._ -e), face.
~+Ant´wort+~, _f._ (_pl._ -en), answer, reply, retort;
~Antwort geben~, to answer, to reply.
~+ant´worten+~, to answer (some one, _dat._), to reply.
~+an´wenden+~, to employ, to use.
~+an´ziehen+ (zog, gezogen)~, to attract; to dress;
~anziehend~, attractive.
~+an´zuhören+~, see ~anhören~.
~+Ar´beit+~, _f._ (_pl._ -en), work, employment.
~+ar´beiten+~, to work, to make.
~+arg+~, severe (punishment).
~+ärg´ste+ (der)~, see ~arg~.
~+Arm+~, _m._ (_pl._ -e), arm.
~+arm+~, poor, miserable;
~der Arme~, poor man, poor fellow;
~die Armen~, the poor, poor people.
~+Ast+~, _m._ (_pl._ ¨-e), branch (of a tree), twig.
~+a´temlos+~, breathless, out of breath.
~+A´temzug+~, _m._ (_pl._ ¨-e), (draught of) breath, respiration.
~+at´men+~, to breathe.
~+auch+~, also, too, likewise;
~auch nicht~, neither.
~+auf+~ (_dat. accus._), on, upon; for (_time_).
~+auf´geben+ (gab, gegeben)~, to give up.
~+auf´gehen+ (ging, gegangen)~, to open (_intrans._), to be opened;
to rise (sun).
~+auf´gehoben+~, see ~aufheben~.