the grave of his father, mother and wife in St. Sepulchre’s, and he
bequeathed his property to his then only surviving son Thomas Arris,
M.D., M.P., and his children, and to the children of his deceased
son Robert. He gave five legacies of £400 each and some smaller ones
amongst his grandchildren and an annuity of £30 a year to his grandson
Robert. He also bequeathed messuages, lands, &c., at Hatfield, two
messuages in Well Yard, St. Bartholomew’s the Less, a messuage near
Pye Corner, ten acres of Copyhold land in the manor of Bedwell near
Hatfield and four freehold houses in the parish of St. Paul, Covent
Garden, to his son and grandchildren. “I give Ten shillings a peece
to soe many Antient men as I shall be yeares old att the tyme of my
death to mourne in decent Gownes att my Burial whereof Tenn to be of
the parish of Little St. Bartholomews Tenn of the Company of Barber
Chirurgeons and the rest of the Parish of St. Sepulchres.” He also
left £8 to the poor of St. Sepulchre’s to be given to 160 poor at his
burial; £5 to the poor of St. Bartholomew the Less; £5 to Christ’s
Hospital among 100 children to attend his burial; 20_s._ each to the
two Beadles of the Barber-Surgeons, and 5_s._ each to the four Beadles
of St. Bartholomew’s Hospital; also £5 to Dr. Bell to preach a sermon
at his burial.
Arms. Ar. on a cross gu. five fleur de lys or.
JASPER ARRIS=
of St. Sepulchre’s, |
London, died 1622-3. |
+----------------+
|
Alderman Edward Arris = Mary ...
b. 1591. d. 28 May, 1676. | b. 1598 d. 11 Dec., 1674.
|
+----------------------------+---+---------------------+
| | |
Robert Arris, Surgeon = Elizabeth d. Thomas Arris = Olivia ... and
ad{t} to Freedom 21 | Henry Boone. of St. Alban’s| 21 other
Jan., 1651.; died be- | Herts, M.D., | children
fore 17 April, 1662. | M.P. |
| |
+----------------+-+--------------------+ |
| | | |
Edward Arris Henrietta = ... Susan |
apprenticed to Maria Langford. |
Thos. Ryton admitted to |
Surgeon Freedom |
3 Sep., 1674. 5 Aug., 1718. |
|
+------------+-------+-------+--------+--------+------+-------+
| | | | | | | |
Edward Arris Thomas. Robert. Jasper. Elizabeth. Mary. Agnes. Margaret.
appt{d} to
Thomas Hobbs,
Surgeon,
13 Feb., 1677.
admitted to
Freedom
4 March, 1684.
SIR JOHN FREDERICK.
[Illustration: Coat of Arms]
JOHN FREDERICK was a son of Christopher Frederick, Barber-Surgeon. A
minute of the 9th June, 1595, states that “the said Xpõfer ffrederick
being a strainger borne had his ffreedom geven him of the Cittie of
London by vertue of her Mat{ies} most gracious Lrẽs to the Lord maior
and Corte of Aldrem̃e directed and was made fre of this Companie and
after chosen of the lyvery and then one of Thassistance.”
Christopher Frederick was on more than one occasion at serious variance
with the Court, as also with some of its members, and a resolution was
passed, evidently with pointed allusion to him, viz., that in future
aliens should be ineligible for the Court. He was Serjeant-Surgeon
to James I, and probably to Elizabeth also; Master in 1609 and again
in 1616. His son William was admitted to the freedom by service 27th
October, 1607. Christopher Frederick was buried 10th October, 1623,
in the church of St. Olave, Jewry, where also Mary, his widow, was
interred on 6th June, 1636. They had issue six sons and six daughters.
John Frederick, the fourth son, was baptized 25th October, 1601, and
educated at Christ’s Hospital. On 17th July, 1632 he was admitted
to the freedom by patrimony, on the 13th November, 1635 elected to
the Livery, and on 30th January, 1645 made an Assistant. He was a
successful merchant and resided in a large mansion on the site of what
is now Frederick’s Place, Old Jewry (which he rebuilt after the Great
Fire in 1666). This house was afterwards used as the Excise Office,
upon the removal of which to Broad Street, the building was taken down
and the present houses erected. He was elected Alderman of Vintry
September, 1653, and in 1660 removed to Coleman Street Ward. He was
Master of the Barber-Surgeons in 1654 and again in 1658; he served as
Sheriff, 1655-6, and was then knighted. The Barber-Surgeons attended
Sir John in their barge to Westminster when he went to be sworn in as
Sheriff, and ordered his portrait to be painted at a cost of £15. This
fine picture representing the Sheriff in his robes and with a flowing
wig, is preserved at Barbers’ Hall. In 1661 Sir John was translated to
the Grocers’ Company to enable him to take upon him the office of Lord
Mayor, which he served 1661-2. The pageant performed at the expense of
the Grocers upon his accession to the Mayoralty was entitled “Londons
Tryumphs presented in several delightfull Scænes,” and was composed
by John Tatham; a copy of this very rare tract is preserved in the
Guildhall Library. Pepys, under date 29th October, 1661, writes--
This day I put on my half cloth black stockings and my new coate of
the fashion, which pleases me well, and with my bever I was (after
office was done) ready to go to my Lord Mayor’s feast, as we are all
invited; but the Sir Williams were both loth to go, because of the
crowd, and so none of us went. My mind not pleased because I had
proposed a great deal of pleasure to myself this day at Guildhall.
This Lord Mayor, it seems, brings up again the custom of Lord Mayors
going the day of their instalment to Paul’s and walking round about
the Crosse, and offering something at the Altar.
In 1662 Sir John was elected Master of the Grocers’ Company and also
President of Christ’s Hospital, which latter office he held until 1683.
In the Parliament of 1660 he represented Dartmouth; on the 10th March,
1663, he was elected one of the Members for the City and so continued
until the dissolution in January, 1679. In 1674 he gave £100 towards
rebuilding Barber-Surgeons’ Hall; he also repaired and fitted up the
Great Hall at Christ’s Hospital at a cost of £5,000. In 1664 he bore
the expense of bringing the Conduit Water from Gray’s Inn Fields to
the Hospital. In 1667 he gave £50 and twenty chaldrons of sea coal,
and by his Will bequeathed £500 to the Hospital. In 1654 he gave a
handsome silver loving cup and cover weighing about 38 oz. to the
Barber-Surgeons; this cup is still used on festive occasions. There is
a portrait of Sir John at Christ’s Hospital, which represents him as
seated in an arm chair, in his civic robes, with an open letter in his
hand, on his head is a full bottomed wig and a black cap, he has white
whiskers and a tuft of white hair on his under lip.
In the “Gentleman’s Magazine” for November, 1769, is a copy of a
document prepared for Charles II, giving the characters of the Lord
Mayor and Aldermen, which says of Sir John Frederick that--
by reason of his age, he is apt to be ledd by others, especially by
Sir John Lawrence, a man of little dispatch, very readie to run into
mistakes; he hates a souldier, and cannot endure to see any of the
King’s guards.
Sir John married Mary Rous by whom he had issue four sons and nine
daughters. Judith, his eldest daughter, married Sir Nathaniel Herne
(Alderman and Sheriff 1674 and Master of the Barber-Surgeons 1674),
who, dying in August, 1679, she married secondly, Robert Hooker, of
Hatton Garden. Her Will, dated in 1688, was proved 30th June, 1691.
Sir John Frederick was buried in the Church of St. Olave Jewry 19th
March, 1685, where his widow was also interred 19th December, 1689; she
bequeathed £300 to Christ’s Hospital. His eldest son Thomas was the
father of John Frederick who was created a baronet 10th June, 1723. Sir
John gave marriage portions of £3,000 apiece to his daughters Judith
and Elizabeth, who married respectively Sir Nathaniel Herne and Sir
Joseph Herne, and he covenanted to give £2,000 apiece more either in
his lifetime or by will; it seems that he did this by will, which led
to litigation, his relict (to whom he left about £10,000) laying claim
to some portion of these legacies by the custom of London.
_Arms_ (granted by Sir Ed. Walker, Garter, 22nd October, 1661). Or on a
chief gu. three doves ar. beaked gu. legged or.
_Crest._ On a cap of dignity az. turned up ermine, a dove ppr. holding
a laurel branch vert.
SIR NATHANIEL HERNE.
[Illustration: Coat of Arms]
Sir NATHANIEL HERNE was the son of Nicholas and grandson of Richard
Herne (Alderman and Sheriff in 1618). He was born in 1629 and in 1646
apprenticed at Barber-Surgeons’ Hall to Sir John Frederick, one of the
merchant-princes of London at that time. Herne was admitted to the
freedom on 7th May, 1655, and, like the typical industrious apprentice,
he married his master’s daughter, Judith Frederick, by whom he had
(among others) a daughter Judith who married William, second Earl of
Jersey, and thereby was one of the ancestors of the present Earl. Sir
Nathaniel Herne was a most successful merchant and amassed a large
fortune. In 1674 he was Sheriff of London (being knighted at Windsor on
the 9th August) and Master of this Company. On the 11th April, 1676, he
was elected Alderman of the Ward of Billingsgate. He was sometime M.P.
for Dartmouth, and a Governor of the East India Company. He died 16th
August, 1679, being then fifty years of age and was buried at St. Olave
Jewry, where there is a monument to his memory, with his arms impaling
Frederick, and this inscription:--
M S.
Here lyeth in hopes of a Glorious Resurrection the body of S{r}
Nathaniel Herne Knight late Sherife And at his death Alderman of this
Famous Citty and Governour of the Honourable East India Company, Son
to Nicholas and Grandson to Richard Herne sometimes Alderman allso of
this Citty A Person of great Prudence and Indefatigable Industry in
the Management of all Publick Affairs, of Exemplary Piety, Spotless
Integrity and Diffusive Charity having with his owne hand dispenced
very considerable summes to many Charitable uses Particularly to the
reliefe of poore Seamen & Educating of their Children. He tooke to
wife Judith Eldest Daughter of S{r} John Frederick Knight Alderman
and sometimes Lord Mayor of London, his now sorrowfull Widdow by
whome he had divers Children and left three hopefull Sons surviving
viz{t} Frederick, Nathaniel, and Thomas, to whose and to this Cittyes
& Nations great loss as allso to y{e} griefe of all them that knew
him He departed this Life y{e} 16{th} August, 1679 Ætat 50.
Sir Nathaniel by his Will dated 12th April, 1677, left a large property
between his wife and children, and legacies to Sir John and Lady
Frederick, Ephraim Skinner and numerous other friends and relatives.
Arms. Sa. a chev. erm. between three Herons ar.
NICHOLAS HERNE =
of Tybenham, Norfolk. |
+------------+
|
Richard Herne = Alice dau. of
Sheriff 1618 and | John Pasck, D.D.,
Alderman, lived at | of Cambridge.
the Blue Anchor in |
Cheapside. |
|
1st. Elizabeth = Nicholas Herne = Sarah
dau. of Nicholas | of London, | dau. of
Hooker of London | s. & h. | Rich{d}
Goldsmith. | | Ironside
| | of London.
+----------+--------+-+---+-+-+ |
| | | | | | |
1 2 3 | | | |
Richard Nicholas John Susan. |
Herne Herne Herne. Mary. |
s.p. Katherine. |
+----------------------+----------+--+-------------------+
| | | |
4 5 6 7
Sir Nathaniel = Judith dau. James Sir = Elizabeth d. Basil =
Herne b. 1629,| of Sir John Herne. Joseph | of Sir John Herne |
d. 1679. | Frederick Herne of | Frederick of Hamp- |
Alderman | Lord Mayor. London stead. |
of London | Merch{t} |
Barber- | |
Surgeon. | |
+---------+---------+-----------------+--------+ |
| | | | |
Fredk = ..... d. Nathaniel = .... d. Thomas Judith m. = William |
Herne, | of Lile Herne, of Sir Herne 22 March, | 2{nd} |
of | of North- Esq., Arthur d. unm. 1704, at | Earl of |
London, | ampton- M.P. Ingram Hamp- | Jersey. |
Esqr. | shire. of stead. | |
bur. at | London. | |
S{t} | Earl of |
Brides. | Jersey. |
| |
+---+------+ |
| | +---------------+
a son a daughter = Edward Villiers |
died “worth son and heir . . . . Herne =
young. £40,000.” of the Earl of |
Jersey. +---------+
|
. . . . Herne =
|
+---------+
|
Sir William Herne,
born, 1745, Alderman
of Castle Baynard
and Sheriff in 1797.
d. 20 Dec., 1838,
bur. in the Chancel
at Bray Church.
SIR JOHN LETHIEULLIER.
[Illustration: Coat of Arms]
Sir JOHN LETHIEULLIER, who was born in 1633, was descended from the
Le Thieulliers, an old Protestant family in the Low Countries; his
great grandfather John was burnt at Valenciennes for his religion
by the infamous Duke D’Alva. His grandfather John was a merchant at
Cologne and died there in 1593. His widow survived him thirty-eight
years and came over to England in 1605 with her only son John, who was
born in 1591. In 1620 he was established as a Merchant in London, but
on the breaking out of the Civil Wars he went over to Amsterdam and
returned to England at the Restoration; he lived at Lewisham, where he
died on 2nd November, 1679, having married Jane, daughter of John de
la Fortre, of London, by whom he had five sons and three daughters.
His eldest son, Sir John Lethieullier, was apprenticed to Sir John
Frederick (Barber-Surgeon) and admitted to the freedom by servitude
11th November, 1657. He served the office of Master in 1676, having
been Sheriff of London in 1674. He was a successful merchant and a rich
man, having a great fortune by his wife Anne, daughter of Sir William
Hooker, who was Lord Mayor in 1673. Sir John was a free brother of
the Company of Merchant Adventurers of England, and of the Society of
Merchants of London Trading to the Levant Seas and the East Indies.
His third brother, Sir Christopher Lethieullier was Sheriff of London,
1689, and died 1690. On the 20th November, 1707, Sir John wrote to the
Court asking to be relieved from the office of an Assistant on account
of his indisposition and age (he was then 74), but the Court, out of a
feeling of respect towards him, refused to accept his resignation,
and ordered that the Wardens should have a personal interview with him
to know his pleasure. This was done, and on the 15th January following
his resignation was accepted. Sir John, who resided at Greenwich, died
there on the 4th January, 1719, having had two sons, John and William
(both of whom were free of the Company), and three daughters.
[Illustration: Family tree]
Sir John Lethieullier’s will, of prodigious length, is dated 6th May,
1709, and he therein directs that he shall be buried in the vault in
Greenwich Church with his late wife. To his two daughters, Letitia
and Leonora he gave £10,200 each, and to his married daughter, Lady
Ann Dodwell, whom he had previously provided for, £1,000. To all his
grandchildren £100 each. To Christ’s and St. Thomas’ Hospitals and to
the French Congregation in Threadneedle Street £100 each, numerous
gifts to the poor in various parishes, and bequests to friends,
relatives and servants for mourning and rings. All his lands and houses
in the City of London (except two) and in the county of Essex to his
son John. Two houses on College Hill, late in the occupation of Sir
Henry Furnese and Sir Alexander Cairnes, to his two daughters, also his
house and land at Lewisham, his best coach and chariot horses, live
stock, &c. All his other freeholds and houses in Beckenham, Lewisham
and Battersea, his lands at Dartford and his manor of Sutton at Hone
and Wilmington to his son William. There are four codicils to this Will
and by one of them (19th July, 1714) he gave the manor of Rowhill,
which he had then lately purchased to his son William. His two sons
were appointed executors.
Arms. Ar. a chev. gu. betw. three parrots’ heads couped vert. beaked of
the second.
EPHRAIM SKINNER.
[Illustration: Coat of Arms]
EPHRAIM SKINNER was born at Barnstaple 30th November, 1637. In 1652 he
was apprenticed to Sir John Frederick, and afterwards became a wealthy
Merchant trading with Spain. He was sometime the British Consul at
Livorne. On 25th April, 1665, he was admitted to the freedom of the
Barber-Surgeons, and in 1673 gave us the chimney piece in the Court
Room, where there is a three-quarter portrait of him in his livery
gown, with full wig and rich lace bands; on the portrait is this
inscription: “M{r} Ephraim Skiner Marcht. & one of y{e} Assistants of
this Compy: of Barbersurgeons Lond: gave y{m} besides other gifts 300£
for 20 years.”
By his Will, dated 27th December, 1677, he gave to the Governors of
Christ’s Hospital (of which he was a member) five acres of pasture in
Islington, also £700 in trust for them to lend the Barber-Surgeons £300
for 20 years without interest to help them to pay their debts, and also
for a payment of 5_s._ a week to the Minister of Islington for him to
expound and “chatecize” every Sunday afternoon and to pay £5 a year
to the poor of Islington, to whom he also bequeathed a sum of £50. To
the poor of the Old Jewry £50. To the poor of Barnstaple £200. To the
rebuilding of St. Paul’s £50. To his father-in-law Peter Rowe £25 per
annum for life. To several members of the Barber-Surgeons, including
Sir J. Frederick, Sir N. Herne, Sir J. Lethieullier and their children
£10 each, and numerous legacies of money to friends and relations. The
residue of his Estate to his wife.
On the south wall of St. Olave Jewry is a tablet to his memory;
Neer this Place
Lyeth the body of Ephraim Skinner Merchant
Sometimes his Majesties Consul at Livorne
Whose
{Piety Towards God
{Integrity towards Man
Exemplary {Charity to the Poore
{Humility towards all
Made him {Live desired} by all that knew him
{Die Lamented}
He was born in the Town of Barnstable
In Devon on S{t} Andrews Day. Ann.
MDCXXXVII Died at Islington May VI{t}
MDCLXXVIII in the XLI yeare of his
Age
A kind Husband to ANN: his
Consort who in memory of him
erected this Monument but now
caused his Body to be removed
hence to the Parish Church of Great
S{t} Hellen’s and layd in the Vault of
Robart Foot Esq{r} her present Husband
January 1712.
Arms. Sa. a chev. or. betw. three gryffins’ heads era. ar. a crescent
for difference.
SIR HUMPHRY EDWIN.
[Illustration: Coat of Arms]
Sir HUMPHRY EDWIN, descended from an old Herefordshire family, was born
at Hereford in 1642. He was the only son of William Edwin (sometime
Mayor of Hereford) by his wife Anne Mansfield, and grandson of William
Edwin of the Field next Hereford. One of his sisters (Mary) was
married to Sir Edward Dering. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Samuel
Sambrooke, a London merchant, and a sister of Sir Jeremy Sambrooke;
by her he had four sons, born between 1671 and 1677, viz., Samuel,
Humphry, Thomas and Charles.
On the 3rd February, 1679, he was admitted to our freedom; on
11th October, 1687, he was sworn in Alderman of Tower Ward on the
direct appointment of James II; on the 18th November following he
was knighted at Whitehall, and a few weeks later appointed Sheriff
of Glamorganshire, in which county he had purchased considerable
estates. In 1688 Edwin was chosen Sheriff of London and Master of the
Barber-Surgeons. In 1689 he took official part in the Proclamation
of William and Mary in the City, and shortly after was appointed a
Commissioner of Excise with a salary of £1,000; he was also an officer
in the Honourable Artillery Company, and a Colonel of the Trained Bands.
In 1691 Edwin was the victim of a malicious prosecution; he was
indicted for perjury, and a true bill found against him, but on his
trial was acquitted, Lord Chief Justice Holt not calling on him to
swear all his witnesses. Sir Humphry owned extensive property near
Westminster Hall, he also had a mansion at Kensington, and added to
his Glamorganshire property the castle and lordship of Ogmore. In
1697 his eldest son Samuel was married to Lady Catharine Montagu,
daughter of the Earl of Manchester, and the same year Sir Humphry was
elected Lord Mayor of London, having been previously translated from
the Barber-Surgeons to the Skinners’ Company. The customary mayoralty
pageant was omitted, owing, doubtless, to Edwin’s religious scruples,
he being a Nonconformist. Soon after his admission as Lord Mayor, he
gave great offence by attending Nonconformist worship at a conventicle
on the afternoons of Sunday, 31st October and 7th November, in full
civic state. A meeting of the Court of Aldermen was held 9th November
to consider a complaint of the Swordbearer against the Lord Mayor,
for compelling his attendance on the occasion when the Lord Mayor was
deserted by all his officers except the Swordbearer, whom one of the
chapel officials had locked in a pew! According to the minute, the
Court took notice that the Lord Mayor had “for two Lords dayes past in
the afternoones gone to private meetings with the sword,” whereupon
his Lordship promised to forbear the practice for the future. Edwin’s
action roused all the bitterness of the High Church party and caused an
angry literary controversy in which Dr. Nicholls, James Peirce, Calamy
and Defoe joined, and in which the question of “occasional conformity”
was raised. Edwin had on his election received the Sacrament in
accordance with the rites of the Church of England, and his friend
Defoe took him very severely to task for this, charging him with having
“played bo-peep with God Almighty.”
On the 19th April, 1694, Sir Humphry Edwin was dismissed from the
Court of Assistants of our Company on account of his continued
non-attendance. He died 14th December, 1707, at his country seat at
Llanmihangel, intestate, administration being granted to his son
Charles on 19th February following. His widow died in London 22nd
November, 1714. Besides the children already mentioned he had four
daughters and a fifth son John, from whom is descended the present Earl
of Crawford and Balcarres.
Arms. Ar. a cross flory engr. betw. four Cornish choughs sa.
SIR WILLIAM STEWART.
[Illustration: Coat of Arms]
Sir WILLIAM STEWART was admitted to the freedom 22nd July, 1686, by
redemption. In 1706 he was one of the Directors of the East India
Company. On 31st July, 1711, he was elected Alderman of Cripplegate,
and the following year was knighted.
21st July, 1720. The Master acquainted the Court That S{r} William
Stewart Kn{t} and Alderman of the City of London a Freeman of this
Company being the Senior Alderman under the Chair of this City except
one Did make it his request to this Court That he might be translated
from this Company to the Company of Goldsmiths forasmuch as it was
required by the Custom of London That he should be free of one of the
first twelve Companys of this City before he could be put in elecc͠on
to be Lord Mayor.
Sir William was Lord Mayor for the year 1721-2, and died at his house
in Mark Lane, 29th April, 1723. His corpse was carried, preceded by
a hundred boys of Christ’s Hospital and fifty boys belonging to the
London Workhouse, each with a wax taper in his hand, and was interred
at Guildhall Chapel 7th May following.
His Will is dated 28th March, 1723, and by it he bequeaths various
legacies of £2,000 each to nephews and nieces, and sundry other
smaller legacies to friends and servants, etc. £700 to St.
Bartholomews, and £100 each to St. Thomas’, Christ’s and Bethlem
Hospitals. £50 to the London Workhouse, £500 to his housekeeper Mrs.
Ann Smedley, etc.
Arms. Or a fesse chequy ar. and az. over all a bend engr. gu.
CHARLES BERNARD, SERJEANT-SURGEON.
[Illustration: Coat of Arms]
CHARLES BERNARD, who was born about 1656, was a son of Samuel Bernard,
D.D., of Croydon. On 16th August, 1670 (his father being then dead), he
was apprenticed to Henry Boone, Surgeon, for seven years, and on 4th
December, 1677, was admitted to the freedom of the Barber-Surgeons; on
25th October, 1697, he was chosen an Assistant, and on 8th November,
1700, an Examiner of Surgeons in the place of Thomas Lichfield. In 1702
he was appointed Serjeant-Surgeon to Queen Anne, and in 1703 he was
Master of the Company. One of his brothers, Dr. Francis Bernard, was
physician to James II, and he had another brother, Dr. William Bernard.
Charles Bernard died at Lord Weymouth’s house, Long Leate, Wilts,
on 9th October, 1710, and shortly afterwards the Company caused his
portrait to be painted. There is a Latin inscription below it which is
highly eulogistic of Bernard, the following being a translation:--
This portrait of Charles Bernard Esquire, Royal Surgeon in Chief,
most learned in Greek and Latin letters, most experienced, candid
and upright in his profession, enjoying the greatest favour with
the Most Serene Queen Anne, the greatest fame among the laity, the
greatest authority among his fellows, the greatest esteem among all,
in consideration of the remission by the same Most Serene Queen at
his prayer of a heavy sum of nearly one thousand pounds in which this
Company was bound to the Royal Exchequer, and in consideration of
his advancement of Surgical science, his assertion and augmentation
of its dignity, and other brilliant services to the Surgeons, the
Company caused this portrait to be painted after his death 1711.