Radios: 700,000 (1992 est.)
Television broadcast stations: 1
Televisions: 44,000 (1992 est.)
Defense
-------
Branches: Army, Naval Command, Air and Air Defense Forces, Militia
Manpower availability:
males age 15-49: 3,767,855
males fit for military service: 2,162,388 (1996 est.)
Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $84 million, 5.3%
of GDP (1994)
======================================================================
@Namibia
-------
Map
---
Location: 22 00 S, 17 00 E -- Southern Africa, bordering the South
Atlantic Ocean, between Angola and South Africa
Flag
----
Description: a large blue triangle with a yellow sunburst fills
the upper left section, and an equal green triangle (solid) fills
the lower right section; the triangles are separated by a red stripe
that is contrasted by two narrow white-edge borders
Geography
---------
Location: Southern Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean,
between Angola and South Africa
Geographic coordinates: 22 00 S, 17 00 E
Map references: Africa
Area:
total area: 825,418 sq km
land area: 825,418 sq km
comparative area: slightly more than half the size of Alaska
Land boundaries:
total: 3,824 km
border countries: Angola 1,376 km, Botswana 1,360 km, South Africa
855 km, Zambia 233 km
Coastline: 1,572 km
Maritime claims:
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm
International disputes: short section of boundary with Botswana is
indefinite; quadripoint with Botswana, Zambia, and Zimbabwe is in
disagreement; dispute with Botswana over uninhabited Kasikili
(Sidudu) Island in Linyanti (Chobe) River remained unresolved in
December 1995, and the parties agreed to refer the matter to the ICJ
Climate: desert; hot, dry; rainfall sparse and erratic
Terrain: mostly high plateau; Namib Desert along coast; Kalahari
Desert in east
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Konigstein 2,606 m
Natural resources: diamonds, copper, uranium, gold, lead, tin,
lithium, cadmium, zinc, salt, vanadium, natural gas, fish; suspected
deposits of oil, natural gas, coal, iron ore
Land use:
arable land: 1%
permanent crops: 0%
meadows and pastures: 64%
forest and woodland: 22%
other: 13%
Irrigated land: 40 sq km (1989 est.)
Environment:
current issues: very limited natural fresh water resources;
desertification
natural hazards: prolonged periods of drought
international agreements: party to - Climate Change, Endangered
Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection; signed, but not
ratified - Biodiversity, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes
People
------
Population: 1,677,243 (July 1996 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 44% (male 370,090; female 362,185)
15-64 years: 52% (male 428,488; female 449,726)
65 years and over: 4% (male 28,599; female 38,155) (July 1996 est.)
Population growth rate: 2.93% (1996 est.)
Birth rate: 37.29 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)
Death rate: 7.98 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)
Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female
all ages: 0.97 male(s)/female (1996 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 47.2 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 64.48 years
male: 62.85 years
female: 66.16 years (1996 est.)
Total fertility rate: 5.1 children born/woman (1996 est.)
Nationality:
noun: Namibian(s)
adjective: Namibian
Ethnic divisions: black 86%, white 6.6%, mixed 7.4%
note: about 50% of the population belong to the Ovambo tribe and 9%
to the Kavangos tribe; other ethnic groups are: Herero 7%, Damara
7%, Nama 5%, Caprivian 4%, Bushmen 3%, Baster 2%, Tswana 0.5%
Religions: Christian 80% to 90%, Lutheran 50% at least, other
Christian denominations 30%, native religions 10% to 20%
Languages: English 7% (official), Afrikaans common language of
most of the population and about 60% of the white population, German
32%, indigenous languages: Oshivambo, Herero, Nama
Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1960 est.)
total population: 38%
male: 45%
female: 31%
Government
----------
Name of country:
conventional long form: Republic of Namibia
conventional short form: Namibia
Data code: WA
Type of government: republic
Capital: Windhoek
Administrative divisions: 13 regions; Erongo, Hardap, Karas,
Khomas, Kunene, Caprivi (Liambezi), Ohangwena, Okavango, Omaheke,
Omusati, Oshana, Oshikoto, Otjozondjupa
Independence: 21 March 1990 (from South African mandate)
National holiday: Independence Day, 21 March (1990)
Constitution: ratified 9 February 1990; effective 12 March 1990
Legal system: based on Roman-Dutch law and 1990 constitution
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state and head of government: President Sam NUJOMA (since
21 March 1990) was elected for a five-year term by universal
suffrage; election last held 7-8 December 1994 (next to be held NA
December 1999); results - Sam NUJOMA elected president; percent of
vote NA
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from the members of
National Assembly
Legislative branch: bicameral legislature
National Council: elections last held 30 November-3 December 1992
(next to be held by December 1998); results - percent of vote by
party NA; seats - (26 total) SWAPO 19, DTA 6, UDF 1
National Assembly: elections last held 7-8 December 1994 (next to be
held NA December 1999); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats
- (72 total) SWAPO 53, DTA 15, UDF 2, MAG 1, DCN 1
Judicial branch: Supreme Court
Political parties and leaders: South West Africa People's
Organization (SWAPO), Sam NUJOMA; SWAPO for Justice, Zacharia
NJOMBA; DTA of Namibia (formerly Democratic Turnhalle Alliance)
(DTA), Mishake MUYONGO; United Democratic Front (UDF), Justus
GAROEB; Federal Convention of Namibia (FCN), Keiphas CONRADIE;
Monitor Action Group (MAG), Kosie PRETORIUS; Workers Revolutionary
Party (WRP); Southwest African National Union (SWANU), Hitjevi VEII;
Democratic Coalition of Namibia (DCN), Moses K. KATJIUONGUA;
National Patriotic Front (NPF), Moses K. KATJIUONGUA
Other political or pressure groups: NA
International organization participation: ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA,
FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO,
Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, NAM, OAU, SACU, SADC,
UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Tuliameni KALOMOH
chancery: 1605 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009
telephone: [1] (202) 986-0540
FAX: [1] (202) 986-0443
US diplomatic representation:
chief of mission: Ambassador Marshall F. McCALLIE
embassy: Ausplan Building, 14 Lossen St., Windhoek
mailing address: Private Bag 12029 Ausspannplatz, Windhoek
telephone: [264] (61) 221601
FAX: [264] (61) 229792
Flag: a large blue triangle with a yellow sunburst fills the upper
left section, and an equal green triangle (solid) fills the lower
right section; the triangles are separated by a red stripe that is
contrasted by two narrow white-edge borders
Economy
-------
Economic overview: The economy is heavily dependent on the
extraction and processing of minerals for export. Mining accounts
for almost 25% of GDP. Namibia is the fourth-largest exporter of
nonfuel minerals in Africa and the world's fifth-largest producer of
uranium. Rich alluvial diamond deposits make Namibia a primary
source for gem-quality diamonds. Namibia also produces large
quantities of lead, zinc, tin, silver, and tungsten. More than half
the population depends on agriculture (largely subsistence
agriculture) for its livelihood. Namibia must import some of its
food.
GDP: purchasing power parity - $5.8 billion (1994 est.)
GDP real growth rate: 6.6% (1994 est.)
GDP per capita: $3,600 (1994 est.)
GDP composition by sector:
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA%
services: NA%
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 11% (1994)
Labor force: 500,000
by occupation: agriculture 60%, industry and commerce 19%, services
8%, government 7%, mining 6% (1981 est.)
Unemployment rate: 35% in urban areas (1993 est.)
Budget:
revenues: $941 million
expenditures: $1.05 billion, including capital expenditures of $157
million (FY93/94)
Industries: meat packing, fish processing, dairy products; mining
(diamond, lead, zinc, tin, silver, tungsten, uranium, copper)
Industrial production growth rate: 10% (1994)
Electricity:
capacity: 406,000 kW
production: 1.29 billion kWh
consumption per capita: 658 kWh (1991)
Agriculture: millet, sorghum, peanuts; livestock; fish catch
potential of over 1 million metric tons not being fulfilled
Exports: $1.3 billion (f.o.b., 1993)
commodities: diamonds, copper, gold, zinc, lead, uranium, cattle,
processed fish, karakul skins
partners: Switzerland, South Africa, Germany, UK
Imports: $1.2 billion (f.o.b., 1993)
commodities: foodstuffs, petroleum products and fuel, machinery and
equipment
partners: South Africa, Germany, US, Japan
External debt: about $385 million (1994 est.)
Economic aid:
recipient: ODA, $NA
Currency: 1 South African rand (R) = 100 cents
Exchange rates: South African rand (R) per US$1 - 3.6417 (January
1996), 3.6266 (1995), 3.5490 (1994), 3.2636 (1993), 2.8497 (1992),
2.7653 (1991)
Fiscal year: 1 April - 31 March
Transportation
--------------
Railways:
total: 2,382 km (1995)
narrow gauge: 2,382 km 1.067-m gauge; single track
Highways:
total: 54,186 km
paved: 4,056 km
unpaved: 50,130 km (1987 est.)
Ports: Luderitz, Walvis Bay
Merchant marine: none
Airports:
total: 108
with paved runways over 3 047 m: 2
with paved runways 2 438 to 3 047 m: 2
with paved runways 1 524 to 2 437 m: 14
with paved runways 914 to 1 523 m: 3
with paved runways under 914 m: 10
with unpaved runways 2 438 to 3 047 m: 2
with unpaved runways 1 524 to 2 437 m: 17
with unpaved runways 914 to 1 523 m: 58 (1995 est.)
Communications
--------------
Telephones: 89,722 (1992 est.)
Telephone system:
domestic: good urban services; fair rural service; microwave radio
relay links major towns; connections to other populated places are
by open wire
international: NA
Radio broadcast stations: AM 4, FM 40, shortwave 0
Radios: 195,000 (1992 est.)
Television broadcast stations: 3
Televisions: 27,000 (1993 est.)
Defense
-------
Branches: National Defense Force (Army), Police
Manpower availability:
males age 15-49: 377,687
males fit for military service: 224,682 (1996 est.)
Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $64 million, 2.1%
of GDP (FY95/96)
======================================================================
@Nauru
-----
Map
---
Location: 0 32 S, 166 55 E -- Oceania, island in the South Pacific
Ocean, south of the Marshall Islands
Flag
----
Description: blue with a narrow, horizontal, yellow stripe across
the center and a large white 12-pointed star below the stripe on the
hoist side; the star indicates the country's location in relation to
the Equator (the yellow stripe) and the 12 points symbolize the 12
original tribes of Nauru
Geography
---------
Location: Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, south of the
Marshall Islands
Geographic coordinates: 0 32 S, 166 55 E
Map references: Oceania
Area:
total area: 21 sq km
land area: 21 sq km
comparative area: about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries: 0 km
Coastline: 30 km
Maritime claims:
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm
International disputes: none
Climate: tropical; monsoonal; rainy season (November to February)
Terrain: sandy beach rises to fertile ring around raised coral
reefs with phosphate plateau in center
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location along plateau rim 61 m
Natural resources: phosphates
Land use:
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
meadows and pastures: 0%
forest and woodland: 0%
other: 100%
Irrigated land: NA sq km
Environment:
current issues: limited natural fresh water resources, roof storage
tanks collect rainwater; phosphate mining threatens limited
remaining land resources
natural hazards: periodic droughts
international agreements: party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change,
Marine Dumping; signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea
Geographic note: Nauru is one of the three great phosphate rock
islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island)
in Kiribati and Makatea in French Polynesia; only 53 km south of
Equator
People
------
Population: 10,273 (July 1996 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA
65 years and over: NA
Population growth rate: 1.33% (1996 est.)
Birth rate: 18.03 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)
Death rate: 5.1 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)
Net migration rate: 0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: NA male(s)/female
under 15 years: NA male(s)/female
15-64 years: NA male(s)/female
65 years and over: NA male(s)/female
all ages: NA male(s)/female
Infant mortality rate: 40.6 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 66.68 years
male: 64.3 years
female: 69.18 years (1996 est.)
Total fertility rate: 2.08 children born/woman (1996 est.)
Nationality:
noun: Nauruan(s)
adjective: Nauruan
Ethnic divisions: Nauruan 58%, other Pacific Islander 26%, Chinese
8%, European 8%
Religions: Christian (two-thirds Protestant, one-third Roman
Catholic)
Languages: Nauruan (official, a distinct Pacific Island language),
English widely understood, spoken, and used for most government and
commercial purposes
Literacy: NA
Government
----------
Name of country:
conventional long form: Republic of Nauru
conventional short form: Nauru
former: Pleasant Island
Data code: NR
Type of government: republic
Capital: no official capital; government offices in Yaren District
Administrative divisions: 14 districts; Aiwo, Anabar, Anetan,
Anibare, Baiti, Boe, Buada, Denigomodu, Ewa, Ijuw, Meneng, Nibok,
Uaboe, Yaren
Independence: 31 January 1968 (from the Australia-, New Zealand-,
and UK-administered UN trusteeship)
National holiday: Independence Day, 31 January (1968)
Constitution: 29 January 1968
Legal system: acts of the Nauru Parliament and British common law
Suffrage: 20 years of age; universal and compulsory
Executive branch:
chief of state and head of government: President Lagumot HARRIS
(since 22 November 1995) was elected by Parliament; election last
held 18 November 1995 (next to be held NA November 1998)
cabinet: Cabinet was appointed by the president from among members
of Parliament
Legislative branch: unicameral
Parliament: election last held 18 November 1995 (next to be held NA
November 1998); results - percent of vote NA; seats - (18 total)
independents 18
Judicial branch: Supreme Court
Political parties and leaders: none
International organization participation: AsDB, C (special),
ESCAP, ICAO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, ITU, Sparteca,
SPC, SPF, UPU, WHO
Diplomatic representation in US: Nauru does not have an embassy in
the US
US diplomatic representation: the US does not have an embassy in
Nauru; the US Ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Nauru
Flag: blue with a narrow, horizontal, yellow stripe across the
center and a large white 12-pointed star below the stripe on the
hoist side; the star indicates the country's location in relation to
the Equator (the yellow stripe) and the 12 points symbolize the 12
original tribes of Nauru
Economy
-------
Economic overview: Revenues come from the export of phosphates,
the reserves of which are expected to be exhausted by the year 2000.
Phosphates have given Nauruans one of the highest per capita incomes
in the Third World. Few other resources exist, so most necessities
must be imported, including fresh water from Australia. The
rehabilitation of mined land and the replacement of income from
phosphates are serious long-term problems. Substantial amounts of
phosphate income are invested in trust funds to help cushion the
transition. However, dividends from the trusts have declined sharply
since 1990 and the government has been borrowing from the trusts to
finance fiscal deficits.
GDP: purchasing power parity - $100 million (1993 est.)
GDP real growth rate: NA%
GDP per capita: $10,000 (1993 est.)
GDP composition by sector:
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA%
services: NA%
Inflation rate (consumer prices): -3.6% (1993)
Labor force:
by occupation: NA
Unemployment rate: 0%
Budget:
revenues: $23.8 million
expenditures: $69.2 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY92/93)
Industries: phosphate mining, financial services, coconut products
Industrial production growth rate: NA%
Electricity:
capacity: 14,000 kW
production: 30 million kWh
consumption per capita: 3,036 kWh (1993)
Agriculture: coconuts predominate
Exports: $25.3 million (f.o.b., 1991)
commodities: phosphates
partners: Australia, NZ
Imports: $21.1 million (c.i.f., 1991)
commodities: food, fuel, manufactures, building materials, machinery
partners: Australia, UK, NZ, Japan
External debt: $33.3 million
Economic aid:
recipient: ODA, $NA
Currency: 1 Australian dollar ($A) = 100 cents
Exchange rates: Australian dollars ($A) per US$1 - 1.3477 (January
1996), 1.3486 (1995), 1.3667 (1994), 1.4704 (1993), 1.3600 (1992),
1.2834 (1991)
Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June
Transportation
--------------
Railways:
total: 3.9 km; note - used to haul phosphates from the center of the
island to processing facilities on the southwest coast
Highways:
total: 27 km
paved: 21 km
unpaved: 6 km (1986 est.)
Ports: Nauru
Merchant marine: none
Airports:
total: 1
with paved runways 1 524 to 2 437 m: 1 (1995 est.)
Communications
--------------
Telephones: 2,000 (1989 est.)
Telephone system: adequate local and international radiotelephone
communications provided via Australian facilities
domestic: NA
international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Radio broadcast stations: AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0
Radios: 4,000 (1993 est.)
Television broadcast stations: 0 (1986 est.)
Televisions: NA
Defense
-------
Branches: no regular armed forces; Directorate of the Nauru Police
Force
Manpower availability:
males age 15-49: NA
males fit for military service: NA
Defense expenditures: $NA, NA% of GDP
======================================================================
@Navassa Island
--------------
(territory of the US)
Map
---
Location: 18 25 N, 75 02 W -- Caribbean, island in the Caribbean
Sea, about one-fourth of the way from Haiti to Jamaica
Flag
----
Description: the flag of the US is used
Geography
---------
Location: Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, about one-fourth
of the way from Haiti to Jamaica
Geographic coordinates: 18 25 N, 75 02 W
Map references: Central America and the Caribbean
Area:
total area: 5.2 sq km
land area: 5.2 sq km
comparative area: about nine times the size of The Mall in
Washington, DC
Land boundaries: 0 km
Coastline: 8 km
Maritime claims:
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm
International disputes: claimed by Haiti
Climate: marine, tropical
Terrain: raised coral and limestone plateau, flat to undulating;
ringed by vertical white cliffs (9 to 15 meters high)
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on southwest side 77 m
Natural resources: guano
Land use:
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0%
meadows and pastures: 10%
forest and woodland: 0%
other: 90%
Irrigated land: 0 sq km
Environment:
current issues: NA
natural hazards: NA
international agreements: NA
Geographic note: strategic location 160 km south of the US Naval
Base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba; mostly exposed rock, but enough
grassland to support goat herds; dense stands of fig-like trees,
scattered cactus
People
------
Population: uninhabited; note - transient Haitian fishermen and
others camp on the island
Government
----------
Name of country:
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Navassa Island
Data code: BQ
Type of government: unincorporated territory of the US
administered by the US Coast Guard
Capital: none; administered from Washington, DC
Flag: the flag of the US is used
Economy
-------
Economic overview: no economic activity
Transportation
--------------
Ports: none; offshore anchorage only
Defense
-------
Defense note: defense is the responsibility of the US
======================================================================
@Nepal
-----
Map
---
Location: 28 00 N, 84 00 E -- Southern Asia, between China and
India
Flag
----
Description: red with a blue border around the unique shape of two
overlapping right triangles; the smaller, upper triangle bears a
white stylized moon and the larger, lower triangle bears a white
12-pointed sun
Geography
---------
Location: Southern Asia, between China and India
Geographic coordinates: 28 00 N, 84 00 E
Map references: Asia
Area:
total area: 140,800 sq km
land area: 136,800 sq km
comparative area: slightly larger than Arkansas
Land boundaries:
total: 2,926 km
border countries: China 1,236 km, India 1,690 km
Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims: none (landlocked)
International disputes: none
Climate: varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to
subtropical summers and mild winters in south
Terrain: Terai or flat river plain of the Ganges in south, central
hill region, rugged Himalayas in north
lowest point: Kanchan Kalan 70 m
highest point: Mount Everest 8,848 m
Natural resources: quartz, water, timber, hydropower potential,
scenic beauty, small deposits of lignite, copper, cobalt, iron ore
Land use:
arable land: 17%
permanent crops: 0%
meadows and pastures: 13%
forest and woodland: 33%
other: 37%
Irrigated land: 9,430 sq km (1989)
Environment:
current issues: the almost total dependence on wood for fuel and
cutting down trees to expand agricultural land without replanting
has resulted in widespread deforestation; soil erosion; water
pollution (use of contaminated water presents human health risks)
natural hazards: severe thunderstorms, flooding, landslides,
drought, and famine depending on the timing, intensity, and duration
of the summer monsoons
international agreements: party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change,
Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection,
Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands; signed, but not ratified -
Desertification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life
Conservation
Geographic note: landlocked; strategic location between China and
India; contains eight of world's 10 highest peaks
People
------
Population: 22,094,033 (July 1996 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 42% (male 4,776,245; female 4,563,000)
15-64 years: 55% (male 6,172,821; female 5,945,626)
65 years and over: 3% (male 320,350; female 315,991) (July 1996 est.)
Population growth rate: 2.45% (1996 est.)
Birth rate: 37 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)
Death rate: 12.56 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)
Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 1.01 male(s)/female
all ages: 1.04 male(s)/female (1996 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 79 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 53.63 years
male: 53.35 years
female: 53.93 years (1996 est.)
Total fertility rate: 5.06 children born/woman (1996 est.)
Nationality:
noun: Nepalese (singular and plural)
adjective: Nepalese
Ethnic divisions: Newars, Indians, Tibetans, Gurungs, Magars,
Tamangs, Bhotias, Rais, Limbus, Sherpas