Sepulchral vase, with relief. A young warrior, wearing chiton, shield
and helmet, clasps the hand of an old man. Behind the man stands a
woman, who makes a gesture with her right hand.
Inscribed with an elegiac inscription of four lines of which only the
terminations remain.--_Athens?_ _Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 2 feet 4-1/4 inches; diameter, 1 foot
3-1/2 inches. _Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 32, fig. 1; _Synopsis_ No.
122 (167); Ellis, _Elgin Marbles_, II., p. 161; _C.I.G._, 1041;
_C.I.A._, II., 4312; _Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, CXXXII.
[Sidenote: =691.=]
Sepulchral lekythos with relief. A young warrior, wearing a cuirass
over a short tunic, a chlamys and a helmet, clasps the hand of a
seated woman. He appears to hold a scroll in his left hand. Behind him
is an attendant, holding a large shield.--_Athens?_ _Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 2 feet 6 inches; diameter, 1 foot 6
inches. _Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 33, fig. 3; _Synopsis_ No. 195
(228); Ellis, _Elgin Marbles_, II., p. 161.
[Sidenote: =692.=]
Sepulchral lekythos with relief. An armed warrior, Sosippos, who wears
a tunic, cuirass, and chlamys, clasps the hand of a seated woman, who,
with her left hand clasps the right hand of a small girl standing at
her knee. Behind the warrior is a boy carrying a large shield; behind
the seated figure is a woman standing with her right hand raised to
her chin.
Inscribed: [Greek: Sosippos].--_Athens?_ _Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 2 feet; diameter, 11 inches. Dodwell,
_Tour_, I., p. 455; _Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 31, fig. 3;
_Synopsis_ No. 230 (239); Ellis, _Elgin Marbles_, II., p. 165;
_C.I.G._, 1008; _C.I.A._, II., 4156; _Greek Inscriptions in Brit.
Mus._, CXXVII.
[Sidenote: =693.=]
Stele, with a sepulchral lekythos in relief, supported by a winged
Sphinx. On the vase is a relief representing two warriors, fully
armed, standing with hands clasped. (Pl. xi., fig. 1.)
Inscribed: [Greek: Archiades Hagn(o)usios, Polemonikos
Athmoneus]--Archiades of Hagnus; Polemonicos of Athmonon.--_Formerly
in the Guilford Collection. Presented by G. Plucknett, Esq., 1886._
Pentelic marble; height, 2 feet 11-1/2 inches width, 1 foot 1
inch. _C.I.G._, 552; _C.I.A._, II., 1700.
[Sidenote: =694.=]
Stele, with sepulchral relief. A seated woman, Xeno, clasps the hand
of a girl, Cleo, who stands before her. Behind her, a bearded man,
Hermodoros, leans on his staff and looks downwards. The stele is
surmounted by a rounded top as if for a palmette, which may have been
painted.
Inscribed: [Greek: Xeno, Hermodoros, Kleo].--_Athens?_--_Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 2 feet 1 inch; width, 1 foot 2-1/2
inches. _Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 30, fig. 4; _Synopsis_ No. 373
(229); _C.I.G._, 981; _C.I.A._, II., 4042; _Greek Inscriptions in
Brit. Mus._, CXXIV.
[Sidenote: =695.=]
Sepulchral lekythos with relief. A youth, Polystratos, clasps the hand
of a woman, Archagora, who is seated on a chair. A woman, Pithyllis,
is seen in the background between these two figures. She stands in an
attitude of grief, with her head bowed and her right hand raised to
her veil.
Inscribed: [Greek: Archagora, Pithyllis, Polystratos].--_Athens?_
_Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 1 foot 8 inches; diameter, 11 inches.
Dodwell, _Tour_, I., p. 455; _Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 31, fig. 4;
_Synopsis_, No. 182 (274); Ellis, _Elgin Marbles_, II., p. 165;
_C.I.G._, 996; _C.I.A._, II., 3524; _Greek Inscriptions in Brit.
Mus._, CXII.
[Sidenote: =696.=]
Sepulchral lekythos with relief. A bearded man stands before a
woman seated on a chair and clasps her hand. There is no trace of an
inscription.--_Athens?_ _Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 2 feet 11-1/2 inches; diameter, 11
inches. _Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 33, fig. 1; _Synopsis_ No. 132
(A. 50); Ellis, _Elgin Marbles_, II., p. 164.
[Sidenote: =697.=]
Sepulchral lekythos with relief. A bearded man stands before a woman
seated on a chair.
Inscribed above the head of the woman: [Greek: Ada]. The name of
the man may have been inscribed originally, but it is now
obliterated.--_Athens?_ _Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 1 foot 10-1/2 inches; diameter, 1 foot.
_Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 32, fig. 2; _Synopsis_ No. 188 (110);
_Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._ CXI.; _C.I.A._, II., 3438.
[Sidenote: =698.=]
Sepulchral lekythos with relief. A man, Alkimachos, stands before
a seated woman, Hedyle, and clasps her hand. A girl stands behind
Hedyle, and another girl of a smaller size stands behind Alkimachos.
Inscribed: [Greek: Hedyle, Alkimachos].--_Probably from Athens._ _From
the Earl of Belmore's Collection_, 1842.
Pentelic marble; height, 1 foot 5 inches; diameter, 1 foot 1 inch.
_Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, CXVIII.; _C.I.A._, II., 3761.
[Sidenote: =699.=]
Sepulchral lekythos with relief, much defaced. A woman seated on a
chair clasps the hand of a woman standing before her. Behind the
chair is a girl holding a box in her left hand.--_From a store at
Portsmouth._ _Perhaps from Smyrna._
Marble; height, 1 foot 7 inches; diameter, 1 foot.
[Sidenote: =700.=]
Fragment of sepulchral relief. A youth standing clasps the hand of a
bearded man, seated on a chair. Only the upper parts are preserved of
both figures, together with the right side of the relief.--_Athens?_
_Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 6 inches; width, 10-1/2 inches.
_Synopsis_, No. 423.
[Sidenote: =701.=]
Fragment of sepulchral relief. A woman, seated on a chair, clasps the
hand of a woman standing before her. Her left hand appears to have
been raised to her veil. The upper parts of both figures are wanting,
and also the left side of the relief. A nude boy with an uncertain
object in his hands stands in the right corner.
Pentelic marble? Height, 1 foot; width, 11 inches.
[Sidenote: =702.=]
A woman seated to the right, on a stool, holds her veil with the left
hand, and clasps the arm of a boy standing before her. Behind the boy,
and partly embracing him, stands a woman, who holds her veil with her
right hand. On the left, behind the seated figure is a woman standing
with the left hand raised to her cheek, and with the right hand
supporting the left elbow. At the foot of the seat are two small
female figures, one standing and one sitting. These six figures are in
high relief. In the background are two men confronted in low relief;
one is bearded. Two other heads also appear to have been inserted,
and to have been afterwards obliterated. The relief is bounded by two
pilasters and an architrave, with roof tiles above.
Inscribed: [Greek: Sopatra Pausaniou. Antimachos Pausaniou. Philopatra
Mi[r]ylou. Pausanias Andriskou.] Sopatra and Antimachos are the
children of Pausanias and Philopatra.--_Pella._
Fine-grained white marble; height, 4 feet; width, 2 feet 6 inches.
_Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, CLXXII.
[Sidenote: =703.=]
An elderly bearded man, seated, to the left, clasps the hand of an old
man standing before him. Both figures appear to be portraits. Small
figures of boys stand at the right and left. The boy on the left holds
an uncertain object. Above are a pediment with acroteria, and
two olive wreaths, and the inscriptions [Greek: Ho demos Demoklen
Amphilochou], [Greek: Ho demos Demoklen Demokleous], recording honorary decrees
to Democles, son of Amphilochos, and Democles, son of Democles. Below
is a metrical epitaph, in eight lines:
[Greek:
Ton pinyton kata panta kai exochon en polietais
anera geral(e)ou termat' echonta biou
Aideo nychioio melas hypedexato kolpos
eusebeon th' hosien eunasen es klisien.
mnema d' apophthimenoio para trechean atarpon
touto pais kedne teuxe syn eunetidi.
xeine, sy d' aeisas Demokleos hyiea chairein
Demoklea steichois ablabes ichnos echon.]
--_Smyrna._ _Presented by M. Duane and T. Tyrwhitt, Esqs., 1772._
Bluish Greek marble; height, 4 feet 5 inches; width, 1 foot
8-1/2 inches. Montfaucon, _Ant. Expl. Suppl._, V., p. 25;
_Archaeologia_, III., pl. 11, fig. 2; _C.I.G._, 3256; Kaibel, 237.
[Sidenote: =704.=]
A man, Exakestes, seated, clasps the hand of his wife, Metreis,
standing before him. She holds a spindle in her left hand. In the
right and left corners of the relief are small figures of a boy and
girl. The girl holds a casket. In the background of the relief are
a stele surmounted by two cornucopiae, and a candelabrum. Above,
two wreaths and the honorary inscription, [Greek: Ho demos Exakesten
Androboulou. Ho demos Metrein Hermippou, Exakestou de gynaika].
The relief is surmounted by a pediment with acroteria and a
rosette.--_Perhaps from Smyrna._ _Townley Coll._
Greek marble; height, 2 feet 5-1/2 inches; width, 1 foot 4-1/2
inches. _Mus. Marbles_, X., pl. 43; _C.I.G._, 3232; Ellis,
_Townley Gallery_, II., p. 165; Wolters, No. 1806. This relief was
once in the possession of Dr. Richard Mead (_Mus. Meadianum_, Pars
alt., 1759, p. 239).
[Sidenote: =705.=]
A woman seated clasps the hand of a young man who stands before her,
placing his left hand on her shoulder. An older man stands on the
left. The stele is surmounted by a pediment.
Greek marble; height, 2 feet 2-1/4 inches; width, 1 foot 2 inches.
[Sidenote: =706.=]
A woman, Laodike (?), seated, clasps the hand of a youth standing
before her. The relief is crowned by a pediment. A nearly illegible
inscription appears to read: [Greek: Laodike Her[ophilou?] ...
chaire].
Pentelic marble; height, 2 feet 3-1/4 inches; width, 1 foot 2
inches.
[Sidenote: =707.=]
A woman clasps the hand of a warrior, with short tunic, cloak and
shield. On the left a second warrior, somewhat smaller, but similarly
attired. Above is a pediment with acroteria and rosettes.--_Kertch._
Limestone; height, 2 feet 4 inches; width, 1 foot 7 inches.
[Sidenote: =708.=]
Two men, one bearded and the other a youth, stand clasping hands. They
are father and son, each being named Bakchios. Above is a pediment
with acroteria and rosettes.
Inscribed: [Greek: Bakchie Bageos kai hyie Bakchie chairete].
Limestone; height, 2 feet 11-3/4 inches; width, 1 foot 8-3/4
inches. _Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, CLXXXIV.; Latyschev,
II., 78.
[Sidenote: =709.=]
A man and woman stand, clasping hands. A boy on the right. Above is a
pediment with acroteria and rosettes.
Inscribed: [Greek: Gaios Gaiou kai meter Basili[nd]ina
chairete].--_Kertch._
Limestone; height, 2 feet 6-1/2 inches; width, 1 foot 7-1/4
inches. _Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, CLXXXVI.; Latyschev,
II., 93.
[Sidenote: =710.=]
Circular pedestal or altar on a square plinth, on one side of which
is a sepulchral relief. A man stands on the right, clasping the right
hand of a seated woman, probably his wife. She holds her veil with
her left hand. Behind the woman stands Hermes Psychopompos, about
to conduct her shade to Hades. He has petasos, talaria, chlamys and
caduceus. On the right is another male figure standing, with folded
hands, and beyond is what appears to be an altar. The altar is
rectangular, and is surmounted by a conical object, round which a
serpent is twined. By the side of the altar is the mutilated figure
of a boy. On the extreme left behind Hermes is a sundial, to which
his hand is pointing. At the side of the chair stands a draped female
attendant of diminutive stature. This figure is much defaced, and the
lower part is broken away. The head of this figure has been broken
off, and the faces and general surface of all the figures are much
eaten away by exposure to weather. This relief occupies about a third
of the circle of the pedestal, the remainder being ornamented by
festoons of ivy suspended between three bulls' heads. In the centre of
the top of the pedestal is a round hole, as if to receive a dowel, and
the surface of the marble seems prepared for a joint. The whole may
have served as a pedestal for a statue.--_Obtained from Greece by the
fourth Earl of Aberdeen, and presented by the fifth Earl of Aberdeen,
1861._
Greek marble; height, 3 feet 7 inches; diameter, 2 feet 9 inches.
_Guide to Graeco-Roman Sculptures_, Part II., No. 75.
RELIEFS REPRESENTING THE SEPULCHRAL BANQUET.
For a discussion of the interpretation of this class of reliefs, see
above, p. 298.
[Sidenote: =711.=]
Cast of a sepulchral relief, sometimes known as the "Death of
Socrates." A man, bearded, reclines on a couch, with a bowl in his
right hand, held out as if to pour a libation. A woman seated on a
stool by the foot of the couch, extends her hands. On the right is a
man, draped and bearded, and on the left a nude youth who stands with
a jug by a large crater. Below the couch is a dog gnawing a bone. The
original, of white marble, was found at _the Piraeus_ in 1838, and is
now in the _National Museum at Athens_.
Height, 1 foot 7-1/2 inches; width, 2 feet 1 inch. [Greek:
Ephemeris], 1839, No. 269; Le Bas, _Mon. Fig._, pl. 52;
Pervanoglu, _Familienmahl_, p. 24, No. 60; Mitchell, p. 504;
Wolters, No. 1052; Roscher, _Lexicon_, p. 2574.
[Sidenote: =712.=]
Relief with banquet. Two male figures recline together on a couch. One
is a bearded man, the other is a youth. The man holds a bowl in his
left hand and places his right hand on the shoulder of the youth
who turns his head towards him. Before the couch is a table with
provisions. On the right is a nude youth with a jug and bowl. On the
left is a youth, wearing tunic and chlamys, who leads a horse. The
relief is bounded by pilasters and an architrave.
On the lower margin is the modern inscription _Aesculapio Tarentino
Salenius Arcas_, added by some person who supposed that the relief
was a votive tablet to Aesculapius. The inscription, however, makes
it probable that the relief was obtained at Tarentum. The type of the
horse also agrees well with that on the coins of Tarentum, of about
the close of the fourth century, B.C. The relief is perhaps erected to
a father and two sons. It is also possible that the two figures of the
youth represent the same person, and that only two persons in all are
here commemorated.--_Presented by W. R. Hamilton, Esq., 1845._
Marble, probably Pentelic; height, 1 foot 10-1/2 inches; width,
2 feet 9 inches. The upper right-hand corner is restored. P.
Gardner, _Journ. of Hellen. Studies_, V., p. 105, and plate;
Wolters, No. 1054; Roscher, _Lexicon_, p. 2575.
[Sidenote: =713.=]
Relief with banquet, serpent, and sacrifice. Two men recline on a
couch. Both have cups in their left hands. One holds up a rhyton
terminating in a ram's head; the other stretches out his right hand to
a long table which stands before the couch. A woman, seated on the end
of the couch, holds a cup in her left hand and stretches out her right
hand to the table. Below the table is a coiled serpent. On the left
of the woman is a nude youth holding up a rhyton. Beyond is a square
altar, to which a boy, who is now almost obliterated, leads a pig. He
holds a bowl in his left hand. On the left are four adult persons and
two infants, and above, the head of a horse in a frame. The relief
is bounded by two pilasters surmounted by an entablature, above which
roof-tiles are slightly indicated.--_Townley Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 1 foot 2 inches; width, 2 feet 2 inches.
[Sidenote: =714.=]
Fragment of relief with banquet and sacrifice. On the right is part of
the figure of a woman, who is seated at the foot of a couch, most of
which is now lost. Before her is part of a table. At the foot of the
couch is an altar which is approached by a procession of three adult
persons and four children, one of whom leads a ram. Above, a horse's
head is seen at a window. The relief is bounded by pilasters and
an entablature, above which roof-tiles are shown.--_Athens?_ _Elgin
Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 1 foot 3 inches; width, 1 foot 1/2 inch.
_Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 35, fig. 1; _Synopsis_, No. 279 (94);
Welcker, _Alte Denkmaeler_, II., p. 273; cf. Welcker, _loc. cit._,
II., pl. 13, No. 24; Pervanoglu, _Familienmahl_, p. 44, No. 174.
[Sidenote: =715.=]
Fragment of relief, which may be supposed to have been similar to the
preceding. Sacrificial procession, including a man, of whom but little
remains, a woman, two children, and one draped figure, whose
sex cannot be distinguished, carrying a large vessel on the
head.--_Athens?_ _Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 1 foot 4-3/4 inches; width, 9-1/2 inches.
_Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 36, fig. 3; _Synopsis_, No. 189 (284);
_Guide to Elgin Room_, Part II., No. F. 6.
[Sidenote: =716.=]
Relief with banquet and sacrifice. A male figure, who is half draped,
reclines on a couch with a bowl in his right hand. He wears a _polos_
and in type resembles a divinity. Before him is a table with food.
A woman is seated on the foot of the couch and has a cup in her left
hand. On the right a youth draws wine from a crater. On the left a
man, woman, and boy approach as worshippers. The relief is bounded
by two pilasters, surmounted by an entablature, above which are
roof-tiles.--_Townley Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 9-1/2 inches; width, 1 foot 1-3/4 inches.
Ellis, _Townley Gallery_, II., p. 167; Welcker, _Alte Denkmaeler_,
II. p. 278.
[Sidenote: =717.=]
Relief with banquet and sacrifice. A male figure, half draped and
wearing a _polos_ as in the last relief, reclines on a couch. He has
a cup in the left hand and a rhyton in the right hand. Before him is
a table with food. A woman is seated at the foot of the couch, with a
cup in her left hand. On the left a boy stands beside a jar of wine,
which is raised on a pedestal. At the left a woman, and two smaller
figures approach as worshippers. Above, the head of a horse is seen
looking through an opening. The relief is bounded by two pilasters,
surmounted by an entablature, above which are roof-tiles.--
_Halicarnassos._ _Presented by H.M. Sultan Abdul Medjid to Viscount
Stratford de Redcliffe, and by him presented to the British Museum._
Marble; height, 10 inches; width, 1 foot 1 inch.
[Sidenote: =718.=]
Fragment of relief. A nude male figure who seems to be wearing a
Phrygian cap, and holds some object in his right hand, stands with
his left hand over an altar. On the right side of the altar was a male
figure making a libation. Only the right hand with the saucer, and the
right foot remain. On the left a bearded man stands, with his right
hand raised.--_Athens?_ _Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 1 foot 6 inches; width, 1 foot 3 inches.
_Synopsis_, No. 380 (101); _Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 37, fig. 1.
[Sidenote: =719.=]
Group of persons about to sacrifice; from the left side of a
sepulchral relief. On the right of the fragment is a man with a large
amphora, turned to the right. Behind him are two men and two women,
all standing as worshippers.--_Mytilene._
Marble; height, 10 inches; width, 11 inches. Conze, _Lesbos_, p.
10, Note 3, No. 1.
[Sidenote: =720.=]
Fragment of relief with banquet and serpent. A man reclines on a couch
and pours a libation from a bowl. Before the couch is a table with
food. A serpent is coiled beneath the table and stretches its head
towards the bowl. On the left is the hand holding a casket (_pyxis_)
of a woman, who had been seated at the foot of the couch. The relief
is bounded by pilasters, an entablature and a roof.
Marble; height, 1 foot 1 inch; width, 9 inches.
[Sidenote: =721.=]
Relief with a female figure of the type of the banquet reliefs. A
woman seated, wearing a lofty head-dress (_polos_), holds an ivy-leaf
fan in her left hand, and with the right hand appears to be offering a
cup to a serpent.--_Athens?_ _Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 2 feet 3-1/2 inches; width, 1 foot 5-3/4
inches. _Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 38, fig. 3; _Synopsis_, No. 278
(238); Ellis, _Elgin Marbles_, II., p. 127, No. 278.
[Sidenote: =722.=]
Relief with banquet. A man reclines on a couch with a cup in his left
hand. Before him is a table with food. A woman is seated near the foot
of the couch with her left hand raised to her veil. On the right is a
boy in a short tunic, perhaps holding a kyathos. On the left is a
girl who is standing, and seems to be holding a vase. The relief is
surmounted by a pediment.
Inscribed: [Greek: Hermias Athanionos]. Hermias, son of
Athenion.--_Athens._ _Strangford Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 1 foot 5 inches; width, 10 inches. _Greek
Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, CXVI.; _Arch. Anzeiger_, 1864, p.
164*; Pervanoglu, _Familienmahl_, p. 15, No. 5.
[Sidenote: =723.=]
Relief with banquet. A man reclines on a couch, with a bowl in his
left hand; with the right hand he holds a wreath on his head. Before
him is a table with food. The legs of the table terminate above in the
form of swans' heads. Above is an olive wreath, containing the words
[Greek: Ho demos]; also a pediment, having acroteria, and containing a
rosette.
Inscribed:
[Greek:
Ho demos Lenaion Artemidorou.
kai to prin en polemois teron pyrgon, parodita,
kai nyn tereso, hos dynamai, nekys on.]
The 'tower' which Lenaios undertakes to defend in death has been
conjectured to be the Dipylon gate at Athens, whence the relief was
probably obtained.
Bluish Greek marble; height, 3 feet 11-1/2 inches; width, 1 foot 7
inches. _Rhein. Mus. N.F._ 1848, p. 82; Kaibel, 111.
[Sidenote: =724.=]
Sculptured pedestal. On the front is a relief of a banquet. A man
reclines on a couch, with a table of food before him. He holds a bowl
in his left hand, and clasps with his right hand the hand of a woman
who is seated at the foot of the couch. A boy stands on the left. A
wreath is carved on the pilaster to the right of the relief, which
probably contained the inscription: [Greek: Ho demos].
Inscribed: [Greek: Hellanion Tarseus], Hellanion of Tarsus. On the
right and left ends the pedestal is adorned with pediments. Above,
it is roughly worked to fit the plinth of a statue.--_Xanthos?_
_Presented by J. Scott Tucker, Esq., R.N._
Bluish-grey marble; height, 2 feet 1/4 inch; width, 2 feet
7 inches. _Arch. Anzeiger_, 1851, p. 128; Pervanoglu,
_Familienmahl_, p. 34, No. 113.
[Sidenote: =725.=]
Fragment of relief, with banquet. The upper half is wanting. A man
reclines on a couch, and holds a bowl and a rhyton (?), which were
perhaps of bronze attached, in the left and right hands respectively.
A woman sits on the end of the couch. On the right is a diminutive
male figure with the hands clasped. On the left is a girl, who stands
leaning against the foot of the couch, and holds an ivy-leaf fan in
her left hand.--_Halicarnassos._
Marble; height, 1 foot 2 inches; width, 2 feet.
[Sidenote: =726.=]
Relief with banquet and serpent. A man fully draped, reclines on a
couch, with a bowl in his left hand. Before the couch is a table with
provisions. A woman is seated on a stool by the foot of the couch. In
her left hand she extends a bowl from which a serpent is drinking.
The serpent is coiled about the trunk of a tree. On the right is a
diminutive male figure standing by a crater; on the left is a female
figure holding a box.--_Found in a store at Portsmouth._ _Probably
from Smyrna._
Bluish marble; height, 1 foot 10-1/2 inches; width, 1 foot 6
inches.
[Sidenote: =727.=]
Fragment of a relief with banquet and serpent. A man reclines on a
couch holding a bowl in his left hand. A woman is seated on a chair
by the head of the couch. A snake issues from under the chair and
approaches the woman. One arm of the chair is supported by a figure of
a Sphinx. The heads of both figures are wanting of _Mytilene_.
Marble; height, 11 inches; width, 10-1/2 inches. Conze, _Lesbos_,
p. 10, Note 3, No. 3.
[Sidenote: =728.=]
Relief with banquet and serpent. A figure, apparently that of a man,
reclines on a couch. He has long hair, and a closely-fitting chiton,
and holds a cup in his left hand. Before him is a table with food,
towards which he extends his right hand. A woman is seated on the foot
of the couch, and gives drink from a bowl to a serpent. On the right a
boy has drawn wine from a crater with a jug, and is offering a bowl
to the reclining figure. Behind is a stair-like series of shelves, on
which stand several vessels. On the left a woman raises her right hand
with a gesture as of adoration. Above, a horse's head is seen looking
through an opening. The relief is bounded by two Ionic columns
surmounted by a flat arch.--_Naucratis._ _Presented by the Egypt
Exploration Fund, 1886._
Limestone, with traces of red paint; height, 1 foot 3 inches;
width 1 foot 8-1/2 inches. Gardner, _Naukratis_, II., p. 22.
[Sidenote: =729.=]
Fragment of relief, with banquet and serpent. The fragment contains
the upper part of a male figure, wearing a polos, reclining on a
couch, holding a cup in the left hand, and having a table before him.
A snake is coiled about one leg of the table.--_Mytilene._
Marble; height, 1 foot 3/4 inch; width, 7 inches. Conze, _Lesbos_,
p. 10, Note 3, No. 2.
[Sidenote: =730.=]
Fragment of relief, with banquet. A male figure reclines on a couch.
Before him is a table with food. He has a rhyton in his right hand and
a cup in his left hand.
Marble; height, 11 inches; width, 10 inches.
[Sidenote: =731.=]
Fragment of relief with banquet. A male figure reclines on a couch
between two columns, with a bowl in his right hand. A table with cups
stands before the couch.--_Thasos._ _Strangford Coll._
Marble; height, 9 inches; width, 1 foot 2 inches.
[Sidenote: =732.=]
Fragment of relief with banquet. A male figure, whose legs alone are
preserved, reclines on a couch. Before him is a table with food. A
woman, whose lower limbs are alone preserved, is seated on a chair
at the foot of the couch. A small draped figure of a youth is on the
right, and there are remains of the figure of a girl on the left.
Marble; height, 1 foot 7 inches; width, 2 feet 6 inches.
[Sidenote: =733.=]
Relief with banquet. A man, bearded, reclines on a couch, and holds up
a rhyton in his right hand. Before him is a table with food. A woman
is seated on the couch, and raises with the left hand a fold of her
peplos. On the left a boy draws wine from a large crater. The head of
a horse is seen at an opening. A round shield hangs on the wall. The
relief is bounded by two pilasters and an entablature.--_Excavated by
Mr. Wood at Ephesus._
Ephesian marble; height, 1 foot 7-1/2 inches; width, 2 feet 2-1/2
inches.
[Sidenote: =734.=]
Relief with banquet. A portrait figure of an old man, whose head is
bound with a taenia, reclines on a couch with a two-handled cup in
his left hand. Before him is a table with pomegranate fruits and other
food. A portrait figure of a woman is seated near the foot of the
couch, with her left hand raised to her veil. A boy in a short tunic
stands on the right, and holds a kyathos for drawing wine; a rhyton
and a vase are seen above his head. A girl kneels on the left
below the seat of the woman; a dog lies between the legs of the
table.--_Townley Coll._
Greek marble; high relief. The upper part is wanting. Height 1
foot 8-1/2 inches; width, 1 foot 6 inches. _Mus. Marbles_, X., pl.
49, fig. 2.
[Sidenote: =735.=]
Relief with banquet. A male figure reclines on a couch, before which
is a table with provisions. A woman is seated on a stool at the foot
of the couch with her hand raised to her chin.
Inscribed: [Greek: ....nou chaire].--_Cyzicus._ _Presented by A. van
Branteghem, Esq., 1890._
Marble; height, 10-1/2 inches; width, 9-1/2 inches. _Rev. Arch._,
1891, p. 12, No. 4.
[Sidenote: =736.=]
Relief with banquet. Three elderly male figures recline on a long
couch, wearing diadems and holding large bowls in their left hands.
Before them is a table with two large pomegranates and a basket of
fruit. At each end of the couch is a seated woman. The head is lost of
the woman on the left. At the left angle in low relief is a diminutive
figure of a girl, with a basket (_calathos_); at the right angle is
a diminutive figure of a boy, with a crater. The relief is bounded
by pilasters and an entablature. Below is the hull of a vessel in low
relief, and the metrical epitaph of Dionysodoros, son of Pytheas.
[Greek:
Dionysodorou tou Pytheou.
a. Dionysodore, chaire; b. kai sy ge, o phile,
to nyn ech[on g]einoske me hode keimenon,
kalon kai agathon kai kalos ezokota,
L]imnagene gegonota, pasi prosphil[e.]
--_Brought from Cyzicus, in 1830, by H.M.S. Blonde._ _Found in 1880 in
a store at Portsmouth._
Bluish Greek marble; height, 2 feet 5-1/2 inches; width, 2 feet 8
inches. _C.I.G._, 3684; Kaibel, 245; Wolters, _Rhein. Mus. N.F._,
1886, p. 346.
[Sidenote: =737.=]
Late relief with banquet. A man and woman recline on a couch. Before
them is a table with food. The man puts his right arm round the neck
of the woman, who appears to be holding a cup, or a wreath. On the
left a woman is seated on a stool; beneath the couch are a child and
a girl (the upper part alone seen), who holds a dish. The relief is
bounded by two Doric columns and a pediment. The monument was erected
by one Alexander for his mother, his wife Philippa, and himself.
Penalties are prescribed for persons violating the tomb.
Inscribed: [Greek: Alexandros Alexandrou Beithynieu[s] kai Neikomedeus
zon heauto kateskeuas[a] to mnemeion kai te metri mou kai te symbio
Philippa Pontianou. kai boulome meta to tethenai hemas eis ten kamaran
medena heteron anoixe; ei de para tauta poiesei dosei is ton
phiskon den. b,ph (2,500) kai is ten polin den. b,ph (2,500).
chairete.]--_Smyrna._ _Presented by M. Duane and T. Tyrwhitt, Esqs.,
1772._
Marble; height, 2 feet 9 inches; width, 1 foot 8 inches.
_Archaeologia_, III., pl. 11, fig. 3; _C.I.G._, 3265; Pervanoglu,
_Familienmahl_, p. 45, No. 180.
[Sidenote: =738.=]
Sepulchral relief. Two men recline on a couch; a woman is seated on
a stool at the head of the couch. The inscribed metrical epitaph, in
which one Cassiodoros relates his death at the age of twenty-four, has
no appropriateness to the relief.
[Greek:
Nymphidiou thalamoio lipon dyspenthea kosmon
kai goneon oik[t]ron dakryoenta domon
keimai es [au]chmerous kai alampeas Aidos eunas
eikos[i t]essar' echon Kassiodoros ete;
ap[roi]des nous[o]s me synerpase; mounoeti[n de
n]ep[i]achon kouren lipo hyp' eelion.]--_Antioch?_
Marble; height, 1 foot 8 inches; width, 1 foot 3 inches.
Drummond's _Travels_ (1754), pl. facing p. 229, fig. 15 (very
rudely drawn), and p. 237; _C.I.G._, 4466; Kaibel, 431. In
Drummond's time the stone was "in the Library of the right
worshipful the Levant Company" at Aleppo.
[Sidenote: =739.=]
Stele with reliefs in two panels. In the upper panel is a figure on
a couch holding a bunch of grapes. The upper part of the figure is
wanting. Before the couch are a table with food and three attendant
male figures.
In the lower panel is a woman seated with a boy standing beside
her. Most of these two figures is wanting. In front are two warriors
standing, with shields and spears.--_Kertch._
Limestone; height, 3 feet; width, 1 foot 9 inches. For the
collection of sculptures from Kertch, see above, p. 8.
[Sidenote: =740.=]
Relief with banquet. A draped figure, now for the most part lost,
reclines on a very lofty couch, holding a two-handled cup in the left
hand. On the left are the knees and legs of a woman seated on a lofty
throne, with an arm supported by a series of arches. Before the couch
is a table with vessels of wine. A boy stands on a stool, and holds
a jug in his hands. On the right is an attendant. On the left is a
female figure holding a vase, and a smaller figure.
Inscribed: [Greek: ... de hyie Androne[ik]ou chaire]. Hail! ... son of
Andronicos.--_Kertch._
Limestone; height, 2 feet 7 inches; width, 2 feet 7 inches. _Greek
Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, CLXXXII.; Latyschev, II., 212.
[Sidenote: =741.=]
Lower part of relief with banquet, of very rude style. A male figure
reclines to the right on a couch, holding a two-handled cup in the
right hand. Before him is a table, with vessels of wine. At the end of
the couch a woman is seated, enthroned, holding a veil with her left
hand. A boy with an oinochoe stands on the right by the table. A girl
with a pyxis stands on the left behind the throne. There are remains
of pilasters. Inscribed: [Greek: Isigone gyne Heraklidou chaire.
Herakleide g(yne) b chaire.]--_Kertch._
Limestone; height, 2 feet 8 inches; width, 2 feet 4-1/2 inches.
_Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, CXCI.; Latyschev, II., 96.
[Sidenote: =742.=]
Sepulchral monument with a banquet relief of very rude style,
contained in a lunette above the inscribed panel. A male figure
reclines on a couch, with a cup in his right hand, with an uncertain
object near the cup, which may perhaps be intended to represent the
snake. A table stands before the couch with food. A woman sits on a
stool at the foot of the couch, and holds her veil with her left hand.
A small figure of a boy is at the head of the couch. On each side of
the inscribed panel is a vine branch with grapes; above are a pine
cone and two lions' heads to the front in high relief. Below are the
remains of a relief with a mounted horseman. On the right and left
edges of the relief are snakes. The inscription states that the
monument is erected by Timocrates for his wife, his son, and
himself.--_Tomis._
Limestone; height, 6 feet 11 inches; width, 2 feet 8-1/2 inches.
_Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, CLXXVII.
[Sidenote: =743.=]
Sepulchral monument with a banquet relief of the rudest style. Two
male figures, one being bearded, recline on a couch, holding cups in
their left hands. Before them is a table with food; beside it a boy
with a cup and oinochoe (?), and a girl with a phiale. A woman is
seated on a chair by the head of the couch, with the right hand raised
to her chin. A vine branch with grapes runs round the relief and the
inscribed panel. A Latin inscription states that the monument was
erected in memory of a girl, Ulpia Aurelia Valeria.--_Kertch._
Limestone; height, 7 feet 1 inch; width, 3 feet.
[Sidenote: =744.=]
Late sepulchral relief. A man reclines on a couch. A woman stands at
the foot of the couch. The relief is contained in an arch-shaped
field below a pediment. Inscribed, [Greek: LYTE ...]--_Obtained by
the Euphrates Expedition_ _(1835-1837) and presented by Sir J. C.
Hobhouse, President of the Board of Control._
Marble; height, 2 feet; width, 1 foot 3 inches.
[Sidenote: =745.=]
Sepulchral relief, with a man seated, and a man standing holding a
scroll in his left hand. The two figures probably joined their right
hands. In the right and left angles are diminutive figures. On the
right is a horse's head. A tree with a snake is seen above a wall in
the background. The relief is surmounted by an entablature.
Inscribed with the metrical epitaph:
[Greek:
Oupo] nymphidion kradie peplethota lektron
Diphi]lon aiakto tod' hypenasse tapho
gnoton] te gnote te panaidoie<i> Stratonike
ho k]ai Alexandron kouron homegenea,
ast]ois kai xeinoisi proseneas, esthla men eipein
esth]la de kai rhexai pantas epistamenous:
Maio]genes, sy de paidas en heroessi phylassois
eusebe]on aiei choron eperchomenos.]
This sculpture, and the following, No. 746, have been placed here,
though they do not include the banquet, because they have some
details, such as the serpent and the horse's head, similar to those on
the banquet reliefs.--_Ephesus._ _Excavated by Mr. Wood, between the
Magnesian Gate and the Temple of Artemis._
Ephesian marble; height, 3 feet; width, 1 foot 7-1/2 inches.
Wood, _Ephesus_, p. 123; _Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._,
DCXXV_a._
[Sidenote: =746.=]
A boy, Serapion, stands between two figures, probably those of his
father and mother. All three are closely wrapped in himatia. Behind is
a tree, about which is a serpent; a bird sits on a branch. The
relief is bounded by pilasters, a circular arch with rosettes in the
spandrels, and a pediment.
Inscribed: [Greek: Serapion, chreste kai alype chaire].
Greek marble; height, 3 feet 2 inches; width, 1 foot 8-1/4 inches.
This stone was formerly at Venice, and afterwards in London, "apud
Dodd chemicum." Boeckh, _C.I.G._, 6990.
RELIEFS WITH RIDER AND HORSE, HEROIFIED.
In the following reliefs the deceased person is heroified, and
represented as receiving libations or worship. The sepulchral serpent
is frequently introduced. For a discussion of the type, see above, p.
301.
[Sidenote: =750.=]
Sepulchral relief of a warrior. In the centre of the relief is a
bearded male figure, heavily armed. He wears a helmet, cuirass, and
greaves, and has a spear in his left hand. He stands near a trophy
which consists of a helmet, cuirass, and greaves attached to the trunk
of a tree. On the left side of the trophy stands a female figure,
pouring a libation from a jug into a cup. A serpent, coiled about
the trophy, drinks from the cup. On the right of the relief is the
forepart of the warrior's horse and the head of a groom. The relief is
bounded by two pilasters and an architrave.
The inscription on the upper and lower edges contains a list of
names of men in the dative case, with their cities added. The persons
commemorated belonged to various parts of the Peloponnesus, Northern
Greece, Thrace and Macedonia. From the position of the inscription,
it is plain that it is independent of the relief, and probably it is
earlier.--_Brought from Greece by Mr. Topham, 1725; Presented by Sir
Joseph Banks and the Hon. A. C. Fraser, 1780._
Greek marble; height, 2 feet 1-7/8 inch; width, 3 feet 8-1/2
inches. _Mus. Marbles_, II., pl. 41; Ellis, _Townley Gallery_,
II., p. 157; Jahn, _De Ant. Minervae Simulacris_, p. 23, pl. 3,
fig. 1; _C.I.G._, 1936; Wolters, 437.
[Sidenote: =751.=]
Mutilated relief. A horseman is mounted, to the right. He has an
elaborate skin saddle-cloth, terminating with an animal's head before
the horse. Behind on the left is an attendant with a tunic worn over
one shoulder (_heteromaschalos_), and with a shield. On the right are
an altar and a tree, about which a serpent is entwined. An uncertain
object is seen in the upper left corner of the relief. The relief is
very high. The horse originally had reins of bronze.
Marble; height, 3 feet; width, 3 feet.
[Sidenote: =752.=]
Fragment of sepulchral relief? A figure was represented leading a
horse to the right. Only one hand and foot, and parts of the horse
remain. Before it stand three male figures on a smaller scale, each
figure raising the right hand, making a gesture as of adoration. The
relief was bounded by pilasters and an entablature.--_Blayds Coll._
White marble; height, 1 foot 1 inch; width, 1 foot 1 inch.
[Sidenote: =753.=]
Sepulchral relief. A youth rides on a horse, to the right, wearing
a short tunic and cloak. He approaches a female figure, of a larger
scale, who wears a long chiton and himation. She has an oinochoe in
the right hand and a phiale in the left hand. Behind her is a
bearded figure on a smaller scale with the right hand raised as in
adoration.--_Aphanda, Rhodes._
Marble; height, 1 foot 5 inches; width, 2 feet. _Arch. Anzeiger_,
1854, p. 485, No. 8; _Athenische Mittheilungen_, VIII., p. 370.
[Sidenote: =754.=]
Fragment of a sepulchral relief, of a late period. A mounted horseman
advances to a flaming altar. On the right of the altar is a pine
tree, about which a snake is coiled. Only the head and forelegs of the
horse, and the left hand of the horseman is preserved. The hand holds
a double-headed axe. A dog stands below the horse.--_Ephesus._ _J. T.
Wood._
Ephesian marble; height, 1 foot 4-1/2 inches; width, 8 inches. The
figure with the double-headed axe resembles that of the so-called
[Greek: theos sozon] on late reliefs from Asia Minor (_Journ. of
Hellen. Studies_, VIII., p. 235; Roscher, _Lexicon_, p. 2564).
[Sidenote: =755.=]
Fragment of a sepulchral relief of a late period. A mounted horseman
with a chiton and a cloak flying behind him stands on the left of an
altar, at which a draped youth makes a libation. On the right is a
tree about which a snake is coiled. The left side of the relief is
wanting.--_Ephesus._ _J. T. Wood._
Ephesian marble; height, 1 foot 2 inches; width, 1 foot 5 inches.
[Sidenote: =756.=]
Fragment of a sepulchral relief, with a figure of a mounted horseman
wearing a chiton and cloak. The head of the rider, and the head and
hind-part of the horse are wanting.--_Ephesus._ _J. T. Wood._
Ephesian marble; height, 10 inches; width, 6-1/2 inches.
[Sidenote: =757.=]
Mounted horseman to the right. Before him stands a figure making a
gesture of adoration. Above is a pediment, with rosettes. The relief
is in very late rude style.
Inscribed: [Greek: Ezous Apoll[oni]dou tois parag[ou]sin
chairein].--_From Phanagoria._
Limestone; height, 2 feet 4-1/2 inches; width, 1 foot 2 inches.
_C.I.G._, 2129; _Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, CCVI.;
Latyschev, II., 378.
CASTS OF LYCIAN SEPULCHRAL RELIEFS.
The following casts are derived from Lycian rock-cut tombs, discovered
by Sir C. Fellows. Tombs of the normal type have a facade with
architecture imitating wooden construction. Behind the facade is a
vestibule, or portico, often adorned with reliefs on each side. At the
back is the door of the actual sepulchral chamber. Nos. 760-764 are
derived from tombs of this type.
[Sidenote: =760.=]
Cast of relief from the east or left side of the portico of a rock-cut
tomb. Bellerophon mounted on Pegasos appears to be thrusting as with
a spear at the Chimaera which is roughly indicated in the right-hand
lower corner of the relief. Pegasos has the mane tied in a topknot
between the ears, as in the relief from Xanthos, No. 86. The cast is
painted in imitation of the original.--_Tlos._
Height, 3 feet 6-1/2 inches; width, 3 feet 7-3/4 inches. Fellows,
_Lycia_, p. 136 and plate. For general view of the tomb, see
Benndorf, _Reisen in Lykien_, I., p. 139, and pl. 42 (on the
right).
[Sidenote: =761-4.=]
Casts of reliefs from the sides of the portico of a rock-cut tomb
at _Pinara_. The outside of the tomb has an elaborate facade with
sculptured pediment, frieze, and other ornaments. (For general view,
see Fellows, _Lycia_, pl. facing p. 141, and Benndorf, _Reisen in
Lykien_, I., pl. 19.) Within the portico, on each side, projecting
beam ends divide the sculpture into two panels. Each of the four
reliefs represents a view of a Lycian city, but there is no proof
that they are four different views of the city of Pinara, as Fellows
thought (_Lycia_, p. 141).
[Sidenote: =761.=]
Cast of the upper relief on the left or west side of the portico.
View of part of a city on a hill, with castellated walls. Within are
towers, with windows and connected by a wall, on which is a relief of
three male figures.
Height, 3 feet 1/2 inch; width, 4 feet 2-1/4 inches.
[Sidenote: =762.=]
Cast of the lower relief on the left or west side of the portico.
View of part of a city on a hill with castellated walls and turrets, a
large pylon (?) and several tombs of forms well known in Lycia. In
the lower wall is a relief, with a draped and bearded man leaning on
a staff and addressing a smaller figure. For the triangular arch
openings in the wall, compare Dodwell, _Pelasgic Remains_, pl. 27,
view of walls of a city near Mesolonghi.
Height, 2 feet 10 inches; width, 4 feet 2-1/2 inches.
[Sidenote: =763.=]
Cast of the upper relief on the right or east side of the portico.
View of part of a city on a hill with castellated walls and turrets.
A figure, apparently intended to represent a living man, and not a
sculpture, as on the other reliefs, lifts his hand near one of the
towers.
Height, 3 feet 2 inches; width, 4 feet 1/2 inch.
[Sidenote: =764.=]
Cast of the lower relief on the right or east side of the portico.
View of part of a city with castellated walls and turrets, built on
natural rocks. On the right is a large structure resembling a tomb. On
the left is a staircase, leading up to a door in a turret.
Height, 2 feet 10 inches; width, 4 feet 1/2 inch. The four reliefs
are engraved, Fellows, _Lycia_, pl. facing p. 142; Benndorf,
_Reisen in Lykien_, I., p. 54; _Synopsis_, _Lycian Room_, Nos.
148, 149.
[Sidenote: =765, 766.=]
The following casts are from a portion of the sculptures decorating a
tomb, discovered by Sir C. Fellows, at _Cadyanda_. The tomb is cut out
of a large piece of detached rock, and in type somewhat resembles
the large Lycian tombs in the British Museum, or the tomb of Xanthos,
shown in the background of pl. iii., the principal difference being in
the treatment of the roof. At the end of the tomb are two doors. One
door is filled with an immovable panel, with a figure of a draped
bearded man holding an oinochoe, and inscribed [Greek: Salas], and in
Lycian _zzala_. The second door is believed to have been fitted with a
panel, having the wife of Salas in relief. (Fellows, _Lycia_, p.
117.) The reliefs, of which casts are preserved in the British Museum,
formed a frieze immediately below the cornice on each side of the
tomb. Below this frieze on each side was a combat of warriors on a
larger scale.
Fellows, _Lycia_, p. 116; Petersen, _Reisen in Lykien_, II.,
p. 193. Views and plans of the tomb are included in the Scharf
portfolio of drawings in the British Museum.
[Sidenote: =765.=]
Cast of a portion of the relief on the south side of the tomb at
_Cadyanda_.
At the left end of the relief a girl draped in plain long chiton
with sleeves, and a cap with tassel, stands to the right holding an
aryballos and alabastron. On the left of the principal relief is a
group of four figures playing with knuckle-bones. In front are a girl
seated and a girl kneeling, both closely draped and having long hair.
Behind are a youth standing, wrapped in a mantle, and a woman who
holds an aryballos in her left hand and wears her mantle over her
head. All the figures make animated gestures. Near the head of the
youth is the inscription [Greek: Mesos]. Next on the right is a woman
seated, holding a boy in her hands, and wearing her mantle over her
head. Behind her is a female figure, much mutilated, standing to the
left with her right hand under her chin. The remainder of the relief,
which is not represented by a cast, appears to have contained either a
sacrificial group (Scharf), or warriors (Petersen, _Reisen in Lykien_,
ii., p. 193).
Height, 2 feet 3/4 inch; length, 4 feet 2 inches. Fellows,
_Lycia_, frontispiece, and pl. facing p. 116; _Synopsis_, _Lycian
Room_, No. 151; Petersen, _Reisen in Lykien_, II., p. 194, fig.
84.
[Sidenote: =766.=]
Cast of the relief on the north side of the tomb at _Cadyanda_. This
relief which is much mutilated, appears to contain a banquet scene,
with four couches, each having two persons reclining and several
attendant figures. Two attendants stand near the first couch on the
left. One has a wreath in the right hand. Near him is the inscription
[Greek: ...A....A]. A smaller figure plays on the flute. On the first
couch are remains of a figure seated, nearly erect, and of a figure
lying with his head resting on his left hand and having a bowl in his
right hand. A portion of the original sculpture is here inserted in
the cast. Above is the inscription [Greek: ...easob] (?), and below
is the bilingual inscription _edazzala_ [Greek: Eidassalas]. The next
group is obscure, but appears to consist of a figure seated, with
the right hand stretched out, so as to be seen above the head of the
figure last described, and a figure holding a child which stretches
out its arms to a figure on the right. Below the first of these two
figures is the bilingual inscription _mezo_ [Greek: Mesos]. On the
left of the second of the two figures is the bilingual inscription
_zzala_ [Greek: Salas], the Lycian being also repeated below,
_zzal(a)_. We must, therefore, suppose this figure to be Salas, the
owner of the tomb. The child is named _horlar_ (?) On the next couch is
a draped figure reclining on the left elbow, and holding out his right
hand to the child. Near this figure is the inscription [Greek: SIRO]
(?), and below it, remains of an illegible inscription. Next on the
right is a small draped female figure, seated on a chair, with the
hands stretched out. Behind her is a larger figure standing, with the
bilingual inscription _...katamna_ [Greek: Hekatomnas]. On the third
couch are two men reclining. Above the first is the inscription
[Greek: Kparam[os]], and below _[k]pparama_. Below the second is the
bilingual inscription _mola_ [Greek: Molos] (?). Below the couch is a
dog. On the fourth couch are also two men reclining. Above the
first is the inscription [Greek: Seskos], and below remains of the
corresponding Lycian inscription _ze...wwa_. Below the second is
a bilingual inscription, in which only the Greek name, [Greek:
Kendyomis], is legible. A dog stands below the couch.
At the right end of the relief, corresponding to the figure at the
left end of the north side, is a nude male figure dancing, with the
bilingual inscription _aekatam[n]a_ [Greek: Hekatomnas].
Height, 2 feet 1 inch; length, 8 feet 8 inches. Fellows, _Lycia_,
pl. facing p. 116 (very inaccurate); _C.I.G._, 4225; _Synopsis_,
_Lycian Room_, No. 152; Petersen, _Reisen in Lykien_, II., p. 193.
VOTIVE RELIEFS.
For an account of Greek votive reliefs, of the occasions on which they
were dedicated and of the objects represented, see above, p. 302.
[Sidenote: =770.=]
Fragment of relief. Zeus, wearing a mantle, is seated on a stool
(_diphros_). His left arm is raised, as if resting on a sceptre. The
right hand is extended. Near him is Hera, standing, with her right
arm across her breast and her left hand raised to her veil. The relief
which is only complete at the right side, was bounded by pilasters
and an architrave. The missing part may have contained the figures of
suppliants.--_Athens (?)._ _Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 1 foot 7 inches; width, 1 foot 2 inches.
_Synopsis_, No. 376 (227); _Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 37, fig. 2;
cf. Schoene, _Griechische Reliefs_, pl. 25, figs. 104, 105.
[Sidenote: =771.=]
Relief from the upper part of an inscribed stele. Athene, standing
on the right of the scene, places with her right hand a wreath on the
head of a male figure less in stature. On the left is a draped female
figure holding out in her right hand a wreath or a cup. The left hand
of this figure is raised to the level of the top of her head, as
if resting on a staff. She wears a long chiton, over which is a
diploidion reaching nearly to the knees. A short mantle hangs on her
left arm. Athene is clad in a long chiton with diploidion; her left
hand rests on the edge of her shield at her side.
From a comparison of this relief, with other similar compositions
from Athens, it is probable that it is the heading broken off from an
honorary decree of the Athenian people by which a crown was conferred
on some city or individual for services. (Compare above, p. 303;
Schoene, _Griech. Reliefs_, pl. 16, fig. 75, p. 41; and the fragment,
No. 772.)
The figure of Athene here as on many other reliefs is in its general
outlines copied from the Athene Parthenos of Pheidias. (Compare
Michaelis, pl. 15, figs. 6-17.)--_Athens (?)._ _Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 11 inches; width, 1 foot 4-1/2 inches.
_Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 35, fig. 4; _Synopsis_, No. 375 (82);
_Elgin Room Guide_, Part II., No. F. 4.
[Sidenote: =772.=]
Fragment of relief from the upper part of an inscribed stele. Athene
stands on the right; with her right hand she places a crown on the
head of a youth, who stands facing her on the left. He is clad in a
mantle. Athene wears a crested helmet and a long chiton, over which
is a diploidion; on her breast is the aegis; her left hand holds her
shield which rests on the ground on its edge. The relief was bounded
by pilasters and a pediment. It is probable that originally a third
figure balanced the figure of Athene, as in the preceding relief, No.
771.
This figure of Athene, like the preceding, is in its general outlines
copied from the Athene Parthenos of Pheidias.--_Athens (?)._ _Elgin
Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 1 foot 4 inches; width, 9-1/2 inches.
_Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 36, fig. 1; _Synopsis_, No. 371 (89);
_Elgin Room Guide_, Part II., No. F. 5. For similar subjects,
see Schoene, _Griech. Reliefs_, pl. 22, No. 96; Wolters, Nos.
1157-1181.
[Sidenote: =773.=]
Part of a relief, from the upper part of an inscribed stele. Athene
stands on the left, and with her right hand she crowns a draped male
figure, apparently a bearded man, who raises his right arm as if
in adoration. Athene wears a helmet and chiton with diploidion, and
places her left hand on her shield, of which the inner side is shown.
The spear of Athene rests against her left shoulder, with its end on
the ground inside the shield. The relief is bounded by pilasters, with
entablature and roof-tiles. The figure of Athene (like Nos. 771, 772)
is roughly copied from the Athene Parthenos of Pheidias.
Pentelic marble; height, 1 foot 6 inches; width, 9-3/4 inches.
[Sidenote: =774.=]
Relief: Apollo receiving a libation from Victory. Apollo wears the
dress of a Kitharoedos, namely, a long chiton with sleeves, over
which is a diploidion girt at the waist; a mantle hangs from his left
shoulder; his long hair is looped up in a broad plait behind, under a
diadem; a single long plait falls over each ear; he holds out a
bowl with his right hand, while his left strikes his lyre, which is
supported by a broad band passing over the left wrist; from the lyre
hang two ends of ribbons; he wears armlets and sandals. The Victory is
clad in a long chiton, over which is a diploidion girt at the waist;
she wears bracelets and armlets. Both figures stand with the heels
raised from the ground: at the side of the Victory is a circular
altar, on which is sculptured in relief a winged female figure between
two festoons. This subject occurs on several other reliefs in marble,
for one of which see below, No. 775, and also on a terracotta relief
in the British Museum. (For a list, see Welcker, _Alte Denkmaeler_,
ii., p. 37.) All these sculptures exhibit the same peculiar style of
affected archaism, known as archaistic. On a comparison of the reliefs
in which this subject occurs, it will be seen that the one here
described is part of a larger composition in which Leto and Artemis
follow behind Apollo, and a temple is introduced in the background; a
tripod, a statue on a pedestal, the _omphalos_, a plane tree, and the
Horae on the altar also occur as accessories. It seems probable that
these reliefs are votive, and that in selecting as their subject
the victory of Apollo in a musical contest, the dedicator
indirectly commemorated his own triumph in a similar exercise of
skill.--_Hamilton Coll., 1772._
Marble; height, 2 feet 1 inch; width, 2 feet 1 inch. Restored: the
greater part of the body of Apollo, lower part of body of Victory,
column on left, and lower part of column on right. The parts
restored have been copied from more perfect marbles in the Villa
Albani. _Mus. Marbles_, II., pl. 13; Ellis, _Townley Gallery_,
II., p. 113; _Guide to Graeco-Roman Sculptures_, I., No. 169;
Wolters, No. 427; Welcker, _Alte Denkmaeler_, II., p. 41.
[Sidenote: =775.=]
Fragment of a relief which probably commemorates a musical or dramatic
victory. Two draped female figures move to the right: the foremost of
these (Artemis) holds out in both hands a lighted torch; she also
has a quiver with a bow projecting from it, behind her shoulder. The
second figure, who is probably Leto, holds in her left hand a sceptre,
the head of which is formed by a pomegranate flower. The drapery of
both figures is arranged in the archaistic style. Both figures wear a
long chiton with sleeves, over which is a long full garment reaching
nearly to the feet; over this again is a diploidion girt at the waist.
A mantle falls from the left shoulder of Artemis, floating to below
her knees; her companion with her right hand draws forward over her
right shoulder the edge of a mantle, the other end of which falls over
her left arm. The heads of both figures are encircled by a diadem,
from beneath which two long plaits of hair fall on each shoulder.
These figures are moving beside a plain wall, beyond which is shown a
Corinthian temple; the tiles of the roof with the ornamental fronts of
the covering tiles are represented, but in incorrect perspective:
on the extreme left of the scene is a tripod standing on a polygonal
pedestal which forms the termination of the wall.
In order to understand the subject of this fragment, it must be
compared with similar reliefs in which the remainder of the original
composition has been preserved. (See above, No. 775.) We may assume
that the fragment here described, when complete, had on the right a
figure of Apollo Kitharoedos leading the procession, and holding out
a bowl to receive a libation from a Victory. The temple represented in
these reliefs may be that of Apollo at Delphi.--_Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 2 feet 4 inches; width, 1 foot 9 inches.
_Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 36, fig. 2; _Guide to Elgin Room_, Part
II., No. F. 2; Welcker, _Alte Denkmaeler_, II., p. 40.
[Sidenote: =776.=]
Votive relief representing an offering to Apollo. On the right, the
god is seated on the _omphalos_, holding up his right hand. The object
held up in this hand has been broken away. A mantle is wrapped round
his body, and he wears sandals. On the left are three mortals, clad in
Roman military armour, who appear to be approaching as if to consult
the Oracle of Apollo, and who, from the difference of stature, are
probably a father and two sons. Between them and the god are two
female figures, of colossal proportions, who stand to the front, their
heads turned towards Apollo. Each wears a diadem, and the figure on
the left holds a box containing incense in her left hand. These
two figures are thought to be Leto and Artemis, whose worship was
associated with that of Apollo. The relief is bounded by two pilasters
surmounted by an entablature. On the base are the remains of a
dedication to Apollo, in elegiac verse, which has been restored as
follows, by Koehler:
[Greek:
S[oi] Char[mos, ba]sileu Paian, hekatebol' Apol[lon],
Hippo[kratous doron] p[ai]s anetheke tode.]--_Townley Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 1 foot 7-3/4 inches; width, 2 feet 8
inches. Presented by the Duke of Bedford to Mr. Townley, in 1805.
_Mus. Marbles_, II., pl. 5; Ellis, _Townley Gallery_, II., p.
135; _Guide to Graeco-Roman Sculptures_, I., No. 200; Wolters, No.
1849; _C.I.G._, 1946; _C.I.A._, II., 1527_b_; Kaibel, 799; _Rhein.
Mus. N.F._, 1886, p. 346; Cavaceppi, _Raccolta d'Antiche Statue_,
III., pl. 1.
[Sidenote: =777.=]
Fragment of votive relief dedicated by Asclepiodotos to Apollo
Tadokomeites. The upper part is missing. On the right is the figure on
a colossal scale of Apollo Kitharoedos, preserved only from the
knees downwards. On the left a draped male figure kneels by an altar,
holding a ram, and having a knife in the right hand. Behind the altar
is a tree. On the left of the relief, a male figure, whose head is
wanting, stands holding a conical object in his right hand.
Inscribed: [Greek: Asklepiodotos Diphilou Apolloni Tadokomeite
euchen].--_Cyzicus._ _Presented by A. van Branteghem, Esq., 1890._
Marble; height, 1 foot 1 inch; width, 11-1/2 inches. _Rev. Arch._,
1891, p. 12, No. 3.
[Sidenote: =778.=]
Fragment of votive relief. Artemis stands with the right arm on her
right thigh, and leaning on what appears to be a torch. She wears a
huntress dress, with short chiton, and has a hound standing beside
her. On the right is an altar at which a male worshipper appears to be
making an offering. On the extreme right is the hand and drapery of a
female figure making a gesture of adoration.--_Ephesus._ _J. T. Wood._
Ephesian marble; height, 1 foot 1 inch; width, 9 inches.
[Sidenote: =779.=]
Fragment of relief, including the upper part of a standing figure of
Artemis, from the middle of the thighs. At her left side was a stag,
of which the head alone remains. In the centre is a female figure with
the right arm extended. On the right is a female worshipper of smaller
stature, who has the right hand raised, making a gesture of adoration.
Around the relief is a rudely cut rocky background.
Greek marble; height, 1 foot 1-1/2 inches; width, 1 foot.
[Sidenote: =780.=]
Votive relief (?). Two youths on horseback, probably the Dioscuri,
though the conical cap, _pileus_, by which they are distinguished is
wanting. Each wears a chiton and chlamys. They are beardless; their
hair is short and bound with a diadem; the bridles have been painted
in red, which is still faintly visible on the marble. The horses are
small and compact, like those on the frieze of Parthenon, and have
hogged manes.--_Purchased from Sir W. Hamilton, 1772._
Marble; height, 1 foot 5-1/2 inches; length, 1 foot 9-1/4 inches.
_Mus. Marbles_, II., pl. 11; Ellis, _Townley Gallery_, II., p.
111; _Guide to Graeco-Roman Sculptures_, Part I., No. 153.
[Sidenote: =781.=]
Votive relief. Two youthful male figures, perhaps the Dioscuri, stand
to the front, having an altar between them. One is nude, and the
other only has drapery on the left arm. They have spears in their left
hands. One appears to be holding an oinochoe in his right hand, and
the other a phiale. They stand between two Ionic columns, surmounted
by an entablature, with antefixal tiles, and festoons of rosettes
above.
Marble; height, 1 foot 6-1/2 inches; width, 1 foot 2-3/4 inches.
[Sidenote: =782.=]
Votive tablet with relief representing Kybele seated. She wears a
polos, and has a tympanum in the left hand, and has a lion by her left
side. With the right hand she holds a phiale over an altar; on
the left of the altar is a male worshipper standing.--_Cyzicus._
_Presented by A. van Branteghem, Esq._
Marble; height, 7 inches; width, 4 inches. _Rev. Arch._, 1891, p.
12 No. 6.
[Sidenote: =783.=]
Votive relief. Kybele seated within a distyle temple. On her head is
a calathos; a long tress of hair falls on each shoulder; she wears a
long chiton with sleeves and girt at the waist, and a mantle. In her
right hand she holds a bowl; at her right side is a lion; her left
hand is advanced as if it had held a sceptre, probably of metal, which
is now wanting. On each side of the base of the calathos is a hole,
probably for the attachment of a metal wreath.--_Elgin Coll._
Greek marble; height, 1 foot 3 inches; width, 9 inches. _Mus.
Marbles_, IX., pl. 35, fig. 2; _Synopsis_, No. 293 (97); _Guide to
Elgin Room_, Part II., No. F. 7.
[Sidenote: =784.=]
Votive relief. Kybele seated, with a recumbent lion in her lap, its
head to the left. In her right hand she has a bowl; in her left she
holds some object, the form of which cannot be made out. She wears a
long chiton, girt at the waist, and a mantle. Her head is broken off;
on each side of her neck a long tress falls on her shoulder. Sculpture
late and rough.--_Presented by J. P. Gandy Deering, Esq., 1820._
Greek marble; height, 11 inches; width, 10-1/2 inches. _Synopsis_,
No. 300 (103*).
[Sidenote: =785.=]
Fragment of a relief, probably votive, containing Hermes, who wears
a short chiton, chlamys, and petasos, and holds out a phiale in the
right hand. On his left is a female figure, also holding a phiale.
On the right, the right arm alone remains of a third figure with a
phiale.--_Knidos._
Marble; height, 1 foot 3 inches; width, 1 foot 1/2 inch.
[Sidenote: =786.=]
Relief with three figures. On the left is Athene, having long chiton,
peplos, helmet, aegis, spear. Beside her is a seated animal, perhaps a
lion. In the centre is Aphrodite (?), wearing long chiton, peplos, and
polos. She has a spear in her left hand, and a much mutilated Eros (?)
standing by her side. On the right is a figure of the deified Heracles
(?), half-draped in mantle and lion's skin, with the club in his left
hand and a sceptre or thyrsus in his right hand. He appears to wear
the Egyptian crown.--_Presented by H. Gally Knight, Esq., 1839._
Parian marble (?); height, 1 foot 1-1/2 inches; width, 1 foot 1-1/4
inches. Wolters, No. 1845.
[Sidenote: =787.=]
Fragment of a relief, with a male figure, heavily draped, wearing long
chiton and himation, and having long hair falling on the shoulders.
The left hand is raised, and there are marks of the attachment of a
metal object, perhaps a sceptre or thyrsos. The figure also wore a
metal wreath. The relief, which is only complete on the right side,
was bounded by pilasters and an entablature.--_Athens (?)._ _Elgin
Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 2 feet 5 inches; width, 1 foot 7 inches.
_Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 38, fig. 1; _Synopsis_, No. 176 (107).
[Sidenote: =788.=]
Fragment of a relief, with a group of gods, viz.: Hermes, with
caduceus and petasos; Zeus, with a sceptre; and Kybele, having a polos
and sceptre. Each of the three holds out a bowl in the right hand. On
the left, in low relief, is a diminutive figure seated on rocks by
a ship; on the right are two warriors, seated, having shields and
swords.
Marble; height, 1 foot 4 inches; width, 1 foot 10 inches.
[Sidenote: =789.=]
Relief, representing offerings to Eileithyia (?). A draped female
figure is seated on a chair with foot-stool, turned to the right. With
the left hand she holds a part of her mantle which passes over
her head. On the right is a draped woman who approaches, holding a
closely-swathed baby on her left arm, and making a gesture with the
right hand. A similar figure stands on the right, with a baby on her
left arm, and having the right hand raised to her head in a manner
expressive of sorrow. Behind the chair is a woman advancing, holding
a baby in both arms, and on the left is a woman who carries a dish (?)
on her left hand and has a casket hanging from her right hand.
The separate figures would be well suited to a sepulchral relief,
on which the seated figure and a figure with a baby might well be
represented. The whole composition, however, seems more suitable for
a representation of mothers making offerings to some goddess, perhaps
Eileithyia.--_From Sigeum in the Troad._ _Elgin Coll._
Bluish marble; height, 1 foot 4 inches; length, 5 feet 9 inches;
width, 2 feet. The marble was probably the sculptured base of
a statue or group. Afterwards it was roughly converted into a
water-basin, and in modern times it served as a seat at the right
side of the door of a church at Sigeum. The Sigean inscription
formed a corresponding seat at the left side of the door. Lady
M. Wortley Montagu, _Letter_ XLIV. (of July 31, 1718); Chandler,
_Travels in Asia Minor_ (1775), p. 36; _Antiquities of Ionia_,
I., p. i. (The original drawing by Pars is in the Brit. Mus.)
Choiseul-Gouffier, _Voyage Pittoresque_, II., pl. 19; _Synopsis_,
No. 324 (99); _Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 11.
[Sidenote: =790.=]
Relief: Cyrene crowned by Libya. This relief represents the nymph
Cyrene in the act of strangling a lion, while, to commemorate this
triumph, a crown is held over her head by Libya.
Inscribed: [Greek:
Kyrenen polion metroptolin hen stephei aute
epeiron Libye trisson echousa kleos,
enthad' hyper melathroio leontophonon theto Karpos,
euxamenos, megales sema philoxenies.]
The inscription may be thus translated: "Here over the architrave,
Karpos, making this dedication, placed Cyrene, mother of cities,
slayer of lions, in token of great hospitality. Libya, who has the
glory of being a third continent, herself crowns her."
Cyrene stands on the left, in attire very like that of Artemis as a
huntress. She wears a chiton reaching to the knees, over which is a
chlamys, and buskins; her hair is drawn back from her face. Both her
arms are locked round the lion's neck. Libya wears a long chiton girt
at the waist, and a mantle fastened between the breasts and falling
down behind; her hair, bound with a diadem, is arranged over her
forehead in long, regular curls, and falls down her neck; at her side
is an animal couchant, of which the head is broken off, and which is
perhaps a gazelle. The scene takes place on rocky ground. Two vines
arch their branches over the group.
According to the legend told by Pindar (_Pyth._ ix. 26) Cyrene was the
daughter of Hypseus, king of the Lapiths in Thessaly, whose flocks she
guarded against wild beasts. Apollo, seeing her slaying a lion in the
valleys of Pelion, became enamoured of her, and carried her off to
the part of Libya which afterwards bore her name. According to another
legend (Scholiast on Apoll. Rhod. _Argon._, ii., 498, &c.), Eurypylos,
king of Libya, had promised a portion of his kingdom to the person who
would slay a lion then dreaded for his ravages. Cyrene performed this
exploit, and received in reward the promised district. It is probably
in connection with this later legend that Libya is introduced crowning
Cyrene in the relief. Aristaeus, a mythic founder of Cyrene, was the
son of Apollo and Cyrene. The form of the relief suggests that it may
have been a metope, and the words [Greek: hyper melathroio] in
the inscription have therefore been translated "above the
architrave."--_Found outside the Temple of Aphrodite, Cyrene._
Marble; height, 3 feet 4 inches; width, 2 feet 3 inches. Smith
and Porcher, pl. 76, p. 98; pl. 83, No. 19. R. C. Puckett, _De
marmoribus tribus Cyrenaicis_; Bonn, 1868, p. 16, and Plate;
_Guide to Graeco-Roman Sculptures_, Part II., No. 129; Overbeck,
_Griech. Kunstmythologie_, III., p. 496; _Atlas_, pl. 26, fig. 16;
Wolters, No. 1916; Studniczka, _Kyrene_, p. 31. The inscription is
given by Kaibel, _add._ 842_a_ (in some points incorrectly). For
the legends of Cyrene, see Studniczka, p. 39.
[Sidenote: =791.=]
Fragment from the right side of a votive relief. Heracles stands,
nude, with the lion-skin and club on his left arm. The head and
extended right hand are wanting. On the left is a fragment of a
draped figure. The relief was contained in pilasters, surmounted by an
entablature.
Pentelic marble; height, 2 feet 1/2 inch; width, 10 inches.
[Sidenote: =792.=]
Fragment of a votive relief. A beardless male figure stands to the
front, with a chlamys on the raised left arm, and with a cup held out
in his right hand. On the right is the right arm, and a portion of the
skirt of another figure, perhaps female, of equal scale. On the left
is the figure, much defaced, of a bearded worshipper.--_Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 1 foot 1/4 inch; width, 10 inches.
_Synopsis_, No. 361 (84); _Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 35, fig. 3.
[Sidenote: =793.=]
Votive relief to Demeter and Persephone (?). Two female figures, each
wearing a chiton and himation, stand to the front. Between them is
the stump of a tree, on which the figure on the right (Persephone (?))
leans her right elbow.--_Castellani Coll._
Limestone; height, 1 foot; width, 10-3/4 inches.
Restorations:--Upper part of ground and frame of relief with top
of tree and right forearm of Persephone.
[Sidenote: =794.=]
Fragment of relief, with the lower part of a draped female figure,
standing on a nude prostrate figure of a boy. On the right is
a Gryphon and on the left a large serpent.--_From Amphitheatre,
Gortyna._
White marble; height, 1 foot; width, 11-1/4 inches. The Gryphon
and serpent are attributes of Sarapis on a relief at Andriake in
Lycia. Petersen, _Reisen in Lykien_, II., p. 42, fig. 31.
[Sidenote: =795.=]
Left side of votive tablet, on which is sculptured a female figure
standing to the front, holding a bowl in her right hand: her head and
left arm from above the elbow are broken away. Some vertical object,
perhaps a censer, similar to that held by figure No. 56 in the
eastern frieze of the Parthenon, or perhaps a fold of her mantle, is
sculptured on the right.--_Athens._ _Inwood Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 7-3/4 inches; width, 6 inches. _Elgin
Room Guide_, Part II., No. F. 12.
[Sidenote: =796.=]
Fragment of relief, containing a part of a half-draped bearded man,
standing as if leaning on a staff, to the right, holding what appears
to be a flower in his right hand; and also part of the figure of a
woman holding what appears to be a pomegranate. The figures may be
those of suppliants with offerings on a votive relief.--_Cyrene._
White marble; height, 6-1/2 inches; width, 11 inches. Smith and
Porcher, p. 107, No. 138.
[Sidenote: =797.=]
Fragment of relief containing a half-draped elderly male figure, and
a female figure wearing a long chiton. Perhaps a fragment of a votive
relief.--_Temple of Aphrodite, Cyrene._
White marble; height, 1 foot; width, 10 inches. Smith and Porcher,
p. 104, No. 88.
[Sidenote: =798.=]
Votive relief, with two plaits of formally twisted hair, dedicated to
Poseidon by Philombrotos and Aphthonetos. The relief is bounded by two
pilasters and an entablature.
Inscribed: [Greek: Philombrotos, Aphthonetos Deinomachou,
Poseidoni].--_From Phthiotic Thebes, in Thessaly._ _Presented by Col.
Leake, 1839._
Marble; height, 1 foot 1-1/2 inches; width, 1 foot 2-1/2 inches;
Millingen, _Ancient Unedited Monuments_, Part II., pl. 16, fig.
2; Leake, _Travels in Northern Greece_, IV., p. 361; _Greek
Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, CLXIII.; Daremberg and Saglio,
_Dict. des Antiqs._, _s.vv._ Coma and Donarium. On the custom
of dedicating hair by youths reaching manhood, see Daremberg and
Saglio, _loc. cit._, and _Bull. de Corr. Hellenique_, 1888, p.
479. See also _Mus. Worsleyanum_, pl. 9.
The following votive tablets (Nos. 799-808), with representations of
portions of the human body and with votive inscriptions to Highest
Zeus ([Greek: Zeus hypsistos]), were discovered by the fourth Earl of
Aberdeen, in 1803. Excavations were made at the foot of the rock-wall
near the rock-cut structure commonly known as the Bema of the Pnyx,
and the tablets which were then found, are presumed to have fallen
from niches cut to receive them in the rock above (Dodwell, _Tour_,
i., p. 402). It has been argued that the spot where the reliefs were
found was not the Pnyx, but the altar of Highest Zeus (Welcker, _Der
Fels-Altar des Hoechsten Zeus_, &c., 1852). The inscriptions, however,
which are here described, are of Roman times, and are of little value
for the decision of the question. (Cf. Hicks, _Greek Inscriptions in
Brit. Mus._ lx.)
[Sidenote: =799.=]
Tablet with votive relief representing a female breast dedicated by
Eutychis.
Inscribed: [Greek: Eutychis hypsisto euche(n)].--_Pnyx, Athens._
_Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 5-3/4 inches; width, 5-1/2 inches.
Dodwell, _Tour_, I., p. 403; _Synopsis_, No. 210 (245); _Mus.
Marbles_, IX., pl. 41, fig. 3; _C.I.G._, 504; Ellis, _Elgin
Marbles_, II., p. 105, No. 210; _Greek inscriptions in Brit.
Mus._, LXVI.
[Sidenote: =800.=]
Tablet with votive relief representing a female breast, dedicated by
Isias.
Inscribed: [Greek: Eisias hyps[isto] eu[chen]].--_Pnyx, Athens._
_Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 8 inches; width, 6-1/2 inches. Dodwell,
_Tour_, I., p. 403; _Synopsis_, No. 209 (247); _Mus. Marbles_,
IX., pl. 41, fig. 2; _C.I.G._, 505; Ellis, _Elgin Marbles_, II.,
p. 105, No. 209; _Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, LXVII.
[Sidenote: =801.=]
Tablet with votive relief, representing a pair of eyes, dedicated by
Philemation.
Inscribed: [Greek: Philematin [e]uchen ane[th]eken].--_Pnyx, Athens._
_Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 3-1/2 inches; width, 5-1/2 inches.
Dodwell, _Tour_, I., p. 403, with woodcut; _Synopsis_, No. 214
(251); _Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 41, fig. 5; _C.I.G._, 506; Ellis,
_Elgin Marbles_, II., p. 105, No. 212; _Greek Inscriptions in
Brit. Mus._, LXVIII.
[Sidenote: =802.=]
Fragment of a votive relief, which originally represented a pair of
eyes in relief, but now has little remaining except the left eye and
part of the inscription: [Greek: hyps]ist[o].--_Pnyx, Athens._ _Found
by the fourth Earl of Aberdeen in 1803, and presented by the fifth
Earl of Aberdeen in 1861._
Pentelic marble; height, 3-3/4 inches; width, 5 inches. _Greek
Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, LXIX. This relief is perhaps
identical with _C.I.G._, 499.
[Sidenote: =803.=]
Fragment of votive relief, with toes and the forepart of the right
foot.--_Pnyx, Athens._ _Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 6-1/2 inches; width, 5-1/2 inches.
_Synopsis_, No. 217 (253); _Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 41, fig. 4;
Ellis, _Elgin Marbles_, II., p. 105, No. 217.
[Sidenote: =804.=]
Tablet with votive relief of vulva, dedicated by Olympias.
Inscribed: [Greek: Olympias hypsisto euchen].--_Pnyx, Athens._ _Elgin
Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 5-1/2 inches; width, 7-1/2 inches.
Dodwell, _Tour_, I., p. 403; _Synopsis_, No. 216 (246); _C.I.G._,
500; _Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, LXII.
[Sidenote: =805.=]
Tablet with votive relief, representing a human face from the bridge
of the nose downwards, dedicated by Tertia.
Inscribed: [Greek: Tertia hypsisto euchen].--_Pnyx, Athens._ _Elgin
Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 8-1/2 inches; width, 7-3/4 inches.
Dodwell, _Tour_, I., p. 404, with woodcut; _Synopsis_, No. 218
(250); _Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 41, fig. 7; _C.I.G._, 501; Ellis,
_Elgin Marbles_, II., p. 105, No. 218; _Greek Inscriptions in
Brit. Mus._, LXIII.
[Sidenote: =806.=]
Tablet with votive relief, representing a pair of arms, within a
panel, dedicated by Claudia Prepusa. The hands are wanting.
Inscribed: [Greek: Klaudia Prepousa eucharisto hypsisto].--_Pnyx,
Athens._ _Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 6 inches; width, 7-1/4 inches. Dodwell,
_Tour_, I., p. 402, with woodcut; _Synopsis_, No. 215 (248);
_Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 41, fig. 6; _C.I.G._, 502; Ellis, _Elgin
Marbles_, II., p. 105, No. 215; _Greek Inscriptions in Brit.
Mus._, LXIV.
[Sidenote: =807.=]
Tablet with votive relief, representing a female breast somewhat
broken, dedicated by Onesime.
Inscribed: [Greek: Onesime euchen Dii hypsisto].--_Pnyx, Athens._
_Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 4-7/8 inches; width, 6 inches. Dodwell,
_Tour_, I., p. 403; _Synopsis_, No. 211 (249); _Mus. Marbles_,
IX., pl. 41, fig. 1; _C.I.G._, 503; Ellis, _Elgin Marbles_, II.,
p. 105, No. 211; _Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, LXV.
[Sidenote: =808.=]
Fragment of a votive relief, with part of a thigh, or perhaps part of
the shoulder.
Inscribed: [Greek: ....a theo hypsi[sto e]uchen].--_Pnyx, Athens.
Found by the fourth Earl of Aberdeen in 1803, and presented by the
fifth Earl of Aberdeen in 1861._
Pentelic marble; height, 4-1/4 inches; width, 4-1/2 inches. _Greek
Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, LXX.
[Sidenote: =809.=]
Tablet with votive relief representing a left leg from above the knee
in relief, dedicated to Asclepios and Hygieia.
Inscribed: [Greek: Asklepio kai Hyg(i)eia eucharisterion].--_Found in
1828, in a Shrine of Asclepios in Melos._ _Blacas Coll._
Parian marble; height, 1 foot 1-1/2 inches; width, 7-1/2 inches.
_Annali dell' Inst._, 1829, p. 341; _Exp. de Moree_, III., pl.
29, fig. 2; _C.I.G._, 2429; _Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._,
CCCLXV. This relief was found together with the fine head of
Asclepios (No. 550) and with a votive inscription (_C.I.G._,
2428).
[Sidenote: =810.=]
Tablet with votive relief, representing a right ear. The right side of
the tablet is lost.--_Cyrene._
Marble; height, 6-3/4 inches; width, 10 inches. Smith and Porcher,
p. 108, No. 148.
[Sidenote: =811.=]
Square votive tablet, dedicated by Anthusa, the daughter of
Damainetos. On the tablet, within a raised wreath, the following
objects are sculptured in relief:--In the centre is a bowl (phiale)
inscribed with the dedication. Round this bowl are ranged a mirror,
a torch, a spindle, a comb, a small phial, a small box with a lid
containing three little circular boxes, which probably held paints; a
pair of shoes; a small mortar, containing a pestle, shaped like a bent
thumb; a knife, a strigil, a bottle, two bodkins, a small oval box
with a lid, which probably held a sponge; a pair of shoes, and a
conical object like a cap. The raised wreath which encircles these
objects is composed of pomegranates, ears of corn, and ivy-berries,
round which a sash is wound. Outside the wreath, on the upper
right-hand corner of the tablet, a situla is sculptured in low relief,
and a small footstool (?) on the lower corner on the same side. The
corresponding angles on the left side of the tablet have been broken
away, but the upper angle appears to have contained a situla. The
relief is inscribed [Greek: Anthouse Damainetou hypostatria]. [Greek:
Hypostatria] probably denotes some minister of inferior rank in
the temple of the goddess to whom the tablet was dedicated. The
explanation of the word [Greek: statria] given by Hesychius ([Greek:
emplektria]), makes it probable that the function of the [Greek:
hypostatria] here mentioned was to dress the image of the goddess.
This and the tablet No. 812 were found by the Earl of Aberdeen built
into a ruined Byzantine church at _Slavochori in Laconia_, a
place which is believed to be the site of the ancient Amyclae.
The combination of pomegranates and ears of corn, the symbols of
Persephone and Demeter, with ivy-berries and fir-cones, the symbols of
Dionysos, makes it probable that in the temple in which these tablets
were dedicated, these deities had a joint worship.
Pausanias (iii., 20, 4) mentions a town near Amyclae called Bryseae,
where was a temple of Dionysos which none but women were permitted
to enter, and where women only performed the sacrifices. It is not
improbable, as Lord Aberdeen conjectured, that these votive tablets
were originally dedicated in this temple, and thence brought to
Slavochori. It was a common custom among the Greeks to dedicate
articles of female attire and toilet in the temples of goddesses. (See
_Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, No. xxxiv.)--_Brought from Greece
by George, fourth Earl of Aberdeen; presented by George, fifth Earl of
Aberdeen, 1861._
Marble; height, 3 feet; width, 2 feet 9-1/2 inches. This
sculpture, with the following, was first published, in a strangely
perverted form, by Caylus (_Recueil d'Antiq._, II., pl. 51),
from drawings by Fourmont. Lord Aberdeen published them, with an
engraving in Walpole's _Memoirs relating to Turkey_, London,
1817, I., p. 446. See also _C.I.G._, 1467; Leake, _Travels in
the Morea_, I., p. 188, and _Peloponnesiaca_, pp. 163-165; _Greek
Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, CXLI.; Wolters, No. 1852; _Guide to
Graeco-Roman Sculptures_, Part II., No. 11; Mansell, No. 728.
[Sidenote: =812.=]
Votive tablet, dedicated by a priestess called Claudia Ageta, on which
are sculptured in relief various articles of the toilet. In the centre
is a bowl inscribed with the name of the priestess, [Greek: Klau(dia)
Ageta Antipatrou, hiereia]; round it are the following objects:--On
the left of the bowl, a shell to hold unguents, two mirrors (one much
smaller than the other), a small comb, a hair-pin, a small bottle for
unguents, a small oval tray with a lid, containing a sponge, a larger
bottle, a cylindrical object, and a circular object like a stud; above
the bowl is a small elliptical box, a bottle, and an object which
appears to be a net for the hair; below are a comb, two bodkins, and
a strigil. On the right of the bowl are two pairs of shoes, two studs
linked together, a small mortar (in which is a pestle like a bent
thumb), a spoon, and a small oblong box with a lid, into which are
fitted six little circular boxes or bottles. Round these sculptured
objects runs a raised frame richly ornamented with fir-cones, ivy,
ears of corn, and pomegranates, and with a coiled snake in its lower
side.--_From Slavochori in Laconia (cf. No. 811). Presented by the
fifth Earl of Aberdeen, 1861._
Marble; height, 2 feet 3-1/2 inches; width, 3 feet 6 inches.
Walpole's _Memoirs relating to Turkey_, 1817, I., p. 446;
_C.I.G._, 1466; _Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, CXLII.; _Guide
to Graeco-Roman Sculptures_, Part II., No. 12; Wolters, No. 1851.
[Sidenote: =813.=]
Fragment of a votive relief dedicated by a victor in a torch race. On
the right a youth, with a whisk for sprinkling, and a man stand at an
altar. The head of the man is lost. Three nude athletes, of whom two
are bearded, stand on the left conversing. Above is an entablature
with the dedicatory inscription: [Greek: Ho deina l]ampadi nikesas,
gymnasiarchon [anetheken]].--_Athens._ _Strangford Coll._
Pentelic marble; height, 1 foot 5-1/2 inches; width, 1 foot 1/2
inch. _C.I.G._, 257; _Greek Inscriptions in Brit. Mus._, XLI.;
_C.I.A._, II., 1221.
[Sidenote: =814.=]
Votive tablet in commemoration of a victory in the chariot race. A
draped charioteer drives a chariot, drawn by four horses, which move
to the left in spirited action. Over them floats in the air a winged
Victory extending a wreath, now wanting, towards the charioteer. The
left side of the relief and the lower edge have been broken away. The
missing portion on the left probably contained a figure running in
front of the chariot, as the end of a staff and traces of the hand
which grasped it, appear at the edge of the slab. The charioteer wears
a tunic girt at the waist; a scarf passing round the back of the head
bellies out with the wind, while the ends, drawn back under the arms,
float behind.
This figure appears to be female, and in that case would doubtless
be a personification, possibly of the city to which the victorious
charioteer belonged. A similar votive tablet mounted on a pilaster is
shown outside a house or temple in the composition representing
the visit of Dionysos to Icarios, in the third Graeco-Roman Gallery
(_Guide to Graeco-Roman Sculptures_, Pt. I., No. 176), and such
commemorative tablets were often dedicated by Agonistic Victors.
Compare a fragmentary relief at Athens, on which a horse is crowned
by Victory. (Schoene, _Griechische Reliefs_, pl. 18, fig. 80.)--_From
Consul Logothetis' house at Athens._ _Elgin Coll._
Pentelic marble; present height, 2 feet 3-1/2 inches; width, 2
feet 8 inches. _Mus. Marbles_, IX., pl. 38, fig. 2; Ellis, _Elgin
Marbles_, II., p. 126; _Synopsis_, No. 197 (236).
[Sidenote: =815.=]
Fragment of a relief, perhaps a votive tablet in commemoration of a
chariot race. Four heads of horses in rapid movement to the right;
the head of the foremost horse has been held by a figure, of which the
right hand only remains.
Marble; height, 11-1/2 inches; width, 1 foot 1 inch. _Guide to
Graeco-Roman Sculptures_, Part II., No. 47.
[Sidenote: =816.=]
Votive relief. Hecate stands, turned to the left, with a large torch
in her left hand. With the right hand she places a wreath on the head
of a mare standing before her. She wears a chiton, confined by bands
crossing on the breast, such as are common on figures of charioteers,
Furies, and others. Behind her is a large dog. The relief is
surmounted by a large pediment. This relief appears to have been
dedicated by the owner of a successful horse.--_Crannon in Thessaly._
_Presented by Col. Leake, 1839._
White marble, with remains of blue paint on the ground; height, 1
foot 3-1/2 inches; width, 1 foot 11 inches. Millingen, _Anc.
Uned. Monuments_, II., pl. 16, fig. 1. Compare a relief at Athens,
Schoene, _Griechische Reliefs_, pl. 26, fig. 108.
[Sidenote: =817.=]
Votive relief with three figures standing to the front. On the right
is Apollo wearing the dress of a minstrel, having a long chiton girt
at the waist, and a himation. He holds out a phiale in his right
hand. On the right is an omphalos, about which a snake is coiled. The
central figure, who is bearded, wears the dress of Dionysos with short
tunic, high boots, and a himation closely confined. He has a torch in
the left hand and holds out a phiale in the right hand. On the left
is a figure of Zeus, with a phiale held out in the right hand, and
a sceptre in the left hand. The relief is bounded by two pilasters
surmounted by an entablature and pediment.
Below is a group of six male figures reclining, who are sketched out
in low relief. Before them are four figures: (_a_) on the left a
comic figure seated, playing on double flutes, and beating time with a
_kroupezion_ or scabellum; (_b_) a nude female figure dancing; (_c_)
a comic figure running, wearing a Phrygian cap, and having a pair
of double flutes in each hand; (_d_) on the right, a figure with an
oinochoe in each hand drawing wine from a large vessel.
Inscribed: [Greek: Dii hypsisto k(ai) to ch(o)ro Thallos eponymos ton
telamona apedoka]. The relief ([Greek: telamon]) appears to have been
dedicated by a successful dramatic poet, Thallos, who gave his name to
the fete.--_Cyzicus._ _Presented by A. van Branteghem, Esq._
Marble; height, 3 feet 1-1/2 inches; width, 1 foot 10 inches.
_Rev. Arch._, 1891, p. 10, No. 1. Compare a relief now at Athens,
from Nicaea, in Conze, _Reise auf der Insel Lesbos_, pl. 19;
Lueders, _Dionys. Kuenstler_, pl. 2.
LONDON: PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, STAMFORD
STREET AND CHARING CROSS.
PLATE I.
[Illustration: SCULPTURED COLUMN FROM THE ARCHAIC TEMPLE AT EPHESUS.
No. 29.]
PLATE II.
[Illustration: VIEW OF THE LION TOMB AT XANTHOS. No. 80.
(_From a drawing by George Scharf._)]
PLATE III.
[Illustration: VIEW OF THE HARPY TOMB AT XANTHOS. No. 94.
(_From a drawing by George Scharf._)]
PLATE IV.
[Illustration: SECTIONAL VIEW OF THE EAST END OF THE PARTHENON. (_G.
Niemann._)]
PLATE V.
[Illustration: Fig. 1. CARREY'S DRAWING OF THE EAST PEDIMENT OF THE
PARTHENON.]
[Illustration: Fig. 2. CARREY'S DRAWING OF THE WEST PEDIMENT OF THE
PARTHENON.]
PLATE VI.
[Illustration: Fig. 1. IRIS AND HERA. EAST FRIEZE OF PARTHENON.
Nos. 27, 28.]
[Illustration: Fig. 2. ARM. No. 330.]
PLATE VII.
[Illustration: THE NORTH FRIEZE OF THE PARTHENON (Slabs I.-VII.)
RESTORED.]
PLATE VIII.
[Illustration: THE NORTH FRIEZE OF THE PARTHENON (Slabs VII.-XIII.)
RESTORED.]
PLATE IX.
[Illustration: LUSIERI'S DRAWING OF THE MISSING GROUP FROM THE
MONUMENT OF LYSICRATES. No. 430, _5_.]
PLATE X.
[Illustration: VIEW OF THE TEMPLE OF APOLLO AT PHIGALEIA. (_From a
Photograph._)]
PLATE XI.
[Illustration: Fig. 1. SEPULCHRAL RELIEF. No. 693.]
[Illustration: Fig. 2. MONUMENT OF XANTHIPPOS. No. 628.]
[Illustration: Fig. 3. SEPULCHRAL RELIEF. No. 627.]
PLATE XII.
[Illustration: Fig. 1. FRAGMENT OF A SEPULCHRAL RELIEF. No. 673.]
[Illustration: Fig. 2. FRAGMENT OF A SEPULCHRAL RELIEF. No. 672.]
* * * * * *
Transcriber's note:
Some illustrations have been moved to the ends of their descriptive
paragraphs to allow for freer flow of the text.
There are some inconsistencies in the spelling of (foreign) proper
names throughout the book. In each case, both forms have been retained.
Journal numbers (X...; x...; etc.) appear in both upper and lower case
throughout the book. Both forms have been retained.
There are a few instances of the high dot ., or Greek colon, in the
Greek text, which have been retained.
Pages 108 and 136: Fig. 9 was used twice in the original book, and both
instances have been retained.
Page 10: 'donotion' corrected to 'donation' -
" ... have been acquired by donation or bequest,"
Page 11, Footnote 42: '214' corrected to '211'.
Numbers '212', '213' and '214' do not exist. Thus, '211' is the number
before '215'; and '211' fits the category of the other numbers in this
footnote. "See Nos. 211, 643, 652, 667, 680, 693, 699, 726, 736."
Page 46: 'Beechino' corrected to 'Beecheno' -
"See also Solly, _Memoirs of W. J. Mueller_, 1875; Beecheno,"
Page 64: 'real' corrected to 'reel' -
"... but include bead and reel mouldings,"