THE
BOOK OF ANTELOPES.
BY
PHILIP LUTLEY SCLATER, M.A., PH.D., F.R.S.,
SECRETARY TO THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON,
AND
OLDFIELD THOMAS, F.Z.S., F.R.G.S.,
ASSISTANT IN THE ZOOLOGICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM.
[Illustration]
IN FOUR VOLUMES (1894–1900).
VOL. I.
LONDON:
R. H. PORTER, 7 PRINCES STREET, CAVENDISH SQUARE, W.
1894–1900.
[Illustration: ALERE FLAMMAM.]
PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS,
RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET.
Dedicated
TO
THE MEMORY
OF
SIR VICTOR ALEXANDER BROOKE, BART.,
NATURALIST AND SPORTSMAN
(Born 5th January, 1843, died 27th November, 1891),
BY
HIS FRIENDS AND FELLOW-WORKERS,
THE AUTHORS.
PREFACE.
A short Introduction, stating the general plan of this work, was given
in the first number of ‘The Book of Antelopes,’ published in August
1894. On completing the work by the issue of the last Part it has been
determined by the Authors to explain its origin and object a little
more fully, and this portion of the task has been intrusted to me.
It should be quite understood, in the first place, that, as has been
stated in the Introduction, the original conception of the work is due
to the genius and energy of the late Sir Victor Brooke, under whose
supervision the greater number of the plates and other illustrations
were prepared, and I need hardly say that it is greatly regretted
by the authors that Sir Victor did not live to carry out his plan.
Sir Victor was elected a Fellow of the Zoological Society of London
in 1864, at which time I knew him only as an ardent sportsman, much
attached to Natural History. Some time in the year 1870, I think it
was, he called upon me at my office, and stated that he had been
attending Sir William (then Professor) Flower’s lectures at the
College of Surgeons, and had quite determined to commence serious work
in Natural History, being deeply interested in that subject. After
talking over the matter with him for some time it was suggested that
the Ruminant Mammals, with many of which Sir Victor as a sportsman was
well acquainted, offered an excellent subject for work, and I promised
that I would take every opportunity that fell in my way of putting at
his disposal specimens of this class. I was, of course, delighted at
getting a recruit for Natural History of such energy and ability. I may
mention here that amongst other questions which I asked him at this
interview was whether he knew German, as without a knowledge of that
language it would be impossible for anyone in these days to do good
work in Natural Science. Sir Victor in reply regretted his ignorance
of this language, but stated that he should set to work and learn it
at once. A few months afterwards I found to my surprise that he had
kept his word, and was already able to translate passages in the German
authorities to which he had occasion to refer. I may add that I have
given the same advice more than once to other would-be students of
Natural History, but that I never recollect it having been followed
with such immediate and successful results.
From my position at the Zoological Society and from the aid received
from numerous correspondents in all parts of the world, I had little
difficulty from the first in providing my much-esteemed friend with
materials for his studies, and in the beginning of 1871 had the
pleasure of putting at his disposal some notes and materials concerning
the Antelopes of the genus _Tragelaphus_. Upon these was based the
excellent paper on that genus read by Sir Victor before the Zoological
Society on the 16th of May of that year, the first of a series of
essays on this and kindred subjects. Four similar papers, as will be
seen by reference to the Zoological Society’s ‘Proceedings,’ followed
in 1872, three in 1874, and others in succeeding years, until 1878,
when, I regret to say, they came to an abrupt conclusion. The last of
the series was one of an extremely useful and important character,
containing, as it did, a complete essay on the classification of the
Deer-family and a synopsis of the existing species, which, until
recently, has remained our leading authority upon this difficult
group of Mammals. During the whole of this time also Sir Victor had
been engaged in collecting specimens, and in having drawings made
by Wolf and put upon the stone by Smit, for a complete work on the
Bovine animals which he had planned out and proposed to write. After
1878, however, other matters intervened and sadly interfered with my
friend’s studies in Natural History. Sir Victor changed his habitual
residence to Pau, and though I now saw him occasionally in London on
his way from France to his home in Ireland, I could never induce him
to continue his former researches, although he always assured me that
he was still devoted to Natural Science and was determined to return
to it eventually. Circumstances, however, prevented him from carrying
his wishes into effect. In November 1891, when still in the prime of
life, Sir Victor died, leaving his great work still unfinished, and
represented mainly by a series of over a hundred lithographic plates,
which, as already mentioned in the Introduction, have formed the basis
of the present work. The MSS. which were also kindly placed at my
disposal by the family, not having been touched for nearly fifteen
years, were in such an incomplete state that it was impossible to
utilize them. Upon pointing out this to his son, the present Sir
Douglas Brooke, he was good enough to assure me that his only wish was
that the best possible use for Science should be made of the whole of
the materials accumulated by his father. Acting upon this understanding
I undertook to prepare the letterpress of an entirely new work on the
Antelopes, using such of Sir Victor’s plates as I could employ for its
illustration.
Such was the origin of the present work, now happily brought to a
close after a period of six years, during which it has occupied no
unimportant part of my leisure time. Even so it would not have been
possible for me to have accomplished it without the able assistance
of my excellent friend Mr. Oldfield Thomas, of the British Museum. It
was, of course, of the greatest advantage to the work that Thomas was
already familiarly acquainted with the subject, and had, moreover,
under his charge the unrivalled series of specimens of Mammals
contained in our National Collection.
Although Thomas and I consider ourselves, of course, jointly
responsible for all the statements in this work, every line of which
has undergone the supervision of both authors, I may state that
Thomas’s chief part of the task was, as agreed between us, to be the
synonymy and scientific descriptions, and my speciality the preparation
of the ordinary letterpress. I must also not omit to mention that as
regards the much-vexed subject of Zoological Nomenclature my friend
and I are not in perfect accord, as he takes a more severe view of the
rule of priority than I am disposed to adopt. There has, therefore,
been necessarily a little “give and take” on each side as to the names
to be adopted in this work. For these latter, in so far as they may
be held to contravene the strict laws of nomenclature, Thomas desires
to disclaim--as I am willing to accept--all responsibility. It should
also be mentioned that during the issue of the last volume Thomas’s
somewhat serious illness and consequent absence from his post in London
has compelled him to relegate some of his share in the present work to
Mr. R. I. Pocock, of the British Museum, who, I need hardly say, has
most efficiently assisted me in finishing the task and to whom I hereby
tender my most sincere thanks.
I must also not forget to record the names of other friends and
correspondents who have materially assisted us in the preparation of
the ‘Book of Antelopes.’ Amongst these I must specially mention Herr
Matschie, of the Natural History Museum of Berlin, who has kindly
furnished many notes on the collection of Mammals under his charge in
that Institution; nor must I forget the names of Mr. F. C. Selous,
Herr Oscar Neumann, Mr. S. L. Hinde, Mr. F. V. Kirby, Capt. H. G. C.
Swayne, Mr. Ernest Gedge, Sir Harry Johnston, K.C.B., Mr. R. Crawshay,
Mr. Alfred Sharpe, Sir John Kirk, Mr. F. E. Blaauw, Mr. F. J. Jackson,
Major F. C. Trollope, Dr. E. Büchner, Mr. E. Buxton, Mr. J. I. S.
Whitaker, Sir Edmund Loder, Mr. A. E. Pease, Mr. Lort Phillips, Mr. T.
W. H. Clarke, Mr. J. ffolliott Darling, Mr. John Millais, Mr. W. E. de
Winton, and my son Mr. W. L. Sclater, Director of the South African
Museum, Capetown, to all of whom, on behalf of Thomas and myself, I
wish to tender our most heartfelt thanks for their kind assistance.
Finally, I may mention that this work has been issued in parts at the
following dates:--
Part I. BUBALIDINÆ Aug. 1894
II. „ Jan. 1895
III. CEPHALOPHINÆ May 1895
IV. „ Sept. 1895
V. NEOTRAGINÆ Jan. 1896
VI. CERVICAPRINÆ Aug. 1896
VII. „ Jan. 1897
VIII. „ Mar. 1897
IX. ANTILOPINÆ Aug. 1897
X. „ Feb. 1898
XI. „ June 1898
XII. „ Oct. 1898
XIII. HIPPOTRAGINÆ Feb. 1899
XIV. „ May 1899
XV. TRAGELAPHINÆ Jan. 1900
XVI.}
XVII} „ Aug. 1900
The date attached to the letterpress at the end of each article is, as
nearly as possible, that at which it was finished and corrected for the
press.
P. L. S.
3 Hanover Square, London, W.
June 1st, 1900.
CONTENTS.
VOL. I.
Page
TITLEPAGE i
DEDICATION iii
PREFACE v
CONTENTS xi
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN THE TEXT xvii
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xxi
INTRODUCTION 1
Subfamily I. BUBALIDINÆ 3
Genus I. BUBALIS 5
1. THE BUBAL. _Bubalis buselaphus_ (Pall.). [Plate I.] 7
2. THE WEST-AFRICAN BUBAL. _B. major_ (Blyth) 11
3. THE TORA. _B. tora_ (Gray) 15
4. SWAYNE’S HARTEBEEST. _B. swaynei_, Scl. [Plate II.] 21
5. COKE’S HARTEBEEST. _B. cokei_ (Günth.). [Plate III.] 27
6. THE CAPE HARTEBEEST. _B. caama_ (G. Cuv.). [Plate IV.] 33
7. JACKSON’S HARTEBEEST. _B. jacksoni_, Thos 39
8. LICHTENSTEIN’S HARTEBEEST. _B. lichtensteini_ (Peters).
[Plate V.] 45
Genus II. DAMALISCUS 51
9. HUNTER’S ANTELOPE. _Damaliscus hunteri_ (Scl.).
[Plate VI.] 53
10. THE KORRIGUM. _D. korrigum_ (Ogilb.). [Plate VII.] 59
11. THE TIANG. _D. tiang_ (Heugl.) 63
12. THE TOPI. _D. jimela_ (Matsch.) 67
13. THE BONTEBOK. _D. pygargus_ (Pall.). [Plate VIII] 73
14. THE BLESSBOK. _D. albifrons_ (Burch.). [Plate IX.] 79
15. THE SASSABY. _D. lunatus_ (Burch.). [Plate X.] 85
Genus III. CONNOCHÆTES 93
16. THE BRINDLED GNU. _Connochætes taurinus_ (Burch.).
[Plate XI.] 95
17. THE WHITE-BEARDED GNU. _C. albojubatus_, Thos. 105
18. THE WHITE-TAILED GNU. _C. gnu_ (Zimm.). [Plate XII.] 111
Subfamily II. CEPHALOPHINÆ 119
Genus I. CEPHALOPHUS 121
19. THE YELLOW-BACKED DUIKER. _Cephalophus sylvicultrix_
(Afz.). [Plates XIII. & XIV. fig. 2.] 125
20. JENTINK’S DUIKER. _C. jentinki_, Thos. [Plate XV.] 131
21. ABBOTT’S DUIKER. _C. spadix_, True 135
22. THE NATAL DUIKER. _C. natalensis_, A. Smith.
[Plate XVI.] 139
23. HARVEY’S DUIKER. _C. harveyi_, Thos. [Plate XVII.] 145
24. THE BLACK-FRONTED DUIKER. _C. nigrifrons_, Gray.
[Plate XVIII. fig. 1.] 149
25. THE WHITE-BELLIED DUIKER. _C. leucogaster_, Gray 153
26. THE BAT DUIKER. _C. dorsalis_, Gray. [Plate XIX.
fig. 2.] 155
27. OGILBY’S DUIKER. _C. ogilbyi_, Waterh. [Plate XVIII.
fig. 2.] 161
28. PETERS’S DUIKER. _C. callipygus_, Pet. 165
29. THE RED-FLANKED DUIKER. _C. rufilatus_, Gray.
[Plate XIX. fig. 1.] 167
30. THE BANDED DUIKER. _C. doriæ_ (Ogilb.). [Plate XX.] 171
31. THE BLACK DUIKER. _C. niger_, Gray. [Plate XIV.
fig. 1. 175
32. MAXWELL’S DUIKER. _C. maxwelli_, H. Sm. [Plate XXI.
fig. 2.] 179
33. THE BLACK-RUMPED DUIKER. _C. melanorheus_, Gray 185
34. THE UGANDA DUIKER. _C. æquatorialis_, Matsch. 189
35. THE BLUE DUIKER. _C. monticola_ (Thunb.). [Plate XXI.
fig. 1.] 191
36. THE CROWNED DUIKER. _C. coronatus_, Gray. [Plate
XXII. fig. 2.] 195
37. THE ABYSSINIAN DUIKER. _C. abyssinicus_, Thos.
[Plate XXII. fig. 1.] 199
38. THE COMMON DUIKER. _C. grimmi_ (Linn.). [Plate
XXIII.] 203
Genus II. TETRACEROS 213
39. THE FOUR-HORNED ANTELOPE. _Tetraceros quadricornis_
(Blainv.). [Plate XXIV.] 215
VOL. II.
Subfamily III. NEOTRAGINÆ 1
Genus I. OREOTRAGUS 3
40. THE KLIPSPRINGER. _Oreotragus saltator_ (Bodd.).
[Plate XXV.] 5
Genus II. OUREBIA 13
41. THE CAPE ORIBI. _Ourebia scoparia_ (Schreb.) 15
42. PETERS’S ORIBI. _O. hastata_ (Pet.) 21
43. THE GAMBIAN ORIBI. _O. nigricaudata_ (Brooke).
[Plate XXVI.] 23
44. THE ABYSSINIAN ORIBI. O. montana (Cretzschm.) 25
45. HAGGARD’S ORIBI. _O. haggardi_ (Thos.) 29
Genus III. RAPHICERUS 33
46. THE GRYSBOK. _Raphicerus melanotis_ (Thunb.).
[Plate XXVII. fig. 2.] 35
47. THE STEINBOK. _R. campestris_ (Thunb.). [Plate XXVII.
fig. 1.] 41
48. NEUMANN’S STEINBOK. _R. neumanni_ (Matsch.) 47
Genus IV. NESOTRAGUS 49
49. THE ZANZIBAR ANTELOPE. _Nesotragus moschatus_,
von Düb. [Plate XXVIII.] 51
50. LIVINGSTONE’S ANTELOPE. _N. livingstonianus_, Kirk 55
Genus V. NEOTRAGUS 50
51. THE ROYAL ANTELOPE. _Neotragus pygmæus_ (Linn.).
[Plate XXIX.] 61
Genus VI. MADOQUA 67
52. SALT’S DIK-DIK. _Madoqua saltiana_ (Blainv.).
[Plate XXX.] 69
53. SWAYNE’S DIK-DIK. _M. swaynei_, Thos. 73
54. PHILLIPS’S DIK-DIK. _M. phillipsi_, Thos.
[Plate XXXI. fig. 2.] 75
55. THE DAMARAN DIK-DIK. _M. damarensis_ (Günth.) 79
56. KIRK’S DIK-DIK. _M. kirki_ (Günth.) 83
57. GÜNTHER’S DIK-DIK. _M. guentheri_, Thos. [Plate
XXXI. fig. 1.] 89
Subfamily IV. CERVICAPRINÆ 93
Genus I. COBUS 95
58. THE COMMON WATERBUCK. _Cobus ellipsiprymnus_
(Ogilby). [Plate XXXII.] 97
59. THE SING-SING. _C. unctuosus_ (Laurill.). [Plate
XXXIII.] 105
60. CRAWSHAY’S WATERBUCK. _C. crawshayi_, Scl. [Plate
XXXIV.] 109
61. PENRICE’S WATERBUCK. _C. penricei_, Rothsch.
[Plate XXXV.] 113
62. THE DEFASSA WATERBUCK. _C. defassa_ (Rüpp.).
[Plate XXXVI.] 115
63. MRS. GRAY’S WATERBUCK. _C. maria_, Gray. [Plate
XXXVII.] 121
64. THE WHITE-EARED KOB. _C. leucotis_ (Licht. et Pet.).
[Plate XXXVIII.] 127
65. THOMAS’S KOB. _C. thomasi_, Neumann. [Plate XXXIX.] 131
66. BUFFON’S KOB. _C. kob_ (Erxl.). [Plate XL.] 137
67. THE POKU. _C. vardoni_ (Livingst.). [Plate XLI.] 141
68. THE SENGA KOB. _C. senganus_, sp. n. 145
69. THE LECHEE. _C. lechee_ (Gray). [Plate XLII.] 149
Genus II. CERVICAPRA 155
70. THE REEDBUCK. _Cervicapra arundinum_ (Bodd.).
[Plate XLIII.] 157
71. THE BOHOR. _C. bohor_ (Rüpp.) 165
72. THE NAGOR. _C. redunca_ (Pall.). [Plate XLIV.] 171
73. THE ROI RHÉBOK. _C. fulvorufula_ (Afzel.). [Plate
XLV.] 175
74. CHANLER’S REEDBUCK. _C. chanleri_, Rothsch. 183
Genus III. PELEA 187
75. THE VAAL RHÉBOK. _Pelea capreolus_ (Bechst.).
[Plate XLVI.] 189
VOL. III.
Subfamily V. ANTILOPINÆ 1
Genus I. ANTILOPE 3
76. THE BLACK-BUCK. _Antilope cervicapra_ (Linn.).
[Plate XLVII.] 5
Genus II. ÆPYCEROS 15
77. THE PALLAH. _Æpyceros melampus_ (Licht.). [Plate
XLVIII.] 17
78. THE ANGOLAN PALLAH. _Æ. petersi_, Bocage 25
Genus III. SAIGA 29
79. THE SAIGA. _Saiga tatarica_ (Linn.). [Plate XLIX.] 31
Genus IV. PANTHOLOPS 43
80. THE CHIRU. _Pantholops hodgsoni_ (Abel). [Plate L.] 45
Genus V. ANTIDORCAS 53
81. THE SPRINGBUCK. _Antidorcas euckore_ (Zimm.).
[Plate LI.] 55
Genus VI. GAZELLA 65
82. THE TIBETAN GAZELLE. _Gazella picticaudata_ (Hodgs.).
[Plate LII.] 71
83. PRZEWALSKI’S GAZELLE. _G. przewalskii_, Büchn.
[Plate LIII.] 79
84. THE MONGOLIAN GAZELLE. _G. gutturosa_ (Pall.).
[Plate LIV.] 83
85. THE PERSIAN GAZELLE. _G. subgutturosa_ (Güld.).
[Plate LV.] 89
86. THE MARICA GAZELLE. _G. marica_, Thos. [Plate LVI.] 95
87. THE DORCAS GAZELLE. _G. dorcas_ (Linn.). [Plate LVII.] 99
88. THE EDMI GAZELLE. _G. cuvieri_ (Ogilby). [Plate
LVIII.] 109
89. THE ARABIAN GAZELLE. _G. arabica_ (Licht.). [Plate
LIX.] 115
90. THE INDIAN GAZELLE. _G. bennetti_ (Sykes). [Plate
LX.] 119
91. SPEKES GAZELLE. _G. spekei_, Blyth. [Plate LXI.] 125
92. PELZELN’S GAZELLE. _G. pelzelni_, Kohl. [Plate LXII.] 133
93. LODER’S GAZELLE. _G. leptoceros_ (F. Cuv.). [Plate
LXIII.] 137
94. THE ISABELLA GAZELLE. _G. Isabella_, Gray. [Plate
LXIV.] 151
95. THE MUSCAT GAZELLE. _G. muscatensis_, Brooke.
[Plate LXV.] 155
96. HEUGLIN’S GAZELLE. _G. tilonura_ (Heugl.). [Plate
LXVI.] 159
97. THE RED-FRONTED GAZELLE. _G. rufifrons_, Gray.
[Plate LXVII.] 163
98. THE RUFOUS GAZELLE. _G. rufina_, Thos. 167
99. THOMSON’S GAZELLE. _G. thomsoni_, Günth. [Plate
LXVIII.] 171
100. GRANT’S GAZELLE. _G. granti_, Brooke. [Plate LXIX.] 179
101. PETERS’S GAZELLE. _G. petersi_, Günth. 187
102. THE BANDED GAZELLE. _G. notata_, Thos. 191
103. SOEMMERRING’S GAZELLE. _G. soemmerringi_
(Cretzschm.). [Plate LXX.] 195
104. THE RED-NECKED GAZELLE. _G. ruficollis_ (Ham.
Smith). [Plate LXXI.] 205
105. THE DAMA GAZELLE. _G. dama_ (Pall.) 209
106. THE MHORR GAZELLE. _G. mhorr_ (Benn.). [Plate
LXXII.] 213
Genus VII. AMMODORCAS 217
107. THE DIBATAG. _Ammodorcas clarkei_ (Thos.). [Plate
LXXIII.] 219
Genus VIII. LITHOCRANIUS 227
108. THE GERENUK. _Lithocranius walleri_ (Brooke).
[Plate LXXIV.] 229
Genus IX. DORCOTRAGUS 239
109. THE BEIRA. _Dorcotragus megalotis_ (Menges).
[Plate LXXV.] 241
VOL. IV.
Subfamily VI. HIPPOTRAGINÆ 1
Genus I. Hippotragus 3
110. THE BLUE-BUCK. _Hippotragus leucophæus_ (Pall.).
[Plate LXXVI.] 5
111. THE ROAN ANTELOPE. _H. equinus_ (Desm.). [Plates
LXXVII. & LXXVIII.] 13
112. THE SABLE ANTELOPE. _H. niger_ (Harr.). [Plates
LXXIX. & LXXX.] 31
Genus II. ORYX 41
113. THE LEUCORYX. _Oryx leucoryx_ (Licht.). [Plate
LXXXI.] 43
114. THE BEATRIX ANTELOPE. _O. beatrix_, Gray. [Plate
LXXXII.] 51
115. THE GEMSBOK. _O. gazella_ (Linn.). [Plate LXXXIII.] 57
116. THE BEISA. _O. beisa_ (Rüpp.). [Plate LXXXIV.] 65
117. THE TUFTED BEISA. _O. callotis_, Thomas. [Plate
LXXXV.] 73
Genus III. ADDAX 77
118. THE ADDAX. _Addax naso-maculatus_ (Blainv.).
[Plate LXXXVI.] 79
Subfamily VII. TRAGELAPHINÆ 89
Genus I. BOSELAPHUS 91
119. THE NILGAI. _Boselaphus tragocamelus_ (Pallas).
[Plate LXXXVII.] 93
Genus II. TRAGELAPHUS 103
120. THE DECULA ANTELOPE. _Tragelaphus decula_ (Rüpp.).
[Plate LXXXVIII.] 105
121. THE HARNESSED ANTELOPE. _T. scriptus_ (Pallas).
[Plate LXXXIX.] 109
122. THE CAPE BUSHBUCK. _T. sylvaticus_ (Sparrm.).
[Plate XC. fig. 2.] 117
123. CUMMING’S BUSHBUCK. _T. roualeynei_ (Cumming).
[Plate XC. fig. 1.] 123
124. DELAMERE’S BUSHBUCK. _T. delamerei_, Pocock 129
125. THE BROAD-HORNED ANTELOPE. _T. eurycerus_ (Ogilby).
[Plate XCI.] 131
126. ANGAS’ ANTELOPE. _T. angasi_, Angas. [Plate XCII.] 137
Genus III. LIMNOTRAGUS 149
127. SPEKE’S SITATUNGA. _Limnotragus spekii_ (Sclater).
[Plate XCIII.] 151
128. SELOUS’S SITATUNGA. _L. selousi_ (Rothsch.).
[Plate XCIV.] 157
129. THE CONGAN SITATUNGA. _L. gratus_ (Sclater).
[Plate XCV.] 165
Genus IV. STREPSICEROS 171
130. THE GREATER KUDU. _Strepsiceros capensis_
(A. Smith). [Plate XCVI.] 173
131. THE LESSER KUDU. _S. imberbis_, Blyth. [Plate
XCVII.] 185
Genus V. TAUROTRAGUS 193
132. THE ELAND. _Taurotragus oryx_ (Pall.). [Plates
XCVIII. & XCIX.] 195
133. THE DERBIAN ELAND. _T. derbianus_ (Gray).
[Plate C.] 215
APPENDIX.
LIST OF THE SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES OF ANTELOPES DESCRIBED
AS NEW DURING THE PROGRESS OF THIS WORK 223
INDEX 229
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
IN THE TEXT.
VOL. I.
Page
1_a_, 1_b_. Horns of _Bubalis major_ 12
1_c_, 1_d_. Horns and skull of _Bubalis major_ 13
2. Head of _Bubalis tora_ 18
3. Skull of _Bubalis swaynei_ 24
4_a_. Horns of _Bubalis cokei_, front view 28
4_b_. Horns of _Bubalis cokei_, side view 29
4_c_. Horns of _Bubalis cokei_, front view 30
5. Front view of head of Jackson’s Hartebeest 43
6_a_. Skull of _Bubalis lichtensteini_, ♂ 49
6_b_. Skull of _Bubalis lichtensteini_, ♀ 50
7_a_. Head of _Damaliscus hunteri_ 54
7_b_. Skull and horns of _Damaliscus hunteri_, ♂ ad. 55
7_c_. Skull and horns of _Damaliscus hunteri_, ♀ ad. 55
8. Skull of _Damaliscus tiang_, ♀ 64
9. Skull of _Damaliscus jimela_, from Lamu 69
9_a_. Head of _Damaliscus jimela_, from Malindi 69
10. _Damaliscus pygargus_ 77
11. _Damaliscus albifrons_ 82
12. Head of supposed hybrid between _Damaliscus lunatus_
and _Bubalis caama_ 90
13. Adult Brindled Gnu 98
14. Skull of _Connochætes albojubatus_, ♂ 106
15. Young White-tailed Gnu (five months old) 115
15_a_. Young White-tailed Gnu (eight months old) 116
15_b_. Horns of young Gnu (11 weeks old) 118
15_c_. Horns of young Gnu (19 months old) 118
16. Skull of _Cephalophus sylvicultrix_, ad. 128
16_a_. Skull of _Cephalophus sylvicultrix_, jr. 129
17. Head of Harvey’s Duiker 146
18. Skull of _Cephalophus nigrifrons_ 150
19. Skull of _Cephalophus rufilatus_, jr. 169
20. Skull of _Cephalophus maxwelli_ 182
21. Skull of _Cephalophus coronatus_ 196
22. Skull of _Cephalophus grimmi_ 207
VOL. II.
23. _Ourebia scoparia_, ♂ 17
24. Skull of _Ourebia haggardi_, ♂ 30
25. Skull of _Nesotragus livingstonianus_, ♂ 57
26. Skull of _Nesotragus pygmæus_, ♂ 64
27. Skull of _Madoqua phillipsi_ 77
28. Fore part of skull of _Madoqua damarensis_, side view }
}
28_a_. Upper view of snout of _M. damarensis_ }
}
28_b_. Lower view of snout of _M. damarensis_ }
}
28_c_. Lower view of snout of _M. saltiana_ } 80
}
28_d_. Posterior mandibulary molar of _M. saltiana_ }
}
28_e_. Posterior mandibulary molar of _M. damarensis_ }
}
29. Head of _Madoqua kirki_ 84
29_a_. Skull of _Madoqua kirki_ (side view) 85
29_b_. Skull of _Madoqua kirki_ (upper view) 85
30. Skull of _Madoqua guentheri_ (side view) 90
30_a_. Skull of _Maduqua guentheri_ (from above) 90
31. Skull and horns of _Cobus crawshayi_ 110
32. Head and foot of “Nsumma Antelope” 117
33. Head of _Cobus maria_, ♂ 123
34. Head of _Cobus thomasi_, ♂ 135
35. Horns of _Cobus vardoni_.--_a._ Side view; _b._
Front view 143
36. Head of _Cobus lechee_ 151
37. Horns of _Cervicapra arundinum_ from Nyasaland 163
38. Skull of _Cervicapra fulvorufula_ 168
39. Skull of _Cervicapra bohor_ 169
40. Head of _Cervicapra redunca_ 174
41. Horns of _Cervicapra fulvorufula_, not adult 181
42. Horns of _Cervicapra fulvorufula_, aged 181
43. Head of _Cervicapra chanleri_ 184
44. Head of Vaal Rhébok, ♂ 193
VOL. III.
45. Horns of Black-buck, ♂ 13
46. Abnormal horns of female Indian Antelope 14
47. Head of Pallah, ♂, front view 23
48. Front view of head of Angolan Pallah 26
49. Group of Saigas 35
50. Frontlet and horns of Saiga (fossil), ♂ 39
51. Head of male Saiga in its winter dress 40
52. Horns of Chiru 48
53. Horns of Springbuck, ♂ & ♀ 61
54. Skull and horns of the Tibetan Gazelle 73
55. Goa Antelopes on the Donkia Pass 74
56. Skull and horns of Mongolian Gazelle 87
57. Head of Dorcas Gazelle, ♂ 108
58. Head of Edmi Gazelle, ♂ 113
59. Front view of head of Edmi Gazelle, ♀ 114
60. Head of Arabian Gazelle 117
61. Head of _Gazella fuscifrons_, ♀ 123
62. Head of adult male Speke’s Gazelle 128
63. Head of adult female Speke’s Gazelle 129
64. Head of young male Speke’s Gazelle 131
65. Head of Pelzeln’s Gazelle, ♂ 135
65 _a_. Skull of Pelzeln’s Gazelle, ♀ 135
66. Diagram of horns of Rhime (_a_) and Admi (_b_) 143
67. Front view of head of a female Loder’s Gazelle 147
68. Skull of _Gazella leptoceros loderi_, ♂ 148
69, 69 _a_. Heads of Isabella Gazelle, ♂ & ♀ 154
70, 70 _a_. Heads of Muscat Gazelle, ♂ & ♀ 156
71, 72. Heads of Heuglin’s Gazelle, ♂ & ♀ 160
73. Skull of Rufous Gazelle 168
74. Horns of Thomson’s Gazelle, ♂ 172
75. Front view of head of Thomson’s Gazelle, ♀ 174
76. Grant’s Gazelle, Ugogo 181
77, 78. Heads of Grant’s Gazelle, ♂ & ♀ 182
79. Skull and horns of Peters’s Gazelle, ♂ 188
80. Skin of the Banded Gazelle 192
81. Skull and horns of _Gazella soemmerringi typica_ (male) 197
82 _a_, 82 _b_. Skull and horns of _Gazella soemmerringi
berberana_, ♂ & ♀ 198
83. Head of the Dibatag 222
84. Map of Somaliland (showing the localities of the
Dibatag) 225
85. Skull of the Gerenuk 231
86. Sketch of Gerenuk, ♂ & ♀, in characteristic attitudes 232
87. Front view of the head of the Beira 245
VOL. IV.
88. Frontlet of the Blue-buck 11
89. Horns of Baker’s Roan Antelope 25
90. Head of Roan Antelope 29
91. Head of Sable Antelope 38
92. A Leucoryx attacked by a Lion 48
93. Young Leucoryx 49
94. Female Beisa 70
95. Horns of male Addax 83
96. Horns of female Addax 83
97. Head of a female Addax 85
98. Skull and horns of an adult male Nilgai 100
99. Frontlet of an adult male Nilgai 101
100. Skull and horns of Cumming’s Bushbuck 126
101. Frontlet of Cumming’s Bushbuck 127
102. Delamere’s Bushbuck 130
103. The Bongo Antelope 134
104. Head and horns of the Broad-horned Antelope 135
105. Head and horns of Angas’ Antelope 140
106. Angas’ Antelope, ♂ & ♀ 146
107. Horns of _Tragelaphus_ sp. inc. 147
108. Speke’s Sitatunga in a Papyrus-swamp 153
109. Horns and feet of Speke’s Sitatunga 154
110. Speke’s Sitatunga, ♂ & ♀ 156
111. Outer view of right foot of Selous’s Sitatunga,
⅓ nat. size 158
112. Horns of Congan Sitatunga 167
113. Head of Congan Sitatunga, from the specimen in the
British Museum 169
114. Male and female Kudu 183
115. Horns of Lesser and Greater Kudus 188
116. Skull and horns of Livingstone’s Eland, ♂ 205
117. Horns of _Taurotragus oryx gigas_ 208
118. Abnormal horns of female Eland 209
119. Herd of Derbian Elands 218
120. Horns of Derbian Eland 219
121. Front view of the horns of the Derbian Eland 221
ALPHABETICAL LIST
OF THE
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE REFERENCES TO LITERATURE,
AND EXPLANATIONS OF THEM[1].
_Abh. Ak. Berl._--Abhandlungen der königlichen Akademie der
Wissenschaften zu Berlin. 4to. Berlin.
_Act. Ac. Imp. Sc. Petrop._--Acta Academiæ Scientiarum
Imperialis Petropolitanæ. 4to. Petropoli.
_Act. Holm._--Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens nya Handlingar. I.
8vo. Stockholm, 1780.
_Acta Acad. Theod. Palat._--Acta Academiæ Electoralis
Theodoro-Palatinæ. 4to. Mannhemii.
=Allamand.=--See Schneider’s edition of Buffon.
=Andersson=, _Lake Ngami_.--Lake Ngami; or, Explorations and
Discoveries during four Years’ Wanderings in the Wilds of
South-western Africa. By C. J. ANDERSSON. 8vo. London, 1856.
=Angas=, _Kaffirs Illustrated_.--Kaffirs Illustrated in a Series
of Drawings taken among the Amazulu, Amaponda, and Amakosa
Tribes. By G. F. ANGAS. Folio. London, 1849.
_Ann. Mag. N. H._--The Annals and Magazine of Natural History.
8vo. London.
_Ann. Mus. Genov._--Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale
di Genova. 8vo. Genoa.
_Ann. Mus. Wien._--Annalen des k.-k. naturhistorischen
Hofmuseums, Wien. 4to. Wien.
_Ann. Sci. Nat._--Annales des Sciences Naturelles. Zoologie.
8vo. Paris.
_Arch. f. Nat._--Archiv für Naturgeschichte, gegründet von A. F.
A. WIEGMANN. 8vo. Berlin.
_Badm. Libr. Big Game Shooting._--The Badmington Library. Big
Game Shooting. By CLIVE PHILLIPPS-WOLLEY. 2 vols. 8vo. London,
1894.
=Baines=, _Expl. S.W. Afr._--Explorations in South-west Africa.
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=Baker=, _Ismaïlia_.--Ismaïlia; a Narrative of the Expedition to
Central Africa for the Suppression of the Slave Trade. By Sir
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=Baker=, _Nile Tributaries_.--The Nile Tributaries of Abyssinia,
and the Sword Hunters of the Hamran Arabs. By Sir SAMUEL W.
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=Baldwin=, _Afr. Hunt._--African Hunting and Adventure from
Natal to the Zambesi. By W. C. BALDWIN. 8vo. London, 1854.
=Barth=, _Reise._--Reisen und Entdeckungen in Nord-und
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=Bechst.= _Allgem. Uebers. vierf. Thiere_, or =Bechst.= _Syst.
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=Bennett=, _Gard. & Menag. Z. S._--Gardens and Menagerie of the
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=Blanf.= _E. Persia_.--Eastern Persia: an Account of the
Journeys of the Persian Boundary Commission, 1870–72. Vol. II.
Zoology and Geology. By W. T. BLANFORD. 8vo. London, 1876.
=Blanf.= _Mamm. Brit. Ind._--The Fauna of British India,
including Ceylon and Burma. Mammalia. By W. T. BLANFORD, F.R.S.
8vo. London, 1888–91.
=Blanf.= _Yark. Miss._, _Mamm._--Scientific Results of the
Second Yarkand Mission; based upon the Collections and Notes of
the late Ferdinand Stolickza, Ph.D. Mammalia. By W. T. BLANFORD.
4to. Calcutta, 1879.
=Blanf.= _Zool. Abyss._--Observations on the Geology and Zoology
of Abyssinia. By W. T. BLANFORD. 8vo. London, 1870.
Blyth, _Cat. Mus. As. Soc._--Catalogue of the Mammalia in the
Museum Asiatic Society. By EDWARD BLYTH. 8vo. Calcutta. 1863.
=Bodd.= _Elench. Anim._--P. Boddaert, Elenchus Animalium. 8vo.
Rotterodami, 1785.
=Brehm=, _Thierl._--Brehm’s Thierleben. Allgemeine Kunde des
Thierreichs. Säugethiere. Band III. Royal 8vo. Leipzig, 1880.
=Brookes=, _Cat. Mus._--A Catalogue of the Anatomical and
Zoological Museum of Joshua Brookes, Esq. 8vo. London, 1828.
=Bryden=, _Gun and Camera_.--Gun and Camera in Southern Africa.
By H. ANDERSON BRYDEN. 8vo. London, 1893.
=Bryden=, _Kloof and Karroo_.--Kloof and Karroo: Sport, Legend,
and Natural History in Cape Colony. 8vo. London, 1889.
=Buff.= _Hist. Nat._--Histoire Naturelle, générale et
particulière, avec la Description du Cabinet du Roi. Par COMTE
DE BUFFON. 44 vols. 4to. Paris, 1749–1804.
----. See also =Schneider=.
_Bull. Soc. Acclim._--Bulletin de la Société Nationale
d’Acclimatation de France. 8vo. Paris.
_Bull. Soc. Moscou._--Bulletin Société Impériale des
Naturalistes de Moscou. 8vo. Moscou.
_Bull. Soc. Philom._--Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de
Paris. 4to. and 8vo. Paris.
=Burch.= _List Mamm. pres. to B. M._--List of the Mammals
presented to the British Museum. By W. J. BURCHELL. 8vo. London,
1825.
=Burchell=, _Trav._--Travels in the Interior of Southern Africa.
By WILLIAM J. BURCHELL. 2 vols. 4to. London, 1822–24.
=Büttik.= _Reisebilder_, or =Büttik.= _Reiseb. a.
Liberia_.--Reisebilder aus Liberia. Von J. BÜTTIKOFER. 2 vols.
8vo. Leiden, 1890.
_Calc. Journ. N. H._--Calcutta Journal of Natural History. 8vo.
Calcutta.
=Chanler=, _Through Jungle and Desert_.--Through Jungle and
Desert, Travels in Eastern Africa. By W. A. CHANLER. 8vo.
London, 1896.
=Chapman=, _Travels &c._--Travels in the Interior of South
Africa. By JAMES CHAPMAN. 2 vols. 8vo. London, 1868.
=Cretzschmar=, _Atl. Rüpp. Reise_.--Atlas zu der Reise im
nördlichen Afrika von Eduard Rüppell. Säugethiere. Bearbeitet
von Ph. J. CRETZSCHMAR. Folio. Frankfurt-am-Main, 1826.
=Cumming=, _Hunter’s Life in S. Afr._--Five Years of a Hunter’s
Life in the far Interior of South Africa. By R. GORDON CUMMING.
2 vols. 8vo. London, 1850.
=Cuv.= _An. K._--See Griff. _Cuv. An. K._
=F. Cuv.= _H. N. Mamm._--Histoire Naturelle des Mammifères, avec
des figures originales, coloriées, dessinées d’après des Animaux
vivants; ouvrage publié sous l’autorité de l’Administration
du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle. Par GEOFFROY SAINT-HILAIRE et
FRÉDÉRIC CUVIER. Folio. Paris.
=G. Cuv.= _R. A._--Le Règne Animal. Par M. le Ch^{er.} CUVIER. 4
vols. 8vo. Paris, 1817.
----.----. 8vo. Paris, 1836–46. (Masson & Co.)
=G. Cuv.= _Tabl. Élém._--Tableau élémentaire de l’Histoire
Naturelle des Animaux. 8vo. Paris, 1798.
=Daniell=, _African Scenery_.--African Scenery, being
Illustrations of the Animals and Native Inhabitants in Southern
Africa. By SAMUEL DANIELL. Folio. London, 1804–8.
=Daniell=, _Afr. Sketch_.--Sketches representing the Native
Tribes, Animals, and Scenery of Southern Africa, from Drawings
made by the late Mr. Samuel Daniell, engraved by WILLIAM
DANIELL. 4to. London, 1820.
=De Fil.= _Viagg. in Persia._--Note di un Viaggio in Persia nel
1862. Di F. DE FILIPPI. 8vo. Milano, 1865.
=Démidoff=, _Voy. Russ. Mérid._--Voyage dans la Russie
Méridionale et la Crimée. Exécuté en 1837, sous la Direction de
M. ANATOLE DE DÉMIDOFF. Tome III. 8vo. Paris, 1840.
=Denh. & Clapp.= _Trav._--Narrative of Travels and Discoveries
in Northern and Central Africa in the Years 1822–24. By Major
DENHAM, Captain CLAPPERTON, and the late Doctor OUDNEY; with an
Appendix by Major DIXON DENHAM and Captain HUGH CLAPPERTON. 4to.
London, 1826.
=Desm. Mamm.=--Mammalogie, ou Description des Espèces de
Mammifères, par M. A. G. DESMAREST. 2 parts in 1 vol. 4to.
Paris, 1820–22.
_Dict. Class._--Dictionnaire Classique d’Histoire Naturelle.
8vo. Paris, 1822–30.
_Dict. Sci. Nat._--Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles. 8vo.
Paris, 1816–30.
_Dict. Univ. d’H. N._--Dictionnaire Universel d’Histoire
Naturelle. Dirigé par M. CHARLES d’ORBIGNY. Text 13 vols., Atlas
3 vols. 8vo. Paris, 1847–49.
=Distant=, _Transvaal_.--A Naturalist in the Transvaal. By W. L.
DISTANT. 8vo. London, 1892.
=Donnd.= _Zool. Beytr._--Zoologische Beyträge zur xiii. Ausgabe
des Linnéischen Natursystems. By JOHANN AUGUST DONNDORFF. 4
vols. 8vo. Leipzig, 1792–98.
=Drummond=, _Large Game S. Afr._--The Large Game and Natural
History of South and South-east Africa. From the Journals of the
Hon. W. H. DRUMMOND. 8vo. Edinburgh, 1875.
=Du Chaill.= _Expl. & Adv. Equat. Afr._--Explorations and
Adventures in Equatorial Africa. By PAUL B. DU CHAILLU. 8vo.
London, 1861.
_Echo du Monde Savant._--L’Echo du Monde Savant. 4to. Paris.
_Edinb. Journ. Sc._--Edinburgh Journal of Science. 8vo.
Edinburgh.
=Ehrenb.= _Symb. Phys._--Symbolæ Physicæ, seu Icones et
Descriptiones corporum naturalium novorum aut minus cognitorum
quæ ex itineribus per Libyam, Ægyptum, Nubiam, Dongalam, Syriam,
Arabiam et Habessiniam. Publico Institutis sumptu F. G. HEMPRICH
et C. G. EHRENBERG. Folio. Berolini, 1828.
=Eichwald=, _Faun. Caspio-Caucas_.--Fauna Caspio-Caucasia. Von
E. EICHWALD. 4to. Petropoli, 1841.
=Elliot=, _Publ. Chicago Mus., Zool._--Field Columbian Museum.
Publications. Zoological Series. 8vo. Chicago, U.S.A.
=Emin=, _Reise-Briefen_.--Emin Pasha in Central Africa, being a
Collection of his Letters and Journal. Edited and annotated by
Prof. G. SCHWEINFURTH, Prof. F. RATZEL, Dr. R. W. FELKIN, and
Dr. G. HARTLAUB. Translated by Mrs. R. W. FELKIN. 8vo. London,
1888.
=Erxl.= _Syst. R. A._--Christ. Polyc. Erxleben Systema Regni
Animalis per Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, &c. Classis I.
Mammalia. 8vo. Lipsiæ, 1777.
“_Field._”--Field, the Farm, the Garden; the Country Gentleman’s
Newspaper. Folio. London, 1853–1900.
=Fisch.= _Zoogn._--Zoognosia tabulis synopticis illustrata, etc.
Auctore GOTTHELP FISCHER. 3 vols. Mosquæ, 1813–14.
=Fisch.= _Syn. Mamm._--Synopsis Mammalium. Auctore JOHANNE
BAPTISTA FISCHER. 8vo. Stuttgardtiæ, 1729.
=Flow. & Gars.= _Cat. Ost. Coll. Surg._--Catalogue of the
Specimens illustrating the Osteology and Dentition of
Vertebrated Animals recent and extinct, contained in the Museum
of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. Part II. Mammalia.
By W. H. FLOWER, LL.D., assisted by J. G. GARSON, M.D. 8vo.
London, 1884.
=Flow. & Lyd.= _Mamm._--An Introduction to the Study of Mammals
living and extinct. By W. H. FLOWER, C.B., and RICHARD LYDEKKER,
B.A. 8vo. London, 1891.
=Forst.= _Descr. Anim._--Descriptiones Animalium quæ in
itinere ad Maris Australis Terras per Annos 1772–74. Collegit,
Observavit et Delineavit J. R. FORSTER. Curante HENRICO
LICHTENSTEIN. 8vo. Berolini, 1844.
=Forst.= _Zool. Ind._--Indische Zoologie oder systematische
Beschreibungen seltener und unbekannter Thiere aus Indien.
Herausgegeben von J. R. FORSTER. Folio. Halle, 1781.
=Fraser=, _Zool. Typ._--Zoologia Typica, or Figures of new or
rare Mammals and Birds described in the Proceedings or exhibited
in the Collections of the Zoological Society of London. By LOUIS
FRASER. Folio. London, 1849.
=Gatt.= _Brev. Zool._--Breviarum Zoologiæ. Pars I. Mammalia.
Auctore C. W. J. GATTERER. 8vo. Gottingæ, 1780.
=I. Geoffr. St.-Hil.= _Voy. Jacq. Mamm._--Voyage dans l’Inde,
par Victor Jacquemont, pendant les Années 1828 à 1832. Tome IV.
Mammifères, par I. GEOFF. SAINT-HILAIRE. Folio. Paris, 1844.
=Gerrard=, _Cat. Bones Mamm. B. M._--Catalogue of the Bones of
Mammalia in the British Museum. By EDWARD GERRARD. 8vo. London,
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=Gerv.= _Hist. Nat. Mamm._--Histoire Naturelle des Mammifères.
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=Gesner=, _Hist. Anim. Quadr._--Conradi Gesneri medici Tigurini,
Historiæ Animalium. Liber I. de Quadrupedibus viviparis. Editio
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=Gieb.= _Säug._--Die Säugethiere in zoologischer, anatomischer
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C. G. GIEBEL. 8vo. Leipzig, 1859.
_Glean. in Sc._--Gleanings in Science. 3 vols. 8vo. Calcutta,
1829–31.
=Glog.= _Naturg._--Gemeinnütziges Hand-und Hilfsbuch der
Naturgeschichte. Von Dr. C. W. L. GLOGER. 8vo. Breslau, 1841.
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GMELIN. Vol. I. 8vo. Lipsiæ, 1788.
=Gray=, _Cat. Hodgson Coll._, or _Cat. Mamm. Nepal_, _Hodgson
Coll._--Catalogue of the Specimens and Drawings of Mammalia and
Birds of Nepal and Thibet. Presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq., to
the British Museum. By J. E. GRAY. 12mo. London, 1846.
----.----. Second edition. 8vo. London, 1863.
=Gray=, _Cat. Rum. B. M._--Catalogue of Ruminant Mammalia
(Pecora, Linnæus) in the British Museum. By J. E. GRAY. 8vo.
London, 1872.
=Gray=, _Cat. Ung. B. M._--Catalogue of the Specimens of
Mammalia in the Collection of the British Museum. Part III.
Ungulata Furcipeda. By J. E. GRAY. 12mo. London, 1852.
=Gray=, _Hand-l. Rum._--Hand-list of the Edentate,
Thick-skinned, and Ruminant Mammals in the British Museum. By
Dr. J. E. GRAY. 8vo. London, 1873.
=Gray=, _List Mamm. B. M._--List of the Specimens of Mammalia
in the Collection of the British Museum. By J. E. GRAY. 12mo.
London, 1843.
=Gray=, _List Ost. B. M._--List of the Osteological Specimens
in the Collection of the British Museum. By J. E. GRAY. 12mo.
London, 1847.
=Gray=, _Med. Repos._--Gray in Medical Repository, or Original
Essays and Intelligence, relative to Physic, Surgery, Chemistry,
and Natural History. 8vo. New York, vol. xv. (1821).
=Gray & Hardw.= _Ill. Ind. Zool._--Illustrations of Indian
Zoology, chiefly selected from the Collection of Major-Gen.
Hardwicke. By J. E. GRAY. 2 vols. Folio. London, 1830–34.
=Griff.= _Cuv. An. K._--The Animal Kingdom, arranged in
conformity with its Organization, by the Baron CUVIER; with
additional Descriptions of all the Species hitherto named, and
of many not before noticed, by EDWARD GRIFFITH and others. 16
vols. 8vo. London, 1827–34.
=Harris=, _Wild Sports S. Afr._--The Wild Sports of Southern
Africa; being a Narrative of a Hunting Expedition from the Cape
of Good Hope, through the Territories of the Chief Moselekatse,
to the Tropic of Capricorn. By Capt. WILLIAM CORNWALLIS HARRIS.
8vo. London, 1839.
----.----. Fifth edition. Royal 8vo. London, 1852.
=Harris=, _Wild An. S. Afr._--Portraits of the Game and Wild
Animals of Southern Africa. By Capt. W. CORNWALLIS HARRIS.
Folio. London, 1840.
=Hempr. & Ehr.= _Symb. Phys._--Symbolæ Physicæ, seu Icones et
Descriptiones corporum naturalium novorum aut minus cognitorum
quæ ex itineribus per Libyam, Ægyptum, Nubiam, Dongalam, Syriam,
Arabiam et Habessiniam. Publico Institutis sumptu F. G. HEMPRICH
et C. G. EHRENBERG. Folio. Berolini, 1828–45.
=Herm.= _Obs. Zool._--Observationes Zoologicæ. Par JOHANNES
HERMANN. 4to. Argentorati, 1804.
=Herm.= _Tabl. Affin. Anim._--Tabula Affinitatum Animalium.
Auctore JOHANNES HERMANN. 4to. Argentorati, 1783.
=Heude=, _Mém. Hist. Nat. Chine._--Mémoires concernant
l’Histoire Naturelle de l’Empire Chinois. Par P. M. HEUDE. Vols.
I.-III. Imp. 4to. Chang-hai, 1880–97.
=Heugl.= _Ant. u. Buff. N.O.-Afr._ (_N. Act. Leopold._ xxx. pt.
2).--Ueber die Antilopen und Büffel Nordost-Afrika’s. Von TH. V.
HEUGLIN. (Nova Acta kaiserliche Leopoldino-Carolinische deutsche
Akademie der Naturforscher, Band xxx. part 2, 1863.)
=Heugl.= _Faun. roth. Meer._, _Peterm. Mitth._--Th. v.
Heuglin’s Forschungen über die Fauna des Rothen Meeres und der
Somáli-Küste. (Petermann’s Mittheilungen, 1861, p. 11.)
=Heugl.= _Reise N.O.-Afr._--Reise in Nordost-Afrika. Von TH.
HEUGLIN. 2 vols. 8vo. Braunschweig, 1877.
=Heugl.= _Reise Weiss. Nil._--Reise in das Gebiet des Weissen
Nil und seiner westlichen Zuflüsse in den Jahren 1862–64. Von
TH. V. HEUGLIN. 8vo. Leipzig, 1869.
=Hooker=, _Himalayan Journal_.--Himalayan Journals; or, Notes
of a Naturalist in Bengal, the Sikkim and Nepal Himalayas; the
Khasia Mountains, &c. By JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER. 2 vols. 8vo.
London, 1854.
=Horsf.= _Cat. Mamm. Mus. E. I. Co._, or _Cat. Mamm. Ind.
Mus._--A. Catalogue of the Mammalia in the Museum of the Hon.
East-India Company. By THOMAS HORSFIELD. 8vo. London, 1851.
=Hoyos=, _Aulihan_.--Zu den Aulihan. Reise-und Jagderlebnisse in
Somâlilande von ERNST GRAF HOYOS, Jun. 8vo. Wien, 1895.
=Huet=, _Coll. Mamm. Mus. d’Hist. Nat._--Collection des
Mammifères du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, classée suivant la
méthode de Cuvier; dessinée d’après nature par HUET. 4to. Paris,
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=Humboldt.=--HUMBOLDT: Monatschrift für die gesamten
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