sur-le-champ et conduire chez lui le capitaine Argenton, qui, devant
le général Lefebvre et Favre, refit, dans les mêmes termes, la
narration du plan du Comité, insistant, paraît-il, à diverses reprises,
pour tenter de décider le maréchal à entrer dans ses vues, en lui
dépeignant, sous des couleurs séduisantes, la grandeur et la noblesse
de l’entreprise, dont le but principal était de rendre à la France et
à l’Europe entière une paix que tout le monde souhaitait ardemment,
et que la folle ambition de l’Empereur rendait seule impossible. Mais
ne pouvant obtenir du maréchal la promesse formelle qu’aucun des
officiers dont il citerait les noms ne serait inquiété, il se refusa
à désigner les membres du Comité qui l’avait fait agir. Plus tard,
dans ses interrogatoires en France, il déclara que devant ce refus
de sa part le maréchal s’emporta violemment, le menaça de le faire
fusiller sur-le-champ, et qu’il ne dut son salut qu’à l’intervention
généreuse du général Lefebvre, qui rappela durement au Duc de Dalmatie
la promesse solennelle qu’il lui avait faite (à lui, Lefebvre), sur
l’honneur, qu’Argenton ne serait point inquiété. Il fut réintégré
dans sa prison, à son grand étonnement, dit-il. Furieux de se voir
sous les verrous, malgré la promesse formelle que lui aurait faite le
maréchal, prétend-il, il s’obstina d’abord dans un mutisme absolu,
refusant, pendant toute la matinée du 9, de se prêter à aucun nouvel
interrogatoire. Cependant, sur les instances réitérées et pressantes du
lieutenant de gendarmerie Bernon, que le maréchal envoya, à plusieurs
reprises, le voir dans sa prison, et sous la foi de la promesse
solennelle que lui apporta ce dernier, de la part du Duc, que lui et
tous les officiers compromis auraient l’honneur et la vie saufs, et
qu’un voile épais serait jeté à jamais sur cette affaire, il se décida
dans la soirée à écrire au maréchal qu’il consentait à lui faire des
aveux complets. Mais se ravisant, il lui écrivit une deuxième lettre
où il mettait comme condition à ses aveux qu’il n’y aurait _qu’un seul
témoin_ présent à ses déclarations, et qu’il désirait que ce témoin fût
le général Lefebvre. Pour des raisons qui sont demeurées inconnues,
le maréchal substitua, comme témoin, au général Lefebvre, le général
Ricard et le lieutenant Bernon. Argenton accepta cependant de faire ses
aveux et fut introduit à 10 heures du soir dans le salon du maréchal.
Le lieutenant Bernon et le général Ricard firent, dès le 10 mai, une
déclaration écrite des révélations faites devant eux au maréchal par
Argenton dans l’entrevue du 9 mai. Leurs déclarations concordent
entièrement avec celles du général Lefebvre et du capitaine Favre,
et ce serait toujours le fameux projet de renversement de l’Empire
qu’Argenton aurait indiqué comme but du Comité.
A la suite de ces aveux, Argenton est reconduit dans sa prison et le
maréchal, faussant sa promesse, fait arrêter le colonel Lafitte, qui
commandait le régiment ou servait Argenton.
Mais cependant l’armée anglaise se portait en avant et, à la suite
de circonstances demeurées bien obscures, le maréchal Soult était
surpris dans Oporto et sur le point de ne pouvoir s’en échapper.
Argenton, confié à la garde du lieutenant Bernon et d’un détachement
d’infanterie, est emmené dans la retraite. Le second jour il s’évade
subitement, dans des circonstances tellement romanesques que, malgré
le rapport du lieutenant Bernon au Duc de Conégliano, on est quelque
peu porté à croire que sa fuite fut facilitée par le commandement.
Le 14 mai, au soir, Argenton fugitif gagnait Oporto, et de là se
rendait à Lisbonne d’où l’amiral anglais le faisait conduire à Londres
sur un vaisseau anglais, avec des lettres de recommandation pour le
ministre de la marine. Bien accueilli par ce dernier, qui lui proposa
même, dit-il, de le pensionner, il séjourna quelque temps à Londres.
Mais pris bientôt de la nostalgie du pays natal et dévoré du désir de
venir rejoindre sa femme pour vivre en France ‘ignoré dans quelque coin
perdu,’ il avise aux moyens de passer la Manche. Il fabrique un faux
cartel d’échange au nom de ‘Dessort,’ sous la signature du général
Ricard, chef d’état-major du maréchal Soult, et sur les recommandations
de l’Amirauté anglaise il s’embarque à Deal et atterrit à Sangatte le
28 juin 1809. Malgré son faux nom, Argenton ne tarde pas en effet à
être arrêté.
Dès son premier interrogatoire, il s’était décidé à reconnaître son
identité et, avouant son faux de cartel d’échange, il abandonne le
pseudonyme de ‘Dessort’ et redevient Argenton. Mais ici la scène
change: se prêtant volontiers aux interrogatoires, il ne fait aucune
difficulté pour expliquer ses voyages près des généraux anglais;
mais il leur donne un but tout autre et il assigne au Comité, dont
il se dit toujours avoir été l’agent, des intentions totalement
différentes de celles que, selon Lefebvre, Ricard, Favre, et Bernon,
il aurait indiquées à Oporto. Il n’est plus question de conspiration
contre l’Empereur, de projets de renversement dynastique. Bien au
contraire, le Comité, entièrement dévoué à Napoléon et à sa cause,
voulait lui ramener une armée dont le sort était gravement compromis
par la maladresse du maréchal Soult, qui ne rêvait rien moins que
de faire de cette armée la sienne propre, et de s’en servir pour la
réalisation de ses projets ambitieux. Devant ses projets ouvertement
affichés de se faire décerner la couronne de Portugal, un parti de
mécontents s’était formé pour déjouer ses vues et le mettre dans
l’impossibilité de commettre le crime de lèse-majesté qu’il méditait.
A la tête de ce parti, se trouvait, dit Argenton, un comité composé
des généraux Laborde et Loison, des colonels Lafitte et St. Géniéz et
d’un colonel aide-de-camp du général Loison. Le Comité devait, dès que
le maréchal aurait mis en exécution son projet, nullement déguisé, de
s’emparer de la couronne, se saisir de sa personne, et, à la suite
d’une convention passée avec les généraux anglais, ramener en France
l’armée restée fidèle à Napoléon, et sauvée par cette intervention
d’une perte infaillible. Mais pour mener à bonne fin l’exécution de ce
projet, il fallait obtenir des généraux anglais qu’ils consentissent
à retarder leur attaque, qui était imminente, et se faire délivrer
par eux des passe-ports pour les officiers qui devaient aller rendre
compte à l’Empereur de ce qui se passait en Portugal. Argenton accepta
la mission d’aller à l’armée anglaise soumettre les propositions du
Comité. On l’adressa, dit-il, au nommé Viana, à qui il fut présenté par
le colonel Donadieu qui logeait chez lui, et ce fut ce Viana qui lui
servit de guide et d’escorte jusqu’à l’armée anglaise. Il se rendit à
Lisbonne, où il obtint du général Wellesley trois passe-ports et la
promesse d’une suspension d’armes de quelques jours. Revenu à Oporto,
il y resta quatre jours chez Viana, qui lui remit, à destination du
Comité, un dialogue intitulé ‘Le Moineau et le Perroquet,’ qui n’était,
paraît-il, que le sommaire d’une longue conversation entre Viana et
le maréchal, où ce dernier aurait développé ses projets ambitieux et
exposé en détail la ligne de conduite qu’il comptait suivre. Porteur
de ce document, il va rendre compte de sa mission au Comité. Le
général Laborde étant malade, il rendit compte au colonel Lafitte et,
le général Loison survenant à ce moment, il y eut chez Laborde une
conférence entre ces deux généraux et Lafitte. Lui, Argenton, n’y
assista pas; mais à l’issue de cette conférence son colonel lui déclara
qu’il fallait retourner près des Anglais, et lui fit tenir une lettre
écrite par le général Loison au général Wellesley. Toujours accompagné
de Viana, il partit d’Oporto le 1er mai, et se rendit à Coïmbre, où
il eut, en présence de Viana, une conférence avec Wellesley et finit,
après quelques difficultés, par obtenir une nouvelle suspension
d’hostilités pendant quatre jours, à la condition que le Comité
tiendrait le général anglais au courant des faits et gestes du Duc de
Dalmatie. De retour à Oporto, le 8 mai, il était arrêté au moment où
il s’apprêtait à partir pour se rendre près du Comité.--Telle est la
thèse qu’Argenton ne cesse de soutenir avec la dernière énergie, depuis
son retour en France jusque devant le peloton d’exécution qui va le
fusiller. Il subit trois interrogatoires à Boulogne, trois autres au
Ministère de la Police, quatre devant la Commission militaire chargée
d’instruire sa cause. Toujours avec la même impassibilité et le calme
le plus absolu, il répète la même chose, ne variant que sur quelques
questions de détails. Quand on lui donne lecture des dépositions
accablantes des généraux Lefebvre et Ricard, du capitaine Favre et du
lieutenant Bernon, il leur oppose froidement les dénégations les plus
formelles. Il est confronté avec les colonels Donadieu et Lafitte, qui,
arrêtés par ordre du Ministre de la Guerre, prétendent n’avoir jamais
eu connaissance de l’existence d’un comité dans l’armée, et n’avoir
jamais servi d’intermédiaire entre Argenton et ce comité. Vis-à-vis
d’eux, le capitaine garde toujours la même attitude. Lui seul dit la
vérité, assure-t-il, et il s’étonne du peu de mémoire des colonels.
Traduit devant un conseil de guerre le 21 décembre 1809, le capitaine
Argenton se retranche toujours derrière les mêmes moyens de défense
et produit les mêmes arguments. Il a agi par ordre (verbal, il est
vrai), et il a cru servir à la fois les intérêts de l’armée qu’il a
sauvée et ceux de l’Empereur. Malgré une plaidoirie très éloquente
et très habile de son défenseur Falconnet, qui, pour défendre son
client, n’épargne pas le duc de Dalmatie, Argenton est condamné à mort.
Jusqu’à la dernière heure, il proteste de la pureté de ses intentions,
et maintient qu’il a toujours dit la vérité et qu’il est victime de
l’égoïsme de ceux qui l’ont fait agir. Avec une calme résignation, il
commande lui-même son peloton d’exécution et tombe sous les balles avec
ce courage romanesque qui caractérisait en lui l’homme extraordinaire
qui, à Tarvis, fit _seul_ toute une compagnie prisonnière.
VII
MORNING STATE OF THE BRITISH FORCES IN PORTUGAL, UNDER SIR ARTHUR
WELLESLEY, K.B.
HEAD QUARTERS, COIMBRA, MAY 6, 1809.
TABLE LEGEND:
A = _Officers._
B = _Present._
C = _Sick._
D = _On Command._
E = _Total._
F = _Total Efficients Present, Officers and Men._
-------------------------------+-----+---------------------++-------++----------
| |_Sergeants, Drummers,|| ||
| |Rank and File, &c._ || ||
-------------------------------+-----+-------+-----+-------++-------++----------
| | | | || ||
| A | B | C | D || E || F
| | | | || ||
-------------------------------+-----+-------+-----+-------++-------++----------
CAVALRY. | | | | || ||
| | | | || ||
1st Brigade [Stapleton Cotton] | | | | || ||
14th Light Dragoons | 27 | 628 | 21 | 73 || 749 || 655
16th ” ” | 37 | 673 | 20 | 35 || 765 || 710
20th ” ” [two squadrons]| 6 | 237 | 6 | 63 || 312 || 243
3rd Light Dragoons K.G.L. | | | | || ||
[one squadron] | 3 | 57 | 2 | 77 || 139 || 60
| | | | || || ----1,668
| | | | || ||
2nd Brigade [Fane] | | | | || ||
3rd Dragoon Guards | 25 | 698 | 10 | -- || 733 || 723
4th Dragoons | 27 | 716 | 13 | -- || 756 || 743
| | | | || || ----1,466
| --- | ----- | -- | --- || ---- || ---------
Total Cavalry | 125 | 3,009 | 72 | 248 || 3,454 || 3,134
| --- | ----- | -- | --- || ---- || ---------
INFANTRY. | | | | || ||
| | | | || ||
Brigade of Guards [H. Campbell]| | | | || ||
Coldstream Guards, 1st batt. | 33 | 1,194 | 75 | 3 || 1,305 ||1,227
3rd Foot Guards, 1st batt. | 34 | 1,228 | 79 | 8 || 1,349 ||1,262
1 company 5/60th Foot | 2 | 61 | 4 | -- || 67 || 63
| | | | || || ----2,552
| | | | || ||
1st Brigade [Hill] | | | | || ||
3rd Foot, 1st batt. | 28 | 719 | 104 | 50 || 901 || 747
48th ” 2nd ” | 32 | 721 | 52 | -- || 805 || 753
66th ” 2nd ” | 34 | 667 | 38 | 10 || 749 || 701
1 company 5/60th Foot | 2 | 61 | 4 | -- || 67 || 63
| | | | || || ----2,264
| | | | || ||
2nd Brigade [Mackenzie] | | | | || ||
27th Foot, 3rd batt. | 28 | 726 | 134 | 2 || 890 || 754
31st ” 2nd ” | 27 | 765 | 99 | 6 || 897 || 792
45th ” 1st ” | 22 | 671 | 125 | 27 || 845 || 693
| | | | || || ----2,239
| | | | || ||
3rd Brigade [Tilson] | | | | || ||
5/60th Foot [5 companies] | 14 | 306 | 32 | 2 || 354 || 320
87th ” 2nd batt. | 32 | 669 | 88 | 1 || 790 || 701
88th ” 1st batt. | 30 | 608 | 143 | 28 || 809 || 638
1st Portuguese, 1st batt. | -- | -- | -- | -- || -- || --
| | | | || || ----1,659
4th Brigade [Sontag] | | | | || ||
97th Foot | 22 | 572 | 74 | 20 || 688 || 594
2nd batt. of Detachments | 35 | 787 | 221 | 16 || 1,059 || 822
1 company 5/60th Foot | 2 | 61 | 6 | -- || 69 || 63
16th Portuguese, 2nd batt. | -- | -- | -- | -- || -- || --
| | | | || || ----1,479
5th Brigade [A. Campbell] | | | | || ||
7th Foot, 2nd batt. | 26 | 559 | 50 | 3 || 638 || 585
53rd ” ” ” | 23 | 691 | 59 | 3 || 776 || 714
1 company 5/60th Foot | 4 | 64 | 11 | 1 || 80 || 68
10th Portuguese, 1st batt. | -- | -- | -- | -- || -- || --
| | | | || || ----1,367
6th Brigade [R. Stewart] | | | | || ||
29th Foot | 26 | 596 | 85 | 7 || 714 || 622
1st batt. of Detachments | 27 | 803 | 169 | 24 || 1,023 || 830
16th Portuguese, 1st batt. | -- | -- | -- | -- || -- || --
| | | | || || ----1,452
7th Brigade [Cameron] | | | | || ||
9th Foot, 2nd batt. | 27 | 545 | 227 | 22 || 821 || 572
83rd ” ” ” | 39 | 833 | 73 | 23 || 968 || 872
1 company 5/60th Foot | 2 | 60 | 3 | 1 || 66 || 62
10th Portuguese, 2nd batt. | -- | -- | -- | -- || -- || --
| | | | || || ----1,506
King’s German Legion Brigade | | | | || ||
[Murray] | | | | || ||
1st Line batt. K.G.L. | 34 | 767 | 125 | 9 || 935 || 801
2nd ” ” ” | 32 | 804 | 52 | 9 || 897 || 836
5th ” ” ” | 28 | 720 | 101 | 12 || 861 || 748
7th ” ” ” | 22 | 688 | 83 | 10 || 803 || 710
| | | | || || ----3,095
Unattached Troops (Lisbon) | | | | || ||
24th Foot, 2nd batt. | 18 | 750 | 26 | 3 || 797 || 768
30th ” ” ” | 15 | 447 | 49 | 197 || 708 || 462
Independent Light Co. K.G.L. | 3 | 35 | 14 | 4 || 56 || 38
| | | | || || ----1,268
| --- |------ |-----| ---- || ------|| ---------
Total Infantry | 703 |18,178 |2,405| 501 || 21,787|| 18,881
| | | | || ||
ARTILLERY. | | | | || ||
| | | | || ||
British | 31 | 550 | 83 | 499 || 1,163 || 581
King’s German Legion | 18 | 331 | 34 | 134 || 517 || 349
Wagon Train attached | 3 | 61 | 18 | 83 || 165 || 64
| -- | -- | -- | -- || -- || --
Total Artillery | 52 | 942 | 135 | 716 || 1,845 || 994
| | | | || ||
ENGINEERS. | 12 | 27 | 1 | -- || 40 || 39
| | | | || ||
WAGON TRAIN. | 2 | 65 | 21 | 17 || 105 || 67
-------------------------------+-----+-------+-----+-------++-------++----------
General Total 894 22,221 2,634 1,482 27,231 23,115
VIII
SOULT’S REPORT ON GALICIA,
JUNE 25, 1809.
N.B.--The first half of this report, a lengthy narrative of the
Marshal’s march from Lugo to Puebla de Senabria, is omitted.
Je me permettrai, avant de terminer ce rapport, de présenter à Votre
Majesté quelques observations sur la situation actuelle de Galice.
Cette province est toujours en état de fermentation. Les menaces de
mort et d’incendie qu’employe La Romana; les nombreux agents qui
agissent en son nom; les exécutions qu’il fait; les dévastations qui
ont inévitablement lieu par les fréquents mouvements des troupes;
la ruine de la plupart des habitants; l’absence de toute autorité
qui représente Votre Majesté; l’influence des prêtres, qui sont
très-nombreux, et la grande majorité opposante; l’argent que les
Anglais répandent; la détresse des généraux français, qui, faute des
moyens, ne peuvent souvent payer les émissaires qu’ils employent:
toutes ces causes contribuent à augmenter de jour en jour le nombre des
ennemis, et à rendre la guerre qu’on fait dans ce pays très-meurtrière,
infiniment désagréable, et d’un résultat fort éloigné. On s’y battra
encore longtemps avant que Votre Majesté en retire quelque avantage, à
moins qu’elle n’adopte le système de faire fortifier sept à huit postes
importants, susceptibles de contenir chacun 5,000 à 6,000 hommes de
garnison, un hôpital, et des vivres pour quatre mois, pour maintenir la
population, fermer et garder les principaux débouchés dont l’ennemi ne
pourrait plus profiter, et aussi pour offrir aux colonnes qui agiraient
dans la province des appuis, quelque direction qu’elles suivissent.
Ainsi elles pourraient recevoir des secours et déposer leurs malades.
Cette dernière considération est très-puissante, et je ne dois pas
dissimuler à Votre Majesté qu’elle fait beaucoup sur le moral des
soldats, qui, dans l’état actuel des choses, sont exposés à périr de
misère, ou sous les coups des paysans, s’ils ont le malheur d’être
blessés, ou atteints de la fièvre, et de se trouver éloignés d’un lieu
sûr pour y chercher des secours.
Je crois qu’avec une dépense d’un million on parviendrait à mettre
en état de défense la Galice, et certes jamais argent n’aurait été
mieux employé, d’autant plus que par la suite on pourrait diminuer
le nombre des troupes qui pour le moment y sont nécessaires; dans
cette persuasion j’ai engagé M. le Maréchal Ney à faire fortifier
Lugo, et à ordonner la construction de trois blocus sur la ligne de
Villa Franca; les places de Tuy, de Monterey, de Viana et de Puebla
de Sanabria, qui toutes peuvent contenir des canons, ont une enceinte
et un reste de fortification, pourraient aisément être rétablies et
rempliraient parfaitement cet objet; et, s’il le fallait, il est encore
d’autres postes qui par leur situation seraient à même de concourir à
la défense, sans que les frais fussent considérablement augmentés. Si
cette mesure, que je considère comme urgente et d’un résultat assuré,
n’est point adoptée, il deviendra nécessaire que des renforts soient
envoyés à M. le Maréchal Ney, ne fusse que pour remplacer ses pertes et
maintenir libres les communications, quoique aujourd’hui il puisse être
assez fort pour tenir tête au corps de La Romana et de Carrera réunis,
s’ils se présentaient en ligne. Mais leur système étant d’harceler sans
cesse et d’éviter une affaire générale, avec le temps ils auraient
l’avance la plus forte, et ils finiraient, même sans combattre, par
le détruire s’il n’était soutenu, et on ferait une perte d’hommes
incalculable sans obtenir le résultat qu’on se propose.
Il est probable que je ne serai plus dans le cas d’entretenir Votre
Majesté au sujet de la Galice; ainsi, pour cette dernière fois, j’ai
cru de mon devoir de lui rendre compte des observations que mon séjour
dans cette partie de ses états et la connaissance que j’ai acquise
du caractère de ses habitants m’ont mis à même de faire. J’ai donc
l’honneur de supplier Votre Majesté de daigner excuser cette digression
en faveur et en considération des motifs qui l’ont dictée.
J’ai l’honneur d’être, &c.,
MARÉCHAL DUC DE DALMATIE.
Puebla de Senabria, 25 juin 1809.
IX
A
SUCHET’S ARMY OF ARAGON [3rd CORPS],
MAY 15, 1809.
Total _présents sous les armes._
1st Division, General LAVAL:
14th Line (two batts.), 1,080; 44th Line (two batts.),
1,069; 2nd of the Vistula (two batts.), 880; 3rd ditto,
964 3,993
2nd Division, General Musnier:
114th Line (three batts.), 1,627; 115th Line (three batts.),
1,732; 1st of the Vistula (two batts.), 1,039 4,398
3rd Division, General MORLOT:
116th and 117th Line (each three batts.), _absent in
Castile_; 121st Line, _three batts. absent in Navarre_,
one present in Aragon, 400; 5th Léger (one batt.), 890
Troops detached from 5th Corps:
64th Line (one batt.), one voltigeur company of 40th Line 450
CAVALRY BRIGADE, General WATHIER:
4th Hussars, 326; 13th Cuirassiers, 390; Polish Lancers
(one squadron), 80 796
ARTILLERY 450
------
General Total 10,977
N.B.--Of the nine absent battalions the 116th and 117th with a strength
of somewhat over 3,000 men rejoined Suchet on the day of Maria (June
15), thus raising this available force to about 13,000 men. The 121st
never came up from Navarre.
B
BLAKE’S ARMY OF ARAGON,
JUNE 15, 1809.
Total present under arms at Maria.
Vanguard Brigade, Colonel J. CREAGH:
Almeria (two batts.), Cazadores de Valencia (one batt.) 2,298
1st Division, Major-General P. ROCA:
1st of Savoia (three batts.), Granada (one batt.), Avila
Militia, Tiradores de Cariñena (one batt.), Tercio of
Tortosa 4,888
2nd Division, Lieut.-General Marquis of LAZAN:
1st Volunteers of Saragossa (one batt.), 3rd Cazadores de
Valencia (one batt.), 1st of Valencia (three batts.),
America (two batts.) 5,837
Cavalry Brigade, Colonel J. O’DONNELL:
Olivenza (four squadrons), Santiago (one squadron) 698
Artillery (seventeen guns) 200
Sappers (three companies) 309
------
Total present 14,230
3rd Division, Lieut.-General C. AREIZAGA (absent at Botorrita):
Fernando 7th (one batt.), Grenadiers (four companies),
1st Volunteers of Aragon (one batt.), 2nd ditto (one
batt.), Volunteers of Valencia (one batt.), Cazadores
de Palafox (one batt.), Daroca (one batt.), Tiradores
de Doyle (one batt.), Tiradores de Murcia (one batt.) 5,842
Cavalry: Husares Españoles, Santiago (one squadron each) 368
Artillery (eight guns) 120
Sappers 103
------
Total absent at Botorrita 6,433
X
APPENDICES RELATING TO THE TALAVERA CAMPAIGN
1
THE BRITISH FORCE AT TALAVERA
FROM THE MORNING STATE OF JULY 25, 1809
Present and fit for Duty.
CAVALRY DIVISION (Lieut.-Gen. PAYNE).
Fane’s Brigade:
3rd Dragoon Guards 525
4th Dragoons 545
Cotton’s Brigade:
14th Light Dragoons 464
16th ” ” 525
Anson’s Brigade:
23rd Light Dragoons 459
1st ” ” K.G.L. 451
-----
Total Cavalry 2,969
INFANTRY.
1st (SHERBROOKE’S) DIVISION.
H. Campbell’s Brigade:
1st batt. Coldstream Guards 970
1st batt. 3rd Guards 1,019
One company 5/60th Foot 56
-----
2,045
Cameron’s Brigade:
1/61st Foot 778
2/83rd ” 535
One company 5/60th Foot 51
-----
1,364
Langwerth’s Brigade:
1st Line batt. K.G.L. 604
2nd ” ” ” 678
Light Companies K.G.L. 106
-----
1,388
Low’s Brigade:
5th Line batt. K.G.L. 610
7th ” ” ” 557
-----
1,167
Total of the 1st Division 5,964
2nd (HILL’S) DIVISION.
Tilson’s Brigade:
1/3rd Foot 746
2/48th Foot 567
2/66th ” 526
One company 5/60th 52
-----
1,891
R. Stewart’s Brigade:
29th Foot 598
1/48th Foot 807
1st batt. of Detachments 609
-----
2,014
Total of the 2nd Division 3,905
3rd (MACKENZIE’S) DIVISION.
Mackenzie’s Brigade:
2/24th Foot 787
2/31st ” 733
1/45th ” 756
-----
2,276
Donkin’s Brigade:
2/87th 599
1/88th 599
Five companies 5/60th 273
-----
1,471
Total of the 3rd Division 3,747
4th (CAMPBELL’S) DIVISION.
A. Campbell’s Brigade:
2/7th Foot 431
2/53rd Foot 537
One company 5/60th 64
-----
1,032
Kemmis’s Brigade:
1/40th Foot 745
97th ” 502
2nd batt. of Detachments 625
One company 5/60th Foot 56
-----
1,928
Total of the 4th Division 2,960
ARTILLERY.
British:
Three batteries, Lawson, Sillery,
Elliot 681
German:
Two batteries, Rettberg and
Heyse 330
Total of Artillery 1,011
ENGINEERS. 22
STAFF CORPS. 63
Total Present 20,641
The Army had also sick left in Portugal, about 3,246: sick at Plasencia
and Talavera about 1,149: on detachment in Portugal about 1,396: on
detachment in Spain about 107. Total absent or non-effective 5,898. The
newly arrived regiments at Lisbon, and the troops on their way to the
front under R. Craufurd are, of course, left out of this return.
2
THE ARMY OF ESTREMADURA AT TALAVERA
[From an unpublished document in the Deposito de la Guerra, Madrid.]
General-in-Chief, Lieut.-Gen. Gregorio de la Cuesta.
Second in Command, Lieut.-Gen. Francisco de Eguia.
Major-General of Infantry, Major-Gen. J. M. de Alos.
” ” of Cavalry, Major-Gen. R. de Villalba, Marques de
Malaspina.
Officer Commanding Artillery, Brigadier-Gen. G. Rodriguez.
” ” Engineers, Brigadier-Gen. M. Zappino.
INFANTRY.
Vanguard--Brigadier-Gen. José Zayas:
2nd Voluntarios of Catalonia, Cazadores de Barbastro
(2nd batt.), Cazadores de Campomayor, Cazadores de
Valencia y Albuquerque, Cazadores Voluntarios de
Valencia (2nd batt.) five batts.
1st Division--Major-General Marques de Zayas:
Cantabria (three batts.), Granaderos Provinciales,
Canarias, Tiradores de Merida, Provincial de
Truxillo seven batts.
2nd Division--Major-General Vincente Iglesias:
2nd of Majorca, Velez-Malaga (three batts.), Osuna
(two batts.), Voluntarios Estrangeros, Provincial
de Burgos eight batts.
3rd Division--Major-General Marques de Portago:
Badajoz (two batts.), 2nd of Antequera, Imperial de
Toledo, Provincial de Badajoz, Provincial de Guadix six batts.
4th Division--Major-General R. Manglano:
Irlanda (two batts.), Jaen (two batts.), 3rd of
Seville, Leales de Fernando VII (1st batt.), 2nd
Voluntarios de Madrid, Voluntarios de la Corona eight batts.
5th Division--Major-General L. A. Bassecourt:
Real Marina, 1st Regiment (two batts.), Africa (3rd
batt.), Murcia (two batts.), Reyna (1st batt.),
Provincial de Sigüenza seven batts.
CAVALRY.
1st Division, Lieut.-General J. de Henestrosa:
Rey, Calatrava, Voluntarios de España, Imperial de Toledo,
Cazadores de Sevilla, Reyna, Villaviciosa, Cazadores de Madrid.
2nd Division, Lieut.-Gen. Duque de Albuquerque:
Carabineros Reales (one squadron), Infante, Alcantara, Pavia,
Almanza, 1st and 2nd Hussars of Estremadura.
Totals, inclusive of sick, and troops on detachment:
35,000 Infantry, 7,000 Cavalry, 30 guns.
It is most unfortunate that no regimental or divisional totals are
given, but only the gross total of the whole army.
N.B.--There were _at least_ four battalions detached, viz. Merida and
3rd of Seville, with Sir R. Wilson, and two others (names not to be
ascertained, Cuesta does not give them) under Del Reino at the Puerto
de Baños. Another was apparently dropped at Almaraz to guard the
bridge. Allowing 3,000 for these troops, and 5,000 for sick and men ‘on
command,’ the Army of Estremadura marched to Talavera with about 28,000
foot, more than 6,000 horse, and 800 artillery.
The following troops which had all been with the Army of Estremadura in
April are not named in the above return. Most of them were in garrison
at Badajoz, but some were in the Northern Passes--Spanish Guards (one
batt.), Walloon Guards (one batt.), Zafra, Plasencia, La Serena, Leales
de Fernando VII (2nd batt.), Provincial de Cordova, Tiradores de Cadiz.
3
STRENGTH OF THE FRENCH ARMY AT TALAVERA
(Figures of July 15, excluding sick and men detached.)
1st Corps, Marshal Victor: _Strength._
État-Major 47
1st Division (Ruffin), 9th Léger, 24th and 96th of the
Line, three batts. each 5,286
2nd Division (Lapisse), 16th Léger, 8th, 45th, 54th of
the Line, three batts. each 6,862
3rd Division (Villatte), 27th Léger, 63rd, 94th, 95th of
the Line, three batts. each 6,135
Corps-Cavalry (Beaumont), 2nd Hussars, 5th Chasseurs 980
------
19,310
4th Corps, General SEBASTIANI:
État-Major 13
1st Division (Sebastiani), 28th, 32nd, 58th, 75th of
the Line, three batts. each 8,118
2nd Division (Valence), one regiment only, 4th Polish,
two batts. 1,600
3rd Division (Leval), Nassau, Baden, Hesse-Darmstadt,
Holland, two batts. each: Frankfort, one batt. 4,537
Merlin’s Light Cavalry, 10th and 26th Chasseurs, Polish
Lancers, Westphalian _Chevaux-Légers_ 1,188
------
15,456
Reserve Cavalry:
1st Dragoon Division (Latour-Maubourg), 1st, 2nd, 4th,
9th, 14th, 26th Dragoons 3,279
2nd Dragoon Division (Milhaud), 5th, 12th, 16th, 20th,
21st Dragoons, and 3rd Dutch Hussars 2,356
------
5,635
From Madrid:
One Brigade of Dessolles’ Division, 12th Léger, 51st
Line, three batts. each 3,337
King’s Guards, infantry 1,800
” ” cavalry 350
27th Chasseurs (two squadrons) 250
------
5,737
The artillerymen are included in the divisional totals.
------
Total 46,138
4
TALAVERA.--BRITISH LOSSES ON JULY 27
Table Legend:
A = _Officers._
B = _Men._
(1) IN THE COMBAT OF CASA DE SALINAS.
----------------------------++-----------++------------++------------++--------
|| _Killed._ || _Wounded._ || _Missing._ ||
_Regiments._ || A | B || A | B || A | B ||_Total._
----------------------------++-----+-----++-----+------++-----+------++--------
Cavalry: || | || | || | ||
14th Light Dragoons || -- | -- || -- | 1 || -- | -- || 1
1st ” ” K.G.L. || -- | 2 || 1 | 1 || -- | -- || 4
3rd DIVISION || | || | || | ||
Mackenzie’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
2/24th Foot || -- | 1 || 1 | 6 || -- | 1 || 9
2/31st ” || 1 | 23 || 5 | 88 || -- | 2 || 119
1/45th ” || -- | 4 || 1 | 13 || -- | 7 || 25
Donkin’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
5/60th Foot || -- | 3 || 1 | 4 || -- | 19 || 27
2/87th ” || 1 | 26 || 10 | 127 || -- | 34 || 198
1/88th ” || 2 | 7 || -- | 25 || -- | 30 || 64
++-----+-----++-----+------++-----+------++--------
Total || 4 | 66 || 19 | 265 || -- | 93 || 447
(2) IN THE COMBAT IN FRONT OF TALAVERA AT 9 P.M.
Staff || 1 | -- || -- | -- || -- | -- || 1
1st DIVISION || | || | || | ||
H. Campbell’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
1st Coldstream Guards || 1 | -- || -- | 2 || -- | -- || 3
Cameron’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
1/61st Foot || -- | 3 || 1 | 3 || -- | -- || 7
Langwerth’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
1st Line batt. K.G.L. || -- | 2 || -- | 7 || -- | -- || 9
2nd ” ” ” || -- | -- || -- | 3 || -- | -- || 3
Light Companies, K.G.L. || -- | 4 || 2 | 25 || -- | 5 || 36
Low’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
5th Line batt. K.G.L. || -- | 6 || -- | 34 || -- | 11 || 51
7th ” ” ” || -- | 19 || 1 | 49 || -- | 77 || 146
2nd DIVISION || | || | || | ||
Tilson’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
2/48th Foot || -- | -- || -- | 3 || -- | -- || 3
R. Stewart’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
29th Foot || -- | 10 || 1 | 43 || -- | 1 || 55
1/48th Foot || -- | -- || -- | 8 || -- | -- || 8
1st batt. Detachments || 1 | 14 || -- | 40 || 2 | 13 || 70
|| | || | ||[760]| ||
ARTILLERY || -- | -- || -- | 2 || -- | -- || 2
ENGINEERS || -- | -- || 1 | -- || -- | -- || 1
----------------------------++-----+-----++-----+------++-----+------++--------
Total || 3 | 58 || 6 | 219 || 2 | 107 || 385
----------------------------++-----+-----++---+--------++-----+------++--------
[760] The official report gives _three_ missing officers here.
But one of them was not a prisoner but turned up at Oropesa next
morning, nominally sick. For this distressing story, see Leslie,
pp. 155-6.
5
BRITISH LOSSES AT TALAVERA
SECOND DAY. JULY 28, 1809.
Table Legend:
A = _Officers._
B = _Men._
----------------------------++-----------++------------++------------++--------
|| _Killed._ || _Wounded._ || _Missing._ ||
_Regiments._ || A | B || A | B || A | B ||_Total._
----------------------------++-----+-----++-----+------++-----+------++--------
Staff || 4 | -- || 9 | -- || -- | -- || 13
CAVALRY. || | || | || | ||
Fane’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
3rd Dragoon Guards || -- | -- || 1 | 1 || -- | 1 || 3
4th Dragoons || -- | 3 || -- | 9 || -- | -- || 12
|| | || | || | ||----15
Cotton’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
14th Light Dragoons || -- | 3 || 6 | 6 || -- | -- || 15
16th ” ” || -- | 6 || 1 | 5 || -- | 2 || 14
|| | || | || | ||----29
Anson’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
1st Light Dragoons K.G.L. || -- | 1 || 2 | 32 || -- | 2 || 37
23rd Light Dragoons || 2 | 47 || 4 | 46 || 3 | 105 || 207
|| | || | || | ||----244
----------------------------++-----+-----+------+------++-----+------++-------
INFANTRY. || | || | || | ||
1st DIVISION (General || | || | || | ||
SHERBROOKE): || | || | || | ||
H. Campbell’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
1st Coldstream Guards || 1 | 33 || 8 | 251 || -- | -- || 293
1st 3rd Guards || 5 | 49 || 6 | 261 || -- | 1 || 322
|| | || | || | ||----615
Cameron’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
1/61st Foot || 3 | 43 || 10 | 193 || -- | 16 || 265
2/83rd ” || 4 | 38 || 11 | 202 || -- | 28 || 283
|| | || | || | ||----548
Langwerth’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
1st Line batt. K. G. L. || 2 | 37 || 10 | 241 || -- | 1 || 291
2nd ” ” ” || -- | 61 || 14 | 288 || -- | 24 || 387
Light Companies, K. G. L. || -- | 6 || -- | 37 || -- | -- || 43
|| | || | || | ||----721
Low’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
5th Line batt. K. G. L. || 3 | 27 || 6 | 118 || -- | 101 || 255
7th ” ” ” || -- | 17 || 4 | 35 || -- | 54 || 110
|| | || | || | ||----365
2nd DIVISION (General HILL):|| | || | || | ||
Tilson’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
1/3rd Foot || -- | 26 || 2 | 107 || -- | 7 || 142
2/48th ” || -- | 12 || 2 | 53 || 1 | -- || 68
2/66th ” || -- | 16 || 11 | 88 ||-- | 11 || 126
|| | || | || | ||----336
R. Stewart’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
29th Foot || -- | 26 || 6 | 98 || -- | 2 || 132
1st batt. Detachments || -- | 26 || 9 | 166 || -- | 2 || 203
1/48th Foot || -- | 22 || 10 | 135 || -- | 1 || 168
|| | || | || | ||----503
3rd DIVISION (General || | || | || | ||
MACKENZIE): || | || | || | ||
Mackenzie’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
2/24th Foot || -- | 44 || 10 | 268 || -- | 21 || 343
2/31st ” || -- | 21 || 3 | 102 || -- | 5 || 131
1/45th ” || -- | 9 || 2 | 134 || 1 | 12 || 158
|| | || | || | ||----632
Donkin’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
5/60th Foot || -- | 7 || 6 | 25 || -- | 12 || 50[761]
2/87th ” || -- | 9 || 3 | 43 || -- | 5 || 60
1/88th ” || 1 | 12 || 3 | 69 || -- | -- || 85
|| | || | || | ||----195
4th DIVISION (General || | || | || | ||
A. CAMPBELL): || | || | || | ||
Campbell’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
2/7th Foot || 1 | 6 || 3 | 54 || -- | 1 || 65
2/53rd ” || -- | 6 || 2 | 30 || -- | 1 || 39
|| | || | || | ||----104
Kemmis’s Brigade: || | || | || | ||
1/40th Foot || -- | 7 || 1 | 49 || -- | 1 || 58
97th ” || -- | 6 || -- | 25 || 1 | 21 || 53
2nd batt. Detachments || -- | 7 || -- | 13 || -- | 1 || 21
|| | || | || | ||----132
----------------------------++-----+-----++-----+------++-----+------++-------
ARTILLERY. || | || | || | ||
British || 1 | 7 || 3 | 21 || -- | -- || 32
German || -- | 3 || -- | 30 || -- | 1 || 34
|| | || | || | ||
ENGINEERS || -- | -- || 1 | -- || -- | -- || 1
STAFF CORPS || -- | -- || 2 | -- || -- | -- || 2
----------------------------++-----+-----++-----+------++-----+------++-------
Total || 27 | 643 || 171 |3,235 || 6 | 439 || 4,521
----------------------------++-----+-----++-----+------++-----+------++-------
Total of the two days:--killed: 34 officers, 767 men; wounded: 196
officers, 3,719 men; missing: 8 officers, 639 men. Grand Total, 5,363.
[761] Many of the casualties of the 5/60th were in the companies
detached from the head quarters of the regiment, and not
serving in Donkin’s brigade. It is unfortunately impossible to
distinguish them, as all the regimental losses are given _en
bloc_ in the return.
6
TALAVERA.--THE FRENCH LOSSES
N.B.--I owe these figures to the kindness of Commandant Balagny, who
has caused them to be copied in detail from the French Archives.
Table Legend:
A = _Officers._
B = _Men._
----------------------------++-----------++------------++------------++---------
|| _Killed._ || _Wounded._ ||_Prisoners._||
_Regiments._ || A | B || A | B || A | B || _Total._
----------------------------++-----+-----++-----+------++-----+------++---------
1st Corps (MARSHAL VICTOR): || | || | || | ||
État-Major Général || -- | -- || 1 | -- || -- | -- || 1
|| | || | || | ||
1st Division (Ruffin): || | || | || | ||
9th Léger || 3 | 35 || 14 | 340 || -- | 65 || 457
24th Line || 1 | 92 || 17 | 456 || 1 | -- || 567
96th Line || 3 | 36 || 19 | 548 || -- | -- || 606
État-Major || -- | -- || 2 | -- || -- | -- || 2
|| | || | || | ||----1,632
2nd DIVISION (Lapisse): || | || | || | ||
16th Léger || 8 | 49 || 8 | 342 || -- | -- || 407
8th Line || 3 | 41 || 17 | 376 || -- | -- || 437
45th Line || 3 | 43 || 12 | 328 || -- | 2 || 388
54th Line || 2 | 54 || 14 | 462 || -- | -- || 532
État-Major || -- | -- || 3 | -- || -- | -- || 3
|| | || | || | ||----1,767
3rd DIVISION (Villatte): || | || | || | ||
27th Léger || 1 | 25 || 4 | 159 || -- | -- || 189
63rd Line || -- | 2 || 2 | 36 || -- | -- || 40
94th Line || 1 | 20 || 1 | 123 || -- | -- || 145
95th Line || -- | -- || -- | 27 || -- | -- || 27
|| | || | || | ||---- 401
CORPS-CAVALRY (Beaumont): || | || | || | ||
2nd Hussars || -- | 3 || 2 | 11 || -- | -- || 16
5th Chasseurs || -- | 1 || 3 | 19 || -- | -- || 23
|| | || | || | ||---- 39
ARTILLERY AND ENGINEERS || 1 | 9 || 1 | 53 || -- | -- || 64
++-----+-----++-----+------++-----+------++ -----
Total of 1st Corps || 26 | 410 || 120 |3,280 || 1 | 67 || 3,904
|| | || | || | ||
4th CORPS (GENERAL || | || | || | ||
SEBASTIANI): || | || | || | ||
|| | || | || | ||
1st DIVISION (Sebastiani): || | || | || | ||
28th, 32nd, 58th, || 13 | 187 || 67 |1,852 || -- | 61 || 2,180
75th Line || | || | || | ||
|| | || | || | ||
2nd DIVISION (Leval): || | || | || | ||
Baden, Hesse, Nassau, || | || | || | ||
Holland, Frankfort || 6 | 97 || 24 | 803 || -- | 77 || 1,007
|| | || | || | ||
3rd DIVISION (Valence): || | || | || | ||
4th Polish Regiment || -- | 3 || -- | 37 || -- | -- || 40
++-----+-----++-----+------++-----+------++---------
Total of 4th Corps || 19 | 287 || 91 |2,692 || -- | 138 || 3,227
----------------------------++-----+-----++-----+------++-----+------++---------
|| | || | || | ||
CAVALRY DIVISIONS-- || | || | || | ||
|| | || | || | ||
1st DIVISION of Dragoons || | || | || | ||
(Latour-Maubourg): || | || | || | ||
1st, 2nd, 4th, 9th, || | || | || | ||
14th, 26th Dragoons || -- | 13 || 9 | 61 || -- | -- || 83
|| | || | || | ||
2nd DIVISION of Dragoons || | || | || | ||
(Milhaud): || | || | || | ||
5th, 12th, 16th, 20th, || | || | || | ||
21st Dragoons || -- | -- || -- | 3 || -- | -- || 3
|| | || | || | ||
Milhaud’s Artillery || -- | -- || -- | 3 || -- | -- || 3
|| | || | || | ||
Merlin’s Light Cavalry || | || | || | ||
DIVISION: || | || | || | ||
10th, 26th Chasseurs, || | || | || | ||
|| | || | || | ||
Polish Lancers, || | || | || | ||
Westphalian || | || | || | ||
Chevaux-Légers || -- | 6 || -- | 42 || -- | -- || 48
++-----+-----++-----+------++-----+------++ ----
Total of Cavalry Divisions || -- | 19 || 9 | 109 || -- | -- || 137
----------------------------++-----+-----++-----+------++-----+------++---------
GENERAL TOTALS:--45 officers, 716 rank and file _killed_;
220 officers, 6,081 rank and file _wounded_;
1 officer, 205 rank and file _missing_ = 7,268.
NOTE.--No distinction is made in the French returns between losses on
July 27 and July 28, which cannot therefore be ascertained separately.
These ‘Missing’ do not include the French wounded who were left within
the British lines on the night of July 28, and became prisoners, but
were freed again on Aug. 6 when Victor reoccupied Talavera and captured
the British hospitals. They must have been numerous in the divisions
of Ruffin, Lapisse, and Sebastiani. The French returns are those made
up for the Emperor’s use, some weeks after the battle--those of the
4th Corps as late as Sept. 19. The men in question therefore appear as
‘wounded,’ but not as ‘prisoners.’
XI
THE BRITISH ROYAL ARTILLERY IN THE PENINSULA IN 1809
N.B.--I owe this Appendix to Colonel F. A. Whinyates, R.A., who has
been good enough to compile it for the volume.
STAFF.
Brigadier-General E. Howorth arrived at Lisbon in April 1809, and took
over the command of the R.A. from Lieut.-Colonel W. Robe.
Brigade-Major R.A., Captain A. Dickson until appointed to the
Portuguese Artillery in June, when Captain J. May took over that
position.
FIELD-OFFICERS IN PORTUGAL.
Lieut.-Col. H. Framingham, Lieut.-Col. W. Robe, Lieut.-Col. G. B.
Fisher, Major Julius von Hartmann, K.G.L.
Troops R.H.A. and Companies R.A. in Portugal in 1809:--
(_a_) Horse Artillery: _Strength._
1. Captain H. Ross’s ‘A’ Troop, landed at Lisbon, July 2,
or 3, 1809 162
2. Captain R. Bull’s ‘I’ Troop, landed at Lisbon, August
21, 1809 162
(_b_) Foot Artillery:
3. Captain C. D. Sillery’s[762] No. 6 company, 7th batt.,
landed at Lisbon, March 7, 1809 120
4. Captain A. Bredin’s No. 1 company, 8th batt., landed
at Lisbon, August 1808 125
5. Captain J. May’s No. 2 company, 1st batt., landed at
Lisbon, March 1809 127
6. Captain F. Glubb’s No. 10 company, 5th batt., landed
at Lisbon, March 1809 93
7. Captain R. Lawson’s No. 7 company, 8th batt., landed
at Lisbon, August 1808 66
[762] On arrival in Portugal, No. 6 company, 7th batt., was under
2nd Captain H. B. Lane; Captain C. D. Sillery joined shortly
after the occupation of Oporto.
(_c_) K.G.L. Artillery:
1. Captain Tieling’s Company (No. 2).
2. Captain Heise’s Company (No. 4).
On taking up the command, General Howorth, with Colonel Robe’s
assistance, equipped five brigades of guns to take the field with
the army, viz. one brigade of heavy six-pounders, three brigades of
light six-pounders, and one brigade of three-pounders. Captain Glubb’s
company was stationed in Fort St. Julian, Lisbon, and Captain Bredin’s
in the Forts at Cascaes. The other companies were with the field army.
BRIGADES R.A. AT OPORTO.
Captain C. D. Sillery’s No. 6 company, 7th batt., under 2nd Captain H.
B. Lane. Light six-pounder guns.
Captain R. Lawson’s No. 7 company, 8th batt. Three-pounder guns.
Captain Tieling’s No. 2 company, K.G.L., under 2nd Captain de Rettberg.
Heavy six-pounder guns.
Captain Heise’s No. 4 company, K.G.L. Light six-pounder guns.
[Captain May’s brigade was detached with Mackenzie’s force at Abrantes.]
BRIGADES R.A. AT TALAVERA.
Captain C. D. Sillery’s No. 6 company, 7th batt. Light six-pounder guns.
Captain J. May’s No. 2 company, 1st batt., under 2nd Captain W. G.
Elliott. Light six-pounder guns.
Captain R. Lawson’s No. 7 company, 8th batt. Three-pounder guns.
Captain Tieling’s No. 2 company, K.G.L., under 2nd Captain de Rettberg.
Heavy six-pounder guns.
Captain Heise’s No. 4 company, K.G.L. Light six-pounder guns.
CASUALTIES AT TALAVERA.
Killed: Lieut. H. Wyatt and seven men; wounded: Lieut.-Colonel H.
Framingham, 2nd Captain H. Baynes and J. Taylor and twenty-one men, R.A.
K.G.L., killed: three men; wounded: thirty men.
In December 1809 the strength of the Royal Artillery under General
Howorth was as follows, viz.:
R.H.A., 187 of all ranks, with 106 drivers attached.
Foot Artillery, 627 of all ranks, with 545 drivers attached.
K.G.L. 332 of all ranks with 160 drivers.
There were 951 horses, and 132 mules with the Artillery.
XII
VENEGAS’S ARMY OF LA MANCHA
FROM A RETURN OF JUNE 16, 1809.
1st Division, Brigadier-General PEDRO GIRON [afterwards
Brigadier-General T. LACY]:
Burgos (two batts.), 1,085, Cuenca, 869, 1st of Loxa,
703, Alcala, 629, 1st of España, 548, 1st of Seville,
593 Total 4,427
2nd Division, Brigadier-General GASPAR VIGODET:
Corona (two batts.), 1,130, Ronda, 1,096, Ordenes
Militares (two batts.), 836, Alcazar, 825, 1st of
Guadix, 522, Ciudad Real, 258 Total 4,667
3rd Division, Major-General PEDRO GRIMAREST [afterwards
Brigadier-General P. GIRON]:
2nd of Jaen, 985, Ecija, 902, 2nd of Cordova, 849,
Baylen (two batts.), 1,121, 1st Walloon Guards, 663,
Alpujarras, 579, Velez-Malaga, 445 Total 5,544
4th Division, Brigadier-General FRANCISCO CASTEJON:
5th of Seville, 535, 1st of Malaga, 743, 2nd Spanish
Guards, 953, Jerez, 650, 2nd of Loxa, 510, Bujalance,
469, 3rd of Cordova, 422 Total 4,282
5th Division, Major-General T. ZERAIN:
2nd of España (two batts.), 1,064, 1st of Cordova
(three batts.), 2,044, Provincial of Seville, 887 Total 3,995
CAVALRY:
Montesa, 349, Reina, 183, Granada, 322, España, 287,
Farnesio, 404, Santiago, 295, Alcantara, 343,
Principe, 324, Granaderos de Fernando VII, 527,
Dragones de la Reina, 180, Cazadores de Cordova, 169 Total 3,384
ARTILLERY: 35 guns; sappers, five companies, about 1,100 in all.
Total, 27,399, including sick and men on detachment.
INDEX
Albergaria Nova, combat of, 325
Albuquerque, Duke of, attacks Digeon at Mora, 145;
his quarrel with Cartaojal, 145;
sent to join Cuesta’s army, 145, 157;
at the battle of Medellin, 159-63;
his intrigues against Cuesta, 465;
at Talavera, 532, 545;
at Oropesa, 583;
routed by Soult at Arzobispo, 589-91.
Alcañiz, battle of, 418-20.
Alcantara, sacked by Lapisse, 261;
combat of, 440, 441.
Almonacid, battle of, 614-6.
Alorna, Marquis of, raises an ‘experimental legion’ in the Portuguese
army, 210.
Alvarez, Julian, Governor of Gerona, his attempt to relieve Rosas, 51.
Amarante, defended by Silveira, 267-71;
captured by Loison, 271;
Loison defeated at, 344, 345.
Aranjuez, Venegas at, 568;
combat of, 612.
Areizaga, Juan Carlos, general, at Alcañiz, 418;
his error at Maria, 431;
commands army of Andalusia, 605.
Argenton, captain, his conspiracy against Soult, 279;
makes overtures to the English, 284;
his first interview with Wellesley, 315;
his second visit to Wellesley, 321;
his arrest and confession, 322-3;
his escape and death, 323.
Arzobispo, combat of, 591.
Astorga, Marquis of, elected President of the Central Junta, 21.
Asturias, Junta and army of, their selfish policy, 370-1;
dissolution of the Junta by La Romana, 375, 376;
invaded by Ney and Kellermann, 379;
evacuated by the French, 387.
Avé, passage of, by Soult, 239.
Badajoz, summoned to surrender by Victor, 168;
Wellington retires to, 607.
Ballasteros, Francisco, general, in command at Colombres, 372;
escapes from the advancing French, 382;
his descent on Santander, 386;
driven out by Bonnet, 387.
Barcelona, held by Duhesme against Vives, 41
Barrio, Manuel Garcia, Del, colonel sent by the Central Junta to lead
Galician insurgents against Vigo, 263.
Bennett, captain, R. N. at the siege of Rosas, 50, 55, 56.
Beresford, William Carr, general, appointed Commander-in-chief of the
Portuguese army, 216;
his reorganization of the army, 217, 218;
joins Wellesley with ten line regiments, 314;
commands flanking column at the advance on Oporto, 318;
at Amarante, 344, 345;
pursues Soult, 351, 360;
his march to Perales and Coria, 599;
retires to Castello Branco, 611.
Blake, Joaquin, general, commands in Aragon, 414;
wins battle of Alcañiz, 418-20;
defeated at Maria, 423-7;
at Belchite, 429, 430.
Blanca, Florida, Marquis, President of the Junta, death of, 21.
Bogiero, Padre Basilio, chaplain of Palafox, shot by the French, 139.
Bonnet, general, his advance into Asturias, 382;
his pursuit of Ballasteros, 386-7.
Botilho, general, commands Portuguese force on the Minho, 223;
opposes Soult’s advance, 237.
Bouchard, captain, French engineer officer, his ingenious scheme for
crossing the Tamega at Amarante, 270-1.
Bourke, colonel, sent by Wellesley to Cuesta, 437.
Braga, battle of, 235.
Cadiz, British proposal to garrison, 25;
negatived by the Junta, 26;
refusal of Villel to allow the British troops to land at, 28;
tumults in, 29-31.
Caldagues, Conde de, commands the Catalonian troops round
Barcelona, 38, 39;
repulses sortie of Duhesme, 68;
retreats on Molins de Rey, 68;
taken prisoner by St. Cyr, 71.
Canning, George, proposes to garrison Cadiz, 25, 26;
his correspondence with Wellesley, 609.
Cardadeu, battle of, 64-7.
Carrera, Martin La, checks Maucune at Santiago, 385.
Carrol, W. P., captain, his adventures in Asturias, 373, 380;
in Galicia, 396, 401.
Cartaojal, general, takes command of the Army of the Centre, 33, 143;
his quarrel with Albuquerque, 145;
attacks Lasalle’s division at Yébenes, 146;
routed by Sebastiani at Ciudad Real, 147;
deprived of his command by the Junta, 148.
Casa de Salinas, combat of, 503.
Castlereagh, Robert Stewart, Viscount, his confidence in Wellesley, 287.
Castro, general, routed at Igualada, 79.
Catalonia, army of, its composition, 33, 40;
campaigns of St. Cyr, Vives, and Reding in, 38, 89.
Cavallero, colonel, his account of feeling in Saragossa, 99.
Cazadores (riflemen), new battalions of, raised in the Portuguese
army, 212.
Chalot, colonel, surrenders Vigo, 263, 264.
Chaves, surrender of, to Soult, 225, 226;
reoccupied by Silveira, 264.
Chinchon, revolt of, 7;
massacre in, by the French, 8.
Cienfuegos, Captain-General of Asturias, 372.
Ciudad Real, the rout of, 143-7.
Ciudad Rodrigo, resists Lapisse, 260.
Cochrane, Lord, his raids on the coast of Languedoc, 39;
his defence of Rosas, 48, 50-5.
Colmenar, insurrection of, against the French, is put down by Victor, 8.
Corunna, surrenders to Soult, 173;
evacuated by Ney, 398.
Cotton, Stapleton, general, commands brigade at Albergaria Nova, 325.
Cradock, Sir John, general, dispatches British troops to Cadiz and
Seville, 27, 206;
condition of his force in Portugal, 201, 202;
his timid policy, 203;
retires to Passo d’Arcos, 205;
at Lumiar, 206;
advises Sir R. Wilson to retreat, 256;
superseded by Wellesley, 207;
Governor of Gibraltar, 313.
Craufurd, Robert, arrives with light brigade at Talavera, after the
battle, 560;
holds Almaraz against Ney, 586, 587.
Cuesta, Gregorio, general, commands Estremaduran army, 24, 143;
his operations against Victor, 152-8;
defeated at Medellin, 159-66;
appointed Captain-General of the Estremaduran army, 167;
his correspondence with Wellesley about the advance into Spain, 445-8;
his jealousy of Wellesley, 464-7;
receives Wellesley at Almaraz, 470-2;
quarrel with Wellesley at Talavera, 489-92;
pursues Victor, 492, 493;
retreats on Talavera, 500;
at the battle of Talavera, 509-56;
retreats on Oropesa, 579, 580;
withstands Mortier, 583;
his final disputes with Wellesley, 603;
retires from command, 605.
Dalmatia, Duke of: _see_ Soult.
Dantzig, Duke of: _see_ Lefebvre.
Decken, von der, Hanoverian general sent to Oporto by the British
Government, 198;
his report on the Portuguese army, 213.
Delaborde, general, opposed to Soult’s ambitions in Portugal, 279.
Del Reino, Marquis, defends the Pass of Baños, 572;
breaks the bridge of Almaraz, 576.
D’España, Carlos, raises troops at Ciudad Rodrigo, 258;
follows Lapisse, 260.
Digeon, general, captures artillery of the Spanish Army of the Centre
at Tortola, 13;
surprised at Mora, 144.
Donadieu, colonel, one of Argenton’s conspirators, 279, 281;
his arrest, 323.
Douglas, major, receives Argenton, 284;
brings him to meet Wellesley at Lisbon, 315.
Doyle, Charles, colonel, British agent at Tarragona, sends muskets to
Saragossa, 101;
his intrigues in favour of Infantado, 464.
Duhesme, general, at Barcelona, 37, 41, 58, 59;
relieved by St. Cyr, 68.
Dulong, major, his exploit at the Ponte Nova, 355;
and at the Saltador, 357.
Eben, Baron, Prussian colonel, sent to Oporto by the British
Government, 198;
sent to Freire’s army with the 2nd batt. of the Lusitanian
Legion, 228;
takes command of the army on Freire’s flight, 232;
defeated at Braga, 235;
at the siege of Oporto, 241.
Eguia, Francisco, general, succeeds Cuesta, 605;
his quarrel with Wellesley, 606.
_Excellent_, the, at Rosas, 48-9.
Ferrol, surrenders to Soult, 175.
Fleury, de, colonel, holds the tower of San Francisco at Saragossa,
and is killed, 133.
Foy, general, routs a detachment of Silveira’s force, 224;
taken prisoner at Oporto, 243;
delivered by Soult, 249;
surprised by the English at Oporto, 337;
sent by Soult to Joseph, 496;
pursues Robert Wilson, 619.
Franceschi, general, receives the surrender of Vigo and Tuy, 178;
routs La Romana’s rearguard, 194;
at Lanhozo, 231;
at Albergaria Nova, 325;
at Grijon, 329;
at Zamora, 402;
his captivity and death, 402.
Freire, Bernardino, general, at Braga, 224, 228;
his timidity, 228;
his flight, 232;
and death, 233.
Frere, John H., British ambassador, his negotiations regarding the
British garrison for Cadiz, 26-31;
correspondence with Wellesley, 290;
supports Albuquerque against Cuesta, 465;
urges Wellesley’s claims to be Commander-in-chief, 465, 466.
Galicia, Soult’s operations in, 170-95;
its insurrection, 367-401;
evacuated by Soult and Ney, 398-402.
Galindo, Mariano, leads a sortie from Saragossa, 119.
Galluzzo, general, defeated by Lefebvre at Almaraz, 4.
Garay, Don Martin de, Secretary to the Central Junta, declines the
British proposal to garrison Cadiz, 26, 27, 29;
his dealings with Lord Wellesley, 608.
Gazan, general, takes part in the siege of Saragossa, 104, 107, 109;
present at Arzobispo, 589.
German Legion, the King’s, losses of, at Talavera, 510.
Girard, general, storms the bridge of Arzobispo, 589.
Giron, Pedro, general, commands at Aranjuez, 612;
at Almonacid, 615.
Grijon, combat of, 328-30.
Henestrosa, Juan, general, commands cavalry of Cuesta’s army, checks
Lasalle at Berrocal and at Miajadas, 155;
at Medellin, 163.
Heudelet, general, sent out by Soult to relieve Tuy and Vigo, 262;
relieves Tuy, 263;
evacuates Tuy and Valenza, 265.
Hill, Sir Rowland, general, Wellesley’s appreciation of, 304, 305;
in the advance on Oporto, 326-8;
defends the Seminary, 338-9;
at Talavera, 503, 517, 524;
wounded, 525.
Igualada, combat of, 79.
_Impérieuse_, the, frigate, commanded by Lord Cochrane at Rosas, 48.
Infantado, Duke of, commands Army of the Centre, 5;
at Cuenca, 5;
his hesitation and delay, 6-8;
starts to join Venegas, 12;
his march to Chinchilla, 13;
joins Del Palacio on the Despeña Perros, 32;
removed from command by the Junta, 33;
his intrigues against the Junta, 464.
Jaca, surrender of, 408.
Joseph Bonaparte, King of Spain, his position at Madrid, 2-8;
makes formal entry into the capital, 13;
his anxiety about Soult and Ney’s expedition, 377;
dispatches an expedition to Galicia, 378;
correspondence with Victor, 443, 444;
leads his Guards from Madrid to pursue Venegas, 458;
joins Victor, 499, 500;
at the battle of Talavera, 527-54;
his mendacious report to Napoleon, 565;
retreats toward Madrid, 568;
marches against Venegas, 569;
his orders to Soult, 596;
wins battle of Almonacid, 614.
Jourdan, Jean-Baptiste, marshal, military adviser to King Joseph, his
controversy with Victor, 151;
his comments on the Spanish resistance, 167;
sends orders to Lapisse to go to Alcantara, 259;
at Talavera, 527-54;
his orders to Soult, 596.
Junot, general, Duke of Abrantes, besieges Saragossa, 110-19;
superseded by Lannes, 119;
removed from his command, 410.
Junta, the Central, flies from Aranjuez to Seville, 21;
its refusal to allow a British garrison in Cadiz, 26, 27, 29, 31;
refuses to appoint a single Commander-in-chief for Spanish troops, 35;
rejects the offers of negotiation of Sotelo, 169;
the plots against, 464;
its negotiations with Wellesley, 466;
its fears of Cuesta and intrigues with Venegas, 468-9;
endeavours to prevent Wellesley’s return to Portugal, 608.
Kellermann, François Christophe, general, commands expedition to
Galicia, 378;
forces the pass of Pajares, 382;
evacuates the Asturias, 388;
commands in Leon, 575, 597.
Lacoste, general, commands engineers at the siege of Saragossa, 104,
109, 115;
killed, 126.
Lafitte, colonel, one of Argenton’s conspiracy, 279;
his arrest, 323.
Lamartinière, general, left by Soult at Tuy, 188;
relieved by Heudelet, 262.
Lanhozo, combat of, 231, 232.
Lannes, Jean, marshal, besieges and takes Saragossa, 1, 119-36.
Lapisse, general, his instructions from Napoleon for the invasion of
Portugal, 253;
held in check by Wilson, 257, 258;
escapes from Wilson and sacks Alcantara, 260, 261;
joins Victor at Merida, 261;
at Talavera, 504, 516, 522;
killed, 543.
Lasalle, general, commands cavalry in Victor’s army, 150;
at Berrocal, 155;
at Medellin, 161.
Lazan, Marquis of, brings the Aragonese division to Gerona, 52;
pursues St. Cyr, 61;
fails to appear at the battle of Cardadeu, 67;
his success in the Ampurdam, 73, 74;
promises to succour Saragossa, 116, 120;
unites with Francisco Palafox, 131;
retreats before Lannes, 131;
at Alcañiz, 417;
at Maria, 424.
Lefebvre, general, delates Argenton to Soult, 321-2.
Lefebvre, marshal, Duke of Dantzig, defeats Galluzzo at Almaraz, 4;
disobeys Napoleon’s orders, sent back to France, 4.
Leval, general, at Talavera, 530.
Lima-Barreto, general, at the defence of Oporto, 241;
killed, 246.
Lippe, Conde de La (Frederick of Lippe-Bückeburg), his reorganization
of the Portuguese regular army, 208, 211.
Lisbon, disturbed condition of, 200-1;
Wellesley’s plans for defence of, 610.
Loison, general, his disinclination to advance into Portugal, 192;
hatred of the people of Oporto for, 243;
sent out by Soult to the Tras-os-Montes, 262;
resisted by Silveira, 267;
attacks Amarante, 267;
his difficulties, 267-71;
occupies Amarante, 271;
and Villa Real, 272;
disapproves of Soult’s ambitious views, 279;
checked by the Portuguese and abandons Amarante, 344, 345;
retreat of, to Guimaraens, 346.
Lusitanian Legion, the, raised by Sir R. Wilson, 168;
on the Portuguese frontier, 199, 202;
2nd batt. of, sent under Eben to Braga, 228;
at battle of Braga, 234;
1st batt. defends Alcantara, 441;
engaged in Wilson’s march to Escalona, 479-570.
Mackenzie, general, commands brigade sent to garrison Cadiz, 28;
returns to Lisbon, 32;
commands ‘containing force’ left by Wellesley on his advance to
Oporto, 317;
killed at Talavera, 541.
Mackinley, captain, R.N., receives the surrender of French garrison
of Vigo, 264.
Madrid, formal entry of Joseph into, 14.
Mahy, Nicolas, general, is defeated by Franceschi at La Trepa, 194;
left in command of La Romana’s army, 375;
retreats before Ney, 380;
his descent on Lugo, 384.
Maria, battle of, 423-8.
Maucune, general, defeated by Carrera near Santiago, 385.
Mayne, William, lieut.-col. of the Lusitanian Legion, governor of
Almeida, 256-8;
occupies Alcantara, 318;
driven out by Victor, 440-1.
Medellin, battle of, 158-66.
Melgarejo, governor of Ferrol, surrenders to Soult, 175.
Mequinenza, refuses to surrender to Mortier, 409.
Meza de Ibor, combat of, 153;
Cuesta at, 586, 592.
Miajadas, combat of, 155.
Milans, Francisco, leader of _miqueletes_, driven back by St. Cyr, 63;
fails to come up at battle of Cardadeu, 67.
Minho, Soult repulsed at the, 182.
_Miqueletes_, the Catalonian, surround Barcelona, 38, 60.
Misarella, passage of the, 357.
Molins de Rey, battle of, 1, 70, 71.
Moncey, Bon Adrien de, marshal, in charge of the siege of Saragossa,
91, 103-10;
recalled to Madrid, 110.
Moore, Sir John, his views on the defence of Portugal, 286.
Morella, taken and abandoned by Grandjean, 410.
Morillo, Pablo, leads Galicians against Vigo, 263;
at combat of Santiago, 385.
Mortier, Edouard, marshal, Duke of Treviso, leads the 5th Corps to take
part in the siege of Saragossa, 103-12;
operations of, in Eastern Aragon, 409;
recalled to Castile by Napoleon, 410, 411;
leads the vanguard of Soult’s force to Plasencia, 574;
meets Cuesta’s force at Oropesa, 583;
movements of, in the Tagus valley, 589.
Murray, George, general, fails to stop the retreating French at Oporto,
340, 341;
his pursuit of Soult, 350-1.
Napoleon, Emperor, his parting orders to Jourdan, 3;
at Valladolid, 15-6;
quits Spain, 18;
his plan for the next campaign, 16;
its impracticability, 18-21, 171;
his dispatch to Soult on the invasion of Portugal, 175;
receives news of Soult’s ambitious views, 276;
his estimate of Wellesley, 297;
his orders to Ney for the subjection of Galicia, 369;
of the Asturias, 388;
his criticism of Soult’s advance on Plasencia, 497;
his rebukes to Joseph and Jourdan, 537, 565;
orders the cessation of active operations, 618.
Ney, Michel, marshal, Duke of Elchingen, leaves Saragossa, 91;
joins Soult, 178;
his difficulties in Galicia, 191, 367-70;
captures Oviedo, 379-81;
his meeting with Soult at Lugo, 391;
repulsed by Noroña at the Oitaben, 396-7;
abandons Galicia, 398;
joins Soult in pursuit of Wellesley, 583;
fails at Almaraz, 594;
returns towards Salamanca, 597;
defeats Wilson at Baños, 620.
Noroña, Conde de, commands the ‘Division of the Minho,’ repulses
Ney at the Oitaben, 394-7.
O’Daly, Pedro, colonel, commands garrison of Rosas, 47, 50-6.
O’Donoju, general, chief of Cuesta’s staff, 472.
Oitaben, the, Ney repulsed by Noroña at, 395-7.
Oporto, fortifications of, 240;
stormed by Soult, 241-8;
surprise and capture of, by Wellesley, 334-42.
Oporto, the bishop of (Antonio de Castro), unwise zeal in rousing the
populace of Oporto, 198;
gathers an army for the defence of Oporto, 240, 241;
abandons the city, 242.
_Ordenanza_, the Portuguese _levée en masse_, called out by the
Regency, 197;
its organization, 221, 222;
opposes Soult’s advance, 223-38.
Orense, occupied by Soult, 189.
Oviedo, captured and sacked by Ney, 381.
Paget, Edward, general, crosses the Douro at Oporto, 336.
Palacio, Del, Marquis, escapes from Victor, 13;
commands Andalusian force, 25;
Captain-General of Catalonia, his slowness, 40;
recalled by the Central Junta, 41.
Palafox, Francisco, escapes from Saragossa to seek help for the
garrison, 116;
arms the local levies, 119;
joins Lazan’s force, 131;
retreats before Lannes, 131;
intrigues against the Junta, 464.
Palafox, Joseph, defends Saragossa, 92-136;
capitulates, 136-8;
taken prisoner to Vincennes, 139;
criticism of his defence, 140-2.
Parque, Duke del, commands division of the Army of Estremadura at Meza
de Ibor, 153;
at Medellin, 161, 163;
commands at Ciudad Rodrigo, 574.
Parreiras, general, takes part in the defence of Oporto, 241-6.
Patrick, colonel, his gallant defence of the bridge of Amarante, 267.
Peso de Regoa, combat of, 344.
_Philadelphes_, the, secret society in France opposed to Napoleon, 279.
Pino, general, at Cardadeu, 66;
at Valls, 87.
Pizarro, Magelhaes, his futile attempt to defend Chaves, 225, 226.
Ponte Nova, passage of the, 355-8.
Portugal, condition of, in the spring of 1809, 196-208;
Soult’s and Wellesley’s campaign in March-May, 1809, 222-366.
Portuguese army, its history and reorganization, 208-22.
Puerto de Baños, combat of, 620.
Quiroga, Abbot of Casoyo, raises Galicians against Soult, 184.
Reding, Teodoro, general, sent by Vives against St. Cyr, 62, 63;
at Cardadeu, 64, 65, 66, 67;
joins Caldagues, at Molins de Rey, 69;
defeated by St. Cyr, 70, 71;
supersedes Vives as Captain-General of Catalonia, 73;
in Tarragona, 76, 77;
drives back Souham at Valls, 84;
defeated by St. Cyr, 86, 87;
wounded and dies, 89.
Regency, the Portuguese, fails in organizing national defence after
Junot’s departure, 196, 197;
calls out the _Ordenanza_, 197;
asks for a British Commander-in-chief for the Portuguese army, 215;
its report on the Oporto campaign, 218;
attempts to mobilize the militia, 219.
Reille, general, withdraws to Figueras, 37;
sufferings of his troops, 39;
besieges and takes Rosas, 48-57.
Ricard, general, his circular letter on the subject of Soult’s election
as King of Portugal, 276.
Roca, general, at Alcañiz, 417;
at Maria, 424.
Rogniat, colonel, takes command of the French engineers at siege of
Saragossa, 126, 135.
Romana, La, Marquis of, condition of his army, 23;
his wanderings, 179; retreats to Monterey, 180;
escapes from. Franceschi, 193-5;
captures Villafranca, 374-5;
his _coup d’état_ at Oviedo, 375, 376;
routed by Ney at the passage of the Nova, 381;
marches to Orense, 386;
his operations against Soult, 399-400.
Rosas, siege of, 46-57.
Ruffin, general, commands division guarding Madrid, 3, 7;
at battle of Ucles, 10, 11;
leads night-attack at Talavera, 516-8;
leads the second attack, 523, 525.
St. Cyr, Laurent Gouvion, general, commands French army in
Catalonia, 34;
his character, 43;
sends Reille to besiege Rosas, 46-57;
proceeds against Barcelona, 58-68;
wins battle of Cardadeu, 64-7;
of Molins de Rey, 70, 71;
routs Castro’s troops at Igualada, 79;
wins battle of Valls, 87, 88.
St. March, general, takes part in the defence of Saragossa, 106;
receives military command of the city from Palafox, 136.
Salamonde, combat of, 357-8.
San Genis, colonel, fortifies Saragossa, 94;
killed on the ramparts, 117.
Santander, Ballasteros’ descent on, 386;
retaken by Bonnet, 387.
Santiago, combat near, 385.
Saragossa, second siege of, 90-136;
its outworks stormed, 105-14, 123;
street-fighting in, 123-35;
capitulation of, 136;
condition of, after the siege, 139.
Sass, Santiago, parish priest of Saragossa, shot by the French, 139.
Sebastiani, Horace, general, succeeds to command of the 4th Corps, 5;
routs Cartaojal at Ciudad Real, 146, 147;
at Talavera, 522, 527, 529;
eludes Venegas, 566, 567;
wins battle of Almonacid, 614.
Senra, general, joins Venegas before the battle of Ucles, 9.
Silveira, Francisco, general, military governor of the
Tras-os-Montes, 223;
assembles his forces at Chaves, 223;
returns to San Pedro, 224, 225;
to Villa Pouca, 228;
recaptures Chaves, 266;
attacks Loison, 267;
defends Amarante, 267-71;
escapes across the Douro, 272, 318;
checks Loison at Peso de Regoa, 344;
pursues Soult, 352, 359, 360.
Smith, Sir George, his endeavour to force a British garrison on
Cadiz, 27-9;
his death, 31.
_Somatenes_, their good work in Catalonia, 35, 38.
Sotelo, agent for Victor, tries to negotiate with the Governor of
Badajoz and Central Junta, 168, 169.
Souham, general, repulsed by Reding at Valls, 84, 85.
Soult, Nicolas, marshal, Duke of Dalmatia, receives instructions from
Napoleon for the invasion of Portugal, 18;
their impracticability, 18, 170-2;
difficulties of his task, 173;
captures Ferrol, 174, 175;
his final orders from Napoleon, 175, 176;
starts his troops for Portugal, 178;
fails to cross the Minho, 182;
difficulties of his progress in Galicia, 184-9;
occupies Orense, 189, and Chaves, 226;
wins battle of Braga, 235, 236;
storms Oporto, 242-8;
his ambitious views, 273-276;
his dealings with the Argenton conspiracy, 322, 323;
surprised by Wellesley in Oporto, 332-41;
his retreat, 343-60;
meets Ney at Lugo, 390;
abandons Galicia, 398-402;
his justificatory letters, 403-5;
appointed commander of the united army, 460, 461;
advances on Plasencia to support Joseph, 497, 573;
pursues Wellesley, 577-580;
routs Albuquerque at Arzobispo, 589-91;
his desire to invade Portugal, 595, 617;
checked by King Joseph, 618.
Stewart, Charles, general,
at combat of Grijon, 329;
at battle of Oporto, 340;
at conference of Mirabete, 470-1.
Suchet, general, takes command of the 3rd Corps, 412;
defeated at Alcañiz, 418-20;
wins battle of Maria, 423-7;
and of Belchite, 429.
Tactics, the, of Wellesley, 300, 301.
Talavera, Victor retires to, 490;
the allied armies at, 491-2;
battle of, 502-56.
Tarragona, blockaded by St. Cyr, 89.
Troncoso, Mauricio, Abbot of Couto, raises the Galician peasantry
against Soult, 184.
Tuy, surrendered to Franceschi, 178;
occupied by Lamartinière, 188;
relieved by Heudelet, 262;
evacuated by the French, 264.
Ucles, battle of, 10-12;
town of, sacked by the French, 12.
Valls, battle of, 82-9.
Vaughan, Sir Charles, his testimony to Palafox’s character, 142.
Venegas, Francisco, general, attempts to surprise Tarancon, 6;
defeated by Victor at Ucles, 9-12;
supersedes Cartaojal in command of the Army of the Centre, 148;
advances to meet Sebastiani, 457;
fails to carry out Wellesley’s and Cuesta’s orders, 478;
at Toledo, 529;
allows the army of Sebastiani to escape him, 566, 567;
loses the opportunity of occupying Madrid, 568;
his blunders, 612;
defeated at Almonacid, 614.
Victor, Claude Perrin, marshal, Duke of Belluno, defeats Spaniards at
Ucles, 9-12;
marches to Almaraz, 143, 144;
his controversy with Jourdan, 151;
drives back the Duke del Parque at Meza de Ibor, 153;
wins battle of Medellin, 158-66;
remains stationary at Merida, 252;
joined by Lapisse, 261;
seizes Alcantara, 440-41;
misery of his army, 443-4;
retires from Talavera, 490;
joined by Joseph and Jourdan, 500;
at Talavera, 504-55;
his night-attack, 516-8;
his second attack, 522;
his great attack, 531-54;
retreats on Madrid, 570;
reoccupies Talavera, 580;
in La Mancha, 618.
Vigo, surrenders to Franceschi, 178;
blockaded by Galicians, 263;
surrenders to Capt. Mackinley, R.N., 264.
Villafranca, captured by La Romana, 374, 375.
Villatte, general, at the battle of Ucles, 11;
at Talavera, 522, 531.
Villel, Marquis of, special commissioner at Cadiz, opposes landing of
British troops, 28;
his eccentric legislation, 29, 30;
recalled by the Junta, 31.
Villiers, Hon. John, British minister at Lisbon, opposes Cradock’s
timid policy, 205.
Vittoria, general, at the defence of Oporto, 241, 245.
Vives, appointed Captain-General of Catalonia, 41;
invests Barcelona, 41;
fails to send help to Rosas, 51;
sends _miqueletes_ against St. Cyr, 61;
defeated at Cardadeu, 66, 67;
at Molins de Rey, 71;
superseded by Reding, 73.
Waters, colonel, seizes barges for the crossing of the Douro, 334, 335.
Wellesley, Sir Arthur, takes command of British troops in
Portugal, 207;
declines the post of commander-in-chief of the Portuguese army, 216;
arrives in Lisbon, 283;
his opinions on the defence of Portugal, 287, 290, 293;
his character and abilities, 295-300;
his limitations, 302-11;
his tactics, 300, 301;
his interviews with Argenton, 315, 321;
advance on Oporto, 316-35;
attacks and takes Oporto, 335-42;
his pursuit of Soult, 354-66;
correspondence with Cuesta, 445-8;
reviews Cuesta’s troops at Almaraz, 470-2;
quarrel with Cuesta at Talavera, 491, 492;
his choice of the positions at Talavera, 503, 507;
wins battle of Talavera, 513-54;
marches on Plasencia, 573;
on Oropesa, 583;
holds the line of the Tagus, 600-1;
retires to Badajoz, 606;
his plans for the Defence of Portugal, 610.
Wellesley, Richard, Marquis, his diplomacy at Seville, 608.
West, captain, R. N., of the _Excellent_, at Rosas, 49, 50.
Wilson, Sir Robert, commands the Loyal Lusitanian Legion, 168;
his differences with the bishop of Oporto, 199;
his character and record, 253, 254;
refuses to retreat as advised by Sir John Cradock, 256;
holds Lapisse in check, 257, 258;
joins Wellesley’s advance into Spain, 438;
threatens Victor’s flank after Talavera, 570;
his escape from Escalona, 619;
defeated by Ney at Baños, 620.
Worster, lieut.-general, commands Asturian force, 372;
escapes from Ney, 383.
END OF VOL. II
Oxford: Printed at the Clarendon Press, by HORACE HART, M.A.
TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE
* Obvious printer errors have been silently corrected.
* Original spelling was kept, but variant spellings were made
consistent when a predominant usage was found.
* To aid referencing places and names in present-day maps and
documents, outdated and current spellings of some proper names
follow:
Alariz, now Allariz,
Albuquerque, now Alburquerque,
Alemtejo, now Alentejo,
Aljafferia, now Aljafería,
Almanza, now Almansa,
Arens de Mar, now Arenys de Mar,
Arzobispo, now El Puente del Arzobispo,
Ballasteros, now Ballesteros,
Baylen, now Bailén,
Busaco, now Buçaco,
Cacabellos, now Cacabelos,
Cangas de Oñis, now Cangas de Onís,
Campo Saucos, now Camposancos
Cardadeu, now Cardedeu,
Cascaes, now Cascais,
Cette, now Sète,
Cevolla, now Cebolla,
Compostella, now Compostela,
Cordova, now Córdoba,
Corunna, now La Coruña,
Deleytosa, now Deleitosa,
Despeña Perros, now Despeñaperros,
El Moral, now Moral de Calatrava,
Estremadura, now Extremadura (for Spain),
Estremadura (for Portugal),
Florida Blanca, now Floridablanca,
Fuentedueñas, now Fuentidueña de Tajo,
Giguela (river), now Gigüela,
Grijon, now Grijó,
Guimaraens, now Guimarães,
Huerba (river), now Huerva,
La Bispal, now La Bisbal,
La Gudina, now La Gudiña,
Lanhozo, now Lanhoso,
Loxa, now Loja,
Majorca, now Mallorca,
Meza de Ibor, now Mesas de Ibor,
Mondonedo, now Mondoñedo,
Monmalo, now Montmeló,
Monterey, now Monterrey,
Osoño, now Villardevós (Osoño),
Pampeluna, now Pamplona,
Passo d’Arcos, now Paço de Arcos
Pillar, now Pilar,
Riva de Sella, now Ribadesella,
San Boy, now Sant Boi de Llobregat,
San Culgat, now Sant Cugat del Vallés,
San Per, now Samper de Calanda,
Saragossa, now Zaragoza,
Sarreal, now Sarral,
Senabria, now Sanabria,
Tajuna, now Tajuña,
Tortola, now Valdetórtola,
Truxillo, now Trujillo,
Vierzo, now El Bierzo,
Villa de Cervo, now Villar de Ciervo,
Villaharta, now Villarta de San Juan,
Villa Nova de Famelicção, now Vila Nova de Famalicão,
Villanueva de Sitjas, now Sitges,
Villarodoña, now Villarrodona,
Vincente, now Vicente,
Vittoria, now Vitoria,
Zornoza, now Amorebieta-Echano.
* Chapter headers and Table of contents have been made consistent.
* Footnotes have been renumbered into a single series. Each footnote
is placed at the end of the paragraph that includes its anchor.
* In the following pages, the anchor placement for the mentioned
footnote is conjectured; no anchor was found in the printed original:
p. 27, n. 35; p. 49, n. 57; p. 293, n. 353; p. 316, n. 390; p. 343,
n. 427; p. 372, n. 466; p. 420, n. 524.
* In Appendix IV, the meaning of the marks preceding regiment names
seems to be those used in Volume I, App. VIII: “* marks an old
regiment of the regular army; † a militia regiment; ‡ a regiment of
new levies.”
End of Project Gutenberg's A History of the Peninsula War, by Charles Oman