another singular and solemn Banner; every Knight was to have his
Esquire armed at all Points, a little Valet for his Lance and Helmet, a
bigger to carry his Mail, and a third to lead his Sumpter; Five Horses,
and Four Servants were to attend him in all Warlike Expeditions, and
Two or Three Horses and Servants in all Times of Peace. The Number of
these Knights of the _Holy Chevalry_ was 1000 or 1100.
33. _The Order of the_ Brician _Knights in_ Sweden.
WAS founded, _A. D._ 1366. by an holy and famous Queen of that Kingdom
which they repute St. _Bridget_, the Aim of whose Profession was to
oppose Heresy, secure the Confines of the Kingdom, bury the Dead,
succour Widows and Fatherless, and to keep up Hospitality. Their chief
Ensign was a _Blue Octogonal Cross, and under it a Tongue of Fire_, the
Symbol of Love and Charity.
34. _Knights of St._ Maurice _in_ Savoy.
THIS Order took its rise upon the Retreat of _Amadeus_ VIII. Duke of
_Savoy_, into the Desart of _Ripaille_, near the Lake of _Geneva_, and
was conferr’d by him, _A. D._ 1434. on Ten of his Courtiers, who
retir’d with him, as well as to preserve the Memory of St. _Maurice_,
the Patron of _Savoy_. Nine Years after its Institution, the Founder
was elected Pope, _A. D._ 1439. and assumed the Name of _Felix_ V. Nine
Years after that he resigned the Chair, and retir’d to his Solitude in
_Ripaille_, where he died, _Jan._ 7. 1451. and lies buried at
_Lausanna_. The Order continued not long after his Death; but Duke
_Emanuel Philibert_ restored it, _A. D._ 1572. and the Dukes of _Savoy_
are their Grand Masters.
35. _Knights of the_ Holy Ghost,
WERE instituted by Pope _Paul_ II. _A. D._ 1468. under the Title of
Brethren of the Hospital of the _Holy Ghost_, They wore upon their
Habits a _White Cross forme_.
36. _Knights of St._ George _in_ Austria _and_ Carinthia.
THE Emperor _Frederick_ III. others say _Rudolphus_ of _Hapsburgh_,
first Founder of the Greatness of the House of _Austria_, instituted
this Order, A. D. 1470. chiefly to guard the Frontiers of _Germany_,
_Hungary_, _Austria_, _Stiria_, and _Carinthia_, and to suppress the
Insolency of the Turks, since which these Knights have gallantly
behaved themselves. The Great Master was advanc’d to the Honour of a
Prince; and the Castle of _Mildstad_ in _Carinthia_ was given him for
his Seat, where was founded a Cathedral Church of Canons, under the
Rule of St. _Augustin_. Their Ensign is the Arms of St. _George_, a
_red Cross_, and their Habit white; they profess Conjugal Chastity and
Obedience, and have the Emperors for their Protectors.
THERE are also _Cavalleros de San Jorge en Alemania_, an Order erected
by the Emperor _Maximilian_, 1494. upon the like Design with the
former; it was confirmed by Pope _Alexander_ VI. and is under the same
Profession and Protection as the other. There Ensign is a _red Cross_,
with a _Crown of Gold_ on the top of it; they were otherwise called
_crowned Knights_; for after they had served a Year, they and their
Heirs have a peculiar right of Adorning their Shields and Helms with a
Crown; the Occasion was upon a notable Victory obtained against the
_Turks_, who confessed that a Man on Horseback supposed to be St.
_George_, put them into that Fear and Disorder as to quit the Field.
37. _Knights of St._ George _at_ Rome.
THESE were instituted by _Alexander_ VI. 1498. or, as others say, by
Pope _Paul_ III. at whose Death it became extinct. They dwelt at
_Ravenna_, their Province, and were to secure the _Adriatick Sea_ from
Pyrates.
38. _Knights of St._ Peter _at_ Rome.
POPE _Leo_ X. _A. D._ 1520. instituted this Order to fight against the
_Turks_, and defend the Sea Coasts. Their Number was Four Hundred; they
wore the Image of St. _Peter within an Oval of Gold hanging at a Golden
Chain_.
39. _Knights of St._ Paul _at_ Rome,
WERE instituted by _Paul_ III. 1540. and while he was Pope, he made Two
Hundred of them. Their Ensign was _St._ Paul’_s Image hanging at a
Golden Chain_.
40. _Knights called_ Pios _at_ Rome.
POPE _Pius_ IV. erected this Order 1560. He created of them at first
375. but they encreased to 535. He granted them very considerable
Endowments, and preferr’d them before the Knights of the Empire, and
_Malta_, because they were his Courtiers, and had the Charge of
carrying his Chair on their Shoulders when he went abroad.
41. _Knights of St._ Stephen _at_ Florence.
THIS Order was founded in imitation of the Knights of _Malta_, 1561. by
_Cosmo de Medicis_ II. Duke of _Florence_, afterwards first Duke of
Tuscany, in honour of St. _Stephen_, Pope and Martyr, the Patron of the
City of _Florence_, and in memory of the Battle on the 6th of _August_,
(St. _Stephens-day_) at _Marciano_, where overthrowing the Assertors of
Liberty, he laid the Foundation of his Grandeur. _Pius_ IV. confirmed
it under the Rule of St. _Benedict_, which was afterwards enlarged with
many Emoluments and Privileges, by the succeeding Popes. The Knights
vow’d Conjugal Chastity and Charity, in relieving the Afflicted,
Obedience to their Masters the Great Dukes of _Tuscany_. The chief
Place of their Residence was at _Pisa_, where the Founder erected a
Church and Convent, as a Nursery for Persons skilful in Maritime
Affairs, but since it is transferred to _Cosmopoli_ in the Isle of
_Ilva_. Their Habit is a long Mantle of White Chamlet trimmed with Red,
and on the left part of their Breast a _Cross_ (like that of _Malta_)
_of red_ or _crimson Satin border’d with Gold_; it is daily worn on
their Cloaks, and on their Military Garments, and about their Necks in
a Ribbon on Festival Days. This Order (like the _Maltese_) also
consists of Knights, Priests and Servants. The Priests wear the _Cross
of red Taffaty_ without a Bordure, the Servants the _Cross_ of St.
_Anthony_ only. The Statutes were reformed by _Ferdinand_ Duke of
_Tuscany_, Son to the Founder, and approv’d, 1590.
42. _Knights of St._ Maurice _and St._ Lazarus _in_ Savoy.
POPE _Gregory_ XIII. having, at the Request of _Emanuel Philibert_,
Duke of _Savoy_, restor’d the Order of St. _Lazarus_, and the Order of
St. _Maurice_, _A. D._ 1572. and constituted this Duke Grand Master,
the same Year, for their greater Honour, he united them under the Title
of St. _Maurice_ and St. _Lazarus_, and appointed the Dukes of _Savoy_
Hereditaries and Masters, and oblig’d them to furnish out two Gallies
for the Service of the Papal See, to be employ’d against Pyrates. Upon
this Union, the Knights had assign’d them for Habit a Gown of Crimson
Tabby, with wide Sleeves, a long Train, and edg’d with white Taffaty,
and a Cordon with a Tassel of White and Green fix’d to the Collar. The
Badge is, _A green Cross ancree of St._ Laurence, _plac’d Saltirewise,
surmounted with the white Cross pornelle of St. Maurice_, which the
Knights wear either in a Gold Chain, or any colour’d Ribbon. And the
said Duke founded for the Knights two fair Convents, one at _Nice_, the
other at _Turin_, and bestow’d on them all the Revenues within his
Territories, formerly appertaining to the Order of St. _Lazarus_. The
Dukes of _Savoy_, as Grand Masters, use this Title.
43. _Knights of_ Loretto.
THIS Order, about the Year 1587. was instituted by _Sixtus_ V. who
erected the Church of our Lady at _Loretto_ into a Cathedral and
Bishop’s See, and gave the Knights for their Ensign, _the Image of our
Lady of Loretto_, hung in a Gold Chain. This is not quite extinguish’d.
44. _Knights of the Blessed Virgin_ Mary _of Mount_ Carmel.
THO’ the Grand Mastership of St. _Lazarus_, and its Commandaries in all
Dominions, were confirm’d by Pope _Gregory_ XIII. upon the House of
_Savoy_, yet under King _Henry_ III. some Knights in _France_, of that
Order, refus’d to joyn with their Fellows, under the Obedience of the
Duke of _Savoy_. King _Henry_ IV. desirous to have a new order, bearing
the Denomination of _The Blessed Virgin_, &c. apply’d himself to Pope
_Paul_ V. and obtain’d what he su’d for _A. D._ 1608. (besides other
Pensions out of certain Ecclesiastical Benefices in _France_) the
Commandaries and Hospitals of St. _Lazarus_ in that Kingdom, and the
_Knights of St._ Lazarus that remain’d in _France_, were incorporated
with them under two Titles; their Seal being inscrib’d, _Sigillum
Ordinis & Militiæ Mariæ Virginis de Monte Carmeli, & Sancti Lazari in
Hierusalem_. The Order consists of One Hundred choice _French_
Gentlemen, whose Offices are to attend on the King in every warlike
Expedition. They vow Chastity and Obedience, and profess to fight
against the Enemies of the Romish See. The Feast of the Patroness is
the 16th of _July_; _Philibert Nerestang_, a valiant Knight of St.
_Lazarus_, was elected their first Master 1608. Their Badge is a Cross
of 8 Points of tawny Velvet or Sattin, with a white Border sow’d on the
left Side of their Cloaks, and the Image of the Virgin _Mary_ of _Mount
Carmel_ plac’d in the Middle, within a Rundle encompass’d with Rays of
Gold. They also wear about their Necks, in a tawny Silk Ribbon, the
like Cross of Gold; but the Image of the said Knights is enamel’d on
both Sides. There Investiture is like that of _Malta_.
45. _Knights of the most Glorious Virgin_ Mary _of_ Rome.
_A. D._ 1618. _Pedro_, _John Baptista_, and _Bernardo_, sirnam’d
_Petrignaneos_ (three Brethren of _Spelta_ in _Italy_) invented this
Order: To which was added, the Rule of St. _Francis d’Assise_, whereof
the Popes are Great Masters. _Paul_ V. confirm’d them, and gave these
Knights the Palace of St. _John Lateran_ for their Convent, and the
City and Port of _Civita Vecchia_ to make their Arsenal; with an Island
adjacent, together with the Government of his Gallies. Their
Institution was for the Exaltation of the _Roman_ Church, and to check
or suppress the _Turks_ roving in the Mediterranean. There are three
Sorts of this Order, 1. _Knights Gentlemen_, Laicks. 2. _Knights
Gentlemen_, Priests and benefic’d. 3. _Knights Chaplains_, or _Servants
of Arms_. All of these wear on the left Side of their Mantles their
Badge, which is a _blew Cross floree Azure_, border’d with _Silver_,
having 4 _Mullets_, or _Stars_, at the End of each Flower, to signifie
the Four Evangelists; in the Middle is a Circle (extended round
underneath the Arms of the Cross) set with 12 Rays for the 12 Apostles,
inscrib’d, _In hoc signo vincam_; and within it (taking up the Center
of the Cross) is a Cypher of _M. S._ i. e. _Sancta Maria_, crown’d with
Chaplets of Flowers, and Stars of Gold set over the Chaplet.
46. _Knights of the_ Annunciade, _and St._ Michael _the Archangel in_
Mantua, _or of the Christian Militia in_ Moravia.
BY these Names they have been promiscuously called. It was instituted
1618. by _Charles Gonzaga_, Duke of _Mantua_ and _Nevers_, in
Conjunction with _Adolph_, Count of _Altham_ his Brother, and _John
Baptist Petrignan Sfortia_. To give it the greater Lustre, they divided
the World among them; _Charles_ took the North and West Parts, _Adolph_
the Eastern, and the other had the South, where they were personally to
found Convents and invest Knights. Duke _Charles_ began his Institution
of this Order under the Rule of St. _Francis_, in _Olmutz_ the
Metropolis of _Moravia_, the Year aforesaid, and dedicated it to the
blessed Virgin and St. _Michael_: But what Progress the others made in
their pious Resolutions, History is silent. It has been likewise
styl’d, _Conceptionis Ordo & Militis Virginis annunciatæ_. _Anno_ 1612.
several illustrious Princes of divers Countries entered themselves into
that Order at _Vienna_. It was approv’d by Pope _Paul_ V. and confirm’d
by Pope _Paul_ VIII. 1624. The Design of its Institution was, to
establish Peace and Concord among Christian Princes and their Subjects;
to release Captives, and deliver the Oppressed out of the Hands of the
Infidels.
On some unhappy Difference among the illustrious Founders, in a short
time it moulder’d away and became ineffectual, that the Mahometans (for
whose Destruction it was design’d) heard only the Report of it.
CAP. III.
§ 1. HAVING particulariz’d the Religious Orders, I shall proceed to
those accounted absolutely Military. Among them,
1. _Knights of the_ Round Table _may, for Antiquity,
challenge the first Place_.
The Founder was _Arthur_ King of _Britain_, crown’d in the Year of our
Lord 516, at the Age of 15 Years; of whose incredible Courage and
Gallantry, tho’ some have stretch’d too far, yet _William_ of
_Malmsbury_ is of Opinion, he was worthy to have been celebrated by
true and faithful Historians, and not false and spurious Tales. He it
was that long prop’d up his declining Country, and inspir’d Martial
Courage into his Subjects, the _Saxons_, in twelve pitch’d Battles
having overcome, and conquer’d divers Countries. He liv’d in so great
Repute and Renown, that worthy Knights came from all Parts to his
Court, as a Seminary of Military Discipline, to demonstrate their
Valour in point of Arms. This gave him Occasion to select out of these,
and his own Subjects, some say Twenty Four of the most Valiant, which
he united in a Fellowship; and to avoid all Controversy upon
Precedency, caus’d a Round Table to be made, whence the Order had its
Appellation. He admitted not only _Britains_, but Strangers; and their
Qualifications were to be Persons of Nobility, Dignity, and renown’d
for Vertue and Valour. The Place where they were instituted was
_Windsor_; and those others of Note, where he and his Knights
assembled, were at _Caerleon_ in _Monmouthshire_, _Winchester_, and
_Camelot_ in _Com’ Somerset_; and their time of convening was
_Whitsuntide_. In _Winchester_ Castle was a large Round Table, call’d
(and affirm’d to be) King _Arthur_’s; or at least set up in the room of
one more ancient, which was destroy’d in the rebellious Times of Forty
One, with other Reliques there. The Articles of their Profession
(Number 12) are set down by Sir _William Segar_. We find no authentick
Proof what Badge they bore, notwithstanding the Report that King
_Arthur_ had a Shield nam’d _Pridwin_, wherein the Virgin _Mary_ was
depicted. His Sword and Lance had also their Names, one being call’d
_Caliburne_, the other _Irone_ or _Rone_. It’s not remember’d that this
Order surviv’d the Founder, but rather that it expir’d with him, most
of these Knights perishing with him at the Battle of _Kamblan_, now
_Camelsford_, in _Cornwall_, where tho’ he kill’d his Enemy _Mordred_,
yet he dy’d _A. D._ 542.
IT may be noted, that the like Round Table grew in Estimation
shortly after the _Norman_ Conquest, being permitted at Haslelades,
Tilts and Turnaments, _temp. Steph._ and _R. I._ And _Roger
Mortimer_, Earl of _March_, kept the Celebration of the Round Table
(consisting of One Hundred Knights, and as many Ladies) with
Tilting at _Kenelworth_-Castle, in _Com’ Worcest’_ 7 _Ed._ I. And
King _Edward_ III. designing to restore it, held a Just at
_Windsor_ in the 18th Year of his Reign; and in the 19th ordain’d
it annually to be kept there at _Whitsontide_. But it was thought
fit upon divers Accounts to forbid these Assemblies, and in
particular 16 _H._ III. at _Shrewsbury_, when the King went to meet
_Llewellin_ Prince of _Wales_, and in 36 _H._ III. and at many
other times.
2. _Knights of the_ Oak _in_ Navarre,
WERE instituted by _Garcia Ximenes_ of the Blood of the _Goths_, who
had formerly retir’d from the World to a solitary Life, but
relinquish’d it to command an Army rais’d by the _Navarrois_, to
deliver themselves from the Oppression of the _Moors_. As he was
marching to encounter them, _A. D._ 722. there appear’d to him from the
Top of an Oak the Sign of the Cross, ador’d by an infinite Number of
Angels. On giving Battle to the Infidels he gain’d a remarkable
Victory, and the People elected him their King; and he in thankfulness
to God erected this Order, investing his Nobles therewith, and oblig’d
them to defend the Christian Faith, and acknowledge Obedience to his
Successors, Kings of _Navarre_. Time has eclips’d this Order.
3. _The Order of the_ Gennet,
WAS Founded by _Charles Martel_, in Memory of the famous Battle near
_Tours_, _A. D._ 726. where he overthrew 385000 _Saracens_ and _Moors_,
with their General _Abdiramo_; and to reward those who had well-behav’d
themselves in this Action. The great Number of rich Gennet Furr,
(Ermine has since gain’d the better value) as also the Creatures
themselves taken alive among the Spoils, was the Occasion of assuming
the Name: But others impute it to Gennets, a kind of neat-shap’d
Horses, whereof not unlikely a great Part of the Founder’s Cavalry
consisted. The Knights were Sixteen in Number, and were accounted the
first Order of this Nature among the _French_, which continu’d till the
Institution of the _Star_, when it was laid aside, tho’ some _French_
Authors question if ever the Order was in being.
4. _The Order of the_ Crown-Flower,
ERECTED by _Charles_ the Great, Son of King _Pepin_, _A. D._ 802. to
reward the _Frizons_, who had behav’d themselves valiantly in his
Armies, and to encourage others to emulate their Vertue. It was so
call’d from its Ensign, _viz._ an Imperial Crown embroider’d with Gold.
The Knights were invested with the Military Belt and a Box on the Ear.
5. _The Order of the_ Dog _and_ Cock.
THAT there was such an Order in _France_ is related by several Writers,
but they give no certain Account of its Institution.
6. _The Order of St._ Andrew, _or the_ Thistle, _in_ Scotland,
IS reported by _John Lesley_, Bishop of _Ross_, to take beginning from
a bright Cross in Heaven, in Fashion of that whereon St. _Andrew_
suffer’d Martyrdom, which appear’d to _Hungus_, King of the _Picts_
(and to the _Scots_ whom _Achaius_ King of _Scotland_ sent to his
Assistance) the Night preceding the Battle with _Athelstan_ King of
_England_; over whom prevailing, they went in Solemn Procession to the
Kirk of St. _Andrew_, to thank God and his Apostle for their Victory,
promising that they and their Posterity would ever bear the Figure of
that Cross in their Ensigns and Banners. _Favin_, in his _Theatre of
Honour_, relates it to be instituted upon the famous League, Offensive
and Defensive, made between _Achaius_ and _Charlemain_ King of
_France_; to preserve the Memory of which Alliance, _Achaius_ added the
_Tressure of Flowers de Lys_ to the Lyon, and took for Device the
_Thistle_ and _Rue_, which he compos’d into a Collar of his Order; and
for his Motto, _Pour ma Defence_: Yet doth _Menenius_ make these the
Symbols of two different Orders, one of the _Thistle_, whence the
Knights were so styl’d, and the Motto, _Nemo me impune lacessit_; the
other call’d _Sertum Rutæ_, or _The Garland of Rue_: Nevertheless to
both these Collars hung one and the same Jewel, _viz._ the Figure of
St. _Andrew_, bearing his Cross before him. _But there are some_, saith
the same Author, _that refer the Institution of the_ Thistle (the Badge
of the _Scotch_ Kingdom from the Times of _Achaius_) _to the Reign of_
Charles VII. _King of_ France, _when the Amity was renew’d between both
Kingdoms_. Lastly, Others place its Foundation 1500. Their principal
Ensign is a Gold Collar, compos’d of Thistles interlink’d with Anulets
of Gold, and pendant thereto St. _Andrew_ with his Cross, and this
Epigraph, _Nemo me impune lacessit_. Their solemn Meeting was annually
on St. _Andrew_’s Day, in the Church of the Town dedicated to his Name:
During the Festivity, the Knights were richly habited, and wore their
Parliament Robes, having fix’d on their left Shoulders an Azure
Roundle, charg’d with a Saltire Argent, or St. _Andrew_’s Cross enfil’d
in Centre, with a Crown compos’d of _Flower de Luces Or_. For the
ordinary and common Ensign, the Knights us’d a Green Ribbon, whereat
hung a Thistle of Gold, crown’d with an Imperial Crown, within a Circle
of Gold, containing the last nam’d Epigraph; and now of late they have
sew’d to their left Breast an Irradiation (like that of _The Knights of
the Garter_) over a Saltire Silver, the Irradiation charg’d with a Blew
Roundle of St. _Andrew_’s Cross. Their Number consisted of Thirteen, in
Allusion to our blessed Saviour and the Twelve Apostles.
7. _Knights of_ our Lady of the Star,
OWE their Original to _Robert_ the Devout of _France_, _A. D._ 1022. to
manifest his strict Devotion to the blessed Virgin. They were in Number
Thirty, inclusive of the Chief. Their Seat was in the noble and ancient
House of St. _Owen_, call’d _de Chichey_, near St. _Denys_ in _France_.
This Order was of no long continuance, for being much sully’d and
disgrac’d (during the Civil and Foreign Wars) by the Imitation of
Persons that had neither Birth nor Merit to recommend them, King
_Charles_ VII. took Occasion to efface it _A. D._ 1455. by delivering
up, in a Chapter, the Ensign that he wore to the Chevalier _du Guet_,
Captain of the Night-watch in _Paris_, the Lords and Princes throwing
it off after it had receiv’d that Mark of Infamy; tho’ some alledge it
declin’d upon the Erection of _The Order of St._ Michael, as the _Star_
supplanted that of the _Gennet_.
8. _The Order of the_ Lilly _in_ Navarre, _or of St._ Mary _of the_ Lilly,
WAS founded _A. D._ 1048. by _Garcius_ VI. King of _Navarre_, in Honour
of the blessed Virgin _Mary_, after his Recovery from a languishing
Sickness. Others relate, that prevailing against the _Moors_, he made a
Feast in Honour of the blessed Virgin, at which he instituted this
Order, electing his Brothers and Sons among the first Knights. It was
esteem’d the most Illustrious of all _Spain_, and consisted of Thirty
Eight Knights, extracted out of the ancientest Blood of _Navarre_,
_Biscay_ and _Old Castile_. The Kings of _Navarre_ were their Chief.
They promis’d, at their Institution, to expose their Lives and Fortunes
in Defence of the Christian Faith, the Conservation of the Crown, and
Expulsion of the _Moors_.
9. _The Order of the_ Sword _in_ Cyprus,
WAS erected 1195. by _Guy_ of _Lusignan_, King of _Jerusalem_ and
_Cyprus_, after he had purchas’d that Isle of our King _Richard_ I. in
Commemoration of so fortunate a Plantation of 15000 Persons whom he
brought thither. Some question the Truth of this; however all assent,
its Founder was one of the _Lusignan_ Family. The Collar was compos’d
of round Cordons of white Silk, woven into Love-Knots, interlac’d with
the Letters S and R. Beneath this Collar hung an Oval of Gold, whereon
was perfigur’d a Sword, the Blade enamell’d Silver, the Hilt Gold, and
about the Oval this _Motto_, _Securitas Regni_. _Micheli_ says, _Pro
Fide Servanda_, and _Gothofredus, pro integritate tuenda_. Their
Festivity was _Ascension-Day_, whereon the Founder gave it (in the
Church of St. _Sophia_, the Cathedral of _Nicosia_ in _Cyprus_) to his
Brother _Amaury_, and to Three Hundred Barons establish’d in that his
new Kingdom. There were Eight Kings of _Cyprus_ of the _Lusignan_ Line,
Great Masters; but when this Isle fell into the Hands of the _Turks_,
this Institution ceas’d.
10. _The_ Bear _in_ Switzerland,
WAS instituted _A. D._ 1213. by the Emperor _Frederick_ II. in Favour
of the Abbot of St. _Gall_ in _Swaben_, who had assisted him in gaining
the Empire. These Knights wore a Collar of Gold, at the End whereof
hung a Bear Gold, mounted on an Hillock enamell’d with Black, in Honour
of St. _Ursus_ of the _Theban_ Legion, who was martyr’d before the
Temple of the Sun at _Soleurre_ in _Switzerland_. It was also call’d
_The Order of St._ Gall, from the Name of the Patron (a _Scotch_
Gentleman, and the Apostle of _Swaben_) of the Place where it receiv’d
its Appellation. The Abbot whereof, for the Time being, had Power to
confer this Honour, which was done by girding with the Military Belt
(the Sword being first consecrated) and putting on the Collar. It
continu’d ’till the _Switzers_ became a Common-Wealth; and then the
Castles of the Nobles being dismantled, it was laid aside.
11. _The_ Broom-Flower _in_ France,