Collection in vats, =584=
Colour of fumes, =235=
Indication of copper, =116=
Indication of gold, =117=
Mineral, 109
Smelting of, =401=
Church, Share in Mines, =91=
Cimolite, 31
Cinnabar (_see_ Quicksilver _and_ _Minium_).
Claim, in American Title, 77
Cloth.
Lining sluices, =322=
Ventilation by shaking, =210=
Coal, 34
Cobalt, 354; 542; 112-113
Cobalt-blue, 112; 433
From lead smelting, 408
King Hiram's experience with, 214
Poisonous to miners, 214
Relation to _cadmia_, 112
Relation to bismuth, 435
Smelting ores of, 401
Cobalt-Arsenic Minerals (_see_ Arsenic).
Cobaltite, 113
_Cobaltum cineraceum_ (_see_ Smallite).
_Cobaltum ferri colore_ (_see_ Cobaltite).
_Cobaltum nigrum_ (_see_ Abolite).
Coiners, =95=; 78
Coins, =251-253=; =457=
Colchis.
Alluvial gold washing, =330=
Cologne.
Scale of weights, =263=
Companies, Mining, =89-93=; 90
Fraudulent dealing, =22=
Investment in, =29=
Compass, =141-142=; 56; 129
Divisions of the, =56=; =57=
Swiss, =145=; 137
Concentrates.
From washing liquation products, =542=
Sintering of, =401=
Smelting of, =394=; =396-399=; =401=
Concentration, =267-348=; 279; 354
_Congius_, 153; 172, 617
Constantinople, Alum Trade, 569
Consumption.
Miners liable to, =214=
_Conterfei_ (_see_ Zinc).
Contracts, Method of Setting, =96=
Copiapite, 111
Copper (_see also_ Liquation), 109; 402; 511
Assay of, =244=; =249=
Granulation of, =250=
Indications of, =116=
Parting from gold, =462-464=
Parting gold from silver, =448-451=; 448
Ratio in liquation cakes, 505; 506
Residues from liquation, =521=
Rosette, =538=
Copper-filings, =233=; 233; 221
Copper flowers, =538=; 110; 233; 538
Pliny's description, 404
Copper Glance, =401=; 109
Copper Matte.
Roasting, =350=
Smelting, =404-407=
Copper Ore (_see also_ Copper Smelting, _etc._), 109
Assaying, =244-245=
Copper Pyrites, =117=; 109
Copper Refining, =530-538=; 354; 492; 535-536
Breaking cakes, =501-503=
Enrichment of silver by settling, 510
Roman method, 404
Rosette copper, 535
Copper Scales, 110; 221; 233; 539
Use in assaying, =245=
Copper Schists (_see also_ Mannsfeld Copper Slates), 127
Method of smelting, =408=
Copper Smelting, =388-390=; =401=; =404=; 402
Invention of appliances, 353-354
Cornwall.
Ancient tin mining, 413
Early German miners, 282
Early mining law, 85
Early ore dressing, 282
Influence on German mining, 283
"Knockers," 217
Mining terms, 77; 101; 267; 282
Royal Geol. Soc. Transactions, 84
_Coticula_ (_see_ Touchstone).
_Counterfeht_ (_see_ Zinc).
Crane.
For cupellation furnaces, =476-477=
For lead cakes, =500=
For liquation cakes, =514=
Cremnitz.
Age of mines, =5=
Width of veins, =52=
Crinoid Stems, 115
Croppings, =37=; 37
Crosscuts, =106=
Crowbars, =152=
Crucible.
Assay, =228=; =230=; =241=; =245=; 221
Of blast furnaces, =376=; =377=
_Crudaria_, 65
Crushing Mills (_see_ Stamp-mill _and_ Mills).
Crushing Ore, =231=; =279-287=; 279
Crystal (_Crystallum_), 114
Cumberland.
Early report on ores of, 267
Roman lead furnaces, 392
Cup-Bearer.
Right to a meer, =81=
Cupellation, =464-483=; 465-466
Buildings and furnaces, =464-472=; 492
Brightening of the silver, =241=, =475=
In assaying, =240=
In "tests," =483=
Latin and German terms, 221; 492
Litharge, =475=
Cupels, =228-230=; 221; 466
Drying of, =240=
Moulds, =231=
Cupric Oxide, 221
Cuprite, 109; 402
_Cyanus_ (_see also_ Azurite), 110
Cyprus.
Ancient copper smelting, 402
_Dach_, 127
_Dactylos_, 617; 78
Dangers to Miners, =214-218=
_Darrlinge_, 492
_Darrofen_, 492
_Darrsoehle_, 492
Dawling, of a Vein, 101
Dead Sea.
Bitumen in, =33=
Decemviral College, =96=
_Decumanus_ (_see_ Tithe Gatherer).
_Demensum_ (_see_ Measure).
Demons (_see also_ Gnomes), =217=; 217
Derbyshire (_see also_ High Peak).
Early ore washing, 281
Introduction jigging sieve, 283
Mining law, 77; 84-85
Descent into Mines, =212=
Devon.
Mining law, 85
Dilleugher, 267
Dioptra, 129
_Diphrygum_, 404
Dip of Veins, =65-75=
Dippas, 101
Dippers, =157=
Of pumps, =172=
_Discretores_ (_see_ Sorters).
Distillation, 441
For making nitric acid, =441=
Of amalgam, =244=
Of quicksilver, =426-432=
_Distributor_, 78
Divining Rod, =38-40=; 38; 40
Divisions of the Compass, =56=; =57=
Drainage of Mines, =121=; =171-198=
With buckets, =171=
With chain pumps, =172=
With rag and chain pumps, =188=
With suction pumps, =172=
With water bags, =198=
Drawing.
Knowledge necessary for miners, =4=
Drifts, =104=; =105=; 101
Timbering of, =125=
Drusy Veins, =107=; 107
"Drying" Liquation Residues (_see also_ Liquation), =527-529=; 491; 492
Furnaces for, =521=; =526=; 492
Silver extracted by, =529=
Slags from, 523
Dumps, Working of, =30=
Dust Chambers, =394=; =416=; 354
Dutins, (Timbers), 101
Dynamite, 119
"Earths."
Agricola's view of, 1; 46; 48
Extraordinary, =115=
Peripatetic view of, 46; 47
Egyptians.
Alluvial mining, 330
Antimony, 428
Bronze, 402; 411
Copper smelting, 402
Crushing and concentration, 279
Furnaces, 355
Glass making, 586
Gold mining, 399
Iron, 421
Maps, 129
Mining law, 83
Silver and lead metallurgy, 390
Tin, 411; 412
Egyptian Screw (_see_ Archimedes, Screw of).
Eifel.
Spalling ore, =272=
_Eisenertz_ (_see_ Ironstone).
_Eisenglantz_ (_see_ Ironstone).
Eisleben.
Heap roasting, =279=; 274
_Electrum_, 458; 2; 35
Elements, Peripatetic Theory of, 44
Emery, 115
Erbisdorff.
Tin strakes, =304=
_Excoctores_ (_see_ Smelters).
Exhalations.
From veins, =38=; =44=
Exhausted Liquation Cakes (_see_ Liquation Cakes, Exhausted).
Fans, Ventilation, =203-207=
Fathom, 616; =77=; 78
_Federwis_, (_see also_ Asbestos), 114; 274
Feldspar, 114
_Ferrugo_ (_see_ Iron-rust).
_Ferrum purum_ (_see_ Native Iron).
_Fibrae_ (_see_ Stringers).
Fineness, Scales of, 253; 617
Fire-setting, =118-120=; 118-119
Firstum Mines (_see_ Fuerst).
Fissure Vein (_see_ _Vena profunda_).
Flame.
Determination of metal by, =235=
Determination of required flux by, =235=
Flint, as a Flux, 380
Float, from Veins, =37=
Flookan, 101
Flue-dust, =394-396=
_Fluores_ (_see_ Fluorspar).
Fluorspar, 115; 380; 381
Indication of ore, =116=
_Fluesse_ (_see_ Fluorspar).
Fluxes (_see also_ Argol, Saltpetre, Limestone, Stones which easily
melt, _etc._), =232-239=; 232; 237; 380; 221
Basic, 237
De-sulphurizing, =236=; 237
For smelting, =379=; =380=; =386=; =390=
Reducing, =236=; 237
Stock fluxes for assaying, =236=
Sulphurizing, =236=; 237
Footwall, =68=; =117=
Forehearth, =356=; =375-378=; =386=; 355
For tin furnaces, =411=; =413=
Foreman (_see_ Mining Foreman).
Forest-Fires, =36=; 36
Forest of Dean, 84
Forest of Mendip, 84
_Formae_, 101
_Fossa latens_ (_see also_ Drifts), 101
_Fossa latens transversa_ (_see also_ Crosscuts), 101
_Fossores_ (_see_ Miners).
Founders' Hoards, 355; 402
Fractional Meers, =80=
France.
Mediaeval mining law, 84
Free Mining Cities, 84
Freiberg, =XXXI.=
Age of the mines, =5=
Bergmeister, =95=
Division of shares, =81=; =90=; =91=
First discovery of veins, =35=; 36
Flooding of mines, =218=
Method of cupellation, =482=
Fullers' Earth, 115
Fumes.
From heated ore, =235=
Poisonous, =215-216=
_Fundamentum_ (_see also_ Footwall), 101
_Fundgrube_ (_see also_ Meer), 77
Furnaces, =374-378=; =386=; =388=; 355; 492
Assaying (_see_ Assay Furnaces).
Bismuth smelting, =433-437=
Burning tin concentrates, =349=
Cementation, =455=
Copper smelting, =401-408=
Cupellation, =467-468=; =482-483=
"Drying" liquated copper, =522-526=
Enriching copper bottoms, =510=
Gold and silver ores, =382-384=
Heating copper cakes, =503=
Iron smelting, =420-421=; 420
Latin and German terms, 220
Lead ores, =408-410=
Liquation of silver, =515=
Melting lead cakes, =498=
Nitric acid making, =441=
Parting precious metals with antimony, =452-453=
Quicksilver distillation, =426-432=
Refining copper, =531-533=
Refining silver, =483=; =489=
Refining tin, =418=
Roasting, =276-277=
Smelting liquation slags, =507=
Tin smelting, =411-413=; =419=
Furnace Accretions, 113; 221; 492
Removal of, =376=
Furnace Hoods, =494=
Fuerst.
Mines of, =24=; 24
_Gaarherd_ (_see_ Refining-hearth).
_Gaarmachen_ (_see_ Copper Refining).
Gad, 150
Galena, 51; 109; 110; 221
Bismuth distinguished from, 3
Smelting of, =400-401=
Gangue Minerals, 48
Garlic.
Magnet weakened by, =39=
Garnets, =334=
Gases (_see also_ Fumes)
From fire-setting, =120=
_Gedigen eisen, silber_, etc. (_see_ Native Iron, Silver, etc.).
_Gel atrament_ (_see_ _Misy_).
Gems, =115=; 1
Geology.
Agricola's views, 595
Germans.
English mining influenced by, 283
Mining men imported into England, 282
Ore-dressing methods, 281-282
_Geschwornen_ (in Saxon mines), 77
Geyer, =XXXI=; =42=; VI.
Shafts, 102
Tin-strakes, =304=
Gilding, 460
Removal from objects, =460=; =464=
Gips (_see_ Gypsum).
Gittelde.
Smelting of lead ore, =391=
_Glantz_ (_see_ Galena).
_Glasertz_ (_see_ Silver Glance).
_Glaskoepfe_ (_see_ Ironstone).
Glass, =584-592=
Blowing, =592=
Furnaces, =586-590=
From sand, 380
Glass-galls, 235; 221
As a flux, =235=; =238=; =243=; =246=
Use in parting gold from copper, =464=
Use in smelting gold concentrates, =397=; =398=
_Glette_ (_see_ Litharge).
_Glimmer_ (_see_ Mica).
Gnomes.
In mines, =217=; 112; 214; 217
Goblins (_see_ Gnomes).
God's Gift Mine (_see_ Gottsgaab Mine).
Gold (_see also_ Gold Ores, Parting, Smelting, Stamp-Mill, _etc._).
Alluvial mining, =321-336=; 330
Alluvial streams, =75=
Amalgamation, 297
Gold-dust, =396=
Historical notes, 399; 354
Indications of, =108=; =116=
Lust for, not the fault of the metal, =16=
Minerals, 108
Minerals associated with, =108-109=
Smelting of ores, =381-382=; =386=; =388=; =390=; =396=
Wickedness caused by, =9-10=
Gold Concentrates, =396-399=; 398
Golden Fleece, =330=; 330
Gold Ores, =107-108=
Amalgamation, =295-299=; 297
Assay by amalgamation, =243-244=
Assay by fire, =242-243=
Flux used in assaying, =235=
Flux used in smelting, =398=
Smelting in blast furnace, =398-400=
Smelting cupriferous ores, =404-407=
Smelting in lead bath, =399=
Smelting pyritiferous ore, =398-401=
Stamp-milling, =321=
_Goldstein_ (_see_ Touchstone).
Goslar, =5=; =37=; 37
Lead smelting, =408=
Native zinc vitriol, 572
Roasting ores, =274=; 274
Spalling hard ore, =271=
Goslarite, 113; 572
Gottsgaab Mine, VI; VII; =74=; 74
Gounce, 267
Grand Canal of China, 129
Granulation Methods for Bullion, =444=
Granulation of Copper, =250=
Greeks.
Antimony, 428
Brass making, 410
Copper smelting, 403
Iron and steel making, 421
Metallurgy from Egypt, 402
Mining law, 83
Ore dressing, 281
Quicksilver, 432
Silver-lead smelting, 391
Smelting appliances, 355
Grey Antimony (_see also_ _Stibium_), 110; 221; 428
Griffins, 331
Groom of the Chamber.
Right to a meer, =81=
Groove (_see also_ Shafts), 101
Ground Sluices, =336-337=
Ground Waters, 46-48
_Gruenspan_ (_see_ Verdigris).
_Gulden_, 92; 419
Gunpowder.
First use for blasting in mines, 119
Invention of, 562
Gypsum, 114
Hade, 101
_Haematites_ (_see_ Ironstone).
_Halinitrum_ (_see_ Saltpetre).
Halle, Salt Industry, =552=
Hammers, =151=
With water power, =423=
Hangingwall, =68=; =117=
Harz Miners.
Agricola consulted, VII.
Antimony sulphide, 428
First mining charter, 84
First stamp-mill, 282
Pumps, =194=
Hauling Appliances (_see also_ Whims _and_ Windlasses), =160-168=; 149
Heap Roasting, =274-276=
Hearth-lead (_see also_ _Molybdaena_), =475=; 476; 110; 221
As a flux, =232=
Use in smelting, =379=; =398=; =400=
Hearths.
For bismuth smelting, =433-437=
For melting lead, =390=; =498=
Heavenly Host Mine (_see_ _Himmelisch Hoez_ Mine).
Heavy Spar, 115
Hebrews.
Knowledge of antimony, 428
Silver-lead smelting, 391
Term for tin, 412
Hematite, 111
Hemicycle (_Hemicyclium_), =137-138=
_Heraclion_ (_see_ Lodestone).
_Herdplei_ (_see_ Hearth-Lead).
Hiero, King, =247=; 247
High Peak (Derbyshire).
Mining law, 84
Nomenclature in mines, 77
Saxon customs, connection with, 77; 85
_Himmelisch Hoez_ mine, =74=; =92=; 75
Hoe, =152=
Holidays of Miners, =99=
Horn Silver, 109
Horns of Deer, =230=
Hornstone, =116=; 114
Hungary.
Cupellation, =483=
_Huettenrauch_ (_see_ _Pompholyx_).
Iglau, Charter of, 84
Incense in Cupellation Furnaces, =472=
Indications of Ore, =106=; =107=; =116=
_Ingestores_ (_see_ Shovellers).
India.
Steel, 423
Zinc, 409
_Intervenium_, =51=; =50=
Investment in Mines, =26-29=
Iron, 420; 354; 111
Cast, 420
Censure of, =11=
Indications of, =116=
Malleable, 420
Smelting, =420-426=
Sulphur harmful to, =273=
Iron Age, 420
Iron Filings (_see also_ Iron-Scales), 221
Use in assaying, =234=; =238=; =246=
Iron Ore.
Assaying of, =247=
Smelting of, =420-426=
Iron-rust, =116=; =474=; 1; 111
Iron-scales, 221
Flux, =234=
Use in smelting gold, =398=
Use in smelting silver, =400=
Use in making nitric acid, =440=
Use in parting gold from copper, =464=
Iron-slag, 221
As a flux, =234=; =235=
Ironstone, =390=; 111
Italians.
Alluvial mining in Germany, =334=
Italy.
Mining formerly forbidden, =8=
Jade, 114
Japan.
Steel, 423
Jasper, 111; 2
_Jaspis_, 114
Jet, 34
Jigging Sieve, =310=; 267; 283
Joachimsthal, VI.
First stamp-mill, 281
Mining shares and profits, =91=; =92=
_Juedenstein_ (_see_ _Lapis Judaicus_).
Juices, 1; 47
Agricola's theory, 46; 52
From springs and streams, =33=
Stone juice, 46; 49
Tastes of, =34=
Juices, Solidified.
Agricola's view of, 1; 49
Extraction of metals from, =350=
Preparation of, =545=
Julian Alps.
Stamp-milling in, =319=
Junctions (_see_ Veins, Intersections of).
_Jurati_ (_see_ Jurors).
Jurors, =22=; =92=; =96=; 78
In English mining custom, 85
Relations to Bergmeister, =95=; 77
Justinian Code.
Mines, 84
_Kalchstein_ (_see_ Limestone).
_Kammschale_, 127
Kaolinite (_see_ Porcelain Clay).
_Katzensilber_ (_see_ Mica).
King.
Deputy, =94=
Right to a meer, =81=
_Kinstock_ (_see_ Liquation Cakes, Exhausted).
_Kis_ (_see_ Pyrites).
Knockers (_see_ Gnomes).
_Kobelt_ (_see_ Cobalt).
Koelergang Vein, =42=
Koenigsberg.
Fire-setting, 119
_Kupferglas ertz_ (_see_ Copper Glance).
_Kupferschiefer_ (_see_ Copper Schists).
Kuttenberg.
Depths of shafts, 102
Labour Condition in Mining Title, =92=; 83-85
Lacedaemonians (_see_ Spartans).
_Lachter_ (_see_ Fathom).
Ladderways in Shafts, =124=; =212=
Ladle for Bullion, =382=
_Lapis aerarius_ (_see_ Copper Ore).
_Lapis alabandicus_, 380
_Lapis Judaicus_, =115=; 115
_Lapis specularis_ (_see_ Gypsum).
Laths (Lagging), 101
La Tolfa.
Alum manufacture, 565
Discovery of, 570
Laurion (Laurium), Mt. (_see_ Mt. Laurion, Mines of).
Lautental, Liquation at, 491
Law (_see_ Mining Law).
Law-suits over Shares in Mines, =94=
Lead, 354; 390; 110
Censure of, =11=
Cupellation, =464-483=
Melting prior to liquation, =500=
In liquation cakes, =505-506=; 505; 506
Refining silver, =483-490=
Smelting of ores, =388-392=; =400=
Use in assaying, =232=; =239=; =242=; =244=; =249=; =251=
Washing in sluices, =347=
Lead-ash, =237=; 237; 221
As a flux, =234=
Use in parting gold from copper, =463=
Lead Bath, =381=
Lead-glass, 236
Lead Granules, =239=; =463=; 221
Leading (in liquation), =304=; =507=; =513=; 491; 492; 504
Components of the charge, =505-509=
Lead Ochre, 232; 110; 221
Lead Ore.
Assay methods, =245-246=
Roasting, =275=
Smelting in blast furnace, =390=; =408=
Lease, in Australian Title, 77
Leaves, Preparation of Bullion into, =444=
Leberthal, 24
Lees of _aqua_ which separates Gold from Silver, 234; 443; 221
As a flux, =234=; =238=
Lees of Vinegar (_see also_ Argol), 221
As a flux, =234=; =236=; =243=; 234
Lees of Wine (_see_ Argol).
Lemnos, Island of, =31=
Lemnian Earth, 31
Leprosy of House Walls (_see_ Saltpetre).
Level (_see also_ Drift), 101
Level, Plummet (_see_ Plummet Level).
Limestone, 114; 221
As a flux, =236=; =390=
Limonite, 111
Limp, 267
Linares.
Hannibal's mines near, 42
Lipari Islands.
Alum from, 566
Liquated Silver-lead (_see_ _Stannum_ _and_ Silver-lead).
Liquation, =519-521=; 491; 519
Ash-coloured copper from, =529=
Buildings for, 491
Furnace, =515-518=; 492
Historical note on, 494
Losses, 491; 539
Nomenclature, 492
Liquation Cakes, =505-509=; 492; 505; 506
Enrichment of the lead, =512=; 512
Extraction of silver from, 512
From bye-products of liquation, =539-540=
From copper bottoms, =512=; 512
Proportion of lead in rich silver copper, =509=
Liquation Cakes, Exhausted, =521-526=; =406=; 492; 520
Liquation Slags, 509; 492; 541
Furnaces for, =507=
Treatment of, =541=
Liquation Thorns, =522=; =539=; 492; 539; 540
From cupellation, =543=; 543
From "drying" copper residues, =529=
Litharge (_see also_ Cupellation), =475=; =232-238=; 466; 476; 110; 222
Use in reducing silver nitrate, =447=
Use in smelting, =379=; =398=; =400=
_Lithargyrum_ (_see_ Litharge).
Lodestone, =115=; 111; 115; 2
Compass, 57
_Los Pozos de Anibal_, 42
_Lotores_ (_see_ Washers).
Lusitania.
Gold alluvial, =347=
Sluices for gold washing, =325=
Tin smelting, =419=
Lute, 1
Preparation of for furnace linings, =375-376=
Lydia.
Mining law, 83
The King's mines, 27
Lye, =558=; 221; 233
Use in making fluxes, =236=
Use in parting, =463=
_Magister Metallicorum_ (_see_ Bergmeister).
_Magister Monetariorum_ (_see_ Master of the Mint).
_Magnes_ (_see also_ Lodestone _and_ Manganese), =585=; 111; 115; 585
Magnet, =247=
Garlic, =39=
_Magnetis_ (_see_ Mica).
Magnetite, 111
Malachite, 109; 221
Maladies of Miners, =214-217=
Maltha, 581
Manager (_see_ Mine Manager).
Manganese, 586; 354
Mannsfeld Copper Slates, =126-127=; =279=; 127; 273
Map-making, 129
Marble, =115=; 2; 114
Marcasite, 111; 112; 409
_Marga_ (_see_ Marl).
Marienberg, =XXXI=; VI.
Marl, 114
Marmelstein (_see_ Marble).
_Marmor_ (_see_ Marble).
_Marmor alabastrites_ (_see_ Alabaster).
_Marmor glarea_, 114
Massicot (_see also_ Lead Ochre), 110; 221; 232
Master of the Horse, =81=
Master of the Mint, =95=; 78
Matte (_see_ Cakes of Melted Pyrites).
Matte Smelting, =404-407=
Measure (unit of mining area), =78=; 78
Measures, 616-617; 78; 550
Medicine.
Knowledge necessary for miners, =3=
_Medulla saxorum_ (_see_ Porcelain Clay).
Meer, =77-89=
Boundary stones, =87=
On _vena cumulata_, =87=
On _vena dilatata_, =86=
Meissen.
Dumps from mines, =312=
_Melanteria_, =117=; 112; 573
Indication of copper, =116=
Melanterite, 111
Melos, Island of, 566
_Menning_ (_see_ Red-lead).
_Mergel_ (_see_ Marl).
Metals, 2; 44; 51
Advantages and uses, =19=; =20=
Necessity to man, =XXV=; =12-13=
Not responsible for evil passions, =15=
_Metreta_, 153
Mexico.
Patio process, 297
Mica, 114
Middle Ages, Mining Law of, 84
Mills for Grinding Ore, =294-299=; 280
Mimes (_see also_ Gnomes), 217
Mine Captain, =26=; 77
Mine Manager, =97=; =98=; 77; 78
Mineral Kingdom, Agricola's Divisions of, 1
Minerals, 594; 108; 48; 51
Compound, 2; 51
Mixed, 2; 51
Miners, =1-4=; =25=; 78
Duties and punishments, =100=; =22=
Law (_see_ Mining Law).
Litigation among, =21=
Slaves as, =23=
Mines.
Abandonment of, =217=
Conditions desirable, =30-33=
Investments in, =26-29=
Management of, =25=; =26=
Names of, =42=
Mines Royal, Company of, 283
Mining (_see also_ Sett, Lease, Claim, Meer, _etc._).
Criticisms of, =4-12=
Harmless and honourable, =14=; =20=; =23=
Methods of breaking ore, =117-118=
Stoping, =125=
Mining Clerk, =93=; =95=; =96=; 78
Mining Companies (_see_ Companies, Mining).
Mining Foreman, =98-99=; 78
Frauds by, =21-22=
Mining Law, 82-86
Boundary stones, =87=
Drainage requirements, =92-93=
England, 84-86
Europe, 84
Forfeiture of title, =92-93=
France, 84
Greek and Roman, 83
Middle Ages, 84-85
Right of Overlord, Landowner, State and Miner, 82
Tunnels, =88-89=
Mining Prefect, =26=; =94=; 78
Mining Rights (_see_ Mining Law _and_ Meer).
Mining Terms, Old English, 77; 101
Mining Tools, =149-153=
Buckets for ore, =153-154=
Buckets for water, =157=
Trucks, =156=
Wheelbarrows, =155=
_Minium_, 111
Quicksilver from, 433
Red-lead, 232
_Minium secundarium_ (_see_ Red-lead).
Mispickel (_Mistpuckel_), 111
_Misy_ (the mineral), 573; 111; 403
An indication of copper, =116=
Use in parting gold and silver, 459
_Mitlere und obere offenbrueche_ (_see_ Furnace Accretions).
_Modius_, 617; 405
Moglitz.
Tin working, =318=
Moil, 150
_Molybdaena_, 110; 221; 476; 400; 408
Term for lead carbonates, 400; 408
Molybdenite, 477
_Monetarius_ (_see_ Coiners).
Money, Assaying of, =251-252=
Morano Glass Factories, =592=
Moravia.
Cupellation, =483=
Stamp-milling, =321=
Washing gold ore, =324=
Mordants, 569
Mortar-box, =279-280=; =312=; =319=; 267
Mountains.
Formation of, =595=
Mt. Bermius.
Gold Mines of, =26=; 27
Mt. Laurion, Mines of, =27=; 27-29; 391
Crushing and concentration of ores, 281
Cupellation, 465
Mining law, 83
Smelting appliances, 355
Xenophon on, =6=
Mt. Sinai.
Ancient copper smelting, 355; 402
Muffle Furnaces, =224-228=; =239=
Muffles, =227=; =239=; 222
Refining silver, =489-490=
Muehlberg, Battle of, X.
_Murrhina_ (_see_ Chalcedony).
Muskets, =11=
Mycenae.
Copper, 402
Silver-lead smelting, 391
Names of Mines, =42=
Naphtha, 581
Native Copper, 109
Native Iron, 111
Native Minerals, =107=
Native Silver, =269=; 109
Natron (_see_ _Nitrum_).
Neolithic Furnaces, 355
Neusohl, Method of Screening Ore, =290=
Newbottle Abbey, 35
Nitocris, Bridge of, 391
Nitric Acid (_see also_ _Aqua valens_), =439-443=; 460; 439; 354
Assay parting gold and silver, =248=
Testing silver regulus with, =449=
Use in cleaning gold dust, =396=
_Nitrum_ (_see also_ Soda), 558; 110
Nomenclature, I; 267
Mining law, 77; 78
Mining officials, 77; 78
_Norici_, 388
Conveyance of ore, =169=
Normans.
Mining Law in England, 85
Notary, =94=; 78
Nubia.
Early gold-mining, 399
Nuremberg, Scale of Weights, =263=
_Obolus_, 25
_Ochra nativa_, 111
Ochre Yellow, 111
_Offenbrueche_ (_see_ Furnace Accretions).
Olynthus.
Betrayal to Philip of Macedon, =9=
Operculum, =441=; 222
Orbis, =141=; 137
Ore (_see various metals_, Assaying, Mining, _etc._).
Ore Channels (_see_ Canales).
Ore Deposits, Theory of, XIII; 43-53
Ore Dressing, =267-351=
Burning, =273=
Hand spalling, =271-272=
Sorting, =268-271=
_Orguia_, =78=; 78; 617
_Orichalcum_ (_see_ _Aurichalcum_).
Orpiment, 111; 1; 222
Colour of fumes, =235=
Harmful to metals, =273=
Indication of gold, etc., =116=
Roasted from ore, =273=
Use in assaying, =237=
Outcrops, 68; 43
Ox-blood in Salt Making, =552=
Pactolus, Gold Sands of, 27
Park's Process, 465
Parting Gold from Copper, =462-464=
Parting Gold from Silver, =443-460=; 458-463
Antimony sulphide, =451-452=; 451-452; 461
Cementation, =453-457=; =453-454=; =458=
Chlorine gas, 458; 462
Electrolysis, 458; 462
Nitric acid, =443-447=; 443; 447; 460
Nitric acid (in assaying), =247-249=
Sulphur and copper, =448-451=; 448; 461
Sulphuric acid, 458; 462
Partitions, 493
Passau, Peace of, IX.
_Passus_, 616; 78
Patio Process, 297-298
Pattinson's Process, 465
Peak, The (_see_ High Peak).
_Pentremites_, 115
Pergamum.
Brazen ox of, =11=
Mines near, =26=; 27
Peripatetics, XII.
Theory of ore deposits, =47=; 44
View of wealth, =18=
Persians.
Ancient mining law, 83
_Pes_, 616; 78
Pestles, =231=; =483=
Petroleum, 581-582
Phalaris, Brazen Bull of, =11=
Philosophy.
Knowledge necessary for miners, =3=
Phoenicians.
Copper and bronze, 402
In Thasos, 24
Tin, 411-412
Picks, =152-153=
_Pickschiefer_ (_see_ Ash-coloured Copper).
Placer Mining, =321-348=
_Pleigeel_ (_see_ Lead Ochre).
_Pleiweis_ (_see_ White-lead).
Pleygang Vein, =42=
_Plumbago_, 110
_Plumbum candidum_, 110; 3; 473
_Plumbum cinereum_, 111; 3
_Plumbum nigrum lutei coloris_, 110; 3
Plummet Level.
Standing, =143=; 137
Suspended, =145=; =146=; 137
Pockets in Alluvial Sluices, =322-330=
Poisonous Fumes (_see_ Fumes).
Poland.
Cupellation, =483=
Lead ore washing, =347=
Lead smelting, =392=
_Poletae_, Tablets of the, 83
Poling Copper, =531-538=; 535-536
Pompeiopolis.
Arsenic mine at, 111
_Pompholyx_, 394; 113-114; 403
From copper refinings, =538=
From cupellation, =476=
From dust-chambers, =394=
From roasting ore, =278=
Poisonous, =214=; 215
Used for brass making, 410
Porcelain Clay, 115
Potash, =558-559=; 558; 233; 220
In _Sal artificiosus_, =463=
Pottery, Egyptian, 391
Potosi, 298
Pozos de Anibal, Los, 42
_Pous_, 617; 78
_Praefectus cuniculi_, 78
_Praefectus fodinae_ (_see_ Mine Manager).
_Praefectus metallorum_ (_see_ Mining Prefect).
_Praeses cuniculi_, 78
_Praeses fodinae_ (_see_ Mining Foreman).
Precious and Base Metals, 439
Primgap, 80
_Procurator metallorum_, 83
Prospecting, =35=
Proustite, 108
Pumps, =171-200=; 149
Chain, =171-175=
Rag and chain, =188-200=
Suction, =175-188=
_Purgator argenti_ (_see_ Silver Refiner).
Purser, 77
Puteoli, =501=
Pyrargyrite, 108
_Pyriten argentum_, 408
Pyrites (_see also_ Cakes of Melted Pyrites), 51; 111; 112; 1
As a flux, =234=
Assay for gold, =243=
In tin concentrates, =348=
Latin and German terms, 222
Roasting, =273-274=
Roasting cakes of, =349-351=
Smelting for gold and silver, =399=; =401=
Used in making vitriol, 578
_Pyrites aerosus_ (_see_ Copper Pyrites).
_Pyrites aurei coloris_ (_see_ Copper Pyrites).
Quartz (_see also_ Stones which easily melt), 114
As a flux, 380
An indication of ore, =116=
Material of glass, 380
Silver ore, =113=
Smelting of, =401=
_Quarzum_ (_see_ Quartz).
Quertze, 380
Quicksilver, 432; 2; 354; 110
Amalgamation of gilt objects, =461=
Amalgamation of gold dust, =396=
Amalgamation of gold ores, =297=; 297
Assaying methods, =247=
Ore, 426-432
Use in assaying gold ore, =243=
Rag and Chain Pumps, =188-200=
Rake Veins, 101
Rammelsberg.
Collapse of mines, =216=
Discovery, 37
Early vitriol making, 572
_Rauchstein_, 127
Realgar, 1; 111; 222
Colour of fumes, =235=
Harmful to metals, =273=
Indication of ore, =116=
Roasted from ore, =273=
_Rederstein_ (_see_ _Trochitis_).
Red-lead, 232; 110; 222
Use in parting gold from copper, =463=
Use in parting gold from silver, =459=
Refined Salt, =454=; =463=; 233
Refinery for Silver and Copper, =491-498=
Refining Gold from Copper, =462-464=
Refining Gold from Silver, =443-458=
Refining-hearth, 492
Refining Silver, =483-490=; 465; 484
Refining Silver from Lead, =464=
Reformation, The, V; VIII.
Re-opening of Old Mines, =217=
Revival of Learning.
Agricola's position in, XIII.
Reward Lease, in Australian Law, 77
Rhaetia, 388
Rhaetian Alps.
Stamp milling in, =319=
Ring-fire, =448=
Rio Tinto Mines.
Roman methods of smelting, 405
Roman water-wheels, 149
Risks of Mining, =28-29=
Rither (a horse), 101
Roasted Copper, =233=; 233; 222
Roasting, =273-279=; 267
Heap roasting, =274-275=
In furnaces, =276=
Mattes, =349-351=
Prior to assaying, =231=
Rocks, =119=; 2
Rock-salt, =548=; 222
Use in cementation, =454=
Roman Alum, 565
Romans.
Amalgamation, 297
Antimony, 428
Brass making, 410
Companies, 90
Copper smelting, 404-405
Mining law, 83
Minium Company, 232
Quicksilver, 433
Roasting, 267
Silver-lead smelting, 392
Washing of ore, 281
Rosette Copper, =538=; 535
_Rosgeel_ (_see_ Realgar).
Ruby Copper, 109; 402
Ruby Silver, 51; 108
Assaying of, =244=
Cupellation, =473=
_Rudis_ Ores, 108
Rust (_see_ Iron-rust).
Sabines, =9=
_Saigerdoerner_ (_see_ Liquation Thorns).
_Saigerwerk_ (_see_ _Stannum_).
_Salamander har_ (_see_ Asbestos).
Salamis, Battle of, 27
Sal-ammoniac, =560=; 560; 222
In cements for parting gold and silver, =454-457=
In making _aqua valens_, =441=
Uses in cupellation, =474=
Uses in making _aqua regia_, 460
Uses in parting gold from copper, =463=
_Sal artificiosus_, =236=; =463=; 236
In assaying, =242=
As a flux, =234=
Salt, =545=; =556=; 546; 233; 222
As a flux, =234-238=
Pans, =545=; =546=
Solidified juice, 1
Use in cementation, =454=; 454
Use in parting gold from copper, =463=; =464=
Use in smelting ores, =396=; =400=
Wells, =546-547=
Salt made from Ashes of Musk Ivy, 560; 233
_Sal torrefactus_, =242=; 222; 233
_Sal tostus_, =233=; 233; 222
Saltpetre, =561-564=; 561; 562; 222
As a flux, =233=; =236-238=; =245=; =247=
In smelting gold concentrates, =398=
Uses in cementation, =454=; 454
Uses in making nitric acid, =439=; =440=; =447=; =454=
Uses in melting silver nitrate, =447=
Sampling Copper Bullion, =249=
Sand, =117=
_Sandaraca_ (_see_ Realgar).
Sandiver (_see_ Glass-galls).
_Sarda_ (_see_ Carnelian).
Saxony.
High Peak customs from, 77; 85
Political state in Agricola's time, VIII; IX.
Reformation, IX.
_Saxum calcis_ (_see_ Limestone).
Scales of Fineness, 253; 617
Scapte-Hyle, Mines of, 23
Schemnitz.
Age of mines, =5=
Gunpowder for blasting, 119
Pumps, =194=
Schist, 222
_Schistos_ (_see_ Ironstone).
Schlackenwald.
Ore washing, =304=
Schmalkalden League, IX.
Schmalkalden War, IX; X.
Schneeberg, =XXXI=; VI.
Cobalt, =435=
Depth of shafts, 102
Ore stamping, 281
Shares, =91=
St. George mine, =91=; 74; 75
_Schwartz-atrament_ (_see_ _Melanteria_ _and_ _Sory_).
Scorification Assay, =239=
Scorifier, =228=; =230=; 222
Assays in, =238=; =239=
Screening Ore (_see_ Sifting Ore).
Screens (_see also_ Screening), 267
In stamp-mill, =315=
_Scriba fodinarum_ (_see_ Mining Clerk).
_Scriba magistri metallicorum_ (_see_ Bergmeister's Clerk).
_Scriba partium_ (_see_ Share Clerk).
Scum of Lead from Cupellation, =475=
Scythians.
Wealth condemned, =9=; =15=
Seams in the Rocks, =72=; 43; 47
Indications of ore, =67=; =107=
Sea-Water, Salt from, =545-546=
_Sesterce_, 448
Sett, 77
Settling Pits, =316=; 267
Shaft-houses, =102=
Shafts, =102-107=; =122-124=
Surveys of, =129-135=
_Venae cumulatae_, =128=
Shakes, 101
Share Clerk, =97=; =93=; 78
Share in Mines (_see_ Companies, Mining).
Shears for Cutting Native Silver, =269=
Shift, =99=; 92
Shoes (stamp), =285-286=; 267
Shovellers, =153=; =169=; 78
_Sideritis_ (_see_ Lodestone).
_Siegelstein_ (_see_ Lodestone).
Sieves.
For charcoal, =375=
For crushed ore, =287-293=; =341=
Sifting Ore, =287-293=
_Signator publicus_ (_see_ Notary).
_Silberweis_ (_see_ Mica).
_Silex_, 114; 118
Silver (_see also_ Assaying, Liquation, Parting, Refining,
_etc._), 390; 354; 108
Amalgamation, 297; 300
Assaying, =248-251=
Cupellation, =464-483=; =241=
"Drying" copper residues from liquation, 529
Enrichment in copper bottoms, =510=; 510
Exhausted liquation cakes, 524
Indicated by bismuth, etc., =116=
Liquation, =505-507=; 506; 509; 512
Parting from gold (_see_ Parting Gold and Silver).
Parting from iron, =544=; 544
Precipitation from solution in copper bowl, =444=
Refining, =483-490=; 465; 484
Smelting of ores, =381-382=; =386=; =388=; =390=; =400=; =402=
Use in clarification of nitric acid, =443=; 443
Silver, Ruby (_see_ Ruby Silver).
Silver Glance, 108
Assaying, =244=
Cupellation, =473=
Dressing, =269=
Silver-Lead Alloy (_see_ _Stannum_, _etc._).
Silver Ores, =108=; 108
Assaying, =242-244=
Assaying cupriferous ores, =245=
Fluxes required in assaying, =235=
Smelting cupriferous ores, =404-407=
Silver-Plating, 460
Silver Refiner, =95=; 78
Silver Refining (_see_ Refining).
Silver Veins, =117=
Singing by Miners, =118=
Sintering Concentrates, =401=
Slags (_see also_ Liquation Slags), 222
From blast furnace, =379=; =381=
From liquation, 491; 492; 523
Slaves as Miners, =23=; 83
In Greek mines, =25=; 25; 28
Slough (tunnel), 101
Sluices, =319=; =322-348=
Smallite, 113
Smalt, 112
_Smega_, 404
Smelters, 78
Smelting (_see also various metals_), =379-390=; 353-355
Assaying compared, =220=
Building for, =355-361=
Objects of, =353=
_Smirgel_ (_see_ Emery).
_Smiris_ (_see_ Emery).
Smyrna.
Mines near, 27
Snake-Bites, 31
Soda (_see also_ _Nitrum_), =558=; =559=; 233; 222
As a flux, =233=; =234=
Historical notes, 558; 354
Solidified juice, 1
Sole, 101
Solidified Juices (_see_ Juices, Solidified).
_Solifuga_, =216=; 216
Sorters, 78
Sorting Ore, =268-271=
_Sory_, 112; 403; 573
Sows, =376=; =386=; 376
Spain (_see also_ Lusitania).
Ancient silver-lead mines, 149; 392
Ancient silver mines of Carthage, =27=
Ancient tin mines, 411-412
Spalling Ore, =271-272=
_Spangen_ (_see_ _Trochitis_).
_Spanschgruen_ (_see_ Verdigris).
Spartans.
Gold and silver forbidden, =9=; =15=
Interference with Athenian mines, 27
Spat (_see_ Heavy Spar).
Spelter, 409
Sphalerite, 113
_Spiauter_, 409
_Spiesglas_ (_see_ _Stibium_).
Spines of Fishes for Cupels, =230=
_Spodos_, =538=; 394; 113; 114
_Spuma argenti_ (_see_ Litharge).
Staffordshire.
First pumping engine, 149
Stalagmites, 114
Stall Roasting, =350-351=
Stamp, 267
For breaking copper cakes, =501-503=
For crushing crucible lining, =373-375=
Stamping Refined Silver, =489=
Stamp-mill, =279-287=; 281-282; 267
Wet ore, =312-314=; =319-321=
Standing Plummet Level (_see_ Plummet Level).
Stannaries, 85
_Stannum_, 473; 2; 384; 492
Steel, =423-426=; 422-423; 354
_Steiger_, 77
_Steinmarck_ (_see_ Porcelain Clay).
Stemple (stull), 101
Stephanite, 109
Sternen Mine, =92=; 75
Steward (of High Peak mines), 77
St. George Mine (Schneeberg), =91=; 74; 75
_Stibium_ (_see also_ Antimony _and_ Antimony Sulphide), 110; 428; 2; 221
Flux to be added to, =235=
In assaying, =237-239=
In cementation, =458-460=
Indication of silver, =116=
In making nitric acid, =440=
In parting gold and silver, =451-452=; =459=
In parting gold from copper, =464=
In treatment of gold concentrates, =396=; =397=
Stibnite, 428; 451
St. Lorentz Mine, =74=; =92=
Stockwerke (_see_ _Vena cumulata_).
Stoics.
Views on wealth, =18=
_Stomoma_, =423=
Stone Juice, 46; 49
Stones.
Agricola's view of, 2; 46; 49
Various orders of fusibility, =380=
"Stones which Easily Melt" (_see also_ Quartz), 380; 222
As a flux, =233=; =236=; 233
In making nitric acid, =440=
In smelting, =379=; =380=; =390=
Smelting of, =401=
Stool (of a drift), 101
Stope, =126=
Stoping, =125=
_Venae cumulatae_, =128=
_Venae dilatatae_, =126=; =127=
Strake, =303-310=; 267; 282
Canvas, =307-310=; =314=; =316=; 267
Egyptians, 280
Greeks, 281
Short, =306-307=; 267
Washing tin concentrates, =341-343=
Strata, =126=
Streaming, =316-318=
Stringers, =70=; 43; 47; 70
Indication of ore, =106=
Mining method, =128=
Styria, =388=
Subterranean Heat, 46; 595
Suction Pumps, =175-188=
Sulphides, 267; 355
Sulphur, =578-581=; 579; 222
Colour of fumes, =235=
Harmful to metals, =273=
In assaying, =235-238=
In parting gold from copper, =463=; 462
In parting gold from silver, =448-451=; 448; 461
In smelting gold dust, =396=
Roasted from ores, =273=; =276=
Solidified juice, 1
Sulphur "not exposed to the fire," =458=; =463=; 579
Surveyor's Field, =137=; =144=; 142
Surveying, =128-148=; 129
Necessary for miners, =4=
Rod, =137-138=
Suspended Plummet Level (_see_ Plummet Level).
Swiss Compass, =145=; 137
Swiss Surveyors, =145=
_Symposium_, =91=
Tap-hole, =378=; =386=
Tappets, =282=; =319=; 267
Tapping-bar, =381=
Tarshish, Tin Trade, 412
Tartar (Cream of), 220; 234
_Tectum_ (Hangingwall), 101
_Terra sigillata_ (_see_ Lemnian Earth).
"Tests", refining silver in, =483-490=; 465; 484
_Thaler_, 92
Thasos, Mines of, =23=; =95=; 23
_Theamedes_, 115
Theodosian Code.
Mines, 84
Thorns (_see_ Liquation Thorns).
Thuringia.
Roasting pyrites, =276=
Sluices of gold washing, =327=
Tigna (Wall plate), 101
Timbering.
Of ladderways and shafts, =122=; =123=; =124=
Of stopes, =126=
Of tunnels and drifts, =124-125=
Tin, 411-413; 354; 110
Alluvial mining, =336-340=
Assaying ore, =246=
Assaying for silver, =251=
Colour of fumes, =235=
Concentrates, =340-342=; =348-349=
Cornish treatment, 282
Refining, =418-419=
Smelting, =411-420=
Stamp-milling, =312-317=
Streaming, =316-318=
Washing, =298=; =302=; =304=
_Tincar_ or _Tincal_ (_see_ Borax).
Tithe Gatherer, =81=; =95=; =98=; 78
Tithe on Metals, =81=; 82
_Toden Kopff_, 235
_Tofstein_ (_see_ _Tophus_).
Tolfa, La (_see_ La Tolfa).
Tools, =149-153=
_Topfstein_ (_see_ _Tophus_).
_Tophus_, 233; 114; 222
As a flux, =233=; =237=; =390=
Tortures.
With metals, =11=
Without metals, =17=
Touch-needles, =253-260=; 253
Touchstone, =252-253=; 252; 354; 458; 222
Mineral, 114
Uses, =243=; =248=; =447=
Trade-routes.
Salt-deposits influence on, 546
Transport of Ore, =168-169=
Trent, Bishop of.
Charter (1185), 84
Triangles in Surveying, =129-137=
Tripoli, 115
_Trochitis_, =115=; 115
Trolley, =480=; =500=; =514=
Troy.
Lead found in, 391
Troy Weights, 616; 617; 242
Trucks, =156=
Tunnels, =102=; 101
Law, =88-93=
Surveys of, =130-141=
Timbering, =124=
Turin Papyrus, 129; 399
Turn (winze), 101
_Tuteneque_, 409
_Tuttanego_, 409
Tutty, 394
Twitches of the Vein, 101
Twyer, 376
Tye, 267
Type.
_Stibium_ used for, 2; 429
Tyrants.
Inimical to miners, =32=
Tyrolese.
Smelting, =388=; =404=
Ulcers, =214=; 31
_Uncia_ (length), =78=; 616; 78
_Uncia_ (weight), 616; 242
Undercurrents (_see_ Sluices).
United States.
Apex law, 82
_Vectiarii_ (_see_ Windlass Men).
Veins, =43=; =64-69=; =106-107=; 47
Barren, =72=; =107=
Direction of, =54-58=
Drusy, =72=; =73=; =107=
Hardness variable, =117=
Indications, =35-38=
Intersections of, =65=; =66=; =67=; =106=; =107=
_Vena_.
Use of term, 43; 47
_Vena cumulata_, =46=; =49=; =70=; 43; 47
Mining method, =128=
Mining rights, =87=
_Vena dilatata_, =41=; =45=; =53=; =60-61=; 43; 47
Junctions with _vena profunda_, =67=; =68=
Mining method, =126-127=
Mining rights, =83-86=
Washing lead ore from, =347=
_Vena profunda_, =44=; =51=; =60=; =62=; =63=; =68=; =69=; 43; 47
Cross veins, =65=
Functions, =65=; =66=; =67=; =68=
Mining rights, =79-83=
Venetian Glass, 222
Factories, =592=
In assaying, =238=; =245=; =246=
In cupellation, =474=
Venice.
Glass-factories, =592=
Parting with nitric acid, 461
Scale of weights, =263=
Ventilation, =200-212=; =121=
With bellows, =207-210=
With fans, =203-207=
With linen cloths, =210=
With windsails, =200-203=
Verdigris, 440; 1; 110; 222
In cementation, =454=; =457=
Indication of ore, =116=
In making nitric acid, =440=
In parting gold from copper, =464=
Vermilion.
Adulteration with red-lead, 232
Poisonous, =215=
Villacense Lead, =239=; 239
Vinegar.
Use in breaking rocks, =119=; 118
Use in cleansing quicksilver, =426=
Use in roasting matte, =349=
Use in softening ore, =231=
_Virgula divina_ (_see_ Divining Rod).
Vitriol, =571=; 572; 403; 222; 1
In assaying, =237-238=
In cementation, =454=; 454
Indication of copper, =116=
In making nitric acid, =439-440=
In roasted ores, =350=
In _sal artificiosus_, =463=
Native, 111
Native blue, 109
Native white, 113
Red, 274
White, 454
Volcanic Eruptions, 595
Washers, 78
Washing Ore (_see also_ Concentration, Screening Ore, _etc._), =300-310=
Water-Bags, =157-159=; =198=
Water-Buckets, =157-158=
Water-Wheels, =187=; =283=; =286=; =319=
Water-Tank, under Blast Furnaces, =356-357=
Wealth, =7-20=
Wedges, =150=
Weights, =260-264=; 616-617; 242; 253
_Weisser Kis_, 111
_Werckschuh_, 617; 78
Westphalia.
Smelting lead ore, =391=
Spalling ore, =272=
Wheelbarrows, =154=
Whims, =164-167=
White-Lead, 440; 354; 110; 232
White Schist, =234=; =390=; 234; 222
Winding Appliances (_see_ Hauling Appliances).
Windlasses, =160=; =171=; 149
Windlass Men, =160=; 78
Winds.
Greek and Roman names, =58=
Sailors' names, =59=; =60=
Winds (winze), 101
Windsails, =200-203=
Winzes, 102
Wittenberg, Capitulation of, IX.
Wizards.
Divining rods, =40=
Workmen, =98=; =100=
Woughs, 101
_Zaffre_, 112
Zeitz, XI.
Zinc (_see also_ _Cadmia_ _and_ Cobalt).
Historical notes, 408-410; 354
Minerals, 112-113
Zinck (_see_ Zinc).
Zinc Oxides, 113; 354
Zinc Sulphate (_see_ Vitriol).
_Zincum_ (_see_ Zinc).
_Zoll_, 617; 78