in an address to Congress as the ideal patriot and saint, consecrated
to liberty, enlightenment, morality, and the Christian religion,
"straightforward" and "simple" in principles, "mild and tolerant" in
character. His life, he assured the nation, was "entirely devoted to
the freedom and happiness of the people and the preservation of the
Federal system." Before long his picture was drawn in different colors.
"The Vile and Traitorous Santa Anna wishes to be Emperor," cried one
pamphleteer. "Depravity and ambition make up the character of that
miserable Proteus," responded another.
2.8. _Centralism._ =13=Ashburnham, nos. 51, 52, 58, 64 of 1837;
7, 21, 23, 24, 37, 70, 111 of 1838. =13=Pakenham, nos. 11, 12,
67, 76 of 1839; 21, 40, 72, 92, 95 of 1840; 42, 53, 94, 101, 116 of
1841. =13=Pakenham to Harvey, July 20, 1839. =52=W. D. Jones,
June 22; July 19; Aug. 29; Sept. 26; Oct. 7, 17; Nov. 4, 11; Dec. 6,
1837; Apr. 10; Sept. 5, 8, 22; Oct. 1, 30; Dec. 7 (anarchy), 1838; Feb.
16, 19; Mar. 23 (Valencia); Apr. 20, 23; May 11, 1839. =52=W. S.
Parrott, July 29, 1837. =52=Black, no. 307, 1840. =52=Ellis,
no. 29, 1840. =52=Ellis to Jackson, Oct. 15, 1839. Bocanegra,
Mems., ii, 807. Giménez, Mems., 70-3. Rivero, México, 75. Otero,
Cuestión, 62-5. Robertson, Visit, i, 317. México á través, iv, 382, 387,
390-2, 395, 397, 399, 404-16, 419, 423, 427, 430-2, 438, 440, 443-4,
446-8, 451-2, 455-74. Calderón, Life, i, 349; ii, 187, 223-6, 232, 246,
250, 254, 274. El Que me Importa. Noticia Extraordinaria. _Republicano_,
Feb. 3, 1847. London _Times_, Nov. 25, 1841. Lara, _Revista Política_,
1840. _Cosmopolita_, Dec. 28, 1836. =56=Greenhow, Aug. 12, 1837.
Löwenstern, Le Mexique, 284. Sierra, Evolution, i, 185. Búlnes, Grandes
Mentiras, 208.
"I do not believe," wrote the British minister (no. 116, Nov. 8, 1841),
"that history affords an example of the fate of a Country being so
completely dependent upon the will of one man" [as Mexico's now is upon
S. Anna's].
2.9. _Santa Anna as Dictator and President._ =13=Pakenham,
nos. 82 of 1833; 119 of 1841; 20, 57, 77, 99, 121 of 1842; 13 of 1843.
=13=Doyle, nos. 47, 72, 76, 81 of 1843. =13=Bankhead, nos. 4,
43, 54, 66, 72, 73, 96, 105, 108, 110 of 1844; 1, 20, 50 of 1845; 57
of 1846. =231=Butler to Jackson, Dec. 14, 1835. =52=Ellis,
no. 44 of 1841. =52=Thompson, nos. 1, 3 of 1842; 31 of 1843;
40 of 1844. =52=B. E. Green, April 8; May 16; June 7, 21; July
14, 1844. Green to Calhoun, June 15, 1844 (Ho. 2; 28, 2, p. 59). D.
Green to Calhoun, Oct. 28; Nov. 12, 29, 1844 (Jameson, Calh. Corr.,
975, 991, 1000). =52=Consul Burroughs to Ellis, Jan. 10, 1837.
=52=Consul Dimond, no. 200, 1843. =52=Shannon, nos. 3, 4,
5, 1844. =52=_Id._, Jan. 9, 1845. =52=B. Mayer, statement,
Dec. 9, 1842. C. M. Bustamante, Gobierno, 1, 11, 22, 65, 94, 106, 247,
287, 289, 298, 322-4, 384. Giménez, Mems., 263. Bocanegra, Mems.,
ii, 679. Calderón, Life, i, 337; ii, 195, 272-4, 392. Memoria de ...
Relaciones, Mar. 12, 1845; Dec, 1846. Mem. de ... Hacienda, Feb., 1844.
Mem. de ... Justicia, Jan., 1844. Paredes [Letters], Advertencia, 141.
Jones, Memoranda, 433 (Arista). México á través, iv, 474-80, 484-90,
492-9, 506, 509, 517-30, 532-4, 540, 547. Zamacois, México, xii, 280-1,
283, 285, 330. Löwenstern, Le Mexique, 288. Rivero, México, 90, 94.
_Diario del Gobierno_, Jan. 12, 1845. _Journal des Débats_, Sept. 13,
1842; Mar. 16, 1844; Apr. 29, 1845. _Revue de Paris_, Dec., 1844.
_Constitutionnel_, Jan. 6, 1844. Otero, Cuestión, 69-70. Tornel, Reseña,
74. Zavala, Revoluciones, i, 151. =231=Butler to Jackson, June 6,
1834. =11=Martin, Aug. 25, 1828. =11=Cochelet, Feb. 3, 1830.
=52=Butler, July 9, 1834. Alvarez, Manifiesto, 1845. Ellis, Soul of
Spain, 37. Sierra, Evolution, i, 211. Defensa del Gen. S. Anna. Causa
Criminal. S. Anna, Address, 1846. Rivera, Jalapa, iii, 507, 545, 612,
647-73. Lerdo de Tejada, Apuntes, ii, 502-5, 511. _Texas Register_, Mar.
15, 1845 (Eye-witness). London _Times_, Nov. 15, 1841; Feb. 13; Dec 6,
1845. Thompson, Recolls., 76, 80, 85-6. Tudor, Tour, ii, 164. Proceso
de S. Anna, 1845. =56=W. S. Parrott, Apr. 29, 1845. (S. Anna's
appearance) N. Orl. _Commerc. Bulletin_, July 18, 1836; =52=Consul
Cameron, Feb. 14, 1831; Stapp, Prisoners, 151-2; Mofras, Explor., i,
14; Thompson, Recolls., 66; Ferry, Revols., 253-5; =231=Ellis to
family, July 8, 1839.
"Genius of evil," cried a pamphleteer to Santa Anna, "demon of avarice
and covetousness, you are, like Attila, the scourge of God. Your power
has been, like that of Satan, a power of corruption, of ruin, and of
destruction. You resemble a fury of hell, blind, devastating, and
bloody. Amid the horrors of civil war, amid lakes of blood and mountains
of dead bodies, you always present yourself like a spectre, inciting all
to devastation, slaughter, and revenge"; and such productions almost
whitened the pavements.
2.10. _Herrera's administration._ (In Sept., 1845, Herrera became
President by regular election.) =13=Bankhead, nos. 108 of 1844; [
], 17, 30, 70, 82, 85 of 1845. =56=W. S. Parrott, Apr. 29, 1845;
May 22, 30; June 10, 24; July 12, 15, 26, 30; Aug. 16, 23, 29; Sept.
2, 18, 29; Oct. 11, 1845. =52=Slidell, no. 4, Dec. 27, 1845.
=52=Consul Campbell, June 7, 1845. Memoria de ... Relaciones, Dec,
1846. Memoria de ... Guerra, Dec., 1846. Zavala, Revoluciones, ii, 47.
=52=Dimond, June 11; Dec. 14, 1845. _Siglo XIX_, Oct. 5, 9; Nov.
15, 22, 30; Dec. 6, 9, 1845. _Diario_, Apr. 19; June 7; Sept. 10, 1845.
_Republicano_, Feb. 3, 1847. _Amigo del Pueblo_, Nov. 30, 1845. London
_Times_, Aug. 6; Oct. 6; Nov. 11; Dec. 6, 1845; Jan. 8, 1846. México
á través, iv, 529, 541-5. Smith, Annex. of Texas, 423-4. Importantes
Recuerdos. _National_, Mar. 18, 1845. _Journal des Débats_, Apr. 29;
Aug. 2, 1845. Wash. _Union_, Sept. 29, 1845. Constituent Congress,
Address, 1824. Cuatro Palabras. Consideraciones, 43-5. _Voz del Pueblo_,
Nov. 12, 1845. Rivera, Jalapa, iii, 693-720. Baz, Juárez, 43. Rivera,
Gobernantes, ii, 281-4.
2.11. A thoughtful Mexican analyzed the situation in substance as
follows: Our people as a whole have forgotten morality, sincerity,
patriotism, disinterestedness, and all the other virtues that upbuild
great nations; only selfishness, base and ruinous passions, hatreds and
vile revenges exist among us, and on all sides discords and rancors
force themselves upon the dullest eye; the country, weakened by the
parties, divided by incompatible interests and claims, has been unable
to obtain order and repose, because interested persons have always
promoted anarchy and disorder in every possible way; the liberty that
the army achieved has been used only as brutal license; and each of us,
regarding himself as a judge in the land, has felt entirely emancipated
from all obligations, and fully at liberty to upset everything at his
will.
III. RELATIONS BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND MEXICO, 1825-1843
3.1. As was mentioned in chap. ii (p. 30), the Spaniards had
endeavored to keep foreign ideas out of Mexico, and the people of
Protestant countries had been studiously misrepresented--even as having
tails. See Smith, Annex. of Texas, 419; =231=Butler to Jackson,
June 23, 1831; =13=Pakenham, nos. 29, Apr. 26, 1832; 2, Feb. 14,
1835; =11=Cochelet, Sept. 29, 1829. Evidence without limit could be
cited.
3.2. One does not like to write such things. But (1) if the subject
is to be understood, they must be said; (2) they are not as hard as
things alleged against the United States by the Mexicans; and (3) they
are written of a long past generation. On this point we will confine
ourselves to Mexican testimony and testimony from that nation which
was on the most intimate and friendly terms with Mexico, had the chief
interest there, and enjoyed the lion's share of mercantile profit.
In 1823 the minister of the treasury said that only in the case of
one state could its financial condition be learned even approximately
from the public accounts (=11=despatch to French govt. about
July, 1823). Eleven years later the head of that department announced
that it was impossible to ascertain what the legitimate income of the
government for the previous year had been (Memoria, 1834). In 1838 the
man occupying that post admitted officially that no minister of the
treasury since 1822 had possessed sufficient data to make a satisfactory
report (Memoria, July, 1838), and the British representative stated
that "the most vitally important matters" were "wholly left to chance"
by the government (=13=Ashburnham, no. 37, May 24, 1838). That
the national authorities were evasive and jesuitical, resorting to
subterfuges, shifting their responsibility upon the legislative or the
judicial department, and referring matters repeatedly to distant local
officials, is proved by reports of British ministers from 1825 to 1845
(_e.g._ =13=Ward, no. 143, 1826; =13=Ashburnham, no. 59, 1837;
=13=Pakenham, no. 96, 1841; =13=Bankhead, nos. 5, 12, 1844).
Once at least money was borrowed by hypothecating a fund which the
government did not possess (Trigueros in =52=Mayer, Dec. 9, 1842).
Mortgaged revenues were spent at will (=52=Zavala to Deputies,
Apr. 23, 1829; Bankhead, no. 103, 1844; see also =52=Mayer, Dec.
9, 1842). Definite arrangements made with foreign representatives
were secretly circumvented (Pakenham, no. 23, 1837; Ashburnham, no.
15, 1838). The Cabinet showed itself capable of breaking a direct
promise and even a definite contract (Pakenham, nos. 9, 1843; 44, 1839;
Bankhead, no. 86, 1845). The highest authorities were untruthful in
word, writing, and print (Pakenham, sep. and confid., Mar. 27, 1828;
_Id._, nos. 32, 1833; 98, 1841; 9, 1843; Bankhead, nos. 12, 1844; 98,
1846. See also Poinsett, no 24, 1825); and they did not scruple to utter
injurious calumnies against friendly nations (Pakenham, no. 98, 1841).
Changes of system appeared to make little difference, for these were
national characteristics. The most honorable administration of this
entire period broke a direct and solemn pledge given to the French
minister (Bankhead, no. 86, 1845; see also =56=W. S. Parrott, Sept.
4, 1845); and the best journal of the country, _El Siglo XIX_, told only
the truth when it said, December 2, 1845, "All our governments have been
dishonest," adding that dishonest methods had been practiced "not only
from necessity but from favoritism and for speculative reasons." It
should, of course, be remembered that carelessness about truth, justice
and honesty was the shady side of Mexican amiability, and that other
nations are not faultless.
3.3. For an account of Poinsett's mission and very numerous
citations bearing upon the subject one may refer to a paper by J. H.
Smith in the Proceedings of the Amer. Antiquarian Soc., Apr., 1914.
=52=Poinsett, Contestación. Gamboa, Representación. Causas para
Declarar. (Concessions, etc.) Ho. 351; 25, 2, p. 285 (Poinsett). One
would suppose that the prompt recognition of Mexico by the United
States, our efforts to induce Spain to recognize her (_e.g._ Amer. State
Papers, 2 series, vol. vi, 1006; Ho. 351; 25, 2, pp. 118 (McLane), 119
(Van Ness), 147, 150 (Forsyth); =77=Livingston to Montoya, Oct.
1, 1831), and the "Monroe Doctrine" would have earned us gratitude.
But these were attributed very generally to a desire on the part of
this country to monopolize the western hemisphere (_Diario_, June 17,
18, 1846), and were offset by our opposition to the cherished Mexican
scheme of driving the Spanish from Cuba and by our proposing to have the
retention of Havana guaranteed to Spain (see particularly Ward, no. 53,
secret and confid., May 29, 1826). Denunciations of Poinsett: _e.g._
Bravo, Manifiesto, 1828; _Sol_, Jan. 4, 1830; =261=Mémoire; La
Ruina de los Mexicanos; Bocanegra, Mems., i, 379, 382, 390; Pakenham,
no. 152, 1828; =11=Martin, July 26, 1827; =11=Cochelet, Aug.
7, 1829; N. Orl. _Delta_, July 9, 1847. Pakenham (no. 74, Aug. 26,
1829) reported that owing to Poinsett's course and the fact that his
government kept him in Mexico, the feeling toward the United States was
one of "jealousy, suspicion, and dislike." The prevailing belief was
that the United States, fearing Mexican competition, sent him there to
paralyze Mexico by exciting dissension (Poinsett, no. 94, July 8, 1827;
=52=state dept. to Butler, Apr. 1, 1830; _Diario_, Apr. 17, 1847).
3.4. Poinsett was attacked by the states of Puebla (Pakenham,
no. 98, 1829), Vera Cruz (Manifiesto, 1827), México (Preamble
and resolution, 1829), and Querétaro (Pakenham, no. 73, 1827).
=296=Poinsett to Pres., June 8, 1827. (Protest) =52=Clay to
Poinsett, no. 25, Nov. 19, 1827. (Failure, attitude) Van Buren to
Butler, Oct. 16, 1829 (P. S., Oct. 17). (Sinister, pointedly) Van Buren
to Poinsett, Oct. 16, 1829. (No charges) Van B. to P. and to B. (P. S.,
Oct. 17), Oct. 16, 1829; Bocanegra, Mems., ii, 18-20; =77=Montoya,
no. 30, Dec. 10, 1829; =296=Zavala to Poinsett, June 16, 1827.
Poinsett was secretary of war under Van Buren. _So. Qtrly. Rev._, Nov.,
1850, 429. Nueva Conspiración.
3.5. =52=Clay to Poinsett, Mar. 26, 1825; Sept. 24, 1825;
Mar. 15, 1827; Van Buren to Poinsett, Aug. 25, 1829. =231=Butler
to Jackson, June 23, 1831. Poinsett, no. 12, Aug. 5, 1825.
(Officials) =52=Morfit, no. 7, Sept. 6, 1836; Ho. 35; 24, 2,
p. 17. (Ten times) Memoria de ... Relaciones, Dec, 1846, p. 76.
(Indians) =13=Ashburnham to Backhouse, July 26, 1838. (Victoria)
=13=Ward, no. 54, 1825. (Trouble) Clay, _supra_; =135=Jackson,
several letters to Butler.
3.6. Poinsett's correspondence with Clay, Van Buren, and Alamán: Ho.
42; 25, 1, pp. 19-29. Amer. State Papers: Foreign Relations, vi (folio
ed.). =296=Notes in Poinsett papers. _Commerc. Rev._, July, 1846,
21-4, 27-42 (Poinsett). Poinsett, nos. 12, 1825; 113, 115, 1828; 166,
1829. (Urgency) =52=Tornel to Poinsett, June 27, 1827. (Dropping)
=77=Martínez, Nov. 2, 1837; Poinsett, no. 113, 1828; Adams,
Memoirs, ix, 377-8; =52=Consul Taylor, Nov. 7, 1829. He dropped
the project of buying territory because he saw it would give offence.
Treaties and Conventions (Haswell, ed.), 661-3, 675. Ho. 42; 25, 1, pp.
27-8. (Reached, etc.) Ho. 351; 25, 2, pp. 40 (Van Buren to Butler); 190,
285, etc. (Poinsett). Ho. 42; 25, 1, pp. 8 (Clay); 10 (Van Buren); 38
(Butler, Dec. 21); 46-8. (Charged) Filisola, Memorias, ii, 602; Tornel,
Reseña, 79, 80; Zavala, Revoluciones, i, 384; Richtofen, Zustände, 44.
Before the paper was placed in Poinsett's hands he knew it would reach
Washington too late (to Clay, Apr. 24: Ho. 42; 25, 1, p. 28), and hence
it was unnecessary, as it would have been dishonorable and dangerous,
to withhold it. (May 10) Ho. 351; 25, 2, p. 202. As the instructions
to buy territory were repeated in 1829 (note 5) when Mexico was at war
with Spain, it has been urged by some Americans that we showed a mean
disposition to take advantage of a neighbor's difficulties. But it is
rather kind than otherwise to offer even a low price for real estate
when the owner is in straits for cash, and Mexico was free to consult
her own interest about selling. The instructions of 1829 were, however,
wholly inoperative at that time.
That a people so fond of indirect methods and so destitute of principle
in public affairs were suspicious of the United States was not, however,
surprising. It was known of course that up to 1819 we had claimed the
Rio Grande boundary. When Poinsett found that Victoria and Alamán
intended to reassert the boundary pretensions of Spain, he endeavored
to discourage them by replying that in such a case the old claim of the
United States also would be revived (to Clay, Sept. 20, 1825).
In 1827 members of the Chamber of Deputies expressed the opinion
in debate that the United States was at least privy to a recent
insurrection in Texas, and a leading newspaper asserted that we had
encouraged it (Poinsett, no. 74, 1827). Among the attacks upon the
unfortunate Guerrero was the charge--based, it was alleged, upon
documents--that he was plotting to sell us territory in that quarter
(Pakenham, no. 18, 1831). Bravo, after a visit to this country, brought
out a pamphlet in 1829, declaring that "the politicians and journalists"
of the United States were "at present occupied about the dismemberment"
of Mexico. The following July Bocanegra, minister of relations, hearing
of our customary militia drills and armed escorts for traders in the far
west, demanded the meaning of these operations, and in spite of sensible
reassurances from the American minister, he felt so much disturbed as to
commit a real offence against him and the United States by repeating his
inquiry (Ho. 351; 25, 2, pp. 288, 292). The next year, when our squadron
set out for a cruise in the Gulf, Alamán represented this to Congress
as a threatening movement (Filisola, Memorias, ii, 601). A pamphlet
issued at New York to point out the value of Texas was attributed to our
government (Pakenham, no. 24, 1830), and the Mexican agent at London
endeavored to excite the British cabinet regarding the supposed peril
of his country (=77=Gorostiza, Apr. 22, 1830). European diplomatic
representatives at Mexico fanned this flame. In particular Ward, the
British minister, did his utmost to increase the alarm regarding Texas
(nos. 32, 54, 64, 1825). See W. R. Manning in _Southwest. Hist. Qtrly._,
Jan., 1914. For American feeling toward Mexico see chap. xxxvi, note 1.
3.7. Treaties and Conventions: note 6. Treaties in Force (1899),
389-90. =52=McLane to Butler, Jan. 13, 1834. =52=Butler to
García, Sept. 6, 1833. =231=_Id._, to Jackson, Mar. 7, 1834.
Ho. 42; 25, 1, p. 59 (Livingston). Ho. 351; 25, 2, pp. 40-53, 556.
=77=Castillo, no. 71, Dec. 7, 1833. (Denounced) =77=Castillo,
no. 2, res., Jan. 22, 1835. The boundary was not run, for the battle of
S. Jacinto occurred just after the exchange of the ratifications.
3.8. Ho. 42; 25, 1, pp. 17, 21; 33 (Butler); 49 (Van Buren).
Ho. 351; 25, 2, pp. 190, 210, 287 (Poinsett); 369-70, 410. Foreign
Rels., folio ed., vi, 583-600. (Treaty) Ho. 225; 22, 1. Treaties and
Conventions (Haswell, ed.), 664-74. Sen. Exec. Journ., iii, 568-72,
605-6. (Dark) Ward, [no. 103], Sept. 9, 1826. (Victoria) Poinsett, no.
12, Aug. 5, 1825. =77=Montoya, no. 25, Sept. 19, 1829.
One of the two objectionable articles in the treaty of 1828 concerned
the returning of fugitive slaves, and has been characterized by certain
writers in the United States as a gross insult to Mexico; but that
country had not yet abolished slavery, and her Cabinet, which possessed
a full share of pride, accepted the article.
3.9. Sierra, Evolution, i, 178. =77=Montoya, no. 30, Dec. 10,
1829. =52=Van Buren to Butler, Oct. 16 (P. S., Oct. 17), 1829.
(Friend) =77=Tornel, no. 3, res., Mar. 6, 1830; Ho. 351; 25, 2, p.
381; =52=Butler, July 9, 1834. =135=Butler, Notes on Texas.
=135=_Id._ to Jackson, Jan. 4, 1827. =77=Almonte to Mex.
Leg., Washington, July 22, 1834. (Ignorant) Ho. 351; 25, 2, p. 381.
(Careless) =52=Ellis, June 25, private; July 16; Oct. 15, 1836;
=52=Forsyth to Butler, Nov. 9, 1835; to Ellis, Jan. 18, 1837.
(Consuls) =52=Wilcocks, Feb. 15, 1833; =52=W. S. Parrott, Oct.
24, 1835. (Spirits) =52=Butler, Aug. 26, 1833.
3.10. Poinsett reached the conclusion that endeavoring to buy Texan
territory would anger Mexico and lead her to seek European support
(Ho. 351; 25, 2, p. 286), but Butler stimulated Jackson to take the
matter up. =52=Butler's correspondence, including letters to and
from Mexican officials. Many of these documents were printed with
substantial correctness in Ho. 256; 24, 1; Ho. 42; 25, 1; Ho. 351;
25, 2. =296=Notes from Butler, Wilcocks and Zavala, to Poinsett.
Corresp. with Jackson in =231=Jackson papers and =135=Butler
papers (for deciphering a number of the latter the author is indebted
to Dr. E. C. Burnett of the Dept. of Hist. Research, Carnegie Instit.).
=77=Tornel, no. 3, res., 1830. =77=Castillo, no. 8, res.,
1835. Sen. Exec. Journ., iv, 488, 502. =52=Ellis, May 19; June 25;
July 16; Oct. 15, 1836; to Jackson, Aug. 26. Pakenham, nos. 6, 7, 1830;
11, 1836. Barker in _Nation_, xcii, 600-1; in _Amer. Hist. Rev._, July,
1907, 788-809. Filisola, Mems, ii, 590, 612. Adams, Mems., ix, 377-8.
Benton, View, ii, 659. Bankhead, no. 125, 1845. _Mosquito Mex._, Aug. 4,
1835.
Butler had some excuse for basing hopes on Alamán, for until the war
with Spain ended Alamán wished to be on very good terms with the United
States, and later he was in serious financial troubles. Nothing in the
documents involves Jackson in Butler's dishonor. The American secretary
of state was even less censurable. Our government expressed all due
regrets for Butler's misconduct (Ho. 351; 25, 2, pp. 184, 750; Forsyth
to Ellis, no. 22, Nov. 16, 1836; =77=Castillo, no. 8, res., 1835).
(Recall) =77=Relaciones to Castillo, Oct. 31, 1835; Ho. 351; 25, 2,
p. 719, and =77=Castillo, no. 8, res., 1835.
3.11. Smith, Annex. of Texas, 11-33. =52=Butler, May 8, 1836.
=231=_Id._ to Jackson, Dec. 14, 1835. Ellis, no. 2, May 19,
1836. Pakenham, nos. 75, 1835; 25, 1836. Ho. 256; 24, 1, pp. 3, 29,
30 (Forsyth); 8 (Castillo); 10 (Monasterio). Sen. 1; 25, 2, pp. 141
(Monasterio); 149 (Forsyth). Ho. 351; 25, 2, pp. 82 (Livingston); 160
(Forsyth); 571-2 (Tornel, Monasterio). Memoria de ... Interior, Jan.,
1838. Memoria de ... Guerra, Dec., 1846. México á través, iv, 377,
401-3, 512. Löwenstern, Le Mexique, 78. Richtofen, Zustände, 48. The
state of Mexican feeling will come up again.
3.12. _The Gaines episode._ Van Buren to Poinsett, Aug. 25, 1829.
Butler to Jackson, Sept. 26; Oct. 2, 1833; Feb. 6; Mar. 7, 1834.
=231=Jackson to Butler, Nov. 27, 1833. =58=Dickins to Cass,
Aug. 20, 1836. =77=Castillo, Nov. 10, 1835. =39=Gaines to
gov. Tenn., June 28, 1836. =52=Burrough, nos. 39, 40, 1836.
=77=Martínez, no. 10, res., 1838. =77=Relaciones to Martínez,
Oct. 10, 1838. =77=Gorostiza, Apr. 25, 29; May 30; July 12, 24;
Aug. 18, 19; Oct. 4, 5, 1836. Pakenham, nos. 18, 94, 1836. Sen. 1;
24, 2, pp. 46, 92, 105 (Dickins); 60, 85 (Jackson); 84 (memo.); 32,
44, 68, 89, 91, 100 (Gorostiza); 133-4 (Macomb). Sen. 160; 24, 2, p.
157 (Forsyth). Ho. 256; 24, 1, pp. 3, 28, 29, 31-3, 35, 45 (Forsyth);
6, 11 (Castillo); 15, 21, 23, 25, 27 (Gorostiza); 45 (memo.); 40, 43,
48, 54 (Cass to Gaines); 42, 46-8 (Gaines); 55 (Macomb); 58 (Many);
59 (Green; adj. gen.). Ho. 351; 25, 2, pp. 769-806 (Gaines _et al._);
806 (McCall and documents). Jackson, Message, Dec. 5, 1836. Gorostiza,
Correspondencia. Reply to Gorostiza: Lib. Cong., Mss. Div., "Mex. War,
Miscellaneous." Tex. Dipl. Corr., i, pp. 83 (Carson); 104 (Burnett);
164-5, 177, 202 (Henderson); 175 (Wharton); 156 (Austin); 205 (Catlett).
Brown, Texas, ii, 90. Bocanegra, Mems., ii, 736-69. México á través, iv,
378. Calderón, Life, ii, 123. Kohl, Claims, 24. Barker in _Miss. Valley
Hist. Rev._, i, 1; in _Amer. Hist. Rev._, July, 1907, p. 794 (Jackson
thought the Neches was a branch of the Sabine). N. Y. _Ev. Post_, Aug.
1, 1836. Wash. _Globe_, Aug. 1, 1836 (Cass). Richmond _Enquirer_,
Aug. 12, 1836. Mobile _Commercial Register_, June 27, 1836. _Nat.
Intelligencer_, May 5 (Virginian); July 26, 1836. N. Orl. _Courier_,
Sept. 27, 1836 (Fulton). Sen. 189; 24, 2. (Indorsed) Monasterio to
Gorost., Dec. 21, 1836, in Gor., Correspondencia. (Erroneously) Smith,
Annex. of Texas, 22.