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Transcriber's note:
Blank pages have been deleted.
Footnotes have been moved below the paragraphs that reference them.
Some sidenotes have been moved, separated or merged.
When the author's preference can be determined, we have rendered
consistent on a per-word-pair basis the hyphenation or spacing of
such pairs when repeated in the same grammatical context.
The publisher's inadvertent omissions of important punctuation
have been corrected.
A table of contents has been added.
Duplicative front matter has been removed.
The chapter heading format has been made more consistent.
The following list indicates any additional changes. The page number
represents that of the original publication and applies in this etext
except for footnotes and illustrations since they may have been moved.