contiguous to the _Antennæ_, that lies behind the _Nasus_, when
distinctly marked out.--Ex. _Sagra_, _Prosopis_.
3. FRONS (the _Front_). That part of the _Face_ which lies behind
the _Postnasus_, and usually between the posterior part of the
eyes. This is sometimes the region of the _Stemmata_; or they are
partly in this or partly in the _Vertex_[974].
4. VERTEX (the _Vertex_). The horizontal part of the _Facies_,
next the front, that lies behind the eyes and between the
temples[975]. This also is often the region of the _Stemmata_.
5. OCCIPUT (the _Occiput_). The back part of the head when it is
vertical, or nearly so, to its point of junction with the
trunk[976].--Ex. _Meloe_, _Ripiphorus_, _Hymenoptera_, _Diptera_.
6. GENÆ (the _Cheeks_). Those parts which lie on the outside of the
anterior half of the eyes, and intervene also between them and
the _Mandibulæ_[977].
7. TEMPORA (the _Temples_). Those parts which lie on the outside of
the posterior half of the eyes, between which the _Frons_ and
_Vertex_ intervene[978].
8. OCULI (the _Eyes_). The principal organs of sight, most commonly
two in number, placed in the sides of the head. In the majority
they are compound, consisting of hexagonal lenses. In the
_Arachnida_ they are simple[979].
A CANTHUS (the _Canthus_). A process of the face, which enters the
notch or sinus of the eye[980].--Ex. _Scarabæus_ L., _Cerambyx_ L.
9. STEMMATA (the _Eyelets_). Two, or more commonly three, convex,
crystalline, simple eyes, observable in the _Frons_ or _Vertex_,
or common to both[981].--Ex. _Orthoptera_, _Hemiptera_,
_Hymenoptera_.
10. ANTENNÆ (the _Antennæ_). Two moveable and jointed sensiferous
organs, situated in the space between or before the eyes, but
in no instance behind them[982]. They include the _Torulus_,
_Scapus_, _Pedicellus_, and _Clavola_.
A TORULUS (the _Bed_). The cavity or socket in which the base of
the _Antenna_ is planted[983].
B SCAPUS (the _Scape_). The first and in many cases the most
conspicuous joint of the _Antennæ_[984]. It includes the _Bulbus_.
a BULBUS (the _Bulb_). The base of the _Scapus_, by which it
inosculates in the _Torulus_, often subglobose, and looking like
a distinct joint[985]. It acts the part of a _Rotula_, being the
pivot upon which the _Antenna_ turns.
C PEDICELLUS (the _Pedicel_). The second joint of the
_Antenna_[986]: in some insects acting also the part of a
_Rotula_ in the socket of the _Scapus_, to give separate motion
to the _Clavola_.
D CLAVOLA (the _Clavolet_). The remaining joints of the _Antenna_
taken together[987]. It includes the _Capitulum_.
a CAPITULUM (the _Knob_). The last joints of the _Clavola_ when
suddenly larger than the rest[988].
iii. SUBFACIES (the _Subface_). The lower surface or underside of the
head[989]. It includes the _Lora_ and _Jugulum_.
1. LORA (the _Lora_). A corneous angular machine observable in the
mouth of some insects, upon the intermediate angle of which the
_Mentum_ sits, and on the lateral ones the _Cardines_ of the
_Maxillæ_; and by means of which the _Trophi_ are pushed forth or
retracted[990].--Ex. _Hymenoptera_.
2. JUGULUM (the _Throat_). That part of the subface that lies
between the temples[991].
iv. COLLUM (the _Neck_). The constricted posterior part of a
pedunculate head, by which it inosculates in the trunk[992]. It
includes the _Nucha_, _Gula_, and _Myoglyphides_.
1. NUCHA (the _Nape_). The upper part of the neck[993]. It includes
the _Myoglyphides_.
A MYOGLYPHIDES (the _Muscle-notches_). Notches in the posterior
margin of the neck, usually two in number, observable in
Coleopterous insects, to which the levator muscles are
attached[994].
2. GULA (the _Gula_). The lower part of the neck[995].
v. CEPHALOPHRAGMA (the _Cephalophragm_). A Y-shaped partition
that divides the head internally in _Locusta_ Leach, into two
chambers, an anterior and posterior.
II. TRUNCUS (The TRUNK).
The _Trunk_ is the intermediate section of the body, which lies
between the _Head_ and the _Abdomen_[996]. It includes the
_Manitruncus_, and the _Alitruncus_[997].
/#[6.2] i. MANITRUNCUS (the _Manitrunk_). The anterior segment
of the trunk, in which the head inosculates, or on which it
turns[998]. It includes the _Prothorax_ and _Antepectus_.
1. PROTHORAX (the _Prothorax_). The upper part or the shield of
the manitrunk, in _Coleoptera_, _Orthoptera_, &c. called by
way of eminence the _Thorax_[999]. It includes the _Ora_,
_Patagia_, _Umbones_, and _Phragma_.
A ORA (the _Ora_). The inflexed or inferior lateral margin of the
_Prothorax_, separated in many genera from the _Antepectus_ by
a suture[1000].
B PATAGIA (the _Patagia_). Two corneous scales observable in
_Lepidoptera_, fixed on each side of the trunk, just behind the
head, and covered with a long tuft of hair[1001].
C UMBONES (the _Bosses_). Two moveable bosses surmounted by a
spine, with which the _Prothorax_ of the Coleopterous genus
_Macropus_ is armed.
D PHRAGMA (the _Phragm_). The _Septum_ that closes the posterior
orifice of the _Prothorax_ in _Gryllotalpa_ Latr.
2. ANTEPECTUS (the _Forebreast_). The underside or breastplate of
the manitrunk, and the bed of the _Arms_[1002]. It includes
the _Spiracula Antepectoralia_, _Prosternum_, _Antefurca_, and
_Brachia_.
A SPIRACULA ANTEPECTORALIA (the _Antepectoral Spiracles_). A pair
of breathing-pores fixed in the membrane that connects the
_Antepectus_ with the _Medipectus_[1003].
B PROSTERNUM (the _Forebreast-bone_). A longitudinal or other
elevation of the _Antepectus_ between the _Brachia_[1004].
C ANTEFURCA (the _Antefurca_). An internal vertical process of
the _Antepectus_, consisting usually of two branches, which
afford a point of attachment to muscles of the _Brachia_[1005].
D BRACHIA (the _Arms_). The first pair of legs of _Hexapods_, the
direction of which is usually towards the head; when spoken of
with the other legs, called the _Forelegs_[1006]. They include
the _Clavicula_, _Scapula_, _Humerus_, _Cubitus_, and _Manus_.
a CLAVICULA (the _Clavicle_). The _first_ joint of the
_Brachium_, answering to the _Coxa_ in the legs.
b SCAPULA (the _Scapula_). The _second_ joint of the _Brachium_,
answering to the _Trochanter_ in the legs.
c HUMERUS (the _Humerus_). The _third_ and elongated joint of the
_Brachium_, answering to the _Femur_ in the legs.
d CUBITUS (the _Cubitus_). The _fourth_ and elongated joint,
answering to the _Tibia_ in the legs. It includes the
_Coronula_ and _Calcaria_. . _A_ CORONULA (the _Coronula_). A
coronet or semicoronet of spines, observable at the apex of the
_Cubitus_ or _Tibia_ of some insects.--Ex. _Dilophus_ Latr.,
_Fulgora_ L.
_B_ CALCARIA (the _Spurs_). See the definition under _Pedes
Postici_. They include the _Velum_.
_a_ VELUM (the _Velum_). A membrane attached to the inner side of
the cubital spur in _Apis_ L.[1007]
e MANUS (the _Hand_). The terminal jointed portion of the
_Brachium_, answering to the _Tarsus_ in the legs[1008]. It
includes the _Pulvilli_, _Palma_, and _Digitus_.
f PULVILLI (the _Pulvilli_). See definition under _Pedes Postici_.
g PALMA (the _Palm_). The first joint of the _Manus_, when longer
and broader than the subsequent ones, or otherwise remarkable;
answering to the _Planta_ in the legs[1009].
_A_ DIGITUS (the _Finger_). See definition under _Pedes Postici_.
It includes the _Ungula_.
_a_ UNGULA (the _Claw-joint_). See definition under _Pedes
Postici_. It includes the _Pollex_, _Unguiculi_, and _Palmula_.
α POLLEX (the _Thumb_). A small accessory joint, attached to the
_Ungula_ of the _Manus_ in _Mantis_ F.
β UNGUICULI (the _Claws_). See definition under _Pedes Postici_.
γ PALMULA (the _Palmlet_). A minute accessory joint between the
claws, answering to the _Plantula_ in the legs. It includes the
_Pseudonychia_.
* PSEUDONYCHIA (the _Spurious Claws_). See definition under
_Pedes Postici_.
ii. ALITRUNCUS (the _Alitrunk_). The _posterior_ segment of the
trunk to which the abdomen is affixed, and which bears the legs
and wings[1010]. It includes the _Mesothorax_ and _Medipectus_,
and the _Metathorax_ and _Postpectus_.
1. MESOTHORAX (the _Mesothorax_). That segment of the alitrunk
which bears the _Elytra_, or the anterior pair of wings, and
the intermediate pair of legs[1011]. It includes the _Collare_,
_Prophragma_, _Dorsolum_, _Scutellum_, _Frænum_, and _Pnystega_.
A COLLARE (the _Collar_). The _first_ or anterior piece of
the _Mesothorax_. In most insects that have a conspicuous
_Prothorax_, as the _Coleoptera_, this piece appears scarcely
to have a representative; but in the _Libellulina_ it co-exists
with it, and is more conspicuous[1012]. It is particularly
remarkable in _Hymenoptera_ and _Diptera_.
B PROPHRAGMA (the _Prophragm_). A partition of an elastic
substance, rather horny, connected posteriorly with the
_Dorsolum_, which passes down into the anterior cavity of the
alitrunk, of which it forms the upper separation from that
of the manitrunk. It affords a point of attachment to several
muscles of the wings, &c.[1013]
C DORSOLUM (the _Dorslet_). The piece which lies between the
_Collare_ and _Scutellum_, to which the prophragm is anteriorly
attached, and which bears the upper or anterior organs of
flight[1014]. It includes the _Pteropega_, _Elytra_, _Tegmina_,
_Hemelytra_, _Alæ Superiores_, and _Tegulæ_.
a PTEROPEGA (the _Wing-socket_). The space in which the organs
for flight are planted. That for the secondary or under-wings
is in the _Metathorax_[1015].
b ELYTRA (the _Elytra_). The _upper_ organs for flight, when
they are without nervures, and uniformly of a thicker harder
substance than membrane whether corneous, or coriaceous; lined
by a fine membrane; and when closed, united by the longitudinal
suture[1016]. They include the _Axis_, _Sutura_, _Epipleura_,
_Alula_, and _Hypoderma_, and are peculiar to the _Coleoptera_
and _Dermaptera_.
_A_ AXIS (the _Axis_). A small, prominent, irregular process of
the base of the _Elytrum_, upon which it turns, and by the
intervention of which it is affixed to the _Dorsolum_, in the
anterior wing-socket[1017].
_B_ SUTURA (the _Suture_). The conflux of the sutural or inner
margins of the two _Elytra_, where when closed they unite
longitudinally[1018].
_C_ EPIPLEURA (the _Epipleura_). The inflexed accessory margin
observable underneath in many _Elytra_, which covers the sides
of the alitrunk and abdomen[1019].
_D_ ALULA (the _Winglet_). A small, membranous, wing-like
appendage, attached to the _Elytrum_ on one side and the
_Frænum_ on the other; which probably serves to prevent the
dislocation of the former[1020].--Ex. _Dytiscus_. N. B. _A
similar organ for a similar purpose is to be found in_ Blatta
_and the_ Diptera.
_E_ HYPODERMA (the _Hypoderma_). The skin, in some species
beautifully coloured, that lines the _Elytra_[1021]. N. B.
_This skin is also found in some_ Hemelytra, _but not in_
Tegmina.
c TEGMINA (the _Tegmina_). The upper organs of flight, when
of a uniform coriaceous or pergameneous texture, veined
with nervures, and lapping over each other[1022]. Ex.
_Orthoptera_[1023].
d HEMELYTRA (the _Hemelytra_). The upper organs of flight, when
they are corneous or coriaceous at the base and membranous
at the apex[1024].--Ex. The _heteropterous Hemiptera_. They
include the _Corium_ and _Membrana_.
_A_ CORIUM (the _Corium_). The corneous or coriaceous part of the
_Hemelytrum_[1025].
_B_ MEMBRANA (the _Membrane_). The membranous part of the
same[1026].
e ALÆ SUPERIORES vel PRIMARIÆ (the _Upper_ or _Primary Wings_).
The upper or anterior organs of flight when formed of membrane,
or of the same substance with the under-wings[1027]. They
include the _Axes_, _Areæ_, _Areolæ_, _Neuræ_, _Stigma_,
_Parastigma_, and _Lobuli_.
_A_ AXES (the _Axes_). Several osseous or horny pieces, by which
the wing is connected with the _Dorsolum_[1028]. One usually to
each area.
_B_ AREÆ (the _Areas_). The larger longitudinal spaces into
which the wing may be divided[1029]. They include the _Area
Costalis_, _Intermedia_, and _Analis_.
_a_ AREA COSTALIS (the _Costal Area_). That part of the wing lying
between the anterior margin and the post-costal nervure[1030].
In _Hymenoptera_ and _Diptera_ it includes all the space
bounded by the nervures that spring from the postcostal.
_b_ AREA INTERMEDIA (the _Intermediate Area_). That part of the
wing lying between the costal area and the interno-medial
nervure, in _Diptera_; or the _Anal_ in _Orthoptera_,
_Hemiptera_, _Hymenoptera_, &c.[1031]
_c_ AREA ANALIS (the _Anal Area_). All that part of the wing which
in _Diptera_ lies between the internomedial nervure; or in
_Orthoptera_, &c. between the anal nervure and the posterior
margin[1032].
_C_ AREOLÆ (the _Areolets_). The smaller spaces into which the
wing is divided by the nervures. They include the _Areolæ
Basilares_, _Mediæ_, and _Apicales_.
_a_ AREOLÆ BASILARES (the _Basal Areolets_). The parallel areolets
of the base of the wing[1033].
_b_ AREOLÆ MEDIÆ (the _Middle Areolets_). The areolets of the wing
that lie between the basal areolets and the apical[1034].
_c_ AREOLÆ APICALES (the _Apical Areolets_). Those areolets of the
wing that terminate in or very near the apex[1035].
_D_ NEURÆ (the _Nervures_). Corneous tubes, for expanding
the wing and keeping it tense, and to afford protection
to the air-vessels--commonly called the _Nerves_. They
include the _Neura Costalis_, _Postcostalis_, _Mediastina_,
_Externo-media_, _Interno-media_, _Analis_, _Axillaris_, and
_Spuria_.
_a_ NEURA COSTALIS (the _Costal Nervure_). The first principal
nervure of the wing, close to or forming the anterior margin
in _Lepidoptera_, _Hymenoptera_, and _Diptera_; but sometimes
remote from it in _Tegmina_[1036]. It includes the _Phialum_
and _Hamus_.
α PHIALUM (the _Phial_). A little bag to receive fluid at
the will of the insect, by which the weight of the wing
is increased. It is found also in the under-wings in
_Coleoptera_[1037].
β HAMUS (the _Hook_). A Hook fixed to the _Costal Nervure_, near
its base on the under-side, in the wings of some _Lepidoptera_,
in which the tendon runs[1038].
_b_ NEURA POSTCOSTALIS (the _Postcostal Nervure_). The second
principal, and often strongest, nervure of the wing[1039]. It
includes the _Neuræ Subcostales_.
α NEURÆ SUBCOSTALES (the _Subcostal Nervures_). Nervures
springing from the under-side of the postcostal nervure, or
from each other; called the _first_, _second_, _third_, &c. in
the order of their occurrence[1040].
_c_ NEURA MEDIASTINA (_Mediastinal Nervure_). A usually slender
nervure, springing from near the base of the postcostal;
between which and the costal it intervenes. In the _Lepidoptera
Diurna_, however, it is often a strong nervure[1041].
_d_ NEURA EXTERNO-MEDIA (the _Externo-medial Nervure_). The _third_
principal nervure of the wing[1042]. It includes the _Neura
Subexterno-media_.
α NEURA SUBEXTERNO-MEDIA (the _Subexterno-medial Nervure_).
A nervure that in some cases intervenes between the
externo-medial and interno-medial[1043].
_e_ NEURA INTERNO-MEDIA (_the Interno-medial Nervure_). The
_fourth_ principal nervure[1044]. It includes the _Neura
Subinterno-media_.
α NEURA SUBINTERNO-MEDIA (the _Subinterno-medial Nervure_). A
nervure that sometimes intervenes between the externo-medial
and the anal[1045].
_f_ NEURA ANALIS (the _Anal Nervure_). The principal nervure
nearest the interior or posterior margin, with which it
includes a space often subtriangular, traversed in most
_Diptera_ and many _Hymenoptera_ by another nervure; and in
many _Tegmina_ and _Hemelytra_ by several[1046]. In these kinds
of upper-wing it is in many cases accompanied by a fold; and
the part between it and the interior margin seems often capable
of separate motion.
_g_ NEURA AXILLARIS (the _Axillary Nervure_). The short nervure,
where there is only one, intervening between the anal nervure
and the interior margin; replaced in some _Muscidæ_ by a
spurious nervure[1047].
_h_ NEURÆ SPURIÆ (the _Spurious Nervures_). Very obsolete nervures,
sometimes found in addition to those usually occurring; as in
_Syrphus_[1048].
_E_ STIGMA (the _Stigma_). A corneous spot or plate, supposed to
contain fluid, in the anterior margin of the upper wings;
often produced by the conflux of the costal and postcostal
nervures[1049].
_F_ PARASTIGMA (the _Parastigma_). A corneous spot between the
costal and postcostal nervures, distinct from the _Stigma_
observable in the _Libellulina_.
_G_ LOBULI (_Lobuli_). One or more rounded portions of the base of
the wing, separated from the rest by fissures peculiar to the
_Muscidæ_, and the under-wings of some _Hymenoptera_[1050].
f TEGULÆ (the _Tegulæ_). Small corneous concavo-convex scales,
which in many Orders, particularly _Hymenoptera_, cover and
defend the base of the _Upper-Wings_[1051].
D SCUTELLUM (the _Scutellum_). A piece, usually triangular, which
follows the _Dorsolum_; and in _Coleoptera_ is often only a
continuation of it--placed between the base of the _Elytra_ or
upper-wings[1052].
E FRÆNUM (the _Frænum_). A piece that lies under the lateral
margin of the _Scutellum_ and _Dorsolum_, or is adjacent to it;
and which in many cases connects with the base of the upper
organs of flight, so as to prevent their dislocation, by being
pushed too far outwards[1053].
F PNYSTEGA (the _Pnystega_). A corneous scale or plate, which
covers certain pneumatic vessels, usually supported by the
_Scapularia_, in _Libellulina_, &c. becoming dorsal[1054].
2. MEDIPECTUS (the _Mid-breast_). The underside of the _first_
segment of the alitrunk[1055]. It includes the _Peristethium_,
_Scapularia_, _Mesosternum_, _Medifurca_, and _Pedes
Intermedii_.
A PERISTETHIUM (the _Peristethium_). The anterior piece of the
_Medipectus_, which intervenes between the _Brachia_ and
mid-legs[1056].
B SCAPULARIA (the _Scapulars_). Two pieces, one on each side the
_Medipectus_, which succeed the _Peristethium_, and lie between
the midlegs and the _Pteropega_ or wing-socket[1057]. It
includes the _Spiracula Scapularia_.
a. SPIRACULA SCAPULARIA (the _Scapular Spiracles_). Two spiracles
observable, one in each scapular, in _Acrida laurifolia_, &c.
C MESOSTERNUM (the _Mid-breastbone_). The elevated and central
part of the _Medipectus_, between the midlegs, often
terminating anteriorly in a mucro; sometimes, as in _Elater_,
in a cavity, receiving the mucro of the _Prosternum_[1058].
D MEDIFURCA (the _Medifurca_). A branching vertical process of
the _Endosternum_, which serves as the point of attachment to
the muscles that move the midlegs[1059].
E PEDES INTERMEDII (the _Mid-legs_). The intermediate pair of
legs, consisting of the same parts as the posterior legs[1060].
3. METATHORAX (the _Metathorax_). The posterior segment of
the _Alitruncus_[1061]. It includes the _Mesophragma_,
_Postdorsolum_, _Postscutellum_, _Postfrænum_, _Pleuræ_, and
_Metaphragma_.
a MESOPHRAGMA (the _Mesophragm_). A partition of a firm
consistence, connected by its posterior margin with the
_Postdorsolum_, and passing down vertically into the mid-chest;
serving as a point of attachment to several of the muscles
that move the wings[1062]. This, with the prophragm, forms the
anterior cavity of the alitrunk, and with the metaphragm it
forms the posterior cavity.
b POSTDORSOLUM (the _Postdorsolum_). The middle-piece between the
mesophragm and the _Postscutellum_. In _Coleoptera_ it consists
of a tense elastic membrane, which is quite covered by the
_Mesothorax_[1063].
c POSTSCUTELLUM (the _Postscutellum_). A narrow channel running
from the _Dorsolum_ to the _Abdomen_ in _Coleoptera_, forming
an isosceles triangle reversed. In other orders it is either a
triangular elevation of the middle of the posterior part of the
_Postdorsolum_, or a distinct triangular piece[1064].
d POSTFRÆNUM (the _Postfrænum_). In _Coleoptera_ the part of the
_Metathorax_ in which the _Postscutellum_ lies, at first nearly
horizontal, but posteriorly it takes a vertical direction
towards the abdomen. In general it may be defined, the part
that intervenes between the _Postscutellum_ and the _Abdomen_;
and which in many cases is connected with the posterior basal
margin of the under-wings, and prevents their being pushed too
far forwards[1065].
e PLEURÆ (the _Pleuræ_). The space behind the scapulars, on which
the lower organs of flight are fixed[1066]. They include the
_Alæ Inferiores_.
_A_ ALÆ INFERIORES (the _Under-wings_). The lower or secondary pair
of organs for flight[1067]. They include the _Commissura_,
_Tendo_, _Hamuli_, _Pterygium_, _Alula_, and _Halteres_.
_a_ COMMISSURA (the _Commissura_). A joint in the costal nervure
of the wings of _Coleoptera_, where they bend to take a
transverse fold[1068].
_b_ TENDO (the _Tendon_). A strong bristle, or bristles
observable at the base underneath in the under-wings of
many _Lepidoptera_, which plays in the _Hamus_ of the
upper-wings[1069].
_c_ HAMULI (the _Hooklets_). Very minute hooks in the middle of the
anterior margin, observable in some _Hymenoptera_, by which the
under-wing is fixed to the upper, to cause both to act as one
organ in flight[1070].
_d_ PTERYGIUM (the _Pterygium_). In under-wings this is a small
wing-like appendage, fixed at the base of the wing in some
_Lepidoptera_[1071].
_e_ ALULA (the _Winglet_). A small concavo-convex scarious
appendage, fixed behind the wings at their base, in many
_Diptera_[1072].
_f_ HALTERES (the _Poisers_). Small capitate processes or organs,
observable under the wings of _Diptera_, attended by a
spiracle[1073].
_B_ METAPNYSTEGA (the _Metapnystega_). A corneous scale or lamina
that covers the pneumatic organs in the _Metathorax_, situated
sometimes in the _Pleuræ_, as in the _Coleoptera_; at others in
the _Postfrænum_, as in _Tenthredo_ L.; and sometimes, as in
the _Libellulina_, between that part and the abdomen[1074].
_C_ METAPHRAGMA (the _Metaphragm_). A nearly vertical septum or
partition, attached behind to the _Postfrænum_, and usually
deeply cleft at its apex in _Coleoptera_, of a rather horny
consistence, which forms the upper separation of the second
cavity of the Alitrunk from that of the _Abdomen_[1075]. It
affords a point of attachment for many muscles of both alitrunk
and abdomen. It includes the _Septula_.
_a_ SEPTULA (the _Septula_). The lesser ridges and partitions
raised on the surfaces of the metaphragm, and on those of
other parts of the cavities of the trunk, serving as points of
attachment to various muscles[1076].
4. POSTPECTUS (the _Postpectus_). The underside of the _second_
segment of the alitrunk[1077]. It includes the _Mesostethium_,
_Parapleuræ_, _Metasternum_, _Postfurca_, _Opercula_, and
_Pedes Postici_.
A MESOSTETHIUM (the _Mesostethium_). A central piece between the
intermediate and posterior legs, and bounded laterally in
_Coleoptera_ by the _Parapleuræ_--along the middle of which,
where it exists, the _Metasternum_ runs[1078].
B PARAPLEURÆ (the _Parapleuræ_). Two pieces, one on each side
of the _Postpectus_, included between the _Scapularia_,
_Mesostethium_, and _Pleuræ_[1079]. They include the _Spiracula
Parapleuritica_.
a SPIRACULA PARAPLEURITICA (the _Parapleuritic Spiracles_). Two
spiracles, one in each of the _Parapleuræ_ of _Tetyra_[1080].