Trial and Error

A higher note is struck in the behaviour of some more highly endowed

monkeys. In many experiments, chiefly in the way of getting into boxes

difficult to open, there is evidence (1) of attentive persistent

experiment (2) of the rapid elimination of ineffective movements, and

(3) of remembering the solution when it was discovered. Kinnaman taught

two macaques the Hampton Court Maze, a feat which probably means a

memory of movements, and we get an interesting glimpse in his

observation that they began to smack their lips audibly when they

reached the latter part of their course, and began to feel, dare one

say, "We are right this time."

In getting into "puzzle-boxes" and into "combination-boxes" (where the

barriers must be overcome in a definite order), monkeys learn by the

trial and error method much more quickly than cats and dogs do, and a

very suggestive fact emphasized by Professor Thorndike is "a process of

sudden acquisition by a rapid, often apparently instantaneous

abandonment of the unsuccessful movements and selection of the

appropriate one, which rivals in suddenness the selections made by human

beings in similar performances." A higher note still was sounded by one

of Thorndike's monkeys which opened a puzzle-box at once, eight months

after his previous experience with it. For here was some sort of

registration of a solution.

The Outline of Science, Vol. 1 (of 4) A Plain Story Simply Told · 第 393 / 470 题