to sea, and, after passing a desolate and rocky island, arrived at
another island, where they anchored. This was one of considerable size
and inhabited, and 300 stadia distant from Harmozeia, the harbour
which they had last left. The desert island was called Organa, and
that where they anchored Oarakta.[89] It produced vines, palm-trees,
and corn. Its length is 800 stadia. Mazênês, the chief of this island,
accompanied them all the way to Sousa, having volunteered to act as
pilot of the fleet. The natives of the island professed to point out
the tomb of the very first sovereign of the country, whose name they
said was Erythrês, after whom the sea in that part of the world was
called the Erythræan.[90] Weighing thence their course lay along the
island, and they anchored on its shores at a place whence another
island was visible at a distance of about 40 stadia. They learned that
it was sacred to Poseidon, and inaccessible.[91] Next morning, as they
were putting out to sea, the ebb-tide caught them with such violence
that three of the galleys were stranded on the beach, and the rest of
the fleet escaped with difficulty from the surf into deep water. The
stranded vessels were however floated off at the return of the tide,
and the day after rejoined the fleet. They anchored at another island
distant from the mainland somewhere about 300 stadia, after running
a course of 400 stadia. Towards daybreak they resumed the voyage,
passing a desert island which lay on their left, called Pylora, and
anchored at Sisidone, a small town which could supply nothing but water
and fish.[92] Here again the natives were fish eaters, for the soil
was utterly sterile. Having taken water on board, they weighed again,
and having run 300 stadia, anchored at Tarsia, the extremity of a
cape which projects far into the sea. The next place of anchorage was
Kataia, a desert island, and very flat.[93] It was said to be sacred to
Hermês and Aphroditê. The length of this course was 300 stadia. To this
island sheep and goats are annually sent by the people of the adjoining
continent who consecrate them to Hermês and Aphroditê. These animals
were to be seen running about in a wild state, the effect of time and
the barren soil.
XXXVIII. Karmania extends as far as this island, but the parts beyond
appertain to Persia. The extent of the Karmanian coast was 3,700
stadia.[94] The people of this province live like the Persians, on
whom they border, and they have similar weapons and a similar military
system. When the fleet left the sacred island, its course lay along
the coast of Persis, and it first drew to land at a place called Ila,
where there is a harbour under cover of a small and desert island
called Kaikander.[95] The distance run was 400 stadia. Towards daybreak
they came to another island which was inhabited, and anchored thereon.
Nearkhos notices that there is here a fishery for pearl as there is in
the Indian Sea.[96] Having sailed along the shores of the promontory in
which this island terminates, a distance of about 40 stadia, they came
to an anchor upon its shores. The next anchorage was in the vicinity
of a lofty hill called Okhos, where the harbour was well sheltered
and the inhabitants were fishermen.[97] Weighing thence they ran a
course of 400 stadia, which brought them to Apostana, where they
anchored. At this station they saw a great many boats, and learned that
at a distance of 60 stadia from the shore there was a village. From
Apostana they weighed at night, and proceeded 400 stadia to a bay, on
the borders of which many villages were to be seen. Here the fleet
anchored under the projection of a cape which rose to a considerable
height.[98] Palm-trees and other fruit-bearing trees similar to those
of Greece, adorned the country round. On weighing thence they sailed in
a line with the coast, and after a course of somewhere about 600 stadia
reached Gôgana, which was an inhabited place, where they anchored at
the mouth of a winter torrent called the Areôn. It was difficult to
anchor, for the approach to the mouth of the river was by a narrow
channel, since the ebbing of the tide had left shoals which lay all
round in a circle.[99] Weighing thence they gained, after running as
many as 800 stadia, the mouth of another river called the Sitakos,
where also it was troublesome to anchor. Indeed all along the coast
of Persis the fleet had to be navigated through shoals and breakers
and oozy channels. At the Sitakos they took on board a large supply
of provisions, which under orders from the king had been collected
expressly for the fleet. They remained at this station one-and-twenty
days in all, occupied in repairing and kareening the ships, which had
been drawn on shore for the purpose.[100]
XXXIX. Weighing thence they came to an inhabited district with a town
called Hieratis, after accomplishing a distance of 750 stadia. They
anchored in a canal which drew its waters from a river and emptied into
the sea, and was called Heratemis.[101] Weighing next morning about
sunrise, and sailing by the shore, they reached a winter torrent called
the Padargos, where the whole place was a peninsula, wherein were many
gardens and all kinds of trees that bear fruit. The name of the place
was Mesambria.[102] Weighing from Mesambria and running a course of
about 200 stadia, they reach Taôkê on the river Granis, and there
anchor. Inland from this lay a royal city of the Persians, distant from
the mouths of the river about 200 stadia.[103] We learn from Nearkhos
that on their way to Taôkê a stranded whale had been observed from
the fleet, and that a party of the men having rowed alongside of it,
measured it and brought back word that it had a length of 50 cubits.
Its skin, they added, was clad with scales to a depth of about a
cubit, and thickly clustered over with parasitic mussels, barnacles,
and seaweed. The monster, it was also noticed, was attended by a great
number of dolphins, larger than are ever seen in the Mediterranean.
Weighing from Taôkê they proceeded to Rhogonis, a winter torrent, where
they anchored in a safe harbour.[104] The course thither was one of
200 stadia. Weighing thence, and running 400 stadia, they arrived at
another winter torrent, called Brizana, where they land and form an
encampment. They had here difficulty in anchoring because of shoals and
breakers and reefs that showed their heads above the sea. They could
therefore enter the roads only when the tide was full; when it receded,
the ships were left high and dry.[105] They weighed with the next flood
tide, and came to anchor at the mouth of a river called the Arosis, the
greatest, according to Nearkhos, of all the rivers that in the course
of his voyage fell into the outer ocean.[106]
XL. The Arosis marks the limit of the possessions of the Persians, and
divides them from the Susians. Above the Susians occurs an independent
race called the Uxians, whom I have described in my other work (_Anab._
VII. 15, 3) as robbers. The length of the Persian coast is 4,400
stadia. Persis, according to general report, has three different
climates,[107] for that part of it which lies along the Erythræan sea,
is sandy and barren from the violence of the heat, while the part
which succeeds enjoys a delightful temperature, for there the mountains
stretch towards the pole and the North wind, and the region is clothed
with verdure and has well-watered meadows, and bears in profusion the
vine and every fruit else but the olive, while it blooms with gardens
and pleasure parks of all kinds, and is permeated with crystal streams
and abounds with lakes, and lake and stream alike are the haunts of
every variety of water-fowl, and it is also a good country for horses
and other yoke cattle, being rich in pasture, while it is throughout
well-wooded and well-stocked with game. The part, however, which lies
still further to the North is said to be bleak and cold, and covered
with snow, so that, as Nearkhos tells us, certain ambassadors from the
Euxine Sea, after a very brief journey, met Alexander marching forward
to Persis, whereat Alexander being greatly surprised, they explained
to him how very inconsiderable the distance was.[108] 1 have already
stated that the immediate neighbours to the Susians are the Uxians,
just as the Mardians, a race of robbers, are next neighbours to the
Persians, and the Kossaeans to the Medes. All these tribes Alexander
subdued, attacking them in the winter time when their country was, as
they imagined, inaccessible. He then founded cities to reclaim them
from their wandering life, and encouraged them to till their lands
and devote themselves to agriculture. At the same time he appointed
magistrates armed with the terrors of the law to prevent them having
recourse to violence in the settlement of their quarrels. On weighing
from the Arosis the expedition coasted the shores of the Susians. The
remainder of the voyage, Nearkhos says, he cannot describe with the
same precision; he can but give the names of the stations and the
length of the courses, for the coast was full of shoals and beset with
breakers which spread far out to sea, and made the approach to land
dangerous. The navigation thereafter was of course almost entirely
restricted to the open sea. In mentioning their departure from the
mouth of the river where they had encamped on the borders of Persis, he
states that they took there on board a five days’ supply of water, as
the pilots had brought to their notice that none could be procured on
the way.
XLI. A course of 500 stadia having been accomplished, their
next anchorage was in an estuary, which swarmed with fish,
called Kataderbis, at the entrance of which lay an island called
Margastana.[109], They weighed at daybreak, the ships sailing out in
single file through shoals. The direction of the shoal was indicated
by stakes fixed both on the right and the left side, just as posts
are erected as signals of danger in the passage between the island of
Leukadia and Akarnania to prevent vessels grounding on the shoals.
The shoals of Leukadia, however, are of firm sand, and it is thus
easy to float off vessels should they happen to strand, but in this
passage there is a deep mud on both sides of such tenacity that if
vessels once touched the bottom, they could not by any appliances
be got off; for, if they thrust poles into the mud to propel the
vessels, these found no resistance or support, and the people who got
overboard to ease them off into navigable water found no footing, but
sunk in the mud higher than the waist. The fleet proceeded 600 stadia,
having such difficulties of navigation to contend with, and then came
to an anchor, each crew remaining in their own vessel, and taking
their repast on board. From this anchorage they weighed in the night,
sailing on in deep water till about the close of the ensuing day, when,
after completing a course of 900 stadia, they dropped anchor at the
mouth of the Euphrates near a town in Babylonia called Diridôtis—the
emporium of the sea-borne trade in frankincense and all the other
fragrant productions of Arabia.[110] The distance from the mouth of the
Euphrates up stream to Babylon is, according to Nearkhos, 3,300 stadia.
XLII. Here intelligence having been received that Alexander was
marching towards Sousa, they retraced their course from Diridôtis so as
to join him by sailing up the Pasitigris. They had now Sousis on their
left hand, and were coasting the shores of a lake into which the Tigris
empties itself, a river, which flowing from Armenia past Nineveh, a
city once of yore great and flourishing, encloses between itself and
the Euphrates the tract of country which from its position between the
two rivers is called Mesopotamia. It is a distance of 600 stadia from
the entrance into the lake up to the river’s mouth at Aginis, a village
in the province of Sousis, distant from the city of Sousa 500 stadia.
The length of the voyage along the coast of the Sousians to the mouth
of the Pasitigris was 2,000 stadia.[111] Weighing from the mouth of
this river they sailed up its stream through a fertile and populous
country, and having proceeded 150 stadia dropped anchor, awaiting the
return of certain messengers whom Nearkhos had sent off to ascertain
where the king was. Nearkhos then presented sacrifices to the gods
their preservers, and celebrated games, and full of gladness were the
hearts of all that had taken part in the expedition. The messengers
having returned with tidings that Alexander was approaching, the fleet
resumed its voyage up the river, and anchored near the bridge by which
Alexander intended to lead his army to Sousa. In that same place the
troops were reunited, when sacrifices wore offered by Alexander for
the preservation of his ships and his men, and games were celebrated.
Nearkhos, whenever he was seen among the troops, was decorated by them
with garlands and pelted with flowers. There also both Nearkhos and
Leonnatos were crowned by Alexander with golden diadems—Nearkhos for
the safety of the expedition by sea, and Leonnatos for the victory
which he had gained over the +Oreitai+ and the neighbouring
barbarians. It was thus that the expedition which had begun its voyage
from the mouths of the Indus was brought in safety to Alexander.
XLIII. Now[112] the parts which lie to the right of the
+Erythræan[113] Sea+ beyond the realms of Babylonia belong
principally to +Arabia+, which extends in one direction as far
as the sea that washes the shores of +Phœnikia+ and +Syrian
Palestine+, while towards sunset it borders on the Egyptians in
the direction of the +Mediterranean Sea+. Egypt is penetrated
by a gulf which extends up from the great ocean, and as this ocean
is connected with the +Erythræan Sea+, this fact proves that a
voyage could be made all the way from +Babylon+ to +Egypt+ by
means of this gulf. But, owing to the heat and utter sterility of the
coast, no one has ever made this voyage, except, it may be, some chance
navigator. For the troops belonging to the army of +Kambysês+,
which escaped from +Egypt+, and reached +Sousa+ in safety,
and the troops sent by +Ptolemy+, the son of Lagos, to +Seleukos
Nikatôr+ to +Babylon+, traversed the Arabian isthmus in eight
days altogether.[114] It was a waterless and sterile region, and they
had to cross it mounted on swift camels carrying water, travelling
only by night, the heat by day being so fierce that they could not
expose themselves in the open air. So far are the parts lying beyond
this region, which we have spoken of as an isthmus extending from
the +Arabian Gulf+ to the +Erythræan Sea+ from being
inhabited, that even the parts which run up further to the north are
a desert of sand. Moreover, men setting forth from the +Arabian
Gulf+ in +Egypt+, after having sailed round the greater part of
+Arabia+ to reach the sea which washes the shores of +Persis+
and +Sousa+, have returned, after sailing as far along the
coast of Arabia as the water they had on board lasted them, and no
further. The exploring party again which +Alexander+ sent from
+Babylon+ with instructions to sail as far as they could along the
right-hand coast of the +Erythræan Sea+, with a view to examine
the regions lying in that direction, discovered some islands lying
in their route, and touched also at certain points of the mainland
of +Arabia+. But as for that cape which Nearkhos states to have
been seen by the expedition projecting into the sea right opposite to
+Karmania+, there is no one who has been able to double it and
gain the other side. But if the place could possibly be passed, either
by sea or by land, it seems to me that Alexander, being so inquisitive
and enterprising, would have proved that it could be passed in both
these ways. But again +Hanno+ the +Libyan+, setting out
from +Carthage+, sailed out into the ocean beyond the Pillars of
+Hercules+, having +Libya+ on his left hand, and the time
until his course was shaped towards the rising sun was five-and-thirty
days; but when he steered southward he encountered many difficulties
from the want of water, from the scorching heat, and from streams of
fire that fell into the sea. +Kyrênê+, no doubt, which is situated
in a somewhat barren part of +Libya+, is verdant, possessed of a
genial climate, and well watered, has groves and meadows, and yields
abundantly all kinds of useful animals and vegetable products. But
this is only the case up to the limits of the area within which the
fennel-plant can grow, while beyond this area the interior of Kyrênê is
but a desert of sand.
So ends my narrative relating to +Alexander+, the son of Philip
the Makedonian.
INDEX.
CHIEFLY GEOGRAPHICAL.
_Abbreviations._—B. Bay, C. Cape, G. Gulf, Is. Island or Islands, M.
Mountain, R. River.
Common names are printed in Italics. Many proper names which in the
usual orthography begin with C, will be found under K.
A Page
Abalitês, 51, 54, 55, 57
Aberia or Abiria, 113
Abhira, 114
_Abolla_, 38
Abu-Fatima C., 43
Abu-Shahr, _see_ Bushire.
Acharê, 129
Adel, 53
Aden, _see_ Eudaimôn-Arabia.
Adouli, 12-39 _passim_, 45-49
Adramitae, 87
Agbor R., 177 n.
Aginis, 161, 220, 221 n.
Agriophagoi, 43
Agrisa, _see_ Agrispolis.
Agrispolis, 194 n.
Abile C., 59
Ahwaz, 161
Aigialos, 126
Aigidioi, 130
Aii, 134, 139
Akabah G., 74
Akabarou, 127
Akannai, 21, 54, 58, 59
Akesinês R. (Chenâb R.), 150, 170, 171
Alabagium C., _see_ Alambator.
_Alabaster_, 34
Alalaiou Is., 48, 49
Alambator C., 191 n.
Alexander, Port of, _see_ Karâchi.
Alexander the Great, _passim_.
Alexandria, 76
_Aloes_, 15, 93, 94
Anamis R., 159 n., 202 n., 207
Ananis R., _see_ Anamis R.
Andanis R., _see_ Anamis R.
Angediva Is., 130
Anger Is., 210 n.
Annesley B., 45, 48, 49
Antarah C., 68
Antigonê, 41
Aparântikâ, 113
Apokopa, 62, 65, 66, 67
Apollodotos, 121
Apollophanês, 182 n.
Apologos, 10-38 _passim_., 103, 104
Apostana, 212 n., 213
Arabah C. & B., 106, 187
Arabii, 177 n.
Arakhosioi, 121, 186, 208 n.
Arâstrâs or Aratti, 121
Aratrioi, 120
Arbitae, 106
Areôn R., 213 n.
Argalou, 14, 29, 140
Argaric G., 142
Argeirou, 142
Argyre Is., 147
Ariakê, 13-39 _passim_., 52, 64, 112, 114
Ariakê Sadinôn, 127
Arii, 121, 186
Arkhias, 169, 191, 192
Armagara, 129
Aroatis R., _see_ Arosis R.
Arômata C., 59, 62, 91, 138
Arômata (a mart), 59
Arosapes R., 183 n.
Arosis R., 160, 216 n., 218
_Arsenic_, 30
Arsinoê (Suez), 39, 40
Arsinoê (in Barbaria), 50
Arusaces R., _see_ Arosapes R.
Asaboi M., 102, 103
Asîdah C., 86
Asikh, 98
Asir C., 58-60
Asmak, 46
Astakapra, 115, 117
Astola or Ashtola Is., 188 n.
Atramitae, _see_ Adramitae.
Attanae, 84, 85
Aualités, 12-37 _passim_., 50, 53, 83
Aurangâbâd, 125
Ausera, 95
Auxumê, 46
Axum, _see_ Auxumê.
Axumitae, 5, 48
Azania (Ajan), 1-144 _passim_.
Azania, Courses of, 62, 66, 67
B
Bab-el Mandab Straits, 83
Babylon, 219, 221 n., 222
Badera or Bodera, _see_ Barna.
Badis, 181, 200
Baghwar Dasti R., 193 n.
Bagia C., 193
Bagisara, 106, 187
Bagradas R., 212 n., 213 n., 215 n.
Bahar R., 179 n.
Bahrein Is., 103
Baiônês Is., 116
Bakare, 131, 134
Bakkar, 109
Baktria, 12, 148
Baktrianoi, 121
Ba-l-hâf C., 87
Balita, 140
Balômon, 190
Baltipatna, 129
Bammala, 140
Bandâ R., 129
Bandar Barthe, 58
Bandel-caus C., 62
Bankut, 129
Banna, 63
Barakê G., 111, 112
Barbara, _see_ Berbera.
Barbarei, 108
Barbaria, 42, 43, 62
Barbarikon, 12-38 _passim_, 108, 115
Bargusoi, 145
Baricaza, 57
Barna, 190
Barousai, 145
Barugaza, 10, 39 _passim_, 64, 78, 88, 96, 116-120
Barugaza G., 112, 117
Basra, 103
Batinah, 100, 101
_Bdellium_, 16
Becare, 131, 134
Bênda R., 128
Berbera, 58
Berenîkê, 1, 3, 9, 41, 42, 74, 75, 78
Berenîkê (in Barbaria), 50
Betel, 23, 25
Bharoch, _see_ Barugaza.
Bhaunagar, 115
Bhusâl R., _see_ Tomêros R.
Bibakta Is., 159, 177
Biblos Is., _see_ Bibakta Is.
Binagara, _see_ Minnagar.
Birkeh, 100
Bombarak C., 200
Bonah, 59
Bore (of rivers), 119, 120, 157
Boshavir R., _see_ Kisht.
Boukephalos Alexandreia, 121
_Brass_, 31
Brisoana R., 214 n., 215 n.
Brizana R., 216 n.
Brokt Is., 202 n.
Bubian Is., 219
Bunah Is., 218
Bunth R., 194 n.
Burnt Island, 78
Busheab Is., 212 n.
_Butter_, 12
Buzantion, 127, 129
C
Cael, 141
Caelobothras, 6, 131
Calaeou Insulae, 101
Calcutta, 20
_Cannibals_, 146
Canary Is., 20
Carfouna, 57
Carthage, 223
Ceylon, _see_ Taprobanê.
Chaubar B., 193 n.
Chauggan, 148
Chaul, 113, 128
Chênval, 128
Chewabad, _see_ Churber.
Chimûla, 128 n.
China, 188 n.
Choaspes R., 220 n.
Choda R., 129
Chryse Is., 147
_Chrysolite_, 37
Churber B., 190 n.
_Cinnabar_, 15, 19, 94
_Cinnamon_, 18, 19
Coast Little and Great, 66
Colcis Indorum, 141
Comorin C., 125, 137, 139
_Copper_, 32
Cottonara, 131
D
Dabil, 110
Dagasira, 194
Dahra Ahbân, 212 n.
Dakhan, 124
Dakhinabadês, 124
Dakshinâpatha, 124
Damirike, 126
Damnia Is., 160
Daphnôn, 59
Daphnous, 53, 61
Debal, 129
Deirê or Dêrê, 51, 54, 60
Deimakhos, 154
Delgado C., 73
Dendrobosa, 190
Ḍeri Is., 218 n.
Desarênê, 12, 145
Dêvagiri or Deogarh, 125
Deymâniyeh Is., 100
Dhafur or Dofar, 80, 81, 97
_Diamonds_, 33
Dimurikê, 12-29 _passim_. 94, 96, 121, 126
Djerun Is., _see_ Ormus Is.,
Diodôros, Is., 47, 48
Diodôrus Is., _Perim_, 57, 82, 83
Dioskoridês Is., 15, 26, 27, 29, 91-93
Diospolis, 27, 34, 50, 53
Dîsâ, 16
Diset Is., _see_ Diodôros Is.
Domai Is., 178 n.
Dorak R., 218 n.
Dôsarôn R., 145
_Drachmai_, 121, 122
_Dragon’s-Blood_, 94
Drangiani, 186
E
Eden, 84
Eirinon G., 111
Eiros M., 158, 177, 178 n.
Elanitic Gulf, 9, 47, 74
El Bab Straits, 102
Eleazos, 87
Elephant C., 58
Elephant M., 54, 58, 61
Elephant R., 59
Elephantinê, 45
Elephantophagoi, 44, 51
Elisarôn, 81
El Kilhat, 101
Elurâ, 125
Epideirês, 57
Epiodôros, 14, 140, 142
_Epiphi_ (July), 64, 110, 124, 138
Er-rib Is., 44
Erythræan Sea—its extent, 1, 209 n., 222 n.,
why so called, 209 n.
Erythrês, 202 n., 209
Esan, 88
Essina, 67
Esvautgadh, 129
_Etesian Winds_, 138, 174 n.
Eudaimôn-Arabia (Aden), 6, 84-86, 138
Eulæus R., 103, 220 n., 161
Eumenês, Grove of, 57
Euphrates R., 10, 219, 220
Eynounah, 75
F
Fartak C., 10, 91, 95
Felix or Felles M., _see_ Elephant M.
Filik C., 58
Fillam C., 101
_Fluor-spath_, 34, 35
Foul Bay, 42
_Frankincense_, 21, 90, 97
Fuggem C., 194 n.
G
Galla, 66
Gandarioi, 121
Gangê, 14, 23, 25, 146
Ganges R., 146
Gaza (Bandar Gazim), 57
Gedrosia, 10, 16, 186, 199
Gêrsappa, Falls of, 130
Ghalla or Cella, 84
Ghâra R., 176 n.
Ghodabandar, 129
Ghubet-al-Kamar, 86
Ghunse C., 191
Girishk, 194 n.
_Glass_, 36, 37
Goa, 129
Goaris R., 127
Godâvarî R., 144
Godem C., 194 n.
Gôgana, 213 n.
_Gold_, 33
_Gold-stone_, 33, 122
Govind R., _see_ Juba R.
_Graai_ (_Alligators_), 108
Granis R., 215 n.
Guadel C., 106, 191
Guardafui C., 9, 10, 58
Guesele, 57
Gujarât, 34, 113, 114
Gwattar B., 193 n.
H
Hadâs R., 48
Hadhramaut, 21, 87
Hafûn C., 64, 65
Haidarâbâd, 156
Halanî Is., 87
Hanfelah B., 35, 49
Hanjam Is., _see_ Angar Is.
Hanno, 223
Harkânâ, 181 n.
Harmozeia, 159, 202 n.
Hâsek, 98, 99
Hassani Is., 75
Hastakavapra, _see_ Astakapra.
Hâthab, _see_ Astakapra.
Hauara, 75
Haur, 177 n.
Hazine (Ajan), 65, 66
Hejid, 77
Heroöpolite Gulf, 40
Heptanêsia, 130
Heratemis, 214
Hercules, Pillars of, 223
Herônê, 117
Hieratis, 214
Himaryi, 80
Hingal R., _see_ Tomêros R.
Hippalos, 5, 7, 10, 131, 135, 138
Hîppioprosôpoi, 146
Hippokoura, 128
Hisn Ghorab, 87, 88, 91
Homerites, 80, 81
Homnae, 84, 104
Honâvar or Onore, 130
Horitai, _see_ Oreitai.
Hormara B., _see_ Arabah B.
Hutemi, 77
Hwen-Thsang, 181 n.
_Hyacinth_, 36
Hydaspês R., 156, 168, 171
Hydrakês, 189
Hydriaces R., 193
Hydriakus, 189 n.
_Hyenas_, 124
I
Iambe, 41
_Ibis_, 61
Ikhthyophagi _passim_.
Ikhthyophagi of Mekran described, 195
Ila, 212
Inderabia Is., 212 n.
_Indigo_, 17
Indo-Skythia, 10, 25, 107
Indôr, 114
Indus R., 107 and _passim_.
_Iron_, 31
Isis R., 61
Istabel Antai, 75
J
_Jacinth_, 36
Jahsseb, 80
Jask C., 189, 199 n.
Jaygaḍh, 129
Jebel Sanâm M., 219 n.
Jerd Hafûn, 60
Jerim, 80
Jibba, 101
Jibûs Is., 87
Jifâtin Is., 40
Juba R., 66, 68, 70
Junnar, 125
K
Kabana, 181
Kabolitai, 123
Kâbul, 20, 123
Kachh, Gulf of, 111
Kaḍattanâḍu, 28, 132
Kaes or Keesh Is., 211 n.
Kaikander Is., 212 n.
Kaineitai, 130
Kakee R., _see_ Sitakos R.
Kalaiou Is., 100, 101
Kalama, 187
Kalami R., 180 n., 188 n., 189
Kalat C., 194 n.
Kalliena, 127
Kalon M., 101, 102
Kalpê, Straits of, 83
Kaltis, 147
Kalyâṇa, 127
Kalybi, _see_ Karbine.
Kamara, 141, 143
Kammôni, 117
Kanasis, 194
Kanate, 194
Kanê, 1-39 _passim_, 86, 88, 138
Kannettri, 131, 134
Kanraîtai, 77
Kanthatis, 200
Kara-Agach R., 160, 214 n.
Karâchi, 158, 176 n.
Karbinê, 188 n., 199 n.
Karbis, 189
Karmana, _see_ Kirman.
Karmania, 10, 35, 86, 199 n.
Karoura, 133
_Karpasos_, 18
Karpella C., 200
Karûn R., 103
Karun, 202 n.
Karûn R., 220
Kâśmîr, 20
Kaspian Sea, 148
Kassia, 18, 19
Kataderbis, 218 n.
Kataia Is., 211 n., 212 n.
Kâṭhiâvâḍ, 16
Kaumana, 158
Kaveripattam, 143
Kavery R., 143
Kâyal C., 141
Kenjan-fu, 148
Kenn Is., _see_ Kataia.
Kêprobotres, 6, 132
Kêrala, 131
Keralaputra, 132
Kerazi C., 200
Keroot, _see_ Kerazi C.
Keshin, 90
Kesmacoran (Mekran), 99
Khabêris, 143
Khabêros R., 143
Khambhât G., 95, 112, 116
Kharibaël, 7, 39, 80, 82
Khartan Is., 90
Kheil C., 65
Khersonêsos, the Golden., 15, 143, 146
Khersonêsos, in India, 129, 130
Khori R., 58
Kholaibos, 79
Khrusê Is., 146
Kilwa (Quiloa), 62, 72
Killouta Is., 157
Kirrhadia, 23, 145
Kirkê, 199
Kirman, 199 n.
Kissa, 189
Kishm Is., 202 n.
Kisht R., 215 n.
Kobê, 54
Koiamba, 180 n., 181 n.
Kôkala, 159, 182
_Kolandiophonta_, 142, 143
Kolatta-nâḍu, 132
Kôlis, 142
Kolkei, 144
Kolkhoi, 14, 138, 141
Kolöê, 48
Kolta, 187 n.
Kolum, 134
Komar C., 139
Kommana, 194 n.
Komta, 130
Konkan or Kanoun, 213 n.
Kôphas, 189 n., 191
Koppa C., _see_ Kôphas.
Koptos, 41, 42, 76
Koreatis, 158, 175
Korodamon C., 100
Korû C., 142
Kossaeans, 217
_Kostus_, 20
Koṭi, 142
Kottonara, 28, 132
Creophagoi, 60
Krishnâ R., 144
Krôkala Is., 158, 176
Kumârî (Durga), 140, 141
Kungoun, 194 n.
Kunokephali, 61
Kurmut R., 180 n.
Kurya Murya Is., 92, 99
Kyêneion, 48
Kyiza, 191, 193 n., 196
Kysa, _see_ Kissa.
Kyros, 213 n.
Kyrênê, 223, 229
L
_Lac_, 13
Lamnaios R. (Narmadâ R.), 116
Lamou Is., 68
Laccadive Is., 15
Lar-Desa, _see_ Larikê.
Larikê, 113
Laristan, 199 n.