----------------------------------------
509
+Two Consuls (Praetors) first appointed+
Darius Hystaspes 521-486
Aeschylus 525-456
_Lex Valeria_ establishes right of appeal
Pindar 518-_c._ 443
507
Rome taken by Etruscans under Porsena
Ionian Revolt 501-493
Heracleitus 500
498
+Latin War. Dictator first appointed.+
Miltiades at Athens 493-489
Simonides (Ceos) 490
Battle of _Lake Regillus_
Ionians defeated at Lade 494
494
First Session of the Plebs. _Tribuni Plebis_
Battle of Marathon 490
489
Volscian War (+Coriolanus+)
Aristides and Themistocles 490-470
Parmenides 490
486-5
Agrarian Law. Spurius Cassius put to death
Xerxes 485-465
Bacchylides 470
477
Destruction of the +Fabii+ at _Cremera_
Thermopylae. Salamis. Himera 480
Anaxagoras 460
458
War with Aequians--Battle of _Mt. Algidus_
Plataea (Pausanians). Mycale 479
Sophocles 496-406
Cincinnatus Dictator
Hiero I at Syracuse 478-467
Euripides 480-406
451
+First Decemvirate. Ten Tables+
Pericles at Athens 469-429
Herodotus _c._ 484-425
450
Second Decemvirate. Two new Tables. (+Appius Claudius+)
Cimon at Athens 466-449
_Phidias (Parthenon)_ 448
448
Second Secession of the Plebs, resulting in the _Valerio-Horatian_
Laws
Athenian defeat at Coronea 447
Empedocles 445
Ezra and Nehemiah _c._ 444
445
Military tribunes with consular power appointed
Athenian colony to Thurii 444
Era of the Sophists 440
(Gorgias, Protagoras)
443
Censors first appointed
439
Spurius Maelius killed
437
War with Etruscans. +Cossus+ wins _Spolia opima_ (2)
War of Corinth and Corcyra 435
Antiphon _c._ 480-411
424
Capua taken by the Samnites
Peloponnesian War 431-405
Thucydides _c._ 471-402
Sphacteria (Demosthenes, Cleon) 425
_Zeuxis_ }
_Parrhasius_} _painters_ _c._ 420
Alcibiades at Athens 424-404
Syracusan Expedition 415-413
Lysias _c._ 445-378
+406-396+
+War with Veii. Camillus Dictator+
Battle of Aegospotami 405
Aristophanes _c._ 450-385
406
Roman soldiers first receive pay
Lysander enters Athens 404
Cratinus 449
Critias and Thirty Tyrants 404
Eupolis 429
Democracy restored (Thrasybulus) 403
390
+Invasion of the Gauls+. Battle of the _Allia_
Artaxerxes II 405-359
Burning of Rome (+Brennus+)
Expedition of Cyrus the Younger (The _Anabasis_ of Xenophon) 401
+Manlius Capitolinus+. +Camillus+ _Parens Patriae_
Xenophon _c._ 430-355
_History based on documents begins_
Socrates condemned 399
Socrates 468-399
389
Rome rebuilt
Dionysius I of Syracuse, Wars of Syracuse and Carthage 405-368
Plato 420-348
Isocrates 436-338
376-366
+The Licinian Laws+
Pelopidas and Epaminondas (Thebes) 378-362
Isaeus 420-348
Supremacy of Thebes (Leuctra) 371
+First Plebeian Consul+
Death of Epaminondas (Mantinea) 362
First Praetor (Judge) appointed
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