originally published in Swedish, was translated by C. Linnæus into German,
under the following title: Reise nach den Spanischen Landern in Europa und
Amerika, 1751--56. Berlin, 1776. 8vo. It is chiefly valuable for its
natural history information.
121. Voyage en Amérique, en Italie, en Sicile, et en Egypte, 1816--19. 2
vols. 8vo.
122. The true Travels of Captain J. Smith in Europe, Asia, Africa, and
America, from 1593 to 1629. London, 1664. fol.--This work, like most of
the old travels, derives its principal value from enabling us to compare
the countries visited, and their inhabitants, with their present state; and
its principal interest from the personal adventures of the author. To such
works, as well as to minute biography, time gives a value and utility,
which they do not intrinsically possess.
123. Itinerarium Portugalensium e Lusitania in Indiam et inde in Occidentem
et demum ad Aquilonem, ab. Arch. Madrignan. 1508. fol.--Originally
published in Portuguese.
124. Josten, Reisebeschreibung durch die Turkey, Ungern, Polen, Reussen,
Bohemen, &c. neue Jerusalem, Ost und West Indien. Lubec, 1652. 4to.
125. Graaf, Reisen naer Asia, Africa, America, en Europa. Amsterdam, 1686.
8vo.
126. Historia y Viage del Mundo en los cincos Partes; de la Europa, Africa,
Asia, America y Magellanica. Par Levallos. Madrid, 1691. 4to.
127. John Ovington's Voyage to Surat, with a Description of the Islands of
Madeira and St. Helena. London, 1698. 8vo.
128. Le Bruyn's Voyage to the Levant. Translated from the French. London,
1702. fol.--This work bears a similar character as the preceding travels
of the author already noticed. The plates are excellent.
129. Irwin's Adventures in a Voyage up the Red Sea; and a Route through the
Thebaid hitherto unknown, in the year 1779. London, 4to. and 8vo.--Chiefly
valuable for the information which his personal adventures necessarily
gives of the manners, &c. of the Arabians.
130. Memoirs and Travels of Count Beniousky. London, 1790. 2 vols.
4to.--Amidst much that is trifling, and more that is doubtful, this work
contains some curious and authentic information, especially relating to
Kamschatka and Madagascar: what he states on the subject of his
communications with Japan, is very suspicious.
131. Travels in Africa, Egypt, and Syria. By W.G. Browne. London, 1799.
4to.--A most valuable work, and except in some few peculiarities of the
author, a model for travellers: it is particularly instructive in what
relates to Darfour.
132. Travels in Asia and Africa. By A. Parsons. 4to. 1809.--These travels
were performed in 1772--78: they indicate good sense, and are evidently the
result of attentive and careful observation and enquiry. From Scanderoon to
Aleppo; over the desert to Bagdat: a voyage from Bussora to Bombay, and
along the west coast of India; from Bombay to Mocha; and a journey from
Suez to Cairo, are the principal contents.
133. Travels. By John Lewis Burckhardt. Vol.1. Nubia; vol. 2. Syria and the
Holy Land; vol.3, in the Hedjaz. 1823. 4to.--Few travellers have done
more for geography than this author: antiquities, manners, customs, &c.,
were examined and investigated by him, with a success which could only have
been ensured by such zeal, perseverance, and judgment as he evidently
possessed.
134. Lord Valentia's Travels in India. Ceylon, the Red Sea, Abyssinia, and
Egypt. 1802-6. 3 vols. 4to.--It is not possible for a person to travel so
long, in such countries, without collecting information of a novel and
important kind: such there is in this work on antiquities, geography,
manners, &c.; but it might all have been comprised in one third of the
size.
135. Travels along the Mediterranean and Parts adjacent, 1816-17-18,
extending as far as the second Cataract of the Nile, Jerusalem, Damascus,
Balbec, &c. By Robert Richardson, M.D. 1822. 2 vols. 8vo.--Much
information may be gleaned from these volumes; but there is a want of
judgment, taste, and life in the narrative.
136. Travels in Morocco, Tripoli, Cyprus, Egypt, Arabia, Syria, and Turkey.
1803-7. By Ali Bey. 3 vols. 4to.--This traveller procured access to many
places, in his assumed character, to which Christians were not permitted to
go: from this cause the travels are instructive and curious; but they
certainly disappointed the expectations of the public.
137. Ludovici Patricii Romani Itinerarium Novum Ethiopiæ, Egypti, utriusque
Arabiæ, Persidis, Syriæ, ac Indiæ ultra citraque Gangem. Milan, 1511.
fol.--This work is supposed to have been written originally in Italian.
In the Spanish translation, published in Lisbon, 1576, the author's name is
given, Barthema. This a very curious and rare work. It has been translated
into German and Dutch.
138. Baumgarten, Peregrinatio in Egyptum, Arabiam, Palestinam, et Syriam.
Nuremberg, 1621. 4to.
139. Voyages au Levant, 1749-52. Par Fréd. Hasselquist. Paris, 1769. 1 vol.
12mo.--This, originally published in Swedish by Linnæus, and translated
into German and Dutch, is uncommonly valuable to the natural historian.
140. Itinéraire de Paris a Jérusalem, et de Jérusalem à Paris, en allant
par la Grèce. Par Chateaubriand. 3 vols. 8vo. Paris, 1810.
141. Le Nouveau Monde, et Navigations faites par Améric. Vespuce, dans les
Pays nouvellement trouvés, tant en Ethiopie qu'en Arabie. Paris,
4to.--Translated from the Italian: both are rare. The claims and merits of
Vespucius may be judged of from the following works: Canovai Elogio di
Amerigo Vespucci. Florence, 1798.; Tiraboschi Storia dell Litt. vol. 1. p.
1. lib. 1. c. 6.; the Letters of Americo in Ramusio, 1. 138.; Bandini Vita
del Amerigo, and an article in the North American Review, for 1822.
142. Voyage d'un Philosophe (M. Poivre). Paris, 1797. 18mo.--This little
work, which embraces remarks on the arts and people of Asia, Africa, and
America, deserves the title it bears better than most French works which
claim it.
143. Langstadt, Reisen nach Sud-America, Asien, und Africa. Hildesheim,
1789. 8vo.
144. Recueil de divers Voyages faites en Afrique et Amérique. Paris, 1674.
4to.
145. Voyages du Cheval. Marchais en Guinée, Isles voisines, et à Cayenne.
Par Labat. Paris, 1780. 4 vols. 12mo.
146. Voyage en Guinée et dans les Isles Caraïbes. Par Isert. 1793. 8vo.
Translated from the German.
147. Voyage on the Coast of Africa, in the Straits of Magellan, Brazil, &c.
in 1695-97. Translated from the French of Froger. London, 1698. 8vo.
148. Hans Sloane's Voyage to Madeira, Barbadoes, St. Christophers, &c.
London, 2 vols. folio. 1707.--This work, generally known under the title of
Sir Hans Sloane's History of Jamaica, is a rich mine of natural history,
aad contains upwards of 1200 engravings of plants, &c.
149. The Four Years' Voyage of Captain G. Roberts to the Islands Canaries,
Cape Verde, and the Coast of Guinea, and Barbadoes. 1725. 8vo.
150. Voyage to Guinea, Brazil, the West Indies, Madagascar, &c. By John
Atkins. 1737. 8vo.
151. Voyage aux Indes Orientales, Maldives, Moluccas, et Brésil. Par Fr.
Pyrard. Paris, 1619-8vo.--These voyages, which occupied the author from
1600 to 1611, are uncommonly well written, accurate, faithful, and
circumstantial, especially regarding the Maldives, Cochin, Travancore, and
Calicut. There is appended a particular and methodical description of the
animals and plants of the East Indies.
152. Curiosités de la Nature et de l'Art, apportés dans deux Voyages dans
Indes: Indes Occ. 1698-9; Ind. Orient. 1701-2. Par C. Biron, Chirurgeon
Major. Paris, 1703. 12mo.--Valuable for its natural history, and its
account of the implements and arts of the inhabitants.
153. The History of Travels in the West and East Indies. By Eden and
Willis. 1577. 4to.
154. Reise nach Ost und West Indien. Von R.C. Zimmerman. Hamburgh, 1771.
8vo.
155. Variorum in Europa Itinerum deliciae. Collectae ab. A. Clytaeo.
Bremen, 1605. 8vo.
156. Ponz Viage fuera de España in Europa. Madrid, 1785. 2 vols. 12mo.
157. Moryson's Travels through Europe. 1617. fol.--A very curious work.
158. Itinera through the twelve Dominions of Germany, Bohemia, Prussia,
Sweden, Turkey, France, Britain, &c. 1617. fol.
159. Ray's Observations, made in a Journey through Part of the Low
Countries, Germany, Italy, and France. 1738. 2 vols. 8vo.--Valuable for its
botanical researches.
160. Travels in Hungary, Macedonia, Austria, Germany, the Low Countries,
and Lombardy. By E. Browne, M.D. 1685. fol.--Natural history, the mines,
mineral waters, as well as manners and customs, are described in this work,
which bears a good character. The author was physician to Charles II., to
Bartholomew Hospital, and afterwards President of the College of
Physicians.
161. Bishop Burnet's Letters on Switzerland and Italy. 1686. 8vo.
162. Travels through Holland, Germany, Switzerland, and Italy. By De
Blainville. 1749. 3 vols. 4to.
163. Smollet's Travels through France and Italy. 1766. 2 vols. 8vo.
164. Barretti's Journey from London to Genoa, through Portugal, Spain, and
France. 1770. 2 vols. 8vo.
165. Dr. Moore's View of the Customs and Manners of France, Germany, and
Switzerland. 2 vols. 8vo.
166. Stolberg's (Count) Travels in Germany, Italy, and Sicily. 1794. 2
vols. 4to.
167. Dr. C.J. Smith's Sketch of a Tour on the Continent in 1786-7. 3 vols.
8vo. 1807.--The travels of this celebrated botanist are not by any means
confined to his favourite science, but comprehend well-drawn and
interesting sketches of manners, as well as notices of the antiquities,
fine arts, &c. Holland, the Netherlands, France, and Italy, were the scene
of his travels.
168. Beaumont's Travels from France to Italy, through the Lepantine Alps.
1800. fol.
169. Travels in Sicily, Greece, and Albania. By the Rev. T.S. Hughes. 1820.
2 vols. 4to.--Classical, antiquarian, and descriptive of the state of
society, political, civil, religious, and domestic; bearing marks of much
information and enquiry, a sound judgment and good education.
170. Letters from the Mediterranean. By Ed. Blaquiere. 1814. 2 vols.
8vo.--The information in these volumes chiefly relates to the civil and
political state of Sicily, Malta, Tunis, and Tripoli.
171. The Diary of an Invalid, 1817--1819. By H. Matthews. 8vo. 1820.--Light
and pleasant sketches of manners, and other popular information, on
Portugal, Italy, Switzerland, and France.
172. Travels through Holland, Germany, and Part of France, in 1819. By W.
Jacob, Esq. 4to. 1820.--Agriculture, Statistics, and Manufactures.
173. Journal du Voyage de Montaigne en Italie, par la Suisse et
l'Allemagne, en 1580-81. Paris, 1774. 4to.--Italy and the Tyrol are
particularly the objects of those travels, which are interesting, much more
on account of the name of the author, and of the insight they afford into
his temper and feelings, than from the information they convey.
174. Lettres du Baron de Busbec. Paris, 1748. 3 vols. 12mo.--These are
written from Turkey, whither the author was sent as ambassador by Ferdinand
King of Hungary, and from France, where he resided in an official
character. The original is in Latin. There is a translation in English; but
this comprises only the embassy to Turkey. They are rich in political
information, and in depicting the manners, &c. of the people he visited,
especially those inhabiting the neighbourhood of the Don, &c.
175. Relations Historiques des Voyages en Allemagne, Angleterre, Holland,
Boheme, et Suisse. Par C. Patin. Lyon, 1674. 16mo.--This author was son of
the celebrated physician, Guy Patin, and distinguished for his knowledge of
medals: his travels principally relate to antiquities.
176. Relation d'un Voyage de Paris, en Espagne, en Portugal, et en Italie,
1769, 1770. Par M. Silhouette. Paris, 1770. 4 vols. 12mo.--This is the
minister of finance, whose measures of economy were so much ridiculed by
the Parisians, and from whom the portraits, called Silhouettes, took their
name: his travels indicate considerable acquaintance with the arts and
political affairs.
177. Lettres sur différens Sujets, écrites pendant le Cours d'un Voyage en
Allemagne, en Suisse, dans la France Meridionelle, et en Italie. Par
Bernouilli. Basle and Berlin, 1777. 3 vols. 8vo.--The author of these
letters, one of the celebrated family of mathematicians of that name, has
borrowed the greater part of his work that relates to natural history from
a Spanish work, entitled, "Cartas familiares del Abbatè Juan Andres," of
which there is an edition published in Madrid, in 6 vols. small 4to.
Bernouilli has, however, added much information and interest to his
letters, by his description and account of collections of paintings.
178. Tableau de l'Angleterre et de l'Italie. Par Archenholz. Strasburgh,
1788. 3 vols. 12mo.--This work is translated from the German.
179. Voyage de Deux Français en Allemagne, en Danemarck, en Suède, en
Russe, et en Pologne, 1790-1. Par Portia de Piles. Paris, 1796. 5 vols.
12mo.--This is a valuable work for all kinds of statistical information.
180. Voyage Philosophique et Pittoresque sur les Rives du Rhin, à Leige,
dans la Flandre, le Brabant, la Hollande, augmentée d'une Voyage en
Angleterre, et en France. Par G. Forster. Paris, 5 vols. 8vo.--The author
(whose acquirements in natural history, and in general science and
philosophical research, as well as whose peculiar temper, are well known
from his connection with Captain Cook during his second voyage, and his
works on this voyage) has here produced an interesting and instructive
work; particularly so far as relates to his favourite study: it is also
interesting as depicting the political state of the countries he visited,
and his strong, ardent, and sanguine views at the commencement of the
French Revolution.
181. Voyages en Sicile dans la Grande Grèce et au Levant. Par le Baron de
Riedesel. Paris, 1802. 8vo.--This edition comprises all his travels, which
were previously published separately. The travels in Sicily are the most
valuable.
182. Voyages de Guibert dans diverses Parties de la France et de la Suisse,
1775. 1785. Paris, 1805. 8vo.--The celebrated author of the "Essai sur la
Tactique" was employed to visit the different military hospitals in France;
his journeys with this object, as well as when he went to join his
regiment, were the occasion of these travels, in which there is much
animated description of nature, and several well-drawn portraits of public
men.
183. Voyage en Allemagne, dans le Tyrol et en Italie. 4 vols. 8vo. Paris,
1818.--This work is translated from the German of Mad. de la Recke, by
Madame de Montelieu, and possesses much of that pleasing narrative and
description which characterize female writers of talent.
184. Pauli Hertneri Itinera Germaniæ, Galliæ, Italitæ. Basle, 1611. 4to.
185. Joh. Bernouilli Reisen durch Brandenburgh, Pommern, Preussen, Curland,
Russland, und Pohlen, 1777-8. Leips. 1779-80. 6 vols. 8vo.
186. Sulzer Reisen nach Schweitz, und Hieris, und Nice. 1775. 8vo.--This
author is well known for his "Universal Theory of the Fine Arts;" and these
travels, as well as those in the middle states of Europe, and among the
Alps, which he also published, are worthy of him.
187. Bauman, Reise durch Deutschland und Walschland. Augsb. 1782.
8vo.--These travels in Germany and Italy contain observations on a
subject little attended to by travellers; but one which they might much
benefit: we mean domestic economy, or the different modes, plans, &c.
pursued by different nations in domestic life, as regards food, houses,
clothing, &c.
188. Fred. Nicholai, Beschriebung einer Reise durch Deutschland und de
Schweitz, 1781. Berlin, 1783. 12 vols. 8vo.--This work is swelled beyond
all due proportion with political disquisitions; but though bold and
severe, it is a just picture.
189. Italien und Deutschland. Von C.P. Moritz. Berlin, 1790.--Manners,
literature, and arts are the topics of this work. The same author published
"Travels of a German in England."
190. Reisen durch Deutschland, Danemarck, Schweden, Italien, 1797--99. Von
Kuttner. Leip. 4 vols. 8vo.--Statistical and political information,
derived from authentic and official sources, especially as relates to
Austria and Saxony, distinguishes this work.
191. Streifzuge durch Inner Oestreich, &c. Vien. 1800. 4to.--The
quicksilver mines of Idria, the manners, &c. of the people of Trieste and
Venice, and the principal objects of arts and industry in all the countries
described, give to this work a merit greater than its brevity would seem to
deserve.
192. Briefe woehrend meinis Aufenhalts en England und Portugal. Hamb. 1802.
8vo.--This work, by Mad. Barnard, is written with that peculiar charm and
vivacity of style, which it would seem females only can attain. There are
in it curious notices of Berlin, Hanover, and Cuxhaven, besides those on
England and Portugal.
193. Bemerkungen gesammelt auf einer Reise durch Holland, und einin Theil
Franchreichs, 1801. Von J.F. Droysen. Goetting. 1803. 8vo.--Literary
establishments and societies, especially those of Paris, and the state of
mathematical, physical, and chemical science, are particularly attended to
by this author.
194. Arndt, Reisen durch einer Theil Deutschlands, Ungaren, Italien, und
Franckreichs, 1798, 1799. 4 vols. 8vo. Leip. 1804.
195. Reisen durch das Osterreich, Illyrien, Dalmatien, und Albanien, 1818.
2 vols. 8vo. Meissen, 1822.
196. Reisen durch einen Theil Deutschlands, die Schweitz, Italien, und
Griechenland. 8vo. Gotha, 1822.
197. Bemerkungen auf einer Reise aus Nord Deutschland, uber Francfort, nach
dem sudlichen Franckreich. 1819. 8vo. Leips. 1822.
198. Lettere Scritte della Sicilia e della Turkia. Dall. Abbote D. Sestini,
1774-78. Florence, 1780. 3 vols. 8vo.--These travels, which have been
translated into French, are very full on the agriculture of Sicily, and on
its internal and external commerce.
199. Fred. Snedorfs Samlede Skrivter. Copenh. 1794. 4 vols. 8vo.--Of this
work only the first volume relates to our present subject, containing
letters from Germany, Switzerland, France and England. The author, who
travelled at two different times into these countries, pays particular
attention to political and literary persons, whose character he draws with
great spirit, candour, and acuteness. As he travelled at the commencement
of the French Revolution, his sketches of political characters and events
are especially interesting and valuable. The universities of England and
Germany also attract a deal of his attention, and on these he offers some
judicious remarks.
V.
VOYAGES AND TRAVELS IN THE ARCTIC SEAS AND COUNTRIES.
200. Chronological History of Voyages into the Polar Regions. By John
Barrow, 1819. 8vo.
201. History of North-Eastern Voyages of Discovery. By Captain Jos. Burney,
1819. 8vo.--These two works nearly exhaust the subject on which they treat:
the character of their authors sufficiently warrants their accuracy and
completeness.
202. J.R. Forster's History of Voyages and Discoveries made in the North,
1786. 4to.--This work is not confined to voyages and discoveries in the
Arctic regions; but comprises those made in the central regions of Asia in
the middle ages, as well as those in the northern parts of America. Its
character is like that of all Forster's productions, to some of which we
have already had occasion to advert.
203. Russian Voyages of Discovery for a North-west Passage. By Muller.
London. 4to. 1800.--The following work, though relating rather to
discoveries in the sea between Asia and America, than to attempts for a
north-east or north-west passage, may be placed here, as a continuation of
the work of Muller, which comes no farther down than the expedition of
Behring, in 1741.
204. Account of the Russian Discoveries between Asia and America. By
William Coxe, 1780. 8vo.--This work is interesting, not merely from the
particular subject which the title indicates, but also on account of the
sketch it contains of the conquest of Siberia, and of the Russian commerce
with China.
205. Historia Navigationis Mar. Frobisberi, 1577. Nuremburg, 1580. 8vo.
206. Descriptio novi Freti, recens inventi, ab Hen. Hudson. Amsterdam,
1613. 4to.
207. Captain James's Voyage for the Discovery of the Northwest Passage, in
1632. London, 1633. 4to.--This narrative contains some remarkable physical
observations on the cold and ice; but no hint of any discovery of
importance.
208. Henry Ellis's Voyage for the Discovery of a North-west Passage, in
1746-7. London, 1748. 2 vols. 8vo.--Some important facts and remarks
relating to Hudson's Bay are given in this voyage.
209. Account of a Voyage for the Discovery of a North-west Passage, by
Hudson's Straits, in 1746-7, in the California. By the Clerk of that Ship.
2 vols. 8vo. 1748.--This relates to the same voyage as the work of Ellis.
210. Hearne's Journey from Prince of Wales' Fort, in Hudson's Bay, to the
Northern Ocean. 1795. 4to.
211. Mackenzie's Voyage from Montreal, through the Continent of North
America to the Frozen and Pacific Oceans, in the Years 1789 and 1793.
4to.--Besides the interesting details in these voyages, respecting the
countries travelled over, and the manners of the inhabitants, they are
important, particularly Mackenzie's, as having effected the discovery of
the Polar Sea by land, and as introductory to the following work:
212. Voyage of Discovery for a North-west Passage. By Captain Ross, 1819.
4to.--Although the end was not accomplished, nor that done which might have
been, yet this volume is valuable for its scientific details on natural
history and meteorology.
213. Voyage for the Discovery of a North-west Passage from the Atlantic to
the Pacific. By Captain Parry, 1821. 4to.--Geography, natural history, and
especially the sciences connected with, and contributing to the improvement
of navigation and geographical knowledge, together with a most interesting
narrative of sound judgment, presence of mind, perseverance and passive
courage, characterize this volume.
214. Narrative of a Journey from the Shores of Hudson's Bay to the Mouth of
the Copper Mine River, &c. By Captain. J. Franklin, 1823. 4to.--A work of
intense and indeed painful interest, from the sufferings of those who
performed this journey; of value to geography by no means proportional to
those sufferings; but instructive in meteorology and natural history.
215. Geschicte der Schiffahrten zur endeckung des Nordeest-lichen Wegs nach
Japan und China. Von J.C. Adelung. Halle, 1768. 4to.--Some of the above
works, as well as others relating to attempts to discover a north-west and
north-east passage, are inserted in Harris and Churchill's Collections.
216. Les Trois Navigations faites par les Hollandois au Septentrion. Par
Gerard de Ver. Paris, 1610. 8vo.--This contains Barentz's Voyages.
217. Histoire des Peches, des Découvertes, &c. des Hollandois, dans la Mer
du Nord. Paris, 1801. 3 vols. 8vo.--This work, translated from the Dutch,
is full of curious matter, not only respecting the fish and fisheries of
the North Sea, but also respecting Greenland, Spitzbergen, Nova Zembla, and
on subjects of natural history.
218. Beschriebung des Alten und Neuen Grenland, nebist einem begrift der
Reisen die Frobisher, &c. Nuremberg, 1679. 4to.
219. A Voyage towards the North Pole. By Lord Mulgrave, in 1773. 4to.
220. An Account of the Arctic Regions. By W. Scoresby, 1820. 2 vols.
8vo.--This, together with a voyage to Greenland, published subsequently
by the same author, is full of most valuable information on the meteorology
and natural history of this part of the World, besides containing
interesting particulars on the Whale Fishery.
221. Déscription et Histoire Générale du Gröenland. Par Egede, traduite du
Danois. Genève, 1763. 8vo.--In 1788-9, Egede published two other works on
Greenland in Danish, which complete his description of this country.
222. Crantz's History of Greenland, translated from the High Dutch, 1767. 2
vols. 8vo.--A continuation of this history was published by Crantz, in
German, 1770, which has not been translated.
VI. EUROPE.
LAPLAND AND THE SCANDINAVIAN COUNTRIES.
223. Canuti Leemii de Lapponibus. Copenhagen, 1767. 2 vols. 4to.--This
work, containing a rich mine from which travellers in Lapland, particularly
Acerbi, have drawn valuable materials, is seldom met with complete and with
all the plates: there should be 100 of them.
224. Histoire de la Lapponie, traduite du Latin de M. Schaeffer. Paris,
1678. 4to.
225. Journal d'un Voyage au Nord, 1736-7. Amsterdam, 1746. 12mo.--This
work, though principally and professedly an account of the labours of
Maupertuis, to ascertain the figure of the earth, is interesting to the
general reader, from the descriptions it gives of the manners, &c. of the
natives of Lapland, &c.
226. Mémoires sur les Samoyedes et les Lappous. Copenhagen, 1766. 8vo.
227. Voyage dans le Nord de l'Europe, 1807. Par La Motte. 4to.
Paris.--Norway and part of Sweden were visited by this traveller on foot,
and he gives details of scenery, &c. which only a foot traveller could
procure.
228. The natural History of Iceland. By Horrebow, 1758. folio.
229. Von Troil's Letters from Iceland. 1780. 8vo.--This translation is not
nearly so accurate as that into French, published in Paris, 1781. 8vo.
230. Travels in Iceland during the Summer of 1810. By Sir G. Mackenzie,
1811. 4to.--Almost every topic on which a traveller is expected to give
information is here treated of: the history, religion, natural history,
agriculture, manners, &c.; and all evidently the result of much previous
knowledge, good sense, and information collected on the spot.
231. Hooker's Journal of a Tour in Iceland in 1809. 2 vols. 8vo.--Natural
History, especially Botany; the travels of this author, Mackenzie, and
Henderson, would seem to leave nothing to be desired on the subject of this
extraordinary island and its inhabitants.
232. Journal of a Residence in Iceland, 1814-15. By Henderson. 2 vols.
8vo.--The state of society, manners, domestic habits, and religion, are
here treated of; but there is too much minuteness, and a tediousness and
dryness of style and manner.
233. Voyage en Islande. Par Olafsen et Povelsen. Paris, 1801. 5 vols.
8vo.--This work, translated from the Danish, though tedious and prolix,
supplies many curious particulars respecting the natural history of the
country and the manners of the people.
234. OEconomische Reise durch Island. Von Olavius. Leip. 4to.
235. Landt's Description of the Feroe Islands. Translated from the Danish.
8vo.--This work, which was published at Copenhagen in 1800, is the only
accurate account of these islands since the Feroe Reserata of Debes in
1673; but it is too minute and long for the subjects it describes.
236. Coxes's Travels in Poland, Russia, Sweden and Denmark. 5 vols.
8vo.--The substantial merits of this work are well known.
237. Acerbi's Travels through Sweden, Finland, and Lapland, to the North
Cape, in 1798-9. 2 vols. 4to. 1801.--These travels are interesting and
attractive; but they bear evident marks of having been made up by an
editor. The author has been attacked by Rihs, a Swede, for misrepresenting
the Swedes, and for having borrowed largely without acknowledgment from
Leemius; and by his fellow-traveller, Skieldebrand, with having
appropriated the views and designs which he made. The latter published in
French a Picturesque Tour to the North Cape.
238. Lachesis Lapponica, or a Tour in Lapland. By Linnæus, 1811. 2 vols.
8vo.--These travels were performed in 1732, when Linnæus was very young.
Botany of course forms the principal subject; but the work is also
instructive and interesting from the picture it exhibits of the character
of the author, and of the manners of the Laplanders.
239. Travels through Norway and Lapland. By Baron Von Buch; with Notes by
Professor Jameson, 1818. 4to.--This work, translated from the German,
contains much new and valuable information, chiefly on mineralogy and
geology.
240. Thomson's Travels in Sweden, during the Autumn of 1812.
4to.--Mineralogy, geology, satistics, and politics form the chief topics:
the work is carelessly written.
241. Travels through Sweden, Norway, and Finmark, to the North Cape, 1820.
By A. de Capell Brocke. 4to. 1823. Picturesque.
242. Nouveau Voyage vers le Septentrion. Amsterdam, 1708. 12mo.--The
customs, religion, character, domestic life, &c. of the Norwegians and
Laplanders are here sketched in an interesting and pleasant manner.
243. Lettres sur le Danemark. Par Mallet. Genève, 1767. 2 vols.
8vo.--This work is worthy of the author, whose introduction to the History
of Denmark is so advantageously known to English readers, by Bishop Percy's
excellent translation of it. It gives an excellent and faithful picture of
this country in the middle of the eighteenth century, and comprises also
the southern provinces of Norway.
244. Voyage en Allemagne et en Suède. Par J.P. Catteau. Paris, 1810. 3
vols. 8vo.--Sensible and judicious on arts, manners, literature, literary
men, statistics and economics; but more full and valuable on Sweden than on
Germany. Indeed few authors have collected more information on the North of
Europe than M. Catteau; his Tableau des Etats Danois, and his Tableau
Général de la Suède, are excellent works, drawn up with great accuracy and
judgment. The same may be said of his Tableau de la Mer Baltique; in which
every kind of information relative to the Baltic, its shores, islands,
rivers, ports, produce, ancient and modern commerce, is given.
245. Voyage en Norwège, traduit de l'Allemand de J. Fabricius. Paris, 1803.
8vo.--This too is an excellent work, especially in what regards the natural
history and economics of the country.
246. Reise en die Marschlander au der Nordsee. Von J.N. Tetens. Leip. 1788.
8vo.--Holstein, Jutland, and Sleswick, countries in which we possess few
travels, are accurately described in this work.
247. Reise durch einige Schwedische Provinzen. Von J.W. Schmidt. Hamburgh,
1801.--These travels contain curious particulars respecting the Nomadic
Laplanders.
248. Arndt, Reise durch Schweden, 1804. 4 vols. 8vo. Berlin, 1806.
There are several travels by Linnæus (besides the one published by Sir
J. Smith, already noticed) and his pupils into different provinces of
Sweden, relating to their natural history, which botanists will value
highly; but we omit them, as interesting only to them. They are written
in Swedish, but German translations have appeared of most of them. There
are also valuable travels by Germans, especially Huelfer and Gilberg,
which give full and accurate details of the copper mines, and the
processes pursued in them; but these also we omit for a similar reason.
RUSSIA AND POLAND.
Whatever object has once been pursued by a Russian sovereign, seems to
descend as a hereditary pursuit to his successors. This is true, not
only of their plans of conquest, but also of their means of improving
their country; but it is evident of all countries, and especially of
such a vast extent of country as Russia exhibits, where new districts
are from time to time added, the very limits of which are scarcely
known, that no sure and regular means of improvement can be adopted,
until the actual state and the capabilities of each district are fully
known. The Empress Catherine gave great attention and encouragement to
these enquiries: a number of men, well qualified for the undertaking,
were sent to investigate the state of each district, especially its
natural history, and the addition to the national strength and wealth
which might be drawn from it. When the name of Pallas is mentioned as
one of the scientific men employed for this purpose, and empowered to
direct the enquiries of his associates, and to revise them, in it a
sufficient pledge is given of the accuracy and value of their labours.
249. Michalonis Lithuani de Moribus Tartarorum, Lithuanorum et Moschorum
Fragmenta. Basle, 1615. 4to.--We notice this work as exhibiting a lively
picture of the manners of these nations at this period. The same reason
induces us to notice the following. Indeed, the chief interest of these old
works, and it is no languid one, is derived from being introduced into the
midst of ancient manners and people.
250. Ulfedii Legatio Moscovitica. Franck. 1617. 4to.--This work, which
particularly notices the Tartar tribes at that time subject to Russia,
proves, by a comparison with what Pallas relates of them, that their
manners, customs, and acquirements had been quite stationary for nearly 150
years.
251. State of Russia. By Captain Perry. London, 1716. 8vo.--Captain Perry,
who visited Russia in 1706-12, at the request of Peter the Great, to assist
in the formation of a fleet, navigable canals, &c., has in this work given
an accurate account of this vast empire; the first indeed that may be said
to have introduced a knowledge of it into England.
252. View of the Russian Empire during the reign of Catherine II. By the
Rev. W. Tooke. 3 vols. 8vo.--As this work is drawn up from a personal
knowledge of the country, and aided by access to the best authorities, we
have admitted it into the Catalogue, though not exactly falling within the
description of travels. It is full of matter, physical, statistical,
political, commercial, &c.; but heavily written, and displaying rather
extent and accuracy of research, than a perspicuous and profound mind.
The following are the principal works by Pallas and his associates, or
works undertaken with similar objects. They require no particular
criticism, after the general notice we have given of them.
253. Reisen durch verschiedene Provinzen des Russischen Reichs, 1768. 1773.
Peters. 3 vols. 4to.
254. Bemerkungen auf einer Reise in die Sudlichen Statthalterschaften des
Russischen Reichs, 1793, 1794.--Of these travels by Pallas, the last is
more particularly devoted to science, and therefore is interesting to
general readers. Both have been translated into French, and the travels in
1793-4, into English.
255. Georgi Bemerkungen auf einer Reise im Russischen Reichs, 1772--1774.
Peters. 1755. 2 vols. 4to.
256. Georgi Beschriebung alter Nation des Russischen Reichs. Leipsic. 2
vols. 4to.
257. Georgi Geographische, Physicalische und Naturhistorische, Beschriebung
des Russischen Reichs. Koning. 3 vols. 4to.--This work of uncommon labour
and research, treats of the geography, physical, and natural history of
Russia, divided into zones, each of which will be separately described,
when the work is completed.
258. Gmelin, Reisen durch Russland. Peters. 1770-4. 3 vols. 4to.--Of the
Travels of Lepechin, the other associate of Pallas, which were performed
1768-1771, and published in Russian, there is a German translation.
Altenburgh, 1774. 3 vols. 4to., of which we have not been able to procure
the exact title.
259. Reise von Volhynien nach Cherson en Russland, 1787. Von J.C. Mæller.
Hamb. 8vo.
260. Bemerkungen uber Russland en rucksicht auf wissen-schaften Kunst,
Religion. Von J.J. Bollerman. Erfurt. 1788. 8vo.
261. Mineralogische, Geographische, und andere vermischte, Nachrechten von
der Altaischen Gebirgen. Von H.M. Renovanz. Freyberg. 1789. 4to.
262. Tableau Historique et Statistique de l'Empire Russie à la fin du 18me
siècle. Par H. Storch. Paris, 1800. 2 vols. 8vo.--This work, by the author
of the Picture of Petersburgh, well known to the English reader, is
admitted here for the same reason which gave insertion to Tooke's Russia.
It is, however, we believe, not yet complete according to the original plan
of the author; and the French translation only comprises what relates to
the physical and civil state of the inhabitants. Storch's Work, in
conjunction with that of Georgi, on the geography and natural history of
Russia, will comprise all that is interesting respecting this vast country.
263. Polonia, sive de Situ, Populis Moribus, &c. Poloniæ a Mart. Cromero.
Cologne. 1578. 4to.
264. Sarmatiæ Europeæ Descriptio. ab Alex. Gaguin. Spire, 1581. fol.
265. Reise durch Pohlnische Provinzen. Von J.H. Carosi. Leip. 8vo.--These
travels are chiefly mineralogical.
266. Nachrichten uber Pohlen. Von J.J. Kausch. Saltz. 1793. 8vo.
267 Letters, Literary and Political, on Poland. 1823. 8vo.--Rather feebly
written, and too minute on uninteresting points; in other respects
valuable, as relating to a country of which we know comparatively little.
TURKEY, GREECE, DALMATIA, &C.
The countries of Europe, the travels into which we have hitherto
enumerated, do not present very various and numerous objects of
research. In Scandinavia the natural historian, especially the
mineralogist, will be chiefly interested. The vast extent of the Russian
empire also affords objects of curious and novel research to the
botanist and zoologist, few to the mineralogist. The Salt Mines of
Poland afford the principal objects of investigation to scientific
travellers in this country. Manners, habits, political institutions, and
religion, of course, are interesting in all; and to those whose studies
and enquiries lead them to investigate the differences in the different
families of the human race, the opportunities afforded them by the
Gothic Nations of Scandinavia; the Slavonic nations of Russia and
Poland; and the totally distinct and singular races which inhabit
Lapland and Finland, must be valuable and useful.
When we enter Turkey, the scene changes, or rather expands. Within its
European, as well as its Asiatic empire, travellers of all descriptions,
however various their objects, will find rich and ample materials.
Situated in a mild climate, with great variety of soil, in it are found
plants remarkable for their uses in medicine and the arts, or for their
beauty: its mountainous districts contain treasures for the
mineralogist; and to the politician and student of human nature, it
exhibits the decided effects of the Mahometan religion, and of Asiatic
despotism. But what principally distinguishes it from the other
countries which have hitherto occupied us, must be sought in its ruins
of Grecian magnificence and taste: in the traces and evidences it
affords of ancient times, manners, and acquirements: in the hold it
possesses over our feelings, and even over our judgment, as being
classic ground--the soil which nourished the heroes of Marathon and the
bard of Troy.--The language, the manners, the customs, the human form
and countenance of ancient Greece, are forcibly recalled to our
recollection.
The travels in this part of the world have been so numerous, that we
must be strict and limited in our selection, having regard principally
to those which exhibit it under its various aspects with the greatest
fidelity, at various periods.
268. Nicholai Clenard Epistola de Rebus Mahomediis, in Itinere scriptis.
Louvain, 1551. 8vo.
269. Petrus Gyllius de Bosphoro Thracio. Elzerer, 1561. 4to.--This is one
of the first travellers who describes the antiquities of this part of
Turkey: manners and natural history, such as it was in his time, also come
under his notice. Dallaway praises him.
270. Sandy's (Geo.) Travels, containing the State of the Turkish Empire, of
Greece, Egypt, and the Holy Land. 1673. fol.--Sandys was an accomplished
gentleman, well prepared by previous study for his Travels, which are
distinguished by erudition, sagacity, and a love of truth, and are written
in a pleasant style.
271. Ricault's History of the Present State of the Ottoman Empire. 1689.
8vo.--Ricault was secretary to the English Embassy at the Porte in 1661.
The Mahometan religion, the seraglio, the maritime and land forces of
Turkey are particularly noticed by him. An excellent translation into
French, with most valuable notes, by Bespier, was published at Rouen, in
1677. 2 vols. 12mo.
272. Lady Mary Wortley Montague's Letters.--A great number of editions of
these Letters have been published. In 1805, her Works were published in 5
vols. 12mo., containing Letters which had not previously appeared. The
character of her work, which principally relates to Turkey, is well known.
273. Porter's Observations on the Religion, Laws, Government, and Manners
of the Turks. 1768. 2 vols. 12mo.--Sir James Porter was British ambassador
at the Porte; his work is faithful and accurate, and is chiefly
illustrative of the political state, manners, and habits of the Turks.
274. Eton's Survey of the Turkish Empire. 1801. 8vo.--This work is divided
into four parts: government, finances, religion, arts, manners, commerce,
and population; state of the provinces, especially Greece; causes of the
decline of Turkey; and British commerce with Turkey. As it is the result of
personal observation, and of excellent opportunities, it falls within our
notice. Many of the opinions, however, and some of the statements of the
author, have been controverted, particularly by Thornton in his Present
State of Turkey. 2 vols. 8vo. 1809. In a note to the preface, Mr. Eton
enumerates the best authors who have written on Turkey.
275. History of the Russian Embassy to Constantinople. By M. Reimers,
Secretary to the Embassy, 1804. 3 vols. 4to.--This work is translated from
the German. Though the title in its original language would lead the reader
to suppose that it principally related to the Russian provinces traversed
by the embassy on its going and return, this is not the case: the Turkish
empire, and chiefly Constantinople, form the most extensive and important
division of these volumes; in all that relates to the Turks there is much
curious information; the work is also interesting from the picture it
exhibits of the manner in which the embassy, consisting of a caravan of 650
persons, travelled. They were six months in going from one capital to the
other.
276. Tour in 1795-6 through the Crimea. By Maria Guthrie. 1800. 2 vols.
4to.--This work contains a lively description of the various tribes that
inhabit the Crimea; their manners, institutions, and political state; the
antiquities, monuments, and natural history, and remarks on the migrations
of the Asiatic tribes. That part of the work which relates to antiquities
was written by her husband, Dr. Guthrie.
277. Walpole's Memoirs relative to European and Asiatic Turkey. Edited from
MS. journals.
278. Travels in various Countries of the East, being a Continuation of the
Memoirs. 2 vols. 4to. 1817 and 1820.--The information in these volumes is
very various, classical, antiquarian, and statistical: on natural history,
manners, religion, politics; and most of it valuable.
279. Wheeler and Spon's Travels into Greece, 1681. fol--This work relates
chiefly to the antiquities of Greece and Asia Minor, and is valuable for
its plates of them, and of medals, inscriptions, &c.
280. A Journey into Greece, &c. By Wheeler, 1688. fol.--This work (which
embraces, in some degree, the same countries as the former, but which takes
in also Dalmatia) is also devoted to antiquities, descriptions, and medals,
and bears a good character in these respects.
281. Travels in Asia Minor, &c. By Richard Chandler, 1775-6. 2 vols.
4to.--These are valuable travels to the antiquarian. The author, guided by
Pausanias, as respects Greece, Strabo for that country and Asia Minor, and
Pliny, has described with wonderful accuracy and perspicuity the ruins of
the cities of Asia Minor, its temples, theatres, &c.
282. Savary's Letters on Greece. Translated from the French, 8vo.--Rhodes
and Candia are most particularly described in this volume,--islands of
which we previously had meagre accounts.
283. Fortis' Travels in Dalmatia. 4to.--The geology, natural history, and
antiquities of this country, with curious and instructive notices on the
singular races which inhabit it, form the subject of this volume, which is
translated from the Italian.
284. Travels in Hungary. By Rob. Townson, M.D. 1796. 4to.--This is a
valuable work to the natural historian, particularly the mineralogist: it
also contains a very particular account of the Tokay wines.
285. Travels in the Ionian Islands, Albania, Thessaly, and Greece, 1812-13.
By Dr. Holland. 4to. 1815.--Classical, antiquarian, and statistical
information is here intermixed with valuable remarks on the natural
history, manners, political state, &c. of the countries visited, especially
Albania.
286. Dodwell's Classical and Topographical Tour through Greece, 1801. 1805
and 6. 2 vols. 4to. 1819.--This work displays great research, aided and
directed by much preparatory knowledge, and a sound judgment and good
taste.
287. Hobhouse's Journey through Albania and other Provinces of Turkey, to
Constantinople, in 1809-10. 4to. 1813.--Classical, antiquarian, and
statistical, with sketches of manners, national character, &c.
288. Tableau Général de l'Empire Ottoman.--Of this splendid and celebrated
work 2 volumes folio were published in 1787, which comprised the religious
code of Turkey. The 3d volume was published in 1821, divided into two
parts: the first part on the political, military, civil, and judicial code;
the second part on the state of the Ottoman empire. This completes the plan
of the author D'Ohsson. Under all the heads, into which he has divided his
work, he has introduced authentic and curious notices of the agriculture,
arts, manners, domestic life, &c. of the Turks. The third volume was
published under the superintendence of his son.
289. Voyage dans la Grèce Asiatique. Par Sestini. Paris, 1789, 8vo.--This
work, translated from the Italian, comprises an account of the environs of
Constantinople, the peninsula of Cyzicum, formerly an island in the
Propontis, to which it was united by Alexander the Great; and the districts
of Brusa and Nice. The antiquities of the peninsula, but especially the
botany of the countries he visited, are treated of in a masterly manner.
290. Voyage de Vienne à Belgrade. Par N.E. Kleeman, 1768--1770.
Neufchâtel, 1780. 8vo.--This work, translated from the German, comprehends
an account of the Crimea, and of the Tartar tribes who inhabit it, full,
minute, and accurate.
291. Traité sur le Commerce de la Mer Noire. Par M. de Peysonnel. Paris,
1783. 2 vols. 8vo.--Besides the commerce of the Crimea, its soil,
agriculture, and productions, and its political state before it was annexed
to Russia, are treated of in these volumes.
292. Description Physique de la Tauride. La Haye. 8vo.--This work,
translated from the Russian, is intended to complete the survey of the
Russian empire: it relates chiefly to natural history in all its three
branches.
293. Voyage en Crimea, 1803. Par J. Reuilly. Paris, 1806. 8vo.--The author
was assisted by the celebrated Pallas, who, at this time, lived in the
Crimea. The physical as well as political state of this country are
comprised in this work.
294. Les Ruins des plus beaux Monumens de la Grèce, considérés du côté de
l'Histoire et du côté de l'Architecture. Par M. Le Roi. Paris, 1770. fol.
295. Voyage Littéraire de la Grèce, ou Lettres sur les Grecs Anciens et
Modernes, avec un parallèle de leurs Moeurs. Par M. Guys. Paris, 1783. 4
vols. 8vo.
The peculiar nature of these two works is sufficiently indicated by
their respective title: they are both interesting.
296. Voyage en Grèce et en Turquie. Par Sonnini. Paris, 1801. 4to.--This
work, which is translated into English, is rich in natural history,
commerce, and manners, particularly regarding some of the islands of the
Archipelago, Rhodes, Macedonia, the Morea, and Asia Minor.
297. Voyage en Morea, à Constantinople, en Albania, &c. 1799--1801. Par
Pouqueville.
298. Voyage dans la Grèce. Par Pouqueville. vol. 1. 4to. Paris, 1820.--The
first work has been translated into English: they are both full of
information, especially respecting Albania, though more accurate
investigations, or perhaps different views and opinions, have induced
subsequent travellers to differ from him in some respects.
299. Bartholdy, Voyage en Grèce, 1803-4. 2 vols. 8vo. Paris, 1807.
300. Moeurs, Usages, Costumes des Ottomans. Par Castellan. Paris, 1812. 6
vols.12mo.--The value of this work is enhanced by the illustrations
supplied by Langles from oriental authors.
301. Lettres sur la Grèce. Par Castellan. Paris, 1810. 8vo.--The Hellespont
and Constantinople are the principal subjects of these letters, which are
lively and amusing in their pictures of manners and life. The same
character applies to his "Lettres sur l'Italie." Paris, 1819. 3 vols. 8vo.
302. Voyage à l'Embouchure de la Mer Noire. Par Andreossy. Paris, 1818.
8vo.--A valuable work on physical geography, and to the engineer and
architect, and such as might have been expected from the professional
pursuits and favourable opportunities of the author.
303. Lettres sur le Bosphore, 1816--19. 8vo. 1821.
304. Voyage Pittoresque et Historique de l'Istrie et de la Dalmatie, rédigé
d'après l'Itineraire de L.F. Cassas, peintre. Par J. Lavallée. Paris, 1802.
fol.--This splendid work, as its title indicates, principally relates to
antiquities: there are, however, interspersed notices on manners, commerce,
&c. Zara, celebrated for its marasquin, is particularly described.
305. Scrofani, Reise en Griechenland, 1794-5. Leip. 1801. 8vo.--The German
translation of this work, originally published in Italian, is superior to
the original, and to the French translation, by the addition of valuable
notes by the translator, and the omission of irrelevant matter. Scrofani
pays particular attention to commercial details respecting the Ionian
Isles, Dalmatia, the Morea, &c.
The Germans were celebrated for their skill in metallurgy, and their
knowledge of mineralogy, at a period when the rest of Europe paid little
attention to these subjects; and German travels in countries celebrated
for their mines are, therefore, valuable. Of the German travels in
Hungary and Transylvania, the greater part are mineralogical. We shall
select a few.
306. Born, Briefe uber Mineralogische gegenstande auf einer Reise durch den
Temeswarer Bannat, &c. Leip. 1774. 8vo.--This mineralogical tour in Hungary
and Transylvania by Born, and published by Ferber, possesess a sufficient
guarantee of its accuracy and value from the names of the author and
editor. It is, however, not confined to mineralogy, but contains curious
notices on some tribes inhabiting Transylvania and the adjacent districts,
very little known: it is translated into French.
307. Ferber, Physikalisch-metallurgische Abhandlunger uber die Gebirge and
Bergewecke in Ungarn. Berlin, 1780. 8vo.
308. Balthazar Hacquet, Reise von dem Berge Terglou in Krain, au den Berg
Glokner in Tyrol, 1779--1781. Vienne, 1784. 8vo.
309. Neueste Reisen, 1788--1795, durch die Daceschen und Sarmateschen
Carpathen. Von B. Hacquet. Nuremb. 1796. 4 vols. 8vo.
310. Briefe uber Triestes, Krain, Kærnthen, Steyermark, und Saltzburgh.
Franck. 1793. 8vo.
311. Briefe uber das Bannet. Von Steube, 1793. 8vo.
312. F. Grisselini, Lettere di Venetea, Trieste, Carinthia, Carnioli e
Temeswar. Milan, 1780. 4to.--Natural history and manners are here
described.
GERMANY.
This large district of Europe offers, not only from its extent, but also
from numerous causes of diversity among its parts,--some established by
nature, and others introduced by man--various numerous and important
objects to the research and observation of the traveller. Its mines,--
the productions of its soil and its manufactures,--the shades of its
expressive, copious, and most philosophical language,--from the
classical idiom of Saxony, to the comparatively rude and uncultivated
dialect of Austria,--the effects on manners, habits, feeling, and
intellectual and moral acquirements, produced by the different species
of the Christian religion professed,--and the different forms of
government prevailing in its different parts;--all these circumstances,
and others of a more evanescent and subtle, though still an influential
nature, render Germany a vast field for enquiry and observation.
The travels in this country, especially by its native inhabitants, are
so numerous, that we must content ourselves with a scrupulous and
limited selection;--referring such of our readers as wish to consult a
more copious catalogue, to "Ersch's Literatur der Geschichte und deren
Hulfswissenschaften." We shall follow our usual plan, selecting those
travels which give the best idea of the country, at remote, intervening,
and late periods.
313. Martini Zeilleri, Itinerarium Germaniæ nov-antiquæ. Strasb. 1632. 4to.
314. Christ. Dorrington's Reflections on a Journey through some Provinces
of Germany in 1698. Lond. 1699. 8vo.
315. The German Spy. By Thomas Ledyart. 1740. 8vo.
316. Keysler's Travels through Germany, Bohemia, Hungary, Switzerland,
Italy, and Lorrain. Translated from the German, 1756. 2 vols.
4to.--Keysler, though a German, was educated at St. Edmund's Hall: he
travelled with the Count of Gleich and other noblemen. His favourite study
was antiquities; but his judgment, in those parts of his travels which
relate to them, has been questioned. His work, though heavy, is interesting
from the picture it exhibits of Germany, &c. in the middle of the 18th
century.
317. Adams's Letters on Silesia, during a Tour in 1800-2. Philadelphia, 3
vols. 8vo.--Mr. Adams was ambassador from the United States to Berlin: his
work contains some interesting information, especially on the manufactures
of Silesia.
318. Cogan's Journey up the Rhine, from Utrecht to Frankfort. 2 vols. 8vo.
1794.--The style of this work is lively and interesting: its pictures of
manners and scenery good; and it contains a learned disquisition on the
origin of printing. Dr. Cogan resided the greater part of his life in
Holland.
319. Travels in the North of Germany. By Thomas Hodgskin, Esq. 2 vols. 8vo.
1820.--That part, of Germany between the Elbe and the frontiers of Holland
is here described: the topic is rather new; and Mr. H. has given us much
information on the agriculture, state of society, political institutions,
manners, &c.; interspersed with remarks, not in the best taste, or
indicating the soundest judgment or principles.
320. Letters from Mecklenberg and Holstein, 1820. By G. Downes. 8vo.--This
being a part of Germany seldom visited, every thing relating to it is
acceptable. Mr. Downes's work is, however, not so full and various as might
have been expected: on manners and German literature it is most
instructive.
321. An Autumn near the Rhine, or Sketches of Courts, Scenery, and Society,
in Germany, near the Rhine, 1821. 8vo.--The title indicates the objects of
this volume, which bespeaks an observant and intelligent mind.
322. Travels from Vienna, through Lower Hungary. By Dr. Bright. 1817.
4to.--Agriculture and statistics form the principal topics of this volume,
which would have been equally valuable and much more interesting if the
matter had been more compressed.
323. Historical and Statistical Account of Wallachia and Moldavia. By W.
Wilkinson. 1820. 8vo.--Mr. Wilkinson, from his situation as British Consul,
has been enabled to collect much information on these portions of Europe,
chiefly such as the title indicates, and also of a political nature.
324. Voyages de Reisbeck en Allemagne. Paris, 1793. 2 vols. 8vo.--This work
was originally published in German, under the title of Briefe eines
reisenden Franzosen durch Deutschland: there is also an English
translation. The travels took place in 1782: and the character of a French
traveller, in the German original, was assumed, to secure the author from
the probable effects of his severe remarks on the government, manners, and
customs of Germany. To these subjects, and others connected with man, his
agriculture, commerce, and other pursuits, Baron Reisbeck has chiefly
confined his attention: perhaps the truth and impartiality of his
strictures would be more readily acknowledged, if they were not so strongly
impregnated with a satirical feeling.
325. Journal d'un Voyage en Allemagne, 1773. Par M. Guibert. Paris, 1802.
2 vols. 8vo.--The celebrated author of the "Essai General sur la Tactique,"
naturally directed his attention during his travels to military affairs,
and to an examination and description of the sites of famous battles. But
this work by no means is confined to such topics; and the remarks with
which it abounds on more interesting subjects, are so evidently the fruit
of an acute and original mind, that they equally command our attention, and
instruct us.
326. Voyage en Hanovre, 1803-4. Par M.A.B. Mangourit. Paris, 1805.
8vo.--Politics, religion, agriculture, commerce, mineralogy, manners, and
customs, are discussed in this volume; and in general with good sense and
information. Hamburgh, Hanover, its government, universities, and
especially its mines, are particularly described.
327. Voyage dans quelques Parties de la Basse-Saxe, pour la Recherche des
Antiquités Slaves ou Wendes, 1794. Par J. Potocky. Hambro. 1795. 4to.
328. Journal d'un Voyage dans les Cercles du Rhin. Par Collini. Paris,
1777. 8vo.--Chiefly mineralogical.
329. Voyage sur le Rhin, depuis Mayence jusqu'à Dusseldorf. Newied, 1791.
8vo.--This tour contains some curious details on the subject of the wines
of the Rhingau.
330. Voyage en Autriche, &c. Par De Serres. Paris, 1814. 4 vols. 8vo.--An
immense mass of geographical and statistical information, in a great
measure drawn from German authors, on Austria, Hungary, and Bohemia.
331. Viaggio sul Reno e ne suoi contorni di P. Bertolo. 1795. 8vo.--These
travels, performed in the autumn of 1787, are elegantly written, rather
than very instructive. They contain, however, some valuable notices
respecting the volcanic appearances in the district of Andernach.
332. Briefe auf einer reise durch Deutschland, 1791. Leignitz, 1793. 2
vols. 8vo.--Arts, manufactures, and economy, are the principal topics of
these letters.
333. Die Donnau reise. Ratesbonne. 1760. 8vo.--These travels describe the
banks of the Danube, and the streams which flow into it.
334. Donnau Reise von Regensburgh bis Wein. Montag. 1802. 8vo.--The same
remark applies to this work, only, as the title indicates, it is confined
to the river and its streams, from Ratisbon to Vienna.
335. Reise durch Ober-Deutschland, OEsterreich, Nieder Bayern, Ober
Schwaben, Wirtemberg, Baden, &c. Saltz. 1778. 8vo.
336. Litterarische reisen durch einen theil von Bayern, Franken und die
Schweitz, 1780-2.; Von Zapf. Aug. 1782. 8vo.--The same author published
another literary tour among the convents of Swabia, and Switzerland, and
Bavaria; and in other parts of Franconia, Bavaria, and Swabia, in 1782.
These tours are strictly literary; that is, have regard to MSS. and scarce
editions, and are not scientific.
337. Reise durch einige Deutsche Provinzen, von Hollenberg. Stendal, 1782.
8vo.--Architecture and mechanics are the topics of these travels.
The following travels relate to the Hartz:
338. Geographische und Historische, Merkwurdigkeften des Ober Hartz. Leip.
1741. 8vo.
339. Reise nach dem Oberhartz. Von J.C. Sulzer.--Inserted in a collection
of travels published by J. Bernouilli.
340. Reise nach dern Unterhartz. 1783. Von Burgsdorf.--In the natural
history collection of Berlin.
341. Reise durch Ober Saxen und Hessen, von J. Apelbad. Berlin, 1785.
8vo.--Apelbad, a learned Swede, published a Collection of Voyages in
different Parts of Europe, in Swedish, Stockholm, 1762, 8vo; and Travels in
Saxony, in the same language, Stockholm, 1757, 8vo. There seems to have
been another of the same surname, Jonas Apelbad, who published in Swedish,
Travels in Pomerania and Brandenberg, Stockholm, 1757, 8vo. The work, of
which we have given the title in German, was translated by Bernouilli, who
has greatly enhanced the merits and utility of the original by his remarks.
Bernoulli's Collection of Travels,--Samlung kleiner reise beschriebungen,
Leips. 1781-7, 18 vols. 8vo., contains many interesting short narratives
and descriptions, particularly relating to Germany.
342. Reise durch die Norischen Alpen. Von Hacquet. Leips. 8vo. 1791.--These
travels, like the former by the same author, which we have mentioned, are
chiefly botanical and mineralogical.
343. Ausfluge nach dern Schnee-Berg in Unter-OEsterreich. Vienna, 1800.
8vo.--Botany, mineralogy, and what the Germans call economy, and
technology, are principally attended to in this work.
344. Wanderrungen und Spazierfahrten in die gegenden um Wien. Vienna,
1802-4. 5 vols. 8vo.--The title of this work would not lead the reader to
expect what he will find; valuable notices on mineralogy, agriculture,
arts, and manufactures, in the midst of light and lively sketches of
manners, places of amusement, &c.
345. Reise durch Sacksen. Von N.G. Leske. Leips. 1785. 4to.--Natural
history and economy.
346. Beobachtungen uber Natur und Menschen. Von F.E. Lieberoth. Frankfort,
1791. 8vo.
347. Economische und Statische reisen durch Chur-Sacksen, &c. Von H. Engel.
Leips. 1803. 8vo.
348. Bemerkungen einer Reisenden durch die Prussischen Staaten. Von J.H.
Ulrich. Altenb. 1781. 8vo.
349. Briefe uber Schlesien Krakau, und die Glatz. 1791. Von J.L. Zoellner.
Berlin, 1793. 2 vols. 8vo.
350. Reise durch einer Theil Preussen, Hambro, 1801. 2 vols. 8vo.--This
work was drawn up by two travellers: one of whom supplied the statistical
remarks, and the other, who traversed Prussia on foot, the remarks on
entomology, amber, the sturgeon fishery, and other branches of natural
history and economics.
351. Wanderrungen durch Rugen. Von Carl. Nernst. Dusseld. 1801. 8vo.--This
island affords interesting notices on manners, ancient superstitions,
particularly the worship of Ertha, besides statistical and geographical
remarks.
352. Rhein-Reise. Von A.J. Von Wakerbert. Halberstadt, 1794. 8vo.
353. Ansichten des Rheins. Von Jno. Vogt. Bremen, 1805. 8vo.--This is a
strange mixture of the picturesque, the romantic, and the instructive: the
instructive parts contain historical and topographical notices of the
cities on the Rhine, and curious details on its most famous wines.
354. Historische Jaarbocken, von oud nieven Friesland door Foeke Siverd.
Leowarden, 1769. 8vo.--We insert the title of this work, though not
strictly within our plan, because it gives an accurate account of a part of
Germany, the dialect of which more resembles old English than any other
German dialect; and in which there still lurk many very curious traditions,
customs, and superstitions, which throw much light on our Saxon ancestors.
SWITZERLAND.
Perhaps no country in the world, certainly no district within such a
small circuit, presents so many interesting objects to a traveller as
Switzerland. Be he natural historian, and geologist, drawn by habit,
feeling, and taste, to the contemplation of all that is grand, romantic,
and picturesque in natural scenery, or attached to the study of man in
that state, in which civilization and knowledge have brought with them
the least intermixture of artifice, luxury, and dissoluteness--in
Switzerland, he will find an ample and rich feast. It does not often
happen that one and the same country attracts to it the abstract and
cold man of science, the ardent imagination of the poet, and the strong,
enthusiastic, and sanguine sympathies of the philanthropist.
355. Descriptio Helvetiæ, a Marso, 1555-9. 4to.--Marsus was ambassador from
the Emperor and King of Spain, Charles V., to the Swiss, and gives a
curious picture of their manners at this period.
356. Helvetia Profana et Sacra. 1642. 4to.--This work by Scotti, which is
written in English, depicts the manners of the Swiss a century after
Marsus.
357. Travels through the Rhætian Alps. By Beaumont, 1782, fol.--Travels
through the Pennine Alps, by the same, 1788. small folio, both translated
from the French.
358. Travels in Switzerland, and in the country of the Grisons, by the Rev.
W. Coxe, 1791. 3 vols. 8vo.--These travels were performed in 1776, and
again in 1785 and 1787, and bear and deserve the same character as the
author's travels in Russia, &c., of which we have already spoken. Mr. Coxe
gives a list of books on Switzerland at the end of his 3d volume, which may
be consulted with advantage. There is a similar list at the end of his
travels in Russia, &c.
359. A Walk through Switzerland, in Sept. 1816. 12mo.--The scenery and
manners sketched with much feeling, taste, and judgment, in an animated
style.
360. Journal of a Tour and Residence in Switzerland. By L. Simond. 1822.
2 vols. 8vo.--A description of Switzerland and the Swiss, which brings them
in a clearer and stronger point of view, to the presence and comprehension
of the reader than most travels in this country: though the range of
observation and remark is not so extensive in this work, as in the author's
work on Great Britain; in every other respect it is equal to it. The second
volume is entirely historical.
The following French works particularly and accurately describe the
natural history and the meteorology of the Swiss mountains and glaciers;
the names of at least two of their authors must be familiar to our
readers, as men of distinguished science.
361. Histoire Naturelle des Glaciers de Suisse. Paris, 1770. 4to.
Translated from the German of Gruner.
362. Nouvelle Description des Glaciers. Par M. Bourrit. Geneva, 1785.
3 vols. 8vo.--This work of Bourrit is chiefly confined to the Valais and
Savoy, and its most important contents are given in the following work by
the same author.
363. Nouvelle Description des Glaciers de la Savoie, particulièrement de la
Vallèe de Chamouny et du Mont Blanc. 1785, 8vo.--This work contains an
account of the author's successful attempt to ascend the summit of Mont
Blanc. There are several other works of Bourrit on the Glaciers and
Mountains of Savoy: the latest and most complete is the following:
364. Descriptions des Cols ou Passages des Alpes. Geneva, 1803. 2 vols.
8vo.
365. Voyage dans les Alpes, précédé d'un Essai sur l'Histoire Naturelle des
Environs de Geneva. Par Saussure. Geneva, 1787--1796. 8 vols. 8vo.
366. Relation abrégée d'un Voyage à la Cime du Mont Blanc, en Aout, 1787.
Par Saussure, Geneva. 8vo.
367. Voyage Minéralogique en Suisse. Lausanne, 1783-4. 8vo.
368. Voyage Minéralogique dans le Gouvernement de l'Argh, et ne partie du
Valais. Lausanne, 1783. 8vo.--The first of these works by Razoumousky, and
the other by Behoumwesky, are valuable, as noticing those parts which
Saussure has not noticed.
369. Lettres sur quelques Parties de la Suisse, &c. Par J.A. de Luc. Paris,
1785. 8vo. Geological.
370. Voyage de J.M. Roland en Suisse, 1787: incribed in the 3d vol. of her
works. Paris, 1800.--This celebrated, but mistaken and unfortunate woman,
has thrown into her narrative much information on the manners of the Swiss,
anecdotes of Lavater, &c. besides giving a most lively account of her visit
to the glaciers.
371. Descriptions des Alpes Grecques et Cottiennes. Par Beaumont. 2 vols.
4to.--Part of this work is historical; the remainder embraces natural
history, mineralogy, statistics, and manners.--The same character applies
to No. 357.
372. Histoire Naturelle du Jurat et de ses Environs. Par le Comte de
Razoumousky. Lausanne, 1789. 2 vols. 8vo.--The lakes of Neufchàtel, Morat,
and Bienne, and part of the Pays de Vaud, are described in this work, which
contains valuable information in meteorology, commerce, &c. besides natural
history.
373. Journal du dernier Voyage de Dolomieu dans les Alpes. Par J.C.
Bruien-Neergard. Paris, 1803. 8vo.--The French government directed Dolomieu
to examine the Simplon; he was accompanied by the author, a young Dane, his
pupil. Dolomieu died soon after his return: this work, therefore, is not
nearly so full as it would have been, had he lived to give his observations
to the public.
374. Lettre sur le Valais. Par M. Eschasseraux. Paris, 1806. 8vo.--This
work, written in a pleasing style, gives important information on the
manners and natural history of this most interesting part of Switzerland.
375. Voyage dans l'Oberland Bernois. Par J.R. Wyss. Leipsic, 1818.
8vo.--This work, translated from the German, is chiefly picturesque.
376. Fodere, Voyage aux Alpes Maritimes. Paris, 1820. 2 vols.
8vo.--Agriculture, natural history, and the state of medicine, are the
principal topics.
377. Briefe aus der Schweitz, &c. Von Andreæ. Zurich, 1776. 4to.--Natural
history, and a particular description of the celebrated bridge of
Schaffhausen, and its mechanism, are what recommend this volume.
Bernouilli, in his travels in Switzerland, has copied Andreæ in what
relates to mineralogy and cabinets of natural history; but he has added
some interesting descriptions of paintings.
378. Kleine reisen durch einige Schweizer-Cantons. Bâle, 1780. 8vo.
379. Letters on a Pastoral District, (the Valley of Samen in Fribourg). By
Bonstellen (in German). Zurich, 1792. 8vo.
380. Physikalesch-Politische Reisen, aus der Dinarischen durch die
Julischen, &c. in die Norischen. Alpen, 1781-83. Von B. Hacquet. Leipsic,
1784. 8vo.
381. Malerische Reise in die Italianische Schweitz. Von J.H. Mayer. Zurich,
1793. 8vo.--Mayer, in this work, as well as in travels in Italy, has been
very happy in picturesque description.
382. Meine Wanderungen durch die Romanische Schweitz, Unterwaller und
Savoyen. 1791. Tubingen, 1793. 8vo.
383. Kleine Fuss-reisen durch die Schweitz. Zurich, 1804. 2 vols.
8vo.--Parts of Switzerland are here described, which are seldom visited,
and can be thoroughly known only by foot travellers.
384. Anleitung auf die nuzlichste und genussvollste art die Schweitz zu
Bereisen. Von J.C. Ebel. Zurich, 1804-5. 4 vols. 8vo.--This most excellent
work affords every kind of information which a person proposing to travel,
or reside in Switzerland, would wish to acquire. It has been translated
into French under the title of Manuel du Voyageur en Suisse. Zurich, 1818.
3 vols. 8vo. This contains all the additions of the 3d German edition.
ITALY.
As the traveller descends the Alps, the first regions of Italy into
which he passes present him with mountains subdued in size, and
gradually passing from magnificence to grandeur and beauty; then the
rich and luxuriant plains of Lombardy meet him with their improved
agriculture, and in some places curious geology. He next advances to
those parts of Italy which are rich in the finest monuments of art, and
associated with all that is interesting in the period of the revival of
literature; with Dante, Boccacio, Petrarch, Ariosto, Tasso, and the
Medici. The proofs of commercial wealth, united with magnificence and
taste, present themselves to him in the palaces of Genoa, Venice, and
Florence; and he hears, on every side, the most classical tongue of
modern Europe.
Rome, with which, in conjunction with Greece, the associations of his
frank and enthusiastic youth have been deeply formed, next rises to
view: to the classical scholar, the antiquarian, the man of taste and
virtue, the admirer of all that is most perfect in human conception, as
brought into existence by the genius of Michael Angelo, and Raphael,
this city affords rich and ample materials for study and description,
though it is unable to excite that grandest feeling of the human breast,
which is raised by the land of Leonidas and of Socrates. Greece fought
for liberty! Rome for conquest! The philosophy of Rome is less original,
less pure and disinterested, less practical than that of Greece.
Through all this part of Italy the geologist finds materials for
examination and conjecture, in the ridge of the Appennines: and these,
rendered still more interesting, accompany him into the Neapolitan
territory, both continental and insular.
Such are the principal subjects to which travellers have directed their
attention in Italy; and the travels which chiefly relate to these
subjects, and treat of them in the best manner, we shall select.
385. Les Observations Antiques du Seigneur Symion, Florentin, en son
dernier Voyage d'Italie, 1557. Lyons, 1558. 4to--The principal merit of
this work consists in the description and engravings of several remains of
antiquity, which no longer exist.
386. An Itinerary of a Voyage through Italy, 1646, 1647. By John Raymond.
1648. 12mo.
387. Misson's New Voyage to Italy, 1704. 4 vols. 8vo.--This work is
translated from the French; and contains the first general account of this
country which appeared, but in many places incorrect and prejudiced.
Addison's remarks on Italy are published with this edition of Misson; they
are classical; and in fact a commentary made on the spot, on the
descriptions of Virgil. Subsequent travellers, however, in some places
differ from him in opinion, and in others question his accuracy and
judgment.
388. Grosley's Observations on Italy. 2 vols. 8vo.--Chiefly political and
anecdotal; in some parts of doubtful authority: translated from the French.
389. Sharp's Letters on Italy. 1769. 4 vols. 8vo.--Barretti's Account of
the Manners and Customs of Italy. 1770. 2 vols. 8vo.--These works are
noticed principally because they afford a curious and instructive proof of
the very different views which may be taken of the same objects, according
to the extent and accuracy of the knowledge, and the preconceived opinions
and feelings of the observer. Barretti's work is certainly more accurate
than that of Sharp, but in opposing him, he has sometimes gone into the
opposite extreme: from comparing both, perhaps the reality may often be
extracted. Manners and national character are their chief topics.
390. View of Society and Manners in Italy. By Dr. Moore, 1781. 2 vols.
8vo.--The peculiar felicity of description and style with which this author
paints manners, render these travels, as well as his others, extremely
interesting.
391. Observations on Mount Vesuvius, Mount Etna, and other Volcanoes. By
Sir W. Hamilton. Naples, 1776. 2 vols. folio.--London, 1772. 8vo.
392. Travels in the Two Sicilies. By H. Swinburne, 1790. 4 vols. 8vo.
393. Denon's Travels in Sicily and Malta, translated from the French.
8vo.--Denon, an artist, accompanied Swinburne in his excursions to the
vicinity of Naples, and into Sicily. These works are historical,
geographical, and antiquarian, but heavily written.
394. Spallanzani's Travels in the Two Sicilies, and some parts of the
Apennines, 1798. 4 vols. 8vo.--Translated from the Italian. Natural history
forms the principal subject of these volumes, which are worthy of the
author, who was esteemed one of the first natural historians of His age.
395. Boisgelin's Ancient and Modern Malta. 3 vols. 4to. translated from the
French.--Only the first part of this work is descriptive, and it certainly
contains an interesting account of Malta and the Maltese; the rest of the
work is historical.
396. Brydon's Tour through Sicily and Malta. 2 vols. 8vo. 1776.--Liveliness
of description of scenery and manners, couched in an easy and elegant
style, has rendered these volumes extremely popular, notwithstanding they
do
not display much learning or knowledge, and are even sometimes superficial
and inaccurate.
397. Boswell's Account of Corsica. 1768. 8vo.--Interesting details
respecting Paoli, as well as on the island and its inhabitants.
398. Eustace's Classical Tour through Italy. 4 vols. 8vo.
399. Classical Tour through Italy and Sicily. By Sir R.C.Hoare, Bart. 1819.
4to.--Mr. Eustace's work is very full and minute in the subject which the
title indicates; it is written in good taste, but in rather a prolix style;
his statements, however, are not always to be depended on, especially where
his political or religious opinions interfere. Sir R. Hoare's work is meant
as a supplement to Mr. Eustace's.
400. Remarks on Antiquities, Arts and Letters, during an excursion in
Italy, in 1802-3. By Joseph Forsyth. 1816. 8vo.--This is an admirable work,
giving in a short compass much information, and indicating strong powers of
mind, and a correct taste.
401. Sketches Descriptive of Italy, 1816-17. 4 vols. 12mo. 1820.
402. Letters from the North of Italy. By W.S. Rose, 1819. 2 vols.
8vo.--Free and judicious remarks on the political degradation of this fair
portion of Italy, with notes on manners, the state of society, &c.
403. Three Months passed in the Mountains East of Rome, in 1819. By Maria
Graham, 8vo.--An interesting and well-written picture of manners and
character, together with notices on the productions of the soil, &c.
404. Voyage to the Isle of Elba. By A.T. de Berneaud, 1814. 8vo.--This
work, translated from the French, contains a very accurate survey of this
island.
405. Tour through Elba. By Sir R.C. Hoare, bart. 1814. 4to.--Only seventeen
pages are devoted to the journal, the remainder of the books consists of 8
views and a map: and a sketch of the character of Buonaparte.
406. Le Voyage et Observations de plusieurs Choses qui se peuvent remarquer
en Italie. Par le Sieur Adelier. Paris, 1656. 8vo.--Interesting, from
exhibiting a well-drawn picture of the manners of Italy at this period:
with greater attention to natural history than was usual when Adelier
wrote.
407. Voyage en Italie. Par M. de Lalande. Geneve, 1790. 7 vols. 8vo.--This
large work embraces a vast variety of subjects, and in general they are
treated in a masterly manner; manners, government, commerce, literature,
the arts, natural history, antiquities, sculpture, paintings, &c. His
narration of the building of St. Peters is very full, curious, and
interesting.
408. Voyage en Italie. Par. M. Duclos. Paris, 1791. 8vo.--Chiefly remarks
on the government and political situation of the various states of Italy,
with anecdotes and facts relating to these topics; expressed with an open
and unshrinking boldness, not to have been expected from one who was the
historiographer of France at the period when Duclos travelled, 1766-7.
409. Lettres Historiques et Antiques de Charles de Brosses. Paris, 1799. 3
vols. 8vo.--These letters by the celebrated De Brosses, author of
L'Histoire des Navigations aux Terres Australes, and other works, hardly
are equal to the literary reputation of the author; they paint with
considerable force, though sometimes in too strong colours, the
imperfections, follies, and vices of the Italians; and display good taste
and judgment respecting the fine arts.
410. Voyage en Italie. De M. L'Abbé Barthelemi. Paris, 1802. 8vp.--The
author of the travels of Anacharsis has here exhibited himself in the midst
of his favourite pursuits; the precious remains of antiquity are described
with an accuracy seldom equalled, and in a style which renders the
description attractive, even to those who are not particularly conversant
or interested in these topics. The work is grounded on letters written to
Count Caylus; and contains, in an Appendix, some remarks of Winkelman,
Jacquier, &c. This work has been translated into English. The travels of De
Brosses and Barthelemi were performed in the middle of the eighteenth
century.
411. Voyage dans le Montaniata et le Siennois. Par G. Santi. Lyons, 1802. 2
vols. 8vo.--This work, translated from the Italian, relates to mineralogy,
botany, agriculture, and statistics.
412. Voyage sur la Scène des six derniers livres de L'Eneide. Par C.V. de
Bonstetten. Geneva, 1805. 8vo.--The first part of this work, the nature of
which is expressed by the title, is much superior to the travels of
Addison, in extent of classical research, in originality of views, and in
clearness of description: in this part there are also interesting
particulars respecting Latium. In the second part, the author principally
dwells on the Campagna, the causes of its depopulation, and its
agriculture; this introduces some excellent observations on the agriculture
of the ancient Romans, and the connection between it and their manners and
religion; other topics are introduced, and treated in an able manner.
413. Voyages Physiques et Lithologiques dans la Campagna. Par Scipion
Brieslack. Paris, 1800. 2 vols. 8vo.--Facts and conjectures on the
formation of the Campagna, and on the soil of the territory and
neighbourhood of Rome; on the extinct craters betwixt Naples and Canna, and
on that of Vesuvius, render this work instructive and interesting to the
geologist, while the picture of the Lazaroni must render this portion of
his work attractive to the general reader.
414. Voyage en Sicile et dans la Grande-Grèce. Par le Baron de Riedesel,
Paris, 1773. 12mo.--This work, translated from the German, is formed of
letters addressed to Winkelman, describing minutely, and with great taste,
learning, and accuracy, the magnificent views with which the scene of his
travels abounds, and contrasting them in ruins with their original
perfection, as delineated in ancient authors. Interspersed are remarks on
the manners and character of the inhabitants.
415. Lettres sur la Sicile et sur Malta, de M. le Comte de Borch, 1777.
Turin, 1782. 2 vols. 8vo.--The object of the author is to supply the
omissions and correct the mistakes of Brydon.
416. Voyage aux Isles Lipari, 1781. Par D. Dolomieu. Paris, 1788,
8vo..--The character of Dolomieu sufficiently points out the nature and
value of this work. A Supplement was published the same year, under the
title of Mémoire sur les Isles Ponces. Par Dolomieu. Paris. 8vo.
417. Voyage Historique Littéraire et Pittoresque dans les Isles et
Possessions ci-devant Venétiennes du Levant. Par A. Grasset-Saint-Sauveur,
jun. Paris, 1800. 3 vols. 8vo.--The author was French Consul at the Ionian
Islands for many years; and hence he had opportunities which he seems to
have employed with diligence and judgment, of gathering materials for this
work, which, besides what its title indicates, enters fully into the
agriculture, navigation, commerce, manners, &c.
418. Histoire Géographique, Politique, et Naturelle, de la Sardignie. Par
D.A. Azami. Paris, 1801. 2 vols. 8vo.--Of this island we know less than of
any other part of Europe; it has been seldom explored, and still seldomer
described. There is certainly no work we are acquainted with, that gives
such a complete and accurate account of this island and its inhabitants as
Azami's.
419. Moeurs' et Coutumes des Corses. Par G. Faydel. Paris, 1798.
8vo.--Agriculture and natural history, rather popular than scientific;
commerce and other similar topics are treated of in this work, though the
title would lead us to expect only description of manners and customs.
420. Voyage Antique à l'Etna, en 1819. Par Gourbillon. 1820.--Chiefly
relating to the natural history, and meteorology of the mountain.
421. Historisch Kritische Nachrichten von Italien. Von J.J. Volkman.
Leipsic, 1770--1778. 3 vols. 8vo.--Manners, customs, politics, commerce,
the state of the arts and sciences are treated of in these volumes.
422. Zusætze zu der Neusten Reise Beschriebung von Italien. Von J.
Bernouilli. Leip. 1777--1782. 3 vols. 8vo.
423. Darstellungen aus Italien. Von F.J.L. Meyer. Berlin, 1792. 8vo.--This
is a romantic work for a German; the author actually luxuriates in the
recollections called up by the country of Michael Angelo, Raphael,
Palladio, &c., and in his contemplation of the scenes of the convulsions of
nature, and of the most striking incidents in the classical and middle
ages. Independently of this extravagance of style, this work is valuable,
especially in what relates to the Tyrol, where indeed his style is more
simple. It is translated into French.
424. Briefe uber Calabrien und Sicilien. Von J.H. Bartels. Gottingen,
1789-1792. 3 vols. 8vo.--This is an excellent work on a part of the
continent of Italy little known; the physical constitution of the country,
natural productions, agriculture, manners, &c. are treated of in a sensible
and pleasant manner.
425. Brieven over Italien. Door W.R. Jansen. Lugden, 1793. 8vo.--We notice
this work, principally because it relates to the state of medicine, as well
as the natural history of Italy.
426. Eichholz, neue Briefe uber italien. 4 vols. 8vo. Zurich, 1806.
427. Reise nach Dalmatien und Ragusa. Von. E.F. Germar, 8vo. Leip. 1817.
428. Viaggio Geologico sur diversi Parti Meriodinali dell Italia. Milan,
1804. 8vo.--This work, by Pini, a naturalist of reputation, is instructive
in the geology of the country between Modena and Florence, of the Campagna,
and of part of Naples; there are also remarks on the antiquity and extent
of the Italian Volcanoes.
429. Viaggio da Milano ai tre Laghi Maggiore, di Lugano, e di Como. Del C.
Amoretti. Milan, 1803. 4to.--Mineralogy, and especially the various species
of marble, zoology, and manners and customs, are here described, as well as
the celebrated lakes mentioned in the title.
430. Spallanzani Lettere al Sig. Marchese Luchesini, Sopre le Coste dell
Adriatico. Paris, 1789. 4 vols. 4to.
FRANCE
The author of the Bibliothèque des Voyages remarks, that no country in
Europe has been so imperfectly described by travellers as France:
certainly, if we compare the descriptions they give of it with the
descriptions given by travellers of other countries, there appears good
ground for this observation. And yet France offers a rich harvest for
travellers of almost all kinds: the customs and usages of the people;
the general character so strongly stamped on the whole nation, and the
various shades of it in different provinces; the effects that have been
produced by the different events of their history, and especially by
their revolution; all these things present to the traveller, who studies
human nature, rich and ample materials. To the geologist, the
mineralogist, and botanist, especially to the former, France also is an
interesting country, especially since Cuvier and other learned men in
this department of science, have displayed the stores of important facts
which France offers on this subject: her agriculture, and especially her
vine districts, present a source of interest of a different kind; while,
in the southern provinces, her antiquities, though not numerous, attract
by their beauty the man of taste.
431. Matthæi Quadt Delicicæ Gallicæ, seu Itinerarium per Universam Galliam.
Frankfort, 1603. fol.
432. Deliciæ Galliae, seu Itinerarium in Universam Galliam, a Gasp. Ens.
Cologne, 1609. 8vo.
433. A Tour through the Western, Southern, and Interior Provinces of
France. By N.W. Wraxall. London, 1772. 8vo.--This work bears all the
characters of Mr. Wraxall's other productions: slight and superficial so
far as manners are concerned: offering no information on agriculture,
statistics, or natural history; with, however, some interesting historical
details. It is noticed here, because the travels in France are so few, that
even those of moderate merit must be admitted.
434. Travels through France: to which is added, a Register of a Tour into
Spain in 1787-89. By Arthur Young. 2 vols. 4to. 1792.--This is a most
valuable and useful work; for though the professed object of Mr. Young was
agriculture, yet it abounds in well-drawn pictures of manners and national
character, and it derives additional interest from having been performed at
the commencement of the revolution.
435. Journal during a Residence in France, from the beginning of August to
the middle of December 1792. By Dr. John Moore. 2 vols. 8vo.--This work may
be regarded in some measure as historical; yet it may also properly be
placed here as exhibiting a strong picture of manners and feelings, as well
as of events, at this interesting period.
436. Tour through several of the Midland and Western Departments of France,
in the Summer of 1802. By the Rev. H. Hughes. London, 1802. 8vo.
437. Bugge's Travels in France. 1798-99. 12mo.--This work was written
originally in Danish, and was afterwards translated into French. The
author, a celebrated astronomer and professor of mathematics at Copenhagen,
was sent to Paris to attend a committee on weights and measures. His
travels are particularly interesting from the account they give of the
different scientific and literary establishments in France.
438. Anglo-Norman Antiquities considered, in a Tour through Normandy. By
A.C. Ducarel. Fol. 1767.--A valuable work on this particular subject.
439. Narrative of a Three Years' Residence in France, principally in the
Southern Departments. 1802-5. By Anne Plumptree. 3 vols. 8vo.--Some useful
information on the productions, scenery, and manners of this part of
France, may be collected from these volumes.
440. Travels through the South of France, 1807-8. By Lieut.-Col. Pinckney.
4to.--These travels were performed in a part of France not often visited.
They give light and amusing sketches of the manners, customs, and state of
society there; but there is a manifest tendency to exaggeration in them.
441. Account of a Tour in Normandy. By Dawson Turner. 1821. 2 vols.
8vo.--Architectural antiquities form the chief topic; historical notices
and manners are also given: all indicating a well-informed and intelligent
mind.
442. Letters written during a Tour through Normandy, Brittany, and other
Parts of France, in 1818. By Mrs. C. Stothard. 4to. 1821.--Much information
on the manners, habits, &c. of the inhabitants of Brittany, a part of
France not much visited by travellers; besides local and historical
descriptions.
443. Itinerary of Provence and the Rhine. 1819. By J. Hughes. 8vo.--A
useful book, and some parts of it very interesting.
444. Voyage Littéraire de la France. Par Deux Bénédictins. (D.D. Martine et
Durand.) Paris, 1730. 2 vols. 4to.--This work relates to monuments and
inscriptions, of which it gives an accurate account.
445. Voyage Géographique et Pittoresque des Départements de la France.
Paris, 1794-97, 11 vols. fol.
446. Voyage dans les Départements de la France. Par La Vallée, pour le
Texte; Brun père, pour la Partie Géographique; Brun fils, pour celle de
Dessein. Paris, 1790--1800. 100 cahiers, 8vo.
447. Voyage en France, enrichi de belles Gravures. Paris, 1798. 4 vols.
18mo.--These works, in conjunction with the following, though not strictly
within our plan, as being not the result of the observations of the authors
themselves, are noticed here, because they give the most full and
satisfactory information respecting France, geographical, descriptive,
statistical, &c. Statistique Générale et Particulière de la France. Par une
Société des Gens de Lettres. Paris, 1805. 7 vols. 8vo.
448. Collection des Statistiques de chaque Département, imprimée par Ordre
du Ministère du l'Intérieure, au nombre de trente-quatre.
449. Recherches Economiques et Statistiques sur le Departement de la Loire
Inférieure. Par J.R. Heuet. Nantes, 1804. 8vo.
450. Statistique Elémentaire de la France. Par J. Peuchet. Paris, 1805.
8vo.
451. Essai sur les Volcans éteints du Vivarais. Par Faujas de Saint Fond.
Paris, 1778. fol.
452. Histoire Naturelle du Dauphiné. Par le Méme. Grenoble, 1781.
4to.--These works, the result of travels in the district to which they
allude, are valuable to the mineralogist and geologist.
453. Voyage en Provence. Par M. l'Abbé Papou. Paris, 1787. 2 vols.
12mo.--The objects of these travels are historical, literary, and
picturesque.
454. Observations faites dans les Pyrenées. Par Ramond. Paris, 1789. 8vo.
455. Voyage au Mont Perdu, et dans les Partes adjacentes des Hautes
Pyrennées. Par Raymond. Paris, 1801. 8vo.--Although these works principally
relate to the formation, natural history, and meteorology of the Pyrennees,
yet the dryness of scientific observation and research is most agreeably
relieved by a lively picture of manners, as well as by the interesting
personal adventures of the author in his attempts to reach the summit of
the mountains. There is an English translation of the former of these
works.
456. Voyage en 1787-88, dans la ci-devant Haute et Basse Auvergne. Par Le
Grand D'Aussy. Paris, 1795. 3 vols. 8vo.
457. Tableau de la ci-devant Provence D'Auvergne. Par Rabine Beauregard, et
P.M. Gault. Paris, 1802. 8vo.--No district in France presents such a
variety of interesting objects as Auvergne; its inhabitants, in their
language, dress, manners, and mode of life; its agriculture, its natural
history, and its antiquities of the classical and middle ages. Le Grand
D'Aussy treats well of all but the last, and this is supplied by the other
work; its agriculture is more fully considered in the following:
458. Voyage Agronomique en Auvergne. Paris, 8vo. 1803.
459. Description du Département de l'Oise. Par Cambri. Paris, 1803. 2 vols.
8vo.--Agriculture, roads, canals, manufactures, commerce, antiquities, are
treated of in this work in such a satisfactory manner, that the author of
the Bibiothèque expresses a wish that all the departments were described as
well as this, and the department of Finisterre by the same author, and
Auvergne by Le Grand D'Aussy.
460. Voyage Agronomique dans la Senatorerie de Dijon. Par N. Francais de
Neufchâteau. Paris, 1806. 8vo.
461. Voyage dans le Jura. Par Lequinio. Paris, 1801. 8vo.--Much information
in agriculture, natural history, &c. is given by this author, in an
unpleasant style, and with little regard to method.
462. Voyage de Paris à Strasbourg. Paris, 1802. 8vo.--Relates to the
agriculture and statistics of the departments through which the author
travelled, and particularly the Lower Rhine.
463. Voyage dans la ci-devant Belgique, et sur la Rive Gauche du Rhin. Par
Briton, et Brun père et fils. Paris, 1802. 2 vols. 8vo.--Commerce,
manufactures, arts, manners, and mineralogy, enter into these volumes.
Sometimes, however, rather in a desultory and superficial style.
464. Voyage dans les Départements nouvellement réunis, et dans le
Départements du Bas Rhin, du Nord, du Pas de Calais, et de la Somme. 1802.
Par A.G. Camus. Paris, 2 vols. 8vo.--Camus was sent by the French
government to examine the archives and titles of the new departments: the
Institute at the same time deputed him to examine into the state of
science, literature, and manufactures: on the latter topics, and on the
state of the hospitals, the work is full of details. The information he
collected respecting the archives, he does not give.
465. Briefe eines Sudlanders, von Fischer. Leipsic, 1805. 8vo.--Besides
descriptions of the principal cities in France, this work contains an
account of the fisheries of the Mediterranean; the arsenal of Toulon; the
department of Vaucluse; the Provencal language, &c. The same author has
published Travels in the Pyrennees, drawn up from the works of most
scientific travellers among these mountains.
466. Reise durch eine theil des Westlichen Franckreichs. Leipsic, 1803.
8vo.--This is also by the same author, and contains an excellent
statistical description of Britanny, a full account of Brest and its
maritime establishments, and of the famous lead mines of Poulavoine, and of
Huelgeat. The first part of this word, _huel_, is exactly the prefix
to the names of many of the mines in Cornwall.
467. Reise door Frankryk. Door Van der Willigen. Haarlem, 8vo.
468. Reisen durch die Sudlichen, Westlichen und Nordlichen, Provinzen. Von
Frankreich. 1807-9. und 1815. Frank. 2 vols. 8vo. 1816.--French literature,
the Spanish revolution in 1808, and the Basque language, are chiefly
treated of.
469. Remarques faites dans un Voyage de Paris jusqu'à Munich. Par Depping.
Paris, 1814. 8vo.--A most judicious and instructive book, noticing all that
is really interesting in this route, and nothing else, and thus conveying
much information in a small compass.
THE NETHERLANDS.
This portion of Europe presents to the traveller fewer varieties for his
research and observation than any other part of Europe: in almost every
other part the mineralogist and geologist find rich materials for the
increase of their knowledge or the formation of their theories; and the
admirer of the beautiful, the picturesque, or the sublime, is gratified.
The Netherlands are barren to both these travellers; yet in some
respects it is a highly interesting country: and the interest it
excites, chiefly arises from circumstances peculiar to it. The northern
division discovers a district won from the sea by most laborious,
persevering, and unremitted industry, and kept from it by the same
means. The middle division recalls those ages, when it formed the link
between the feeble commerce of the south of Europe, and of Asia and of
the Baltic districts. Antwerp, Ghent, and Bruges then were populous and
rich above most cities in Europe. The whole of the Netherlands,
especially Flanders, may be regarded as the birth-place of modern
agriculture, which spread from it to England, where alone it flourishes
in a vigorous and advanced state, but still in some points not to be
compared to that of the country from which it came. Such, with the
admirable paintings of the Dutch School, are the chief objects that
attract the traveller to the Netherlands, independently of the desire to
study human nature, which here also will find ample materials.
470. Descrizione di Ludovico Guicciardini di tutti Paesi Bassi. Antwerp,
1501. fol.--This work, which was translated into Latin, French, and Dutch,
was written by the nephew of the historian; it is the result of his own
travels in the Netherlands, and contains a full description of them,
particularly of their principal towns, and their commerce.
471. Observations on the United Provinces. By Sir W. Temple. 8vo. &
12mo.--Sir W. Temple was embassador at the Hague in 1668: his little work
contains much information on the history, government, manners, religion,
commerce, &c. of the United Provinces.
472. Travels in Flanders and Holland in 1781. By Sir Joshua Reynolds.
Confined to pictures.
473. Tour through the Batavian Republic during the last part of the year
1800. By R. Fell. 1801. 8vo.--This work gives an interesting picture of
Holland and the Dutch at this period, besides historical and political
details and observations on its connexion with France.
474. Neue Beschriebung des Burgundischen und Neiderlan dischen Kreises. Von
Mart. Leiller. Ulm, 1649. 8vo.
475. Statische-Geographische, Beschriebung der Semtlichen Esterreichischen
Niederlande. Von Crome. Dessau, 1785. 8vo.
476. Neueste Reisen durch die Sieben Vereinigten-Provinzen. Von Volkman.
Leip. 1783. 8vo.--This is a valuable work, comprising the arts,
manufactures, agriculture, economy, manners, &c. of the United Provinces.
477. Briefe uber die Vereinigten Niederlande. Von Grabner. Gothen, 1792.
8vo.
478. Lettres sur la Hollande Ancienne et Moderne. Par Beaumarchais.
Frankfort, 1738. 8vo.--A good description of Holland and the Dutch, by a
sensible and observant author: principally relating to manners and
politics.
479. Lettres sur la Hollande, 1777-79. La Haye, 1780. 2 vols. 12mo.--This
is
by far the fullest, most minute, and, we believe, the most accurate picture
of the Dutch national character, as exhibited in their manners, customs,
cities, villages, houses, gardens, canals, domestic economy, pursuits,
amusements, religion, &c.
480. Histoire Géographique, Physique, Nationelle et Civile de la Hollande.
Par M. Le Francq de Berkhey, 1782. 4 vols. 12mo.--This work was written in
Dutch by the professor of Natural History in the University of Leyden, and
on this topic and manners it is particularly instructive and interesting.
481. Statistique de la Batavie. Par M. Estienne. Paris, 1803. 8vo.--In a
short compass, this work contains, not only statistical information,
strictly so called, but also much information in natural history, the state
of the arts and sciences, manners and politics.
482. Voyage Historique et Pittoresque dans les Pays Bas, 1811-13. Par
Syphorien. Paris, 1813. 2 vols. 8vo.
GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND.
When we reflect on the political institutions of our own country; the
circumstances in our history to which their origin, improvement, and
modifications may be traced; the influence they have had on our habits
of thought, our feelings, our domestic and public life, and the other
elements of our national character, as well as on agriculture,
manufactures, commerce, and influence and power;--we shall not be
accused of vanity or presumption, if, so far as man is concerned, we
deem our native country rich in materials for the philosophical
traveller. But besides the study of our national character and
institutions, and our agriculture, manufactures, commerce and arts,
Britain is deserving of the careful and repeated observation of the
natural historian, especially of the mineralogist and geologist; whilst
her Roman remains and her Gothic edifices render her interesting to the
antiquarian and the man of taste.
We must confess, however, that hitherto there are few books of travels
in our country that are worthy of it: till very lately, its mineralogy
and geology have been much neglected; and even at present, they must be
studied rather in professed works on these subjects, or in the
transactions of societies, instituted for their express and peculiar
investigation, than in books of travels. With respect to our national
character, it is obvious, that will be found more carefully studied, and
more frequently attended to, in the travels of foreigners in Britain,
than in native travels, though necessarily in the former there must be
much mistake and misapprehension, and there is often much prejudice and
misrepresentation.
In one department of travels Britain is, we believe, original and
peculiar; we allude to picturesque travels, of which those of Gilpin are
an interesting and most favourable specimen. These differ essentially
from the picturesque travels of foreigners, which are confined to the
description of antiquities, buildings, and works of art; whereas our
picturesque travels are devoted to the description of the sublimities
and beauties of nature. To these beauties, the British seem particularly
sensible, and Britain, perhaps, if we regard both what nature has done
for her, and the assistance which tasteful art has bestowed on nature,
is as favourable a country for the picturesque traveller as most in
Europe.
483. Paul Hentzer's Journey into England in 1598. London, 1600. 8vo. In
Dodsley's Fugitive Pieces, vol. 2. Also published at the Strawberry Hill
Press. By Horace Walpole.--Interesting from the description of our manners,
&c. in the reign of Elizabeth.
484. Travels of Cosmo, Grand Duke of Tuscany, through England, 1669. 4to.
1822.--Amidst much that is very tedious and stupid, relative to the
ceremonies observed in receiving this prince, and all his most minute
movements and actions, there are curious notices of the state of England,
the mode of life, manners, and agriculture at this period.
485. Letters on the English Nation. By Baptista Angeloni, translated from
the Italian. 1756. 2 vols. 8vo.
486. Grosley's Tour to London, translated by Nugent, 1772. 2 vols.
8vo.--These two works exhibit much misrepresentation of our character; at
the same time they are instructive in so far as they, in several respects,
paint accurately our national and domestic manners, in the middle of the
last century, and exhibit them as viewed by foreigners.
487. Historical Account of Three Years' Travels over England and Wales. By
Rogers. 1694. 12mo.
488. Gilpin's Tour in South Wales: his Tour in North Wales: Observations on
the Western Parts of England: Observations on the Lakes of Cumberland and
Westmoreland: Observations on the River Wye: Tour in Norfolk and South
Wales.--All these works display a deep and sincere feeling of the beauties
of nature; a pure taste and sound judgment; and are written in a style
appropriate to the subject, and worthy of the matter.
489. Warner's Tour through Wales--Warner's Second Tour through
Wales--Topographical Remarks on the South Western Parts of Hampshire. 2
vols.--History of the Isle of Wight--Tour through the Northern Parts of
England and the Borders of Scotland. 2 vols.--Excursions from Bath--Walk
through some of the Western Counties of England--Tour through Cornwall.--
These travels, generally performed on foot, contain good accounts of the
antiquities, and some notices of the natural history, manners, &c. of those
parts of England and Wales to which they respectively relate.
490. Pennant's Tours from Downing to Alston Moor--from Alston Moor to
Harrowgate and Brimham Cross--Journey from London to the Isle of Wight. 2
vols.--Journey from Chester to London--Tour in Wales. 3 vols.--These
travels are written in a dry style; but they abound in accurate
descriptions of antiquities.
491. Bingley's Tour round North Wales in 1798. 2 vols. 8vo.--The language,
manners, customs, antiquities, and botany, are particularly attended to and
well described.
492. Rev. J. Evans's Tour through Part of North Wales in 1798; Tour through
South Wales in 1803.--These works likewise are valuable for botanical
information, as well as for descriptions of scenery, manners, agriculture,
manufactures, antiquities, &c. and for mineralogy.
493. Barber's Tour in South Wales, 1802. 8vo.--This work is chiefly
picturesque, and descriptive of manners.
494. The Scenery, Antiquities, and Biography of South Wales. By B.H.
Malkin. 1805, 4to.--This work is hardly valuable in proportion to its size;
but from it may be gleaned interesting notices on the history and
antiquities of this part of Wales, as well as manners, &c.
495. Arthur Aikin's Journal of a Tour through North Wales, and part of
Shropshire. 12mo.--An admirable specimen of a mineralogical and geological
tour, in which the purely scientific information is intermixed with notices
of manufactures, and pictures of manners, &c.
From the above list of Tours in Wales which comprehends, we believe, the
best, it will be seen that this part of the united kingdom has not been
neglected by travellers. Indeed, its natural scenery, mineralogy,
geology, botany, antiquities, manners, &c. have been more frequently and
better described by travellers, than those of any other portion of the
British empire.